290:
39:
498:
412:
401:
223:
2026:
470:
1762:
1749:
51:
350:
322:
In 1584, the
Venetians, realising that the coastal fortifications were easy to conquer by the enemies attacking from the nearby hills, decided to strengthen their defense by constructing new fortifications at the top of the hill. The new Venetian firepower had longer range, rendering Spinalonga an
270:
Olous, and accordingly the wider region, were depopulated at the middle of the 7th century because of the raids of the Arab pirates in the
Mediterranean. Olous remained deserted until the mid-15th century, when the Venetians began to construct salt-pans in the shallow and salty waters of the gulf.
477:
Today, the uninhabited island is a popular tourist attraction in Crete. In addition to the abandoned leper colony and the fortress, Spinalonga is known for its small pebble beaches and shallow waters. The island can easily be accessed from Plaka,
434:
However, once on the island they received food, water, medical attention and social security payments. Previously, such amenities had been unavailable to Crete's leprosy patients, as they mostly lived in the area's caves, away from civilization.
841:
Spyropoulos, Giannis (2018). "Το οθωμανικό φρούριο της Σπιναλόγκας από την κατάκτησή του (1715) μέχρι τις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα" [The
Ottoman Fortress of Spinalonga from its Conquest (1715) to the Early 19th Century].
246:"long", an expression that was also maintained by the locals. The Venetians were inspired for this expression by the name of an island near Venice called by the same name and which is known today as the island of
427:
tradition of commemorating a buried person 40 days, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years after their death. There were two entrances to
Spinalonga, one being the lepers entrance, a tunnel known as "
392:, only Spinalonga and the fortress at Ierapetra were not taken by the Christian Cretan insurgents. In 1881 the 1,112 Ottomans formed their own community. In 1903, the last Turks left the island.
2948:
512:
that focuses on the abandoned leper colony, and in particular of the colony's articulate and compelling leader, Raimondakis. Spinalonga featured in the 1977 British television series
368:
In 1715, the
Ottoman Turks captured Spinalonga, taking over the last remaining Venetian fortress and removing the last trace of Venetian military presence from the island of Crete.
346:
and were also useful bases in the event of a new
Venetian-Turkish war for Crete. Many Christians found refuge in these fortresses to escape persecution from the Ottoman Turks.
319:. There are two inscriptions that cite this event, one on the transom of the main gate of the castle and the other on the base of the rampart at the north side of the castle.
309:
at the highest points of the northern and southern side of the island, as well as a fortification ring along the coast that countered any hostile disembarkation. In 1579, the
486:. Tourist boats depart from all three towns on a daily basis, every 30 minutes from Elounda. Since there is no accommodation on Spinalonga, the tours last only a few hours.
2953:
2943:
339:
271:
Subsequently, the region acquired commercial value and became inhabited. This, in combination with the emergent
Turkish threat, particularly after the
2933:
977:
903:
Spinalonga-Paradise or
Purgatory? (1986) by Beryl Darby. The Star, 46,1,6–16, (The only one reference concerning the Spinalonga leprosy colony.)
289:
2923:
885:
1710:
38:
2913:
207:
258:
Because of its position, the island was fortified from its earliest years in order to protect the entranceway of the port of
Ancient
866:
831:
813:
Maltezou, Chrysa A. (1988). "Η Κρήτη κατα τη Βενετοκρατία" [Crete under
Venetian rule]. In Panagiotakis, Nikolaos M. (ed.).
2150:
804:
Detorakis, Theocharis (1988). "Η Τουρκοκρατία στην Κρήτη" [Turkish rule in Crete]. In Panagiotakis, Nikolaos M. (ed.).
311:
817:(in Greek). Vol. II. Vikelaia Library, Association of Regional Associations of Regional Municipalities. pp. 105–162.
808:(in Greek). Vol. II. Vikelaia Library, Association of Regional Associations of Regional Municipalities. pp. 333–436.
2928:
2908:
845:Πεπραγμένα του ΙΑ′ Διεθνούς Κρητολογικού Συνεδρίου, Ρέθυμνο, 21-27 Οκτωβρίου 2011. Τόμος Γ1: Νεότεροι Χρόνοι – Σύγχρονη Εποχή
2270:
381:
68:
438:
After the leper colony was dissolved, Spinalonga sank into oblivion. Interest in it was revived by the work of people like
2903:
970:
238:"). The Venetians could not understand the expression, so they familiarized it using their own language, and called it
537:
335:
2918:
431:'s Gate". This was so named because the patients did not know what was going to happen to them once they arrived.
564:
The short story "Spinalonga" by John Ware, about a tourist group that visits the island, was included in the 13th
222:
2615:
2587:
1803:
1798:
1639:
1269:
1021:
1016:
1012:
551:, the story of a family's ties to the leper colony. The book was adapted for television in the television series
497:
1703:
1192:
906:
Lekakis, Stelios (2017). "The Spinalonga Blues; notes from the field". Archaeology & Arts (online edition,
843:
423:
from 1903 to 1957. The last inhabitant, a priest, did not leave the island till 1962, in order to maintain the
142:
130:
411:
2472:
907:
775:
713:
514:
2938:
2620:
2414:
1080:
963:
543:
1822:
1643:
995:
524:
272:
2610:
2600:
1391:
1307:
1085:
763:
483:
230:
According to Venetian documents, the name of the island originated in the Greek expression στην Ελούντα
188:
446:
400:
2025:
2247:
1667:
1467:
1255:
389:
294:
200:
2482:
2192:
2487:
1905:
1783:
1696:
1569:
2120:
584:
445:
Spinalonga was one of the last active leper colonies in Europe. Others that have survived include
2780:
2260:
1323:
1250:
1162:
565:
509:
302:
2512:
2840:
2690:
2542:
2502:
2125:
2090:
2065:
1597:
1497:
1451:
1446:
1431:
1345:
881:
862:
827:
196:
2182:
2080:
687:
2810:
2785:
2745:
2595:
2346:
2255:
1586:
1302:
1157:
1125:
1095:
315:, Luca Michiel, laid the foundation stone of the fortifications, built over the ruins of an
2675:
2605:
2522:
2401:
2300:
2285:
1647:
1591:
1396:
1355:
1130:
1100:
1075:
548:
405:
2295:
2275:
2856:
2830:
2755:
2705:
2635:
2467:
2444:
2429:
2222:
2100:
1793:
1788:
1675:
1559:
1492:
1245:
1235:
1173:
1105:
1059:
937:
424:
331:
284:
203:("large Spinalonga") – which often causes confusion as the same name is used for both.
172:
275:
in 1453, and the continuous pirate raids, forced the Venetians to fortify the island.
2897:
519:
380:, was the refuge of many Ottoman families that feared Christian reprisals. After the
363:
947:
2835:
2655:
2507:
2290:
2212:
1915:
1350:
1286:
1178:
933:
929:
558:
439:
420:
343:
305:
hired the engineer Genese Bressani to plan the island's fortifications. He created
211:
848:(in Greek). Rethymno: Historical and Folklore Society of Rethymno. pp. 9–35.
334:, remained in Venetian hands after the rest of Crete fell to the Ottomans in the
2861:
2805:
2775:
2336:
2085:
2075:
2015:
1980:
1975:
1910:
1890:
1502:
1477:
1340:
1167:
1135:
1054:
469:
323:
impregnable sea fortress, one of the most important in the Mediterranean basin.
738:
2878:
2760:
2665:
2562:
2547:
2439:
2366:
2356:
2330:
2265:
2110:
2070:
2045:
2037:
1930:
1719:
1659:
1580:
1564:
1527:
1420:
1401:
1037:
385:
306:
855:
83:
70:
2800:
2795:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2685:
2680:
2650:
2572:
2527:
2517:
2477:
2341:
2315:
2207:
2130:
1970:
1960:
1880:
1865:
1860:
1679:
1487:
1441:
1436:
1410:
1405:
1335:
1329:
1318:
1312:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1152:
1147:
1120:
1115:
1048:
1042:
1027:
458:
377:
327:
316:
376:
At the end of the Ottoman occupation the island, together with the fort at
50:
2815:
2790:
2715:
2630:
2625:
2557:
2552:
2537:
2459:
2381:
2227:
2197:
2115:
2060:
2005:
1870:
1832:
1671:
1655:
1623:
1602:
1544:
1415:
1141:
1110:
1090:
247:
349:
2866:
2825:
2770:
2765:
2710:
2660:
2449:
2419:
2391:
2386:
2371:
2237:
2177:
2166:
2155:
2140:
1995:
1985:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1885:
1840:
1617:
1612:
1574:
1549:
1522:
1517:
1472:
1374:
1240:
553:
479:
450:
235:
192:
180:
147:
2873:
2820:
2750:
2720:
2700:
2577:
2567:
2497:
2492:
2409:
2376:
2325:
2320:
2310:
2305:
2202:
2187:
2050:
1990:
1965:
1895:
1855:
1850:
1767:
1754:
1663:
1607:
1554:
1533:
1512:
1360:
1032:
942:
489:
Spinalonga is under consideration to become a World Heritage Site.
2670:
2645:
2434:
2424:
2361:
2351:
2280:
2232:
2172:
2161:
2135:
2095:
2055:
2010:
2000:
1955:
1950:
1940:
1920:
1875:
1845:
1651:
1426:
986:
924:
496:
454:
428:
410:
399:
259:
221:
184:
135:
955:
384:
other Ottoman families came to the island from all the region of
2640:
2532:
2217:
2105:
1538:
1482:
338:. In 1715, Spinalonga was taken over by the Ottomans during the
1692:
959:
2145:
1900:
920:
415:
Dilapidated houses on the road in the west of the island, 1980
1688:
2024:
531:
It is the (unnamed) setting of Ali Smith's short story
943:
Werner Herzog's documentary about man from Spinalonga
2849:
2586:
2458:
2400:
2246:
2036:
1831:
1776:
1739:
1460:
1384:
1373:
1295:
1279:
1268:
1228:
1202:
1191:
1068:
1005:
994:
921:
Crete without the gods (1935). Extract "Spinalonga"
158:
153:
141:
129:
115:
107:
99:
62:
57:
26:
854:
226:Map of Elounda, Spinalonga and surrounding areas.
2949:Medical and health organizations based in Greece
822:Remoundakis, Epaminondas; Born, Maurice (2015).
541:, 1995). It is the setting for the 2005 novel
210:, when it was a fortress, the island became a
1704:
971:
8:
21:
195:, next to the town of Plaka in the area of
1817:
1727:
1711:
1697:
1689:
1381:
1276:
1199:
1002:
978:
964:
956:
49:
37:
20:
508:, released in 1973, is a documentary by
468:
348:
288:
576:
342:. These three forts defended Venetian
2954:16th-century fortifications in Greece
473:A view of the Venetian fortifications
111:0.085 km (0.033 sq mi)
7:
897:Spinalonga, The Isle of the Damned
824:Vies et Morts d'un Crétois lépreux
675:Vies et Morts d'un Crétois lépreux
585:"Πανδέκτης: Spinalogka -- Kalydon"
14:
2944:Former populated places in Greece
826:. Toulouse: Éditions Anacharsis.
782:. Dennis Publishing. 24 July 2008
776:"The Pan Books of Horror Stories"
2934:Venetian fortifications in Crete
1760:
1747:
293:A map of Spinalonga fortress by
43:Panoramic view from the mountain
815:Crete, History and Civilization
806:Crete, History and Civilization
312:Provveditore generale di Candia
179:) is an island in the Gulf of
1:
2924:Uninhabited islands of Crete
743:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
538:Free Love and Other Stories
522:'s experimental short film
501:The west bank of Spinalonga
457:in Latvia. As of 2002, few
2970:
1577:/Nikolonisi/Agios Antonios
880:. Spain: Nabla Ediciones.
764:Mega takes on ‘The Island’
361:
282:
2914:Greek War of Independence
2022:
1820:
1816:
1730:
1726:
1637:
876:Hislop, Victoria (2008).
853:Hislop, Victoria (2005).
610:Crete under Venetian rule
453:, Fontilles in Spain and
419:The island was used as a
396:20th-century leper colony
340:last Ottoman–Venetian War
187:, in the municipality of
176:
120:
48:
36:
16:Island northeast of Crete
739:"Fortress of Spinalonga"
353:The island of Spinalonga
29:
2473:Agios Georgios Skopelou
930:Fortezza di Spina Longa
326:Spinalonga, along with
2030:
1473:Agios Nikolaos/Mochlos
1022:Mikros Agios Theodoros
714:"The Spinalonga blues"
673:Remoundakis and Born,
515:Who Pays the Ferryman?
502:
474:
416:
408:
404:Spinalonga in 1901 by
354:
336:Cretan War (1645–1669)
298:
273:Fall of Constantinople
227:
2929:Mediterranean islands
2909:Agios Nikolaos, Crete
2028:
1086:Ammoudi tous Volakous
662:Turkish rule in Crete
649:Turkish rule in Crete
636:Turkish rule in Crete
623:Turkish rule in Crete
500:
472:
414:
403:
390:Cretan revolt of 1878
362:Further information:
352:
292:
283:Further information:
225:
84:35.29750°N 25.73806°E
2904:Landforms of Lasithi
2696:Kalydon (Spinalonga)
1784:Aegean civilizations
1668:North Aegean Islands
934:Porto di Spina Longa
533:The Touching of Wood
295:Francesco Basilicata
201:Spinalonga peninsula
30:Σπιναλόγκα (Καλυδών)
22:Spinalonga (Kalydon)
1397:Chrysi/Gaidouronisi
861:. Headline Review.
80: /
23:
2151:Küçük Tavşan Adası
2031:
1583:/Prasonisi Siteias
1508:Kalydon/Spinalonga
566:Pan Book of Horror
510:Jean-Daniel Pollet
503:
493:In popular culture
475:
461:remain in Europe.
417:
409:
382:revolution of 1866
355:
299:
228:
218:Origin of the name
89:35.29750; 25.73806
2919:Islands of Greece
2891:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2811:Praso (Prasonisi)
1812:
1811:
1686:
1685:
1633:
1632:
1369:
1368:
1264:
1263:
1187:
1186:
887:978-84-92461-00-4
745:. 16 January 2014
199:. It is near the
166:
165:
2961:
2786:Peristerovrachoi
2596:Afentis Christos
2256:Agios Efstratios
1818:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1728:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1690:
1587:Peristerovrachoi
1461:Islets and rocks
1382:
1303:Afentis Christos
1296:Islets and rocks
1277:
1229:Islets and rocks
1200:
1163:Prasonisi Gavdou
1069:Islets and rocks
1003:
980:
973:
966:
957:
908:archaeology.wiki
900:
895:Zorbas, Victor.
891:
872:
860:
849:
837:
818:
809:
792:
791:
789:
787:
772:
766:
761:
755:
754:
752:
750:
735:
729:
728:
726:
724:
718:Archaeology Wiki
712:Lekakis (2017).
709:
703:
702:
700:
698:
684:
678:
671:
665:
658:
652:
645:
639:
632:
626:
619:
613:
606:
600:
599:
597:
595:
589:pandektis.ekt.gr
581:
465:Spinalonga today
183:, north-eastern
178:
95:
94:
92:
91:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
53:
41:
24:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2883:
2845:
2676:Ftena Trachylia
2616:Agioi Theodoroi
2606:Agioi Apostoloi
2582:
2454:
2396:
2301:Fournoi Korseon
2271:Ayvalık Islands
2242:
2032:
2020:
1827:
1808:
1804:Turkish islands
1772:
1761:
1759:
1748:
1746:
1735:
1722:
1717:
1687:
1682:
1648:Saronic Islands
1629:
1592:Ftena Trachylia
1456:
1432:Koufonisi/Lefki
1377:
1365:
1291:
1271:
1260:
1224:
1214:Megalo Paximadi
1194:
1183:
1076:Agioi Apostoloi
1064:
1017:Agios Theodoros
1013:Agioi Theodoroi
997:
990:
984:
953:
917:
894:
888:
875:
869:
852:
840:
834:
821:
812:
803:
800:
795:
785:
783:
774:
773:
769:
762:
758:
748:
746:
737:
736:
732:
722:
720:
711:
710:
706:
696:
694:
686:
685:
681:
672:
668:
659:
655:
646:
642:
633:
629:
620:
616:
607:
603:
593:
591:
583:
582:
578:
574:
549:Victoria Hislop
495:
467:
406:Giuseppe Gerola
398:
374:
366:
360:
287:
281:
268:
256:
220:
125:
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
44:
32:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2967:
2965:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2939:Leper colonies
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2896:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2857:Ionian Islands
2853:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2756:Mavros Volakas
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2636:Aspros Volakas
2633:
2628:
2623:
2621:Agios Nikolaos
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2483:Argos Skiathou
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Adelfoi Islets
2464:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2415:Agios Georgios
2412:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1824:Aegean Islands
1821:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Aegean Islands
1791:
1789:Aegean dispute
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1757:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1676:Ionian Islands
1644:Aegean Islands
1638:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1560:Mavros Vrachos
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1531:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1379:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:Mavros Volakas
1243:
1238:
1236:Aspros Volakas
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1219:Mikro Paximadi
1216:
1206:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1174:Treis Volakous
1171:
1165:
1160:
1158:Praso Kissamou
1155:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:Agios Nikolaos
1078:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1000:
992:
991:
985:
983:
982:
975:
968:
960:
951:
950:
945:
940:
938:Marco Boschini
927:
916:
915:External links
913:
912:
911:
904:
901:
892:
886:
873:
867:
850:
838:
832:
819:
810:
799:
796:
794:
793:
767:
756:
730:
704:
679:
666:
653:
640:
627:
614:
601:
575:
573:
570:
494:
491:
484:Agios Nikolaos
466:
463:
425:Greek Orthodox
397:
394:
373:
370:
359:
356:
285:Venetian Crete
280:
277:
267:
264:
255:
252:
219:
216:
189:Agios Nikolaos
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
151:
150:
145:
139:
138:
133:
127:
126:
121:
118:
117:
116:Administration
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
103:Cretan Islands
101:
97:
96:
64:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
42:
34:
33:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2966:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:Greek islands
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1758:
1756:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1702:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1640:Greek islands
1636:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:Major islands
1383:
1380:
1378:regional unit
1376:
1372:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:/Agios Pavlos
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:Major islands
1278:
1275:
1273:
1272:regional unit
1267:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:Major islands
1201:
1198:
1196:
1195:regional unit
1190:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:Major islands
1004:
1001:
999:
998:regional unit
993:
988:
981:
976:
974:
969:
967:
962:
961:
958:
954:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
935:
931:
928:
926:
922:
919:
918:
914:
909:
905:
902:
898:
893:
889:
883:
879:
874:
870:
868:9780755309511
864:
859:
858:
851:
847:
846:
839:
835:
833:9791027901715
829:
825:
820:
816:
811:
807:
802:
801:
797:
781:
777:
771:
768:
765:
760:
757:
744:
740:
734:
731:
719:
715:
708:
705:
693:
689:
688:"Peel Island"
683:
680:
676:
670:
667:
663:
657:
654:
650:
644:
641:
637:
631:
628:
624:
618:
615:
611:
605:
602:
590:
586:
580:
577:
571:
569:
567:
562:
560:
556:
555:
550:
546:
545:
540:
539:
534:
529:
527:
526:
521:
520:Werner Herzog
517:
516:
511:
507:
499:
492:
490:
487:
485:
481:
471:
464:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
436:
432:
430:
426:
422:
413:
407:
402:
395:
393:
391:
388:. During the
387:
383:
379:
372:Cretan revolt
371:
369:
365:
364:Ottoman Crete
357:
351:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
320:
318:
314:
313:
308:
304:
296:
291:
286:
279:Venetian rule
278:
276:
274:
265:
263:
261:
253:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:(meaning "to
233:
224:
217:
215:
213:
209:
208:Venetian rule
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
174:
170:
161:
157:
152:
149:
146:
144:
143:Regional unit
140:
137:
134:
132:
128:
124:
119:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
65:
61:
56:
52:
47:
40:
35:
28:Native name:
25:
19:
2695:
2611:Agioi Pantes
2601:Agia Varvara
2508:Kyra Panagia
2296:Foça Islands
2248:North Aegean
2121:Kandelioussa
1823:
1732:
1507:
1392:Agioi Pantes
1351:Psarocharako
1308:Agia Varvara
1101:Gaidouronisi
952:
896:
877:
856:
844:
823:
814:
805:
784:. Retrieved
779:
770:
759:
747:. Retrieved
742:
733:
721:. Retrieved
717:
707:
695:. Retrieved
691:
682:
674:
669:
661:
656:
648:
643:
635:
630:
622:
617:
609:
604:
592:. Retrieved
588:
579:
563:
559:Mega Channel
552:
542:
536:
532:
530:
523:
513:
505:
504:
488:
476:
444:
440:Maurice Born
437:
433:
421:leper colony
418:
375:
367:
358:Ottoman rule
344:trade routes
325:
321:
310:
301:In 1578 the
300:
269:
257:
243:
239:
232:stin Elounda
231:
229:
212:leper colony
205:
168:
167:
154:Demographics
122:
18:
2862:Antikythera
2806:Pontikonisi
2776:Palaiosouda
2337:Metalik Ada
2261:Agios Minas
2169:(Lebynthos)
2086:Farmakonisi
1981:Serifopoula
1976:Schoinoussa
1911:Kardiotissa
1891:Folegandros
1478:Agriomandra
1468:Agia Eirini
1341:Papadoplaka
1168:Schistonisi
1136:Palaiosouda
1055:Pondikonisi
780:Den of Geek
692:GNT History
660:Detorakis,
647:Detorakis,
634:Detorakis,
621:Detorakis,
449:in eastern
307:blockhouses
100:Archipelago
87: /
63:Coordinates
2898:Categories
2879:Makronisos
2761:Megatzedes
2666:Dionysades
2563:Skyropoula
2548:Skantzoura
2440:Psyttaleia
2367:Samothrace
2357:Samiopoula
2331:Megalonisi
2266:Ammouliani
2111:Kalolimnos
2071:Astypalaia
2046:Agathonisi
2038:Dodecanese
2029:Aegean Sea
1931:Koufonisia
1720:Aegean Sea
1660:Dodecanese
1626:/Prasonisi
1620:/Strongylo
1581:Paximadaki
1565:Megatzedes
1528:Kolokythas
1421:Paximadaki
1402:Dionysades
1326:/Makronisi
1324:Megalonisi
1038:Gavdopoula
948:Spinalonga
857:The Island
749:8 February
608:Maltezou,
572:References
544:The Island
525:Last Words
459:lazarettos
447:Tichilești
266:Arab raids
206:Following
177:Σπιναλόγκα
169:Spinalonga
159:Population
75:25°44′17″E
72:35°17′51″N
2801:Pontikaki
2796:Petalouda
2781:Peristeri
2741:Lazaretta
2736:Kyriamadi
2731:Koursaroi
2726:Kolokytha
2686:Gramvousa
2681:Glaronisi
2651:Daskaleia
2573:Tsoungria
2528:Psathoura
2518:Peristera
2513:Lekhoussa
2478:Alonnisos
2342:Oinousses
2333:(Nisiopi)
2316:Koukonesi
2276:Büyük Ada
2208:Salih Ada
2131:Karpathos
1971:Santorini
1961:Polyaigos
1881:Despotiko
1866:Antiparos
1861:Antimilos
1740:Countries
1680:Echinades
1598:Prasonisi
1570:Mikronisi
1530:/Vryonisi
1488:Daskaleia
1452:Trachilos
1447:Strongyli
1442:Mikronisi
1437:Kyriamadi
1411:Gianysada
1406:Dragonada
1336:Nisoplaka
1330:Mikronisi
1319:Mavronisi
1315:/Petalidi
1313:Glaronisi
1270:Heraklion
1256:Prasonisi
1251:Peristeri
1210:Paximadia
1170:/Trachyli
1153:Pontikaki
1148:Petalouda
1126:Leon/Nisi
1121:Lazaretta
1116:Koursaroi
1049:Gramvousa
1043:Gramvousa
1028:Elafonisi
723:9 October
594:22 August
386:Mirabello
378:Ierapetra
328:Gramvousa
317:acropolis
303:Venetians
58:Geography
2841:Vryonisi
2816:Prosfora
2791:Petalida
2716:Kavallos
2631:Arnaouti
2626:Anavatis
2558:Skopelos
2553:Skiathos
2543:Skandili
2538:Sarakino
2503:Grammeza
2460:Sporades
2382:Thymaina
2228:Telendos
2198:Pserimos
2126:Kara Ada
2116:Kalymnos
2091:Gaidaros
2076:Çatalada
2066:Astakida
2061:Armathia
2006:Therasia
1906:Irakleia
1871:Daskalio
1833:Cyclades
1672:Sporades
1656:Cyclades
1624:Vryonisi
1603:Prosfora
1545:Makroulo
1541:/Koumeli
1416:Paximada
1346:Paximadi
1193:Rethymno
1142:Petalida
1138:/Marathi
1111:Katonisi
1091:Arnaouti
936:maps by
786:28 March
697:27 March
664:, p. 406
651:, p. 385
638:, p. 338
625:, p. 343
612:, p. 159
561:Greece.
248:Giudecca
242:"thorn"
162:0 (2001)
2867:Kythira
2836:Valenti
2826:Sideros
2771:Nikolos
2766:Mochlos
2711:Katergo
2691:Grandes
2661:Diapori
2450:Spetses
2445:Salamis
2420:Agistri
2402:Saronic
2392:Zourafa
2387:Uzunada
2372:Tenedos
2238:Zaforas
2183:Pacheia
2178:Nisyros
2167:Levitha
2158:(Lipsi)
2156:Leipsoi
2141:Kinaros
2081:Chamili
1996:Sikinos
1986:Serifos
1946:Mykonos
1936:Kythnos
1926:Kimolos
1886:Donousa
1841:Amorgos
1733:General
1618:Sideros
1613:Psyllos
1594:/Pinakl
1575:Nikolos
1550:Marmaro
1523:Katergo
1518:Kavaloi
1498:Grandes
1375:Lasithi
1241:Diapori
1179:Valenti
1096:Artemis
1051:, Imeri
1045:, Agria
989:islands
878:La Isla
798:Sources
554:To Nisi
506:L'Ordre
480:Elounda
451:Romania
297:, 1618.
254:History
236:Elounda
197:Kalydon
193:Lasithi
181:Elounda
148:Lasithi
2874:Euboea
2821:Pseira
2751:Mavros
2721:Kefali
2701:Karavi
2588:Cretan
2578:Valaxa
2568:Skyros
2523:Piperi
2498:Gioura
2493:Erinia
2410:Aegina
2377:Thasos
2326:Lesbos
2321:Lemnos
2311:Imbros
2306:Icaria
2286:Chryse
2203:Rhodes
2188:Patmos
2051:Alimia
1991:Sifnos
1966:Rineia
1896:Gyaros
1856:Andros
1851:Ananes
1768:Turkey
1765:
1755:Greece
1752:
1664:Euboea
1608:Pseira
1555:Mavros
1534:Konida
1513:Karavi
1361:Trafos
1356:Thetis
1131:Loutro
1033:Gavdos
996:Chania
987:Cretan
884:
865:
830:
131:Region
123:Greece
2850:Other
2831:Souda
2706:Karga
2671:Elasa
2646:Crete
2488:Dasia
2435:Poros
2430:Hydra
2425:Dokos
2362:Samos
2352:Psara
2347:Pasas
2291:Cunda
2281:Chios
2233:Tilos
2223:Syrna
2213:Saria
2193:Platy
2173:Nimos
2162:Leros
2136:Kasos
2101:Halki
2096:Gyali
2056:Arkoi
2011:Tinos
2001:Syros
1956:Paros
1951:Naxos
1941:Milos
1921:Keros
1876:Delos
1846:Anafi
1777:Other
1652:Crete
1493:Fotia
1427:Elasa
1144:/Xera
1106:Karga
1060:Souda
925:Vimeo
455:Talsi
429:Dante
332:Souda
260:Olous
244:longa
240:spina
185:Crete
173:Greek
136:Crete
2746:Leon
2641:Avgo
2533:Repi
2218:Symi
2106:Imia
2016:Vous
1539:Kymo
1483:Avgo
932:and
882:ISBN
863:ISBN
828:ISBN
788:2010
751:2020
725:2019
699:2005
596:2022
535:(in
518:and
482:and
330:and
108:Area
2656:Dia
2146:Kos
1916:Kea
1901:Ios
1287:Dia
923:on
557:by
547:by
528:.
2900::
1678:,
1674:,
1670:,
1666:,
1662:,
1658:,
1654:,
1650:,
1646:,
1642::
1503:Io
778:.
741:.
716:.
690:.
587:.
568:.
442:.
262:.
250:.
214:.
191:,
175::
1712:e
1705:t
1698:v
1423:)
1404:(
1221:)
1212:(
1024:)
1015:(
979:e
972:t
965:v
910:)
899:.
890:.
871:.
836:.
790:.
753:.
727:.
701:.
677:.
598:.
171:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
