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grease, along with binders from fish roe or animal hooves and skins. However, these pictographs have been fading, due in part to natural wind and water erosion, and in part to tourists applying water to the images to view them better. As of 2009, the "spiderman" image had only two of the "spider legs" visible, the remainder being hidden under lichen and precipitated salts.
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projectile points. Most of the projectile points had shattered tips, suggesting they were fired into the cave from without and had shattered against the rear wall. The abundance of projectile tips and lack of other artifacts associated with normal occupation suggests that Spider Cave was not used as
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within the cave and on the walls near the entrance. The most distinctive is a pictograph of a man connected to what appears to be a spider by a spiral umbilical cord. The "Spider Man" paint colors vary from red-violet to blue-violet, and were most likely applied using colorful mineral dyes mixed with
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The caves on Burnt Bluff were probably first occupied by humans sometime around 1200 BC. At least 165 caves and shelters were used to some extent. There are a number of inconclusive theories on what importance this archaeological site had to the people who lived here. These include suppositions that
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people living in the area still trace their heritage back to these people, and among these communities there are multiple oral histories discussing the Burnt Bluff site and pictographs. In 1867, much of the Garden
Peninsula was deeded to the
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Ruth and Henry Lang, who purchased the land in 1947, advertised the Spider Cave pictographs as a tourist attraction. The area around Burnt Bluff was acquired by the State of
Michigan in the 1970s, and is now part of
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The NRIS gives the location of Spider Cave as "address restricted." However, the location is described in multiple sources as at the base of Burnt Bluff, which is located near
Fayette per USGS mapping (ref:
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240:. The bluff contains multiple wind- and water-cut caves. Spider Cave was formed approximately 4000 years ago, and is 90 feet (27 m) long and 30 feet (9.1 m) deep.
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288:. The cave was first excavated by Charles E. Cleland and G. Richard Peske in 1963. A number of artifacts were collected from the cave, most of which were Middle
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281:, which planned to build furnaces at Fayette. Starting in the 1880s, multiple private parties owned the land around Spider Cave.
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489:"Spider Man Cave: The Desecration of the Burnt Bluff Cultural Site and Its Implications for Future Heritage Management"
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Spider Cave is a water-cut cave located 20 feet (6.1 m) above the base of Burnt Bluff, a 150 feet (46 m)
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James H. Kellar (1970), "Book Review: The
Prehistory of the Burnt Bluff Area by James E. Fitting",
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Charles E. Cleland; G. Richard Peske (1968), James Edward
Fitting (ed.), "The Spider Cave Site",
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people, who inhabited the land before
European settlement, and likely as early as 1500.
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University and college buildings listed on the
National Register of Historic Places
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Reading Rock Art: Interpreting the Indian Rock
Paintings of the Canadian Shield
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Archaeological sites on the
National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
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The earliest historical recording of people in the Burnt Bluff area are the
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The earliest record of the pictographs within Spider Cave is in
Hinsdale's
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Rock Art.
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National Register of Historic Places in Delta County, Michigan
399:(3), Milwaukee, Wisconsin Archeological Society, etc.: 142–143
368:"Burnt Bluff USGS Fayette Quad, Michigan, Topographic Map"
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Burnt Bluff Caves and Pictographs (Electronic document)
389:"Book Review: The Prehistory of the Burnt Bluff Area"
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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661:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
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487:Alex K. Ruuska; Ruth Ann Armitage (June 2015),
16:Archaeological site in Michigan, United States
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372:). The given geo-coordinates are approximate.
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57:"Spiderman" illustration from Hinsdale, 1925
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601:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
510:Don Gustafson; Noreen Gustafson (1969),
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532:The Prehistory of the Burnt Bluff Area
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322:"National Register Information System"
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327:National Register of Historic Places
222:National Register of Historic Places
1084:Geography of Delta County, Michigan
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1016:National Historic Preservation Act
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560:Cherney Maribel Caves County Park
122:at the base of Burnt Bluff, near
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969:Federated States of Micronesia
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301:. It is closed to the public.
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461:10.1525/aa.1970.72.4.02a00740
257:it may have been the site of
109:Show map of the United States
21:United States historic place
299:Fayette Historic State Park
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1021:Historic Preservation Fund
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351:Primitive man in Michigan
286:Primitive Man in Michigan
175:NRHP reference
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943:Northern Mariana Islands
565:Ledge View Nature Center
417:Grace Rajnovich (2009),
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261:rituals, the home of a
243:The cave contains four
220:. It was listed on the
938:Minor Outlying Islands
921:Lists by insular areas
635:Keeper of the Register
293:a normal living site.
236:cliff on the shore of
640:National Park Service
620:Contributing property
332:National Park Service
151:45.68333°N 86.70000°W
995:District of Columbia
279:Jackson Iron Company
84:Show map of Michigan
210:archaeological site
156:45.68333; -86.70000
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245:pictographs
228:Description
198:Spider Cave
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130:Coordinates
32:Spider Cave
1078:Categories
897:Washington
817:New Mexico
812:New Jersey
687:California
305:References
907:Wisconsin
872:Tennessee
777:Minnesota
752:Louisiana
259:Midewiwin
234:limestone
224:in 1971.
142:86°42′0″W
139:45°41′0″N
1063:Category
892:Virginia
842:Oklahoma
822:New York
797:Nebraska
787:Missouri
772:Michigan
762:Maryland
747:Kentucky
727:Illinois
702:Delaware
692:Colorado
682:Arkansas
544:See also
208:, is an
182:71001021
119:Location
1009:Related
912:Wyoming
887:Vermont
792:Montana
732:Indiana
712:Georgia
707:Florida
677:Arizona
667:Alabama
538:: 20–60
499:: 27–44
263:wendigo
252:History
847:Oregon
802:Nevada
742:Kansas
717:Hawaii
672:Alaska
608:Topics
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274:Ojibwe
270:Noquet
979:Palau
877:Texas
757:Maine
722:Idaho
216:near
206:20DE3
933:Guam
882:Utah
837:Ohio
737:Iowa
425:ISBN
167:Area
456:doi
204:or
177:No.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
