428:
77:
199:
52:
33:
469:
has assessed the spotted rail as being of Least
Concern. It has a very large range, but an estimated population of only 670 to 6700 mature individuals with an unknown trend. No immediate threats have been identified. It is "ndoubtedly overlooked, especially when breeding, and probably more widespread
417:
The spotted rail's breeding season varies widely across its range. It appears to be territorial during the breeding season. It makes a cup or bowl nest of grass or dead rushes in vegetation near the ground and often above shallow water. The clutch size is two to seven eggs. The incubation period and
456:
The spotted rail makes a "oud, repeated, rasping, groaning screech, usually preceded by grunt or pop, 'g'reech' or 'pum-kreep'" that is thought to be a territorial or aggressive call. It also makes "an accelerating series of deep, gruff, pumping notes" and a "sharp, repeated 'gek'." It sometimes
377:
to the Juan Fernández
Islands). The species also occurs in Panama but the subspecies there is not known. Its distribution in Mexico, Central America, and much of South America is local rather than continuous. In addition to Chile, it has occurred as a vagrant in Trinidad and the U.S. states of
765:
Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North
American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society.
402:
The spotted rail forages in shallow water or along the water's edge. It usually stays in cover but at dawn and dusk may feed in more open areas. Its diet includes earthworms, adult and larval insects and other invertebrates, and also small fish and pondweed
344:
The spotted rail is 25 to 28 cm (9.8 to 11.0 in) long and weighs 130 to 220 g (4.6 to 7.8 oz); females are slightly smaller than males. The sexes are alike. They have a long greenish bill with a red spot at the base of the
778:
Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 July 2022. Species Lists of Birds for South
American Countries and Territories.
372:
of the spotted rail is found from Mexico to Costa Rica. The nominate subspecies is found in Cuba, Hispaniola (the
Dominican Republic and Haiti), Jamaica, and every mainland South American country except Guyana (though in Chile only as a
632:
Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques
556:
HBW and BirdLife
International (2021) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 6. Available at:
752:), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
979:
1018:
394:
The spotted rail has no pattern of movement, though it is known to move locally in response to changing water levels or drought, and has documented vagrancy.
1178:
349:
and pinkish legs. Both subspecies have a blackish head with a red eye, black and brown upperparts, and black underparts with white streaks and spots. The
1198:
1193:
1137:
953:
1238:
1150:
992:
592:
570:
234:
1208:
718:
257:
to accompany Buffon's text. Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist
710:
1188:
557:
1233:
1070:
1228:
381:
The spotted rail inhabits wet landscapes including marshes, swamps, rice fields, and wet grasslands. It requires dense cover.
1155:
997:
704:
796:
854:
596:
246:
1203:
904:
76:
1023:
1218:
673:
604:
1223:
845:
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1031:
647:
331:
282:
1036:
891:
807:
909:
405:
171:
1183:
1075:
883:
865:
600:
254:
350:
41:
374:
71:
558:
http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v6_Dec21.zip
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61:
56:
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652:"Excusion dans les divers Musées d'Allemagne, de Hollande et de Belgique (suite)"
531:
966:
839:
630:
608:
574:
277:
148:
138:
830:
651:
1083:
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128:
225:. It is found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America.
88:
32:
1109:
1049:
824:
346:
222:
108:
753:
1142:
958:
878:
581:(in French). Vol. 15. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. p. 255.
98:
801:
245:. The bird was also illustrated in a hand-colored plate engraved by
971:
945:
656:
Comptes Rendus
Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences
940:
273:
767:
466:
218:
118:
805:
221:
in the subfamily
Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family
678:"Flufftails, finfoots, rails, trumpeters, cranes, limpkin"
532:"Finfoots, flufftails, rails, trumpeters, cranes, Limpkin"
530:
Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (August 2022).
615:. Vol. 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 775.
781:
https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm
233:
The spotted rail was described by the French polymath
1099:
814:
421:
470:within range than existing records suggest."
636:(in French). Utrecht. p. 48, Number 775.
8:
706:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
253:which was produced under the supervision of
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
802:
281:that was erected by the French naturalist
197:
50:
31:
22:
525:
523:
613:Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle
356:has white streaks on its upperparts and
272:. The spotted rail is now placed in the
251:Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle
479:
285:in 1856. The generic name combines the
485:
483:
235:Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon
754:https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sporai.01
709:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.
684:. International Ornithologists' Union
303:is Latin for "spotted" or "blotched"
7:
442:Listen to spotted rail on xeno-canto
1179:IUCN Red List least concern species
501:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
748:Taylor, B. (2020). Spotted Rail (
292:meaning "leopard" with the genus
593:Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de
571:Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de
426:
418:time to fledging are not known.
75:
1194:Birds of the Dominican Republic
676:; Donsker, David, eds. (2019).
490:BirdLife International (2022).
1239:Birds of the Amazon rainforest
1199:Birds of the Yucatán Peninsula
768:https://checklist.aou.org/taxa
579:Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux
239:Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux
1:
241:from a specimen collected in
1209:Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
575:"Le râle tacheté de Cayenne"
682:World Bird List Version 9.2
605:Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie
1255:
756:retrieved October 13, 2022
703:Jobling, James A. (2010).
609:"Râle tacheté, de Cayenne"
597:Martinet, François-Nicolas
648:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
247:François-Nicolas Martinet
196:
177:
170:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
25:
1189:Birds of Central America
560:retrieved August 7, 2022
378:Pennsylvania and Texas.
364:Distribution and habitat
283:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
268:in his catalogue of the
1234:Birds described in 1783
783:retrieved July 24, 2022
508:: e.T22692763A163614849
1229:Birds of South America
1089:Pardirallus-maculatus
871:Pardirallus_maculatus
846:Pardirallus maculatus
816:Pardirallus maculatus
750:Pardirallus maculatus
601:Daubenton, Edme-Louis
494:Pardirallus maculatus
406:Potamogeton epihydrus
214:Pardirallus maculatus
181:Pardirallus maculatus
255:Edme-Louis Daubenton
536:IOC World Bird List
351:nominate subspecies
270:Planches Enluminées
42:Conservation status
1204:Birds of Venezuela
217:) is a species of
1219:Birds of Paraguay
1166:
1165:
1058:Open Tree of Life
808:Taxon identifiers
720:978-1-4081-2501-4
448:
447:
335:
323:
322:& Peck, 1908)
205:
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163:P. maculatus
65:
1246:
1224:Birds of Uruguay
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1101:Rallus maculatus
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457:calls at night.
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298:specific epithet
266:Rallus maculatus
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370:P. m. insolitus
368:the subspecies
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358:P. m. insolitus
354:P. m. maculatus
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327:P. m. maculatus
315:P. m. insolitus
259:Pieter Boddaert
237:in 1781 in his
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57:Least Concern
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26:Spotted rail
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797:Image at ADW
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686:. Retrieved
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452:Vocalization
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20:
18:
1184:Pardirallus
1032:Neotropical
967:iNaturalist
840:Wikispecies
674:Gill, Frank
662:: 593–601 .
512:14 December
340:Description
278:Pardirallus
261:coined the
150:Pardirallus
1173:Categories
1116:Q109578385
1084:Xeno-canto
474:References
308:subspecies
129:Gruiformes
633:enluminés
542:August 9,
301:maculatus
157:Species:
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
1110:Wikidata
1011:22692763
985:11295780
897:22692763
892:BirdLife
831:Q1270896
825:Wikidata
650:(1856).
629:(1783).
573:(1781).
538:. v 12.2
413:Breeding
390:Movement
385:Behavior
347:mandible
332:Boddaert
229:Taxonomy
223:Rallidae
189:Boddaert
139:Rallidae
135:Family:
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
1143:2474713
1063:1024692
1024:1118815
959:2474711
879:Avibase
713:, 292.
688:18 July
398:Feeding
375:vagrant
334:, 1783)
249:in the
191:, 1783)
145:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
1156:176227
1076:422596
1037:sporai
998:176394
946:sporai
920:sporai
910:102642
859:sporai
717:
461:Status
296:. The
294:Rallus
290:pardos
1130:6X3B5
1071:WoRMS
1050:72838
980:IRMNG
941:eBird
933:4DJH7
917:BOW:
320:Bangs
274:genus
1151:ITIS
1138:GBIF
1019:NCBI
1006:IUCN
993:ITIS
954:GBIF
905:BOLD
715:ISBN
690:2019
544:2022
514:2022
506:2022
467:IUCN
465:The
306:Two
219:bird
207:The
119:Aves
1125:CoL
972:300
928:CoL
866:ADW
855:ABA
711:236
409:).
1175::
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729:^
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522:^
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482:^
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496:"
403:(
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211:(
187:(
64:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
