1592:
5036:
7294:
7008:
6716:
4899:
553:
3597:
5948:
700:
4832:
1967:
994:
1243:
664:
Like biodynamic agriculture in general, biodynamic grape-growing stems from the ideas and suggestions of Rudolf
Steiner (1861.1925), which predate most of the organic movement. The principles and practices of biodynamics are based on his spiritual/practical philosophy which includes understanding the
3503:
and becomes oxidized, another part loses oxygen and becomes reduced. Early in its life, a wine will exhibit oxidative aromas and traits due to the relatively recent influence and exposure of oxygen when the wine was barrel aged and/or bottled. As the wine ages and is shut off from a supply of oxygen
2241:
Spanish aging designation that for red wine stipulates that it has been aged for a total of 5 years after harvest with at least 18 months in oak (in Rioja and Ribera del Duero the minimum is 24 months). For
Spanish white wines the requirement is 4 years of total aging with at least 6 months in oak
2742:
Originally created in
California, these blended wines can be summed up as the "American Bordeaux". The term is a blend of the words "merit" and "heritage" and pronounced the same. The Red blend is made from at least 2 of the 5 Bordeaux grape varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc,
3109:
A sweet fortified wine, which is produced from grapes grown and processed in the Douro region of
Portugal. This wine is fortified with the addition of distilled grape spirits in order to boost the alcohol content and stop fermentation thus preserving some of the natural grape sugars. Several
3528:
Spanish aging designation. For red wines this means that a wine has been aged for at least 3 years following harvest with at least 12 months in oak. For
Spanish white wines, the designation means that the wine has been aged for at least 18 months with at least 6 of those months in
4073:(QWPSR) such as French AOC and Italian DOCG wines until both terms were eliminated in 2009. Now most European wines that were formally labeled as "Table Wines" are just labeled as "Wine" while those that were labeled as "Table Wine with a Geographical Indication" are now
2093:
A fermented alcoholic beverage made from non-grape fruit juice which may or may not include the addition of sugar or honey. Fruit wines are always called "something" wines (e.g., plum wine), since the word wine alone is often legally defined as a beverage made only from
865:
Whole, uncrushed grapes are fermented in a sealed vat containing a layer of carbon dioxide. This results in fruity, soft and distinct red wines. These wines have little tannin and are immediately drinkable. This is the method used throughout France's
Beaujolais
1159:
of wine that states that a wine will remain at its peak (or optimal) drinking quality for as long as it took to reach the point of maturity. For example, if a wine is drinking at its peak at 1 year of age, it will continue drinking at its peak for another
2317:
from different wineries in a region), as opposed to a vertical tasting which involves of the same wine through different vintages. In a horizontal tasting, keeping wine variety or type and wine region the same helps emphasize differences in winery
1339:
it is 12 months in oak) and a total of 24 months before release. For
Spanish whites there is no minimum oak aging but a Crianza designated wines needs to be kept at the winery for at least 18 months after harvest before being released to the
4068:
also refers to a wine that is considered a good, everyday drinker. In the
European Union, the "Table Wine" category (and "Table Wine with a Geographical Indication") was previously the quality category that came below "Quality Wines" or
3538:
Terms given to wine to indicate that it is of higher quality than usual sometimes with longer aging and higher alcohol levels. Outside of the use of "Reserva" in
Spanish wines, these terms usually have no official standings or
1436:
that refers to the building or room where fermentation takes place. Essentially, the room, building, grange, barn, garage or shed, or other building, used for "making wine." When the grapes are first picked, they arrive at the
386:), as specified under French law. The AOC laws specify and delimit the geography from which a particular wine (or other food product) may originate and methods by which it may be made. The regulations are administered by the
3425:
Earthenware vessels used for the fermentation, storage and ageing of traditional
Georgian wine. Resembling large, egg-shaped amphorae without handles, they are either buried below ground or set into the floors of large wine
432:
Best described as a matured Fino. After the flor dies, the yeast sinks to the bottom of the wine and is no longer able to protect the Sherry from oxidation. The now unprotected Sherry begins to take on a rich and deep nutty
2844:
The sparkling effervescence of a wine. In the glass it perceived as the bubbling but the surface of the glass can affect this perception. Premium quality sparkling wine has a mousse composed of small, persistent string of
4538:
from five different years. This emphasizes differences between various vintages for a specific wine. In a horizontal tasting, the wines are all from the same vintage but are from different wineries or microclimates.
3548:
The unfermented sugar left over in the wine after fermentation. All wines, including those labeled as "dry wines" contain some residual sugars due to the presence of unfermentable sugars in the grape must such as
3662:
French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese terms for a dry wine. In Champagne production, "Sec" wines are actually medium-dry being sweeter than Brut and Extra Dry with 12-17 grams/liter of sugar added in the
1214:
Italian term for a trade organization of wine producers. Often members of individual consorzio will have their wines packaged with a specific neck label that identifies their membership in the consorzio.
3270:
Wine labeling term introduced to the European Union in 2009 to replace the "Table Wine" designation. Used to denote a wine with lower specification and regulation than that with a PDO or GI designation.
1196:
region based on the age of the spirit ranging from 00 for a newly distilled spirit to 2 for a VS ("Very Special"), 4 for a VSOP Reserve, 6 for a Napoleon XO (extra old) and 10 for the longest aged XO.
3198:. While premium wines maybe very expensive there is no set price point that distinguishes when a wine becomes a "premium wine." Premium wines generally have more aging potential than every day
4804:
Vintage is the process of picking grapes and creating the finished product. A vintage wine is one made from grapes that were all, or primarily, grown and harvested in a single specified year.
1845:
A European Union directive initiated in 1992 that mandates every bottle of wine produced or sold in the European Union to include a designated lot number. This allows identified defective or
1238:
where the trunk itself is the only permanent, inflexible piece of the vine, cordon trained vines have one or two woody arms extending from the top of the trunk. These are then spur pruned.
3775:
and a finished alcohol level of at least 12.5% with no more than 8 g/L residual sugar. These wines are usually the most rich and full-bodied wines from the Wachau that are often made from
2248:
Spanish term for a sparkling wine that has been tank fermented as opposed to going through secondary fermentation in the bottle according to the Traditional Method used for Cava production
1172:
A mass-produced wine aimed for a wide market of consumers made according to a set formula, year after year. These wines tend to emphasize broad appeal and easy drinkability rather than
1603:
A cover that slips over the neck of a wine bottle and absorbs any drips that may run down the bottle after pouring, preventing stains to table cloths, counter tops or other surfaces.
758:
A container with a neck that is narrower than the body and a "mouth." Modern wine bottles are nearly always made of glass because it is nonporous, strong, and aesthetically pleasing.
4196:
French cask capable of holding 900 litres (240 US gal) or the equivalent of 100 cases of twelve standard 750 mL (75 cL) bottles of wine. Historically associated with
4550:" in French, sometimes written as the initials V.V. It is not a regulated term with no official or legal definition of "Vieilles vignes" in any of the wine regions of France.
4282:
The space between the wine and the top of a wine bottle. As a wine ages, the space of ullage will increase as the wine gradually evaporates and seeps through the cork. The
806:
Cane pruning is when one or two canes from a vine's previous year's growth are cut back to six to fifteen buds which will be the coming growing season's grape producers.
975:, common in Bordeaux. Usually different types of wine are kept in separate sheds. The person in charge of vinification and ageing of all wine made at an estate, or the
5244:
2929:
that results in dehydrated and shrivelled grapes that are high in concentrated sugar. Noble Rot grapes are an essential component of many Austrian and German wines.
3986:
French and Italian terms that indicate a wine has a higher alcohol level and may have received more aging prior to release. In France, this term is often seen with
388:
4422:
1991:
Substances added at or near the completion of wine processing, to remove of organic compounds for the purpose of improving clarity or adjusting flavor or aroma.
4138:
Refers to a selection of wines, usually between three and eight glasses, but sometimes as many as fifty, presented for the purpose of sampling and comparison.
2057:
and low exercise lifestyle in contrast to the high mortality rate among Americans with a relatively lower cholesterol, low alcohol and more exercise lifestyle.
3787:
A system of fractional blending used in the production of Sherry where younger wines are added to top up the barrels of older wines as they age in the cellar.
3278:
The indentation found in the base of a wine bottle. Punt depth is often thought to be related to wine quality, with better quality wines having a deeper punt.
5874:
3380:
A designation for rating wine based on the ratio of its quality and its price. The higher quality and less expensive price a wine has, the better the ratio.
4070:
3383:
3254:
2007:
A winemaker who travels extensively across the globe, sharing techniques and technology from one region of the world to another. The term originated with
5812:
3892:, with no chaptalization permitted, and a finished alcohol level no greater than 11%. These wines usually the lightest in body among the wines of Wachau.
1529:, or "place name". This is Spain's designation for wines whose name, origin of grapes, grape varieties and other important factors are regulated by law.
5200:
1791:
1557:'s designation for wine whose name, origin of grapes, grape varieties and other important factors are regulated by law. It is also the abbreviation for
656:
A term originally meant to denote a location in a cellar where wine is stored but now often seen in brand marketing of some wines (e.g. Bin 75 Merlot)
3734:
3348:
3309:
421:
415:
4428:
2127:
1139:
French term for what was historically a vineyard whose boundaries were delineated by a walled enclosure. Commonly associated with vineyards in the
376:
370:
7228:
6942:
1466:
1810:
A dry wine from a "great growth" vineyard that has been designated as Erste Lage. In many regions this term has been replaced by Grosses GewÀchs.
5552:
1675:
and fermenting the grapes and their juice. Stems have a significant amount of coarse and often green tannin undesirable in the finished wine.
894:
Unit of the persistence of the wine's finish in seconds. Derived from the word caudal (tail). A wine can have a caudalie of 8 or more seconds.
5428:
7050:
6764:
1548:
1540:
1222:
Winemaking organization that is jointly owned by a number of growers who pool their resources and vineyards to produce wine under one label
4095:(or "tails") of grapes which is generally considered to be of lower quality than the juice that comes from the first pressing (or "cuvee")
3974:
in the late 20th century where premium quality wines were produced outside of DOC regulations and sold for high prices with the low level
1465:
Refers to a process in which the must of a white wine is allowed to settle before racking off the wine, this process reduces the need for
5258:
3737:
requires be modified by a US name of geographic origin. Examples would be New York Chablis, Napa Valley Burgundy or California Champagne.
1962:
A term that originated in California during the mid-1980s to refer to any inexpensive cork-finished varietal wine in a 1.5 liter bottle.
5478:
4162:
Special characteristics expressed in a wine that result from the interaction of geography, geology, climate, and the plant's genetics.
2784:
The balance of weight, acidity and fruit flavors that are perceived while the wine is still in the tasters mouth and before swallowing
424:, a United States government agency that is primarily responsible for the regulation of wines sold and produced in the United States.
6026:
5532:
5458:
5398:
5309:
4074:
3755:
that has been subjected to controlled oxidation to produce a distinctive flavor, produced in the Triangulo de Jerez region of Spain.
3264:
3853:
A wine bottle that holds approximately 6 oz (175-187 mL) or one-fourth the equivalent of a typical 750 mL bottle; a single-serving.
4232:
A German term meaning approximately "A late harvest of selected dry berries". A type of German wine made from grapes affected by
3321:
1828:
A sparkling wine that is sweeter than a brut. In Champagne, this is a wine that has received a dosage between 12 and 17 g/L sugar
7333:
750:, a large floor-standing wooden vat with a capacity of 1,000â3,000 litres (220â660 imp gal; 260â790 US gal).
6315:
6001:
4023:. Wines that are being riddled (remuage) will end up sur pointe with the yeast sediment consolidated in the neck of the bottle.
3394:
3294:
ranging from 3 Puttonyos, which contains at least 60 grams/liter of sugar, to 6 Puttonyos containing at least 150 g/L of sugar.
3247:
2704:
A qualification (not an academic degree) conferred by The Institute of Masters of Wine, which is located in the United Kingdom.
2654:
6482:
5378:
2256:
A dry wine made from a vineyard that has been designated as an Erste Lage ("Great Growth") by the wine grower association VDP
2027:
Wine to which alcohol has been added, generally to increase the concentration to a high enough level to prevent fermentation.
3673:
that are derived from the winemaking process which includes fermentation as well as potentially malolactic fermentation and
5226:
7254:
6968:
5905:
5537:
5049:
2366:
1309:
1303:
7259:
6973:
5915:
5054:
4019:
French term for a sparkling wine that has been aged with its neck down following the completion of autolysis but before
1371:
2909:". A wine merchant who assembles the produce of smaller growers and winemakers and sells the result under its own name.
1942:, that has been bottled before fermentation is completed so that a natural sparkle of CO2 can be achieved in the bottle
1515:
Varies by region. In the UK, a very sweet, low alcohol wine. In the US by law, any wine containing over 14.1% alcohol.
1105:
An Italian term for the historical or "classic" center of a wine region â sometimes located in the heart of a DOC.
7318:
5557:
2734:
Legislation in some U.S. states allowing restaurant patrons to take the remains of an opened bottle of wine with them.
2210:
1410:
when the wine is in contact with the solid matter such as skin, pips, stalks, in order to extract colour, flavour and
1822:
A very dry sparkling wine. In Champagne, this is a wine that has received a dosage with between 0-6 grams/liter sugar
5345:
4992:
A micro-organism present on the skins of grapes that reacts with the sugars inside and results in the production of
4534:
In a vertical tasting, different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery are tasted, such as a winery's
2743:
Petit Verdot, and Malbec. The White Meritage is a blend at least 2 of Sauvignon blanc, Sauvignon vert, and Semillon.
2513:, wine made from grapes that have been left on the vine longer than usual. Usually an indicator for a very sweet or
1537:, the degree of oxygen saturation in a wine, which strongly affects oxidation of the wine and its ageing properties.
7179:
7146:
6893:
6860:
6689:
5684:
4977:
layer, that includes heartwood and sapwood, which transports water and nutrients from the roots towards the leaves.
3889:
3772:
3706:
3575:
wine by allowing the Valpolicella to pass over the drained must of an Amarone on its way to secondary fermentation.
3185:
2486:
1917:
4488:
region to denote wines from exceptionally ripe grapes that have reached a certain pre-determined must weight. For
1782:
The process of removing the grapes from the stems, done either by hand or machine. Known in English as destemming.
1591:
7328:
7269:
7159:
6983:
6873:
5879:
5777:
5689:
5607:
5421:
3033:
1836:
A United States winery license allowing farms to produce and sell wine on-site, sometimes known as a farm winery.
1524:
249:
3257:(QWPSR) designation. Used to denote a wine from a region with more specification and regulations than a generic
1983:
The highest category of wine quality, representing only a very small percentage of worldwide production of wine.
7264:
7043:
6978:
6757:
6699:
6628:
6520:
6121:
6104:
5807:
5787:
2122:
4207:
The ability of a wine to clearly portray all unique aspects of its flavor â fruit, floral, and mineral notes.
766:
The interaction between air and wine after a wine has been opened. Breathing may take place while the wine is
470:
A wine that is either drunk by itself (i.e. without food) or before a meal in order to stimulate the appetite.
5204:
4236:. Such grapes can be so rare that it can take a skilled picker a day to gather enough for just one bottle. A
3389:
A now-defunct wine classification category in the European Union that was formally abolished, along with the
2769:) as opposed to the traditional method of fermentation in the bottle that consumers will eventually purchase.
2107:
Portuguese term for a potentially superior quality wine that has seen extended aging in the barrel and bottle
1493:
for an exceptionally long time (far beyond the usually 5-10 years of vintage Champagne) before going through
7154:
6868:
6241:
6077:
5889:
5742:
5483:
5463:
4340:
2570:
French term for a named vineyard site. Usually used in the context of describing individual vineyards below
2308:
2116:
1776:
The wine from a producer's portfolio that is the lowest cost for purchase and offers the most basic quality.
1125:
used in Burgundy for a single plot of land located within a vineyard that has its own name and demonstrated
2134:
6654:
6099:
5764:
5617:
4462:
Italian term for old that may be used as an aging designation that is regulated by some DOC/G wine regions
2046:
1150:
314:
Wine with a sharp, sweet-and-sour tang. The acescence characteristics frequently recalls a vinegary smell.
4296:
A wine that has layers of soft, concentrated, velvety fruits. Unctuous wines are lush, rich, and intense.
3776:
1740:
play in the winemaking process-roughly translating as "bringing up" or "raising" the wine. Traditionally
270:
Bottled by the proprietor. Will be on the label followed by relevant information concerning the bottler.
6669:
6438:
6082:
5846:
5792:
5612:
5321:
4529:
4035:
Hungarian wine term meaning "as it comes". A wine with a mixture of healthy and botrytis-infected grapes
3465:
3258:
2881:
2635:
2382:
2313:
A tasting of a group of wines from the same vintage or representing the same style of wine (such as all
1426:
French term, meaning vat or tank. On wine labels it is used to denote wine of a specific blend or batch.
1231:
1050:
677:
639:
2588:
with a luscious, almost unctuous quality. Often used to describe wines made by botrytis-infected grapes
1398:
Wines for which committed buyers will pay large sums of money because of their desirability and rarity.
5283:
2838:
French term for an appellation, where all the vineyards in the appellation are under single ownership.
2333:
Wine made from frozen grapes. Written, and trademarked as a single word - Icewine - in Canada. Called
2002:
6320:
6072:
5951:
5414:
4227:
4145:
3145:
2818:
2012:
1652:
1199:
1156:
513:
7184:
7136:
7036:
6898:
6850:
6750:
6300:
5994:
5864:
5841:
4997:
4952:
The sensory evaluation of wine, encompassing more than taste, but also mouthfeel, aroma, and color.
4887:
4686:
4384:
4119:
3998:
3358:
from recognized viticultural areas. It formally represents the second-highest level of German wine.
2016:
1745:
1411:
1407:
860:
644:
Commissioned by French Ministry of Agriculture to better position the wine industry for the future.
7174:
6888:
6393:
5822:
5572:
4903:
4736:
4111:
2776:
2775:
Italian terms for a sparkling wine that has gone through secondary fermentation according to the
2391:
1583:, or controlled and guaranteed place name, which is the category for the highest-ranking wine in
839:
672:
34:
lists the definitions of many general terms used within the wine industry. For terms specific to
2251:
534:
Italian term for an estate that makes wine from both its own vineyards and from purchased grapes
5074:
1113:
In Australia, wine bottled without a commercial label, usually sold cheaply in bulk quantities.
937:. When it appears on a wine label it will usually refer to the varieties used to make the wine.
7323:
7128:
7075:
6842:
6789:
6373:
6310:
5802:
5394:
5374:
5305:
5238:
4702:
4523:
4501:
4481:
3903:
3837:
3619:
3400:
3199:
3043:
2661:
2615:
2504:
2008:
1957:
1903:
1805:
1415:
1331:
Spanish aging designation. For red wines a wine needs to be aged at least 6 months in oak (in
1189:
405:
305:
279:
273:
253:
2285:
French term for the foil and wire cork cage that are used to dress a bottle of sparkling wine
7293:
7007:
6715:
6633:
6560:
6423:
6325:
5833:
5782:
5732:
5035:
4974:
4408:
4380:
4002:
3937:
3911:
3907:
3867:
3559:
French term for a very sweet wine. Often used as a description for very sweet sparkling wine
3469:
3370:
3159:
2926:
2639:
2544:
2438:
2194:
2176:
1627:
1533:
1450:
that may appear on wine labels to denote that the wine has been made by a local cooperative.
1336:
1254:
1108:
1049:, although the term is sometimes used for wineries in other parts of the world, such as the
767:
761:
541:
4898:
3652:
A foot-stumping wine press, traditionally used in Georgia. One of the main components of a
2125:
to designate a wine region that can produce wines with defined characteristics (such as an
1764:
is available for contract sales several months before the wine will be bottled and release.
7274:
7095:
6988:
6809:
6726:
6512:
6340:
6275:
6218:
6181:
6061:
5925:
5884:
5869:
5660:
5650:
4570:
4541:
4519:
4309:
4283:
4214:
A French term referring to the selective picking of grapes, instead of machine harvesting.
4092:
3832:
3715:
3181:
3088:
3084:
2936:
2902:
2833:
2801:
2765:
Italian term for a sparkling wine that has gone through secondary fermentation in a tank (
2713:
2677:
2676:. The term can also refer to the pomace itself or, in the Champagne region, to individual
2609:
A wine that has been oxidatively aged by maderisation. Often associated with the wines of
2442:
2387:
2338:
2220:
2206:
2050:
1945:
1850:
1695:
1672:
1606:
1558:
1264:
1225:
1144:
1134:
1078:
1004:
997:
946:
850:
659:
552:
481:
409:
345:
261:
1938:
An Italian term for a "naturally sparkling" wine. This usually refers to a wine, such as
1033:
prior to fermenting, to compensate for low sugar content/potential alcohol in the grapes.
2917:
Wines produced outside of the traditional wine growing areas of Europe and North Africa.
1390:
that appears on wine labels denoting that the wine has been made by a local cooperative.
7169:
7164:
7113:
7067:
6883:
6878:
6827:
6781:
6638:
6610:
6585:
6506:
6495:
6490:
6388:
6355:
6171:
6149:
6116:
6092:
5987:
5827:
5719:
5645:
5513:
4941:
4778:
4716:
4696:
4663:
French classification system denoting wines that are above vin de table but below VDQS.
4493:
4448:
4443:
4375:
4350:
4169:
4115:
4107:
4104:
4061:
4057:
4020:
3976:
3971:
3921:
3821:
3812:
3752:
3694:
3670:
3542:
3448:
3287:
3209:
3125:
3047:
2985:
Wines produced inside of the traditional wine growing areas of Europe and North Africa.
2980:
2912:
2814:
2766:
2699:
2610:
2520:
2066:
2042:
2030:
2022:
1921:
1839:
1761:
1205:
1016:
968:
835:
814:
784:
4671:
French term denoting a table wine, the lowest classification of the French AOC system.
4286:
of "ullage" refers to the practice of topping off a barrel with extra wine to prevent
3596:
3464:
French term for a wine producer who grows their own grapes. Often associated with the
1718:
French phrase that may appear on wine labels to denote that the wine has been aged in
7312:
7194:
7103:
6908:
6817:
6623:
6618:
6295:
6111:
6087:
5622:
5582:
4993:
4866:
4648:
4364:
4277:
4249:
4197:
4064:. In the US these wines must also be between 7% and 14% alcohol by volume. The term
3987:
3961:
3951:
3885:
3881:
3768:
3764:
3723:
3719:
3641:
3291:
3153:
3071:
3065:
3061:
3029:
2860:
2555:
2232:
2168:
2150:
2078:
1913:
1909:
1757:
1736:
1504:
1460:
1363:
1357:
1140:
1090:
1082:
1067:
A French term for a wine that falls between the range of a light red wine and a dark
934:
922:
826:
692:
611:
509:
257:
2988:
2081:, more than a still wine but less than a semi-sparkling. Similar to the French term
1204:
Additional alcohols and aldehydes present in wine apart from ethanol, also known as
6694:
6285:
6223:
6213:
6166:
5797:
5709:
5699:
5627:
5547:
5473:
5453:
5083:
5003:
4987:
4947:
4745:
French term used to denote an "ordinary wine" as opposed to a premium quality wine.
4666:
4620:
4173:
4133:
3967:
3955:
3817:
3728:
3712:
3572:
3532:
3229:
3087:
slang for an inexpensive bottle of wine. The term is thought to originate from the
3079:
2634:
French term for a grape grower who makes their own wine. Often associated with the
2585:
2514:
2376:
1703:
1584:
1554:
1510:
1332:
1292:
1235:
1086:
831:
801:
795:
682:
43:
6443:
4940:
Refers to the continuing surplus of wine over demand (glut) being produced in the
2897:
2180:
4496:
the grapes must be harvested with a potential alcohol level of at least 14%. For
1348:
A French term that literally means "growth". May refer to a vineyard or a winery.
7298:
7249:
7212:
7012:
6963:
6926:
6720:
6575:
6565:
6463:
6345:
6228:
6159:
6018:
5675:
5602:
5437:
5230:
5041:
5008:
A measure of the amount of grapes or wine produced per unit surface of vineyard.
4728:
4722:
4658:
4485:
4359:
4237:
3941:
3848:
3842:
3827:
3758:
3629:
3517:
3496:
3365:
3355:
3338:
3273:
3175:
3141:
3129:
3119:
3002:
2994:
2966:
2941:
2891:
2854:
2756:
2746:
2667:
2625:
2559:
2533:
2497:
2467:
2427:
2417:
2360:
2350:
2314:
2296:
2288:
2139:
Refers to the increasingly international nature of the wine industry, including
2072:
2054:
1939:
1885:
1684:
1494:
1472:
1297:
1282:
1217:
962:
854:
844:
787:
753:
715:
704:
699:
617:
573:
563:
525:
505:
473:
442:
436:
427:
381:
293:
35:
27:
List of definitions of terms and jargon used in winemaking and the wine industry
5131:
4831:
3644:
made from red wine along with orange, lemon and apricot juice with added sugar.
3180:
French term for a "First growth". Used mostly in conjunction with the wines of
2011:
winemakers who would fly to Northern Hemisphere wine regions in Europe and the
1279:
French term for the hillside or slopes of a hill region that is not contiguous.
604:
A low-cost entry-level offering from a winery as opposed to its more expensive
7202:
7118:
7108:
7059:
6916:
6832:
6822:
6773:
6679:
6674:
6659:
6595:
6590:
6555:
6453:
6448:
6408:
6335:
6280:
6270:
6265:
6252:
6208:
6196:
6186:
6144:
5970:
5935:
5817:
5665:
5567:
5031:
4927:
4919:
4875:
4767:
4644:
4636:
4614:
4535:
4497:
4453:
4321:
4051:
4006:
3873:
3796:
3451:
3195:
3124:
A PDO wine designation for high quality used in Germany and Austria, based on
3076:
A proposal for enhancing the economic status of the wine industry in Bordeaux.
3057:
2962:
2681:
2571:
2492:
2395:
2224:
2200:
2088:
2037:
1846:
1785:
1751:
1719:
1678:
1621:
1393:
1343:
1320:
1288:
1036:
1022:
879:
556:
339:
297:
283:
245:
39:
3164:
The highest class of wine in the German wine classification, formerly called
2143:
management practices, winemaking techniques, wine styles, and wine marketing.
7080:
6794:
6684:
6664:
6600:
6580:
6570:
6530:
6468:
6350:
6290:
6191:
5737:
5577:
5495:
5096:
4935:
4911:
4850:
4840:
4547:
4287:
4233:
4080:
3926:
3790:
3674:
3492:
3281:
3104:
2956:
2920:
2827:
2604:
2259:
2158:
2060:
1978:
1656:
1644:
1247:
1026:
909:
903:
501:
349:
3888:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight be between 15 and 17°
3253:
Wine labeling term introduced to the European Union in 2009 to replace the
2817:
made by mixing unfermented grape juice with an alcohol spirit. For example
1966:
1503:
A medium-dry sparkling wine. In Champagne, this a wine that has received a
928:
4635:
French term for a wine that has been made from dried out grapes such as a
4091:
In Champagne wine production this is the juice that is retrieved from the
1920:
and a finished alcohol level between 11 and 12.5% with no more than 4 g/L
1242:
900:
Spanish term for a sparkling wine made according to the traditional method
336:
producer who ferments and matures the wine before selling it to a merchant
6540:
6535:
6525:
6418:
6398:
6365:
6330:
6260:
6176:
6139:
6051:
6046:
6031:
5920:
5694:
5542:
5500:
5488:
5349:
5104:
5018:
4652:
4626:
4586:
4565:
4513:
4489:
4334:
4313:
4243:
4125:
4010:
3862:
3507:
3217:
3213:
3149:
3137:
2972:
2807:
2737:
2707:
2565:
2459:
2433:
2407:
Italian term for a wine that has been aged either in oak or in the bottle
2328:
2172:
2140:
1999:
A glass bottle that holds two litres of (usually inexpensive) table wine.
1927:
1864:
1699:
1478:
1446:
1421:
1401:
1122:
1116:
1046:
1010:
595:
591:
585:
489:
465:
359:
4932:
The descriptive sticker or signage adhered to the side of a wine bottle.
4474:
French term for a wine made from grapes that have been harvested by hand
3703:
German wine classification for dry wines from a single vineyard location
993:
17:
7279:
7085:
6993:
6799:
6550:
6403:
6378:
6305:
6154:
6041:
5960:
5752:
5747:
5704:
5655:
5562:
5144:
4870:
4799:
4732:
4317:
4254:
4157:
4098:
3992:
3806:
3771:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight of at least 18.2°
3635:
3568:
3562:
3550:
3523:
3455:
3442:
3006:
2581:
2265:
1986:
1951:
1690:
1671:
The French term for destemming. Destemming is removing stems prior to
1489:
1127:
1068:
1062:
809:
623:
519:
496:
460:
1924:. This classification is between the levels of Steinfeder and Smaragd.
989:. The New World counterpart to the chai may be called the barrel hall.
7244:
7207:
6958:
6921:
6545:
6433:
6428:
3782:
3746:
3613:
3500:
3416:
3068:
describes this loophole (also known as "PLC") as "legalized cheating"
3064:
by as much as 20% in warm weather years. Critics such as wine writer
3060:
system that allows producers to exceed the official maximum limit on
2998:
2673:
2399:
1994:
1971:
1916:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight of at least 17°
1868:
1831:
1631:
1561:'s highest wine category, which has the same meaning in that country.
1273:
French term for the hillside or slopes of one contiguous hill region.
1193:
1073:
1042:
972:
925:
purchases occur. This can be a tasting room or a separate sales area.
729:
725:
616:
A German term meaning approximately "harvest of selected berries". A
333:
3504:
in the bottle, a mature wine will develop reductive characteristics.
1932:
An unregulated German wine term for an off-dry (or halbtrocken) wine
4504:, the potential alcohol level needs to be at least 15.3% by volume.
2464:
A wine designation in Germany (where it is a PrÀdikat) and Austria.
1748:, blend and then store the wine before bringing them to the market.
6458:
6413:
6383:
6036:
5670:
5506:
5468:
4968:
4897:
4891:
4830:
4752:
3625:
3595:
3513:
3486:
3212:
derived from the grapes themselves and are considered part of the
3005:
or being in a room with someone wearing an overwhelming amount of
2887:
2752:
2725:
2621:
2548:
2540:
2531:
French term for the dead yeast and sediment of wine also known as
2473:
2423:
2356:
2302:
2190:
1965:
1872:
1770:
French term for the proportion of grape varieties used in a blend.
1590:
1367:
1260:
1241:
992:
733:
698:
569:
551:
5073:
Dixon, Rachel; Carter, Kate and Holmes, Rachel (14 August 2008).
4924:
Any form of dishonesty in the production or distribution of wine.
3920:
Italian term for a very old wine, often used in association with
2223:
where it denotes a Chateau's premier wine, or "first wine". On a
650:
Italian/French/Spanish/Portuguese terms for a white wine or grape
238:
An Italian term for full-bodied wines with medium-level sweetness
6010:
5966:
5930:
5772:
5727:
4881:
4731:
denoting a very young wine meant to be consumed within the same
4603:
4415:
4397:
3733:
Wines made in the United States but named after places that the
3688:
3224:
which come from the fermentation and maturation process and the
2866:
2719:
2019:
when viticulture in the Southern Hemisphere is relatively quiet.
1891:
1578:
1570:
1030:
7032:
6746:
5983:
5964:
5410:
3194:
Higher quality classification of wine above every day drinking
540:
Italian term for a winery that only produces wine from its own
5406:
4308:
An Italian term for a wine that has been blended from several
2790:
French term for a vintage date that can appear on a wine label
1567:
Portuguese, Italian, French and Spanish terms for a sweet wine
1380:
A French term for an officially classified vineyard or winery.
7028:
6742:
4859:
A unit of wine or fortified wine consisting of 1.5L in total.
2826:
French term usually used for wines of mid-level sweetness or
695:
wine owned by the restaurant or retailer that sells the wine.
55:
4484:. Legally this term can only appear on wine labels from the
4412:
denoting a wine that has been fortified during fermentation.
2525:
One example of a trellising system used to grow wine grapes.
1890:
A United States & South Africa winery license allowing
4613:
French term for a wine with the potential to improve with
1794:(VDP) to be a "first class" location capable of producing
1354:
Bordeaux estate classification below that of Cru Bourgeois
882:, that is used in winemaking for fermentation and/or aging
408:
that shows that the wine was tasted and passed government
3870:
term for a sparkling wine made from any production method
2660:
General term for winery or wine cellar in the country of
2264:
A German designation for a cluster of vineyards within a
2231:
may appear to help distinguish the wine from an estate's
3997:
French term for a wine that has spent time aging on the
3932:
A German word for "straw wine", same as the French term
3046:
white wine with pleasing fruit structure and balance of
3001:
such as smell. An example would be an affliction of the
5979:
3341:. When used in isolation on a wine label, it refers to
1634:
up to a maximum of 96% ABV. Its literal translation is
951:
Georgian term for grape marc and stalks â in Georgian,
665:
ecological, the energetic, and the spiritual in nature.
3148:. The Austrian PrÀdikat also includes the designation
2242:(increased to 12 months in Rioja and Ribera del Duero)
1859:
Refers to the extra cost associated with buying wines
4822:
Italian term for a "lively" or lightly sparkling wine
3743:
Italian and Spanish designation for a medium-dry wine
3032:
estate that doesn't have any official designation of
2390:
grown in nearly every major wine region, for example
2183:
to indicate a wine made from botrytis-infected grapes
1950:
The straw-covered flask historically associated with
691:
An acronym for "Buyer's Own Brand" which refers to a
4916:
A subterranean structure for storing and aging wine.
4248:
How well a wine reflects the characteristics of its
2347:
Italian term for a wine that has been estate-bottled
2167:
A phrase that may appear on French wine labels from
1182:
A small wine-growing region that surrounds a village
7237:
7221:
7193:
7145:
7127:
7094:
7066:
6951:
6935:
6907:
6859:
6841:
6808:
6780:
6647:
6609:
6504:
6481:
6364:
6251:
6239:
6132:
6060:
6017:
5898:
5855:
5761:
5718:
5636:
5593:
5523:
5444:
5304:Third Edition pg 446 Oxford University Press 2006
5259:"The story of unique Georgian wine cellar - Marani"
4190:
Spanish and Portuguese term for a red wine or grape
4001:during which it may have derived some flavors from
1477:The process of pouring wine from its bottle into a
1325:
French sparkling wine not made in Champagne region.
1013:
having a long stem with a tall, narrow bowl on top.
582:
The official start of the harvest season in France.
5185:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits
5170:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits
5119:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits
4796:A term used to denoting anything relating to wine.
3906:term for a broad category of sweet wines included
1790:German vineyards that have been classified by the
1059:Italian term for a very pale or light colored rosé
685:and evaluating a wine without knowing which it is.
486:A wine with very noticeable and distinctive aromas
5187:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 340.
5172:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 176.
5121:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 628.
4180:which come from the grape variety itself and the
3681:which come from the grape variety itself and the
2724:A wine-like alcoholic beverage made of fermented
2472:Wine that is produced under the supervision of a
2375:", the lowest-ranking of the three categories of
2205:French term for a "Great growth" or vineyard. In
2193:of wine, most commonly associated with the large
2149:In Hungary, the traditional oak cask used to age
878:A wood barrel or storage vessel, often made from
326:Portuguese wine term for a winery or wine cellar.
2113:German term for a commune where wine is produced
1579:Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita
1089:term for a red wine in similar style to that of
718:. Also refers to a seller of alcoholic beverage.
5134:(Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux)
2997:term for anything that affects one of the main
1487:French term for a Champagne that has been aged
500:production method of mixing grapes affected by
5107:. 9 December 2003. Retrieved 30 December 2011.
4324:but include other grape varieties in the bend.
3393:designation, in 2009 with the adoption of the
1853:and removed from circulation more efficiently.
1406:The French term for the period of time during
742:The Italian term for a wooden barrel, plural:
7044:
6758:
5995:
5422:
4874:made from only black grape varieties such as
4751:Italian and Spanish, originally derived from
3612:An early English term for what is now called
3220:of the grape variety. This is opposed to the
2859:Wine that is spiced, heated, and served as a
2077:Italian term for a wine that has very slight
1863:that may include the cost of shipping to the
1712:Spanish wine label term meaning "produced by"
955:also refers to the spirits distilled thereof.
404:, the official testing number displayed on a
8:
5875:Effects of climate change on wine production
5243:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4130:A silver, shallow cup used for tasting wine.
3950:A term used in relation to lower classified
3685:which come from aging process in the bottle.
3604:indicating its sweetness level on the label.
2977:The study of aspects of wine and winemaking.
2209:, the term is regulated to a define list of
2035:A 1991 episode of the American news program
1728:Spanish wine label term meaning "bottled by"
389:Institut National des Appellations d'Origine
4071:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions
3384:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions
3255:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions
2716:in addition to strawberries or other fruit.
1099:German classification category for dry wine
943:Italian term for a cherry-pink colored wine
872:Italian term for a farmhouse or wine estate
7051:
7037:
7029:
6765:
6751:
6743:
6248:
6002:
5988:
5980:
5961:
5429:
5415:
5407:
5284:"Ohio's 'Merlot to Go' bill gets approval"
4973:The woody tissue of a vine, inside of the
4510:Italian and Spanish term for grape harvest
3954:estates that come close in quality to the
3290:, the measurement of sweetness levels for
3244:French term for the owner of a wine estate
598:). Will yield 24 cases of 12 bottles each.
494:Austrian term originally referring to the
4396:denoting a "country wine" similar to the
4274:denoting a regional or local cooperative.
3841:" that is made without chaptalization. A
3581:Spanish and Italian terms for a rosé wine
3364:A former designation of the best quality
3110:imitations are made throughout the world.
2935:French term for a wine that has not been
1734:French term for the historical role that
3735:Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau
3168:. These wines always display a specific
3022:French term for a lightly sparkling wine
2712:A light German wine flavored with sweet
478:A geographically delineated wine region.
422:Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau
7229:Clarification and stabilization of wine
6943:Clarification and stabilization of wine
5066:
4184:which come from the winemaking process.
3859:German term for a light sparkling wine.
3587:Italian and French terms for a red wine
2219:French term most often associated with
1481:to separate the sediment from the wine.
628:A district within a German wine region
320:Portuguese term for a medium-sweet wine
5236:
3820:wine containing significant levels of
2491:German term for a wine slightly above
1816:German term for an estate-bottled wine
1553:, or "controlled place name." This is
1259:A tool, comprising a pointed metallic
1143:region such as the Grand Cru vineyard
46:, see the topic specific list in the "
5077:Is it time to drink chardonnay again?
4958:German term for a co-operative winery
4816:Italian term for a wine grape variety
4810:Italian terms for a wine grape grower
3349:QualitÀtswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete
3343:QualitÀtswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete
3310:QualitÀtswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete
1595:Wine bottle with drip cloth around it
1370:that were not part of the originally
1287:A quality level intermediate between
971:place above ground, used for storing
504:with a fermenting base wine. Today a
260:to denote wine drinkers' interest in
7:
5023:The science of fermentation in wine.
4886:An alcoholic beverage made from the
4705:classification system. Similar to a
4144:An abbreviation for the German wine
3101:Italian term for a small wine estate
1792:Verband Deutscher PrĂ€dikatsweingĂŒter
1549:Denominazione di Origine Controllata
849:The plastic or foil that covers the
728:with a capacity between 159 and 172
367:Italian term for a medium-sweet wine
5225:Kissack, Chris, thewinedoctor.com.
4357:denoting a local wine similar to a
2871:The juice of freshly pressed grapes
2772:Metodo classico/Metodo tradizionale
2476:so as to be ritually pure or clean.
1687:law representing a single vineyard.
1021:The practice of adding sugar (from
888:Portuguese term for a grape variety
5479:International Grape Genome Program
5322:""Satsnakheli" Winepress | Marani"
4526:and potentially other ingredients.
4423:Vin Délimité de Qualité Supérieure
4392:Abbreviation for the Spanish term
4041:Hungarian wine term for a dry wine
3412:Portuguese term for a wine estate.
2755:, the equivalent of eight regular
2728:and water rather than grape juice.
2359:, the equivalent of eight regular
1756:A system commonly associated with
1683:The smallest geographical unit in
1263:attached to a handle, for drawing
1188:Classification system used in the
25:
6027:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
5459:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
4853:used in the hospitality industry.
4677:Spanish and Portuguese terms for
4406:Abbreviation for the French term
4373:Abbreviation for the French term
4270:Abbreviation for the French term
4075:Protected Geographical Indication
3795:A wine expert who often works in
3331:Initials for Quality-Price Ratio.
3265:Protected Geographical Indication
2594:Italian term for a fortified wine
2495:(tafelwine). Similar to a French
2441:term for inexpensive table wine (
2293:German term for a medium-dry wine
1894:to produce and sell wine on-site.
1744:would buy ready made wines after
1443:Abbreviation for the French term
508:in Austria, intermediate between
7292:
7006:
6714:
5947:
5946:
5034:
4643:can be produced in the northern
3516:, the equivalent of six regular
3406:A simple, everyday drinking wine
3361:QualitÀtswein mit PrÀdikat (QmP)
3354:A designation of better quality
3337:A designation of better quality
3238:Italian term for a wine producer
2851:French term for a sparkling wine
2624:, the equivalent of two regular
2562:(U.S.) or 35.2 fl oz (imperial).
2558:measure of volume equal to 33.8
2426:, the equivalent of 4-6 regular
1626:French term for a grape-derived
590:The French name for a 225 litre
5393:pg 523 Workman Publishing 2001
5373:pg 515 Workman Publishing 2001
4735:year it was produced. Example:
4429:Appellation d'Origine ContrÎlée
4056:Generally any wine that is not
3628:, the equivalent of 12 regular
3472:are identified by the initials
3395:Protected Designation of Origin
3248:Protected Designation of Origin
3056:An allowance within the French
2946:The aroma or bouquet of a wine.
2890:, the equivalent of 20 regular
2813:French and Spanish terms for a
2696:Italian terms for a wine estate
2642:are identified by the initials
2305:wines, usually used in England.
2128:Appellation d'origine contrÎlée
1665:Hungarian term for a sweet wine
1314:
823:Italian term for a co-operative
572:, the equivalent of 16 regular
524:German for "select harvest", a
377:Appellation d'Origine ContrÎlée
292:Abbreviation for "Agricultural
219:
5302:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
4765:Spanish and Italian terms for
4379:denoting a wine that has been
4154:Italian term for a wine estate
2680:from the traditional vertical
2161:term for inexpensive box wine.
1900:Italian term for a wine estate
1867:'s cellars as well applicable
1295:, which in France is known as
981:
1:
7255:Glossary of viticulture terms
6969:Glossary of viticulture terms
5906:Glossary of viticulture terms
5538:Diurnal temperature variation
5087:. Retrieved 30 December 2011.
5050:Glossary of viticulture terms
4468:French term for grape harvest
4302:Italian term for a wine grape
4176:. This is in contrast to the
4114:of Champagne--similar to the
3677:. This is in contrast to the
2373:Indicazione Geografica Tipica
2053:who had a high-alcohol, high-
1304:Indicazione Geografica Tipica
1166:Portuguese term for a harvest
921:The area of the winery where
724:A cask of wine used to store
647:Bianco, Blanc, Blanco, Branco
568:A large bottle containing 12
267:AbfĂŒllung (ErzeugerabfĂŒllung)
209:
48:
7260:Glossary of winemaking terms
6974:Glossary of winemaking terms
5916:Glossary of winemaking terms
5348:. 2015-08-02. Archived from
5055:Glossary of winemaking terms
4583:French term for a "vineyard"
4562:Italian terms for a vineyard
4420:Abbreviation for the French
4029:German term for a sweet wine
4005:. Often associated with the
3624:A large bottle holding nine
3188:where the term is regulated.
3053:Plafond Limité de Classement
1386:An Italian abbreviation for
1372:1855 Bordeaux classification
1155:A principle relating to the
5099:How many units is my drink?
4762:Vino de mesa/Vino da tavola
4639:, for example a rare white
4085:German term for table wine.
3653:
3600:A Spanish rosado Cava with
3512:A large bottle holding 4.5
2925:A fungal disease caused by
2793:Mis en bouteille au chĂąteau
2751:A large bottle holding six
2422:A large bottle holding 3-5
2355:A large bottle holding six
2272:which is a single vineyard.
1611:Lacking sweetness in taste.
244:Initials for "Anything but
7350:
7334:Knowledge (XXG) glossaries
7180:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
6894:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
5685:Integrated pest management
5199:Oxford Companion to Wine.
4715:Generic French term for a
4172:that are developed as the
3707:Selection de grains nobles
3368:, since 2007 shortened to
3322:QualitÀtswein mit PrÀdikat
3166:QualitÀtswein mit PrÀdikat
3116:Italian term for noble rot
3042:French term for a simple,
2886:A large bottle holding 15
2690:French term for a vineyard
2015:during the AugustâOctober
1760:where the previous year's
853:and part of the neck of a
214:
7288:
7270:History of the wine press
7160:Sparkling wine production
7002:
6984:History of the wine press
6874:Sparkling wine production
6708:
5977:
5944:
5880:Environmental stewardship
4701:The lowest level of the
4339:Wines made from a single
3377:Quality-Price Ratio (QPR)
3156:and Trockenbeerenauslese.
2672:The distillate made from
2379:regulated by Italian law.
2344:Imbottigliato all'origine
2189:French term for a famous
1531:2. The abbreviation for
449:are further divided into
380:
7265:Wine tasting descriptors
6979:Wine tasting descriptors
6700:Wine tasting descriptors
6629:Phenolic content in wine
6521:Alternative wine closure
6105:Great French Wine Blight
5808:Great French Wine Blight
5183:Lichine, Alexis (1967).
5168:Lichine, Alexis (1967).
5117:Lichine, Alexis (1967).
4996:during a process called
4426:system that ranks below
4316:. An example would be a
3697:manufactured in Germany.
2123:World Trade Organization
2065:Italian term for a semi-
2041:that documented the low
1706:made from frozen grapes.
1521:1. The abbreviation for
1432:French term, along with
1313:) . Also a synonym for
282:, generally listed on a
70:
65:
7155:Malolactic fermentation
6869:Malolactic fermentation
5890:Sustainable agriculture
5671:Frost damage prevention
5553:Regional climate levels
5288:Columbus Business First
4727:French term similar to
4480:French term denoting a
4240:in Germany and Austria.
4174:wine ages in the bottle
3970:that became popular in
3845:in Germany and Austria.
3439:French term for a grape
2309:Horizontal wine tasting
2117:Geographical Indication
620:in Germany and Austria.
594:style barrel (Bordeaux
528:in Germany and Austria.
401:Amtliche PrĂŒfungsnummer
348:in celebrations of the
252:". A term conceived by
42:, grape varieties, and
5911:Glossary of wine terms
5132:Glossary of wine terms
4907:
4906:winery in Napa Valley.
4836:
4807:Viticoltore/Vigniaiolo
4556:Spanish term for "old"
4110:made according to the
3605:
3091:word for white wine, "
2446:
2047:cardiovascular disease
1974:
1935:Fermentazione naturale
1715:ĂlevĂ© en fĂ»ts de chĂȘne
1596:
1525:DenominaciĂłn de Origen
1408:alcoholic fermentation
1250:
1151:Coates Law of Maturity
1000:
967:A wine shed, or other
838:made according to the
746:. Usually refers to a
707:
636:vineyard designations.
559:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
32:glossary of wine terms
6670:Wine and food pairing
4901:
4834:
4530:Vertical wine tasting
4442:Abbreviation for the
4349:Abbreviation for the
3599:
3466:Champagne wine region
3259:Geographic Indication
2798:bottled at the winery
2636:Champagne wine region
2620:A bottle holding 1.5
2580:French term meaning "
2383:International variety
2135:Globalization of wine
1969:
1594:
1575:The abbreviation for
1564:Doce/Dolce/Doux/Dulce
1545:The abbreviation for
1245:
996:
783:Abbreviation seen on
702:
640:The Berthomeau Report
555:
420:Abbreviation for the
344:The wine used by the
6321:Muscat of Alexandria
4955:Winzergenossenschaft
4849:, a popular type of
4228:Trockenbeerenauslese
4146:Trockenbeerenauslese
3499:. As one part gains
3478:RĂ©coltant-Manipulant
3319:German initials for
3307:German initials for
3146:Trockenbeerenauslese
3132:. There are several
2819:Pineau des Charentes
2648:RĂ©coltant-Manipulant
1507:of 32-50 grams/liter
1467:filtration or fining
1362:A classification of
792:Cooperativa AgrĂcola
514:Trockenbeerenauslese
384:of controlled origin
7185:Yeast in winemaking
7137:Carbonic maceration
6899:Yeast in winemaking
6851:Carbonic maceration
5865:Adaptive management
5346:"History of Sherry"
5233:on 11 January 2006.
4786:Italian term for a
4777:Spanish term for a
4625:French term for an
4312:-the opposite of a
3983:Supérieur/Superiore
3777:late-harvest grapes
3740:Semisecco/Semi-seco
3468:where producers of
2638:where producers of
2211:Grand cru vineyards
2121:A term used by the
1484:DĂ©gorgement tardive
861:Carbonic maceration
632:. Contains smaller
459:Italian term for a
332:Spanish term for a
248:" or "Anything but
59:Contents:
7319:Glossaries of wine
7175:Traditional method
6889:Traditional method
6690:Wine personalities
6394:Cabernet Sauvignon
5783:Botrytis bunch rot
5603:Grapevine planting
5533:Climate categories
5227:"Wine Glossary: C"
4908:
4837:
4737:Beaujolais nouveau
4522:that is made with
4507:Vendemmia/Vendimia
4471:Vendangé à la main
4112:traditional method
3606:
3421:(Georgian: á„áááá á)
2777:traditional method
2392:Cabernet Sauvignon
2371:Abbreviation for "
1975:
1597:
1251:
1001:
840:traditional method
708:
673:organic winemaking
560:
7306:
7305:
7076:Late harvest wine
7026:
7025:
7020:
7019:
6790:Late harvest wine
6740:
6739:
6477:
6476:
6374:Alicante Bouschet
6122:Judgment of Paris
5958:
5957:
5803:Grapevine yellows
5300:J. Robinson (ed)
5197:winepros.com.au.
5145:"CHACHA | Marani"
4902:The wine cave at
4835:A waiter's friend
4674:Viña/Viñedo/Vinha
4482:late harvest wine
4400:system of France.
4394:vino de la tierra
4320:that is based on
4272:Union Coopérative
3958:Bordeaux estates.
3470:Grower Champagnes
2640:Grower Champagnes
2505:Late harvest wine
2268:as opposed to an
2131:(AOC) in France).
1958:Fighting varietal
1813:ErzeugerabfĂŒllung
1176:or craftsmanship.
406:German wine label
398:Abbreviation for
375:Abbreviation for
302:Adega Cooperativa
280:alcohol by volume
52:" section below.
16:(Redirected from
7341:
7329:Wine terminology
7297:
7296:
7053:
7046:
7039:
7030:
7011:
7010:
6767:
6760:
6753:
6744:
6719:
6718:
6634:Proteins in wine
6301:GrĂŒner Veltliner
6249:
6004:
5997:
5990:
5981:
5962:
5950:
5949:
5834:Uncinula necator
5823:Pierce's disease
5431:
5424:
5417:
5408:
5401:
5387:
5381:
5367:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5357:
5342:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5332:
5318:
5312:
5298:
5292:
5291:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5242:
5234:
5229:. Archived from
5222:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5203:. Archived from
5195:
5189:
5188:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5165:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5114:
5108:
5094:
5088:
5071:
5044:
5039:
5038:
4975:vascular cambium
4477:Vendange tardive
4432:(AOC) but above
4409:vin doux naturel
4182:secondary aromas
3938:dried grape wine
3912:botrytized wines
3805:French term for
3666:Secondary aromas
3567:The addition of
3535:/Riserva/Reserva
3480:) on wine labels
3228:which come from
3222:secondary aromas
3113:Pourriture noble
2927:Botrytis cinerea
2731:Merlot-to-go law
2650:) on wine labels
2584:-like" used for
2195:Champagne houses
2177:Coteaux du Layon
2003:Flying winemaker
1773:Entry-level wine
1643:German term for
1534:dissolved oxygen
1337:Ribera del Duero
1301:and in Italy as
1121:French term for
933:French term for
834:wine term for a
817:term for winery.
671:French term for
542:estate vineyards
537:Azienda agricola
531:Azienda vinicola
385:
358:German term for
278:Abbreviation of
60:
21:
7349:
7348:
7344:
7343:
7342:
7340:
7339:
7338:
7309:
7308:
7307:
7302:
7299:Wine portal
7291:
7284:
7275:History of wine
7233:
7217:
7189:
7141:
7123:
7104:Deacidification
7090:
7062:
7057:
7027:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7013:Wine portal
7005:
6998:
6989:History of wine
6947:
6931:
6903:
6855:
6837:
6818:Deacidification
6804:
6776:
6771:
6741:
6736:
6721:Wine portal
6713:
6704:
6643:
6605:
6510:
6500:
6473:
6360:
6341:Sauvignon blanc
6276:Cayetana blanca
6244:
6242:grape varieties
6235:
6128:
6056:
6013:
6008:
5973:
5959:
5954:
5940:
5926:Outline of wine
5894:
5885:Organic farming
5870:Biodynamic wine
5857:
5851:
5842:Red spider mite
5763:
5757:
5714:
5676:Green harvest (
5661:Erosion control
5638:
5632:
5613:Row orientation
5595:
5589:
5525:
5519:
5464:Grape varieties
5446:
5440:
5435:
5405:
5404:
5388:
5384:
5368:
5364:
5355:
5353:
5344:
5343:
5339:
5330:
5328:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5299:
5295:
5290:. Jun 23, 2006.
5282:
5281:
5277:
5268:
5266:
5263:GeorgianJournal
5257:
5256:
5252:
5235:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5210:
5208:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5153:
5151:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5095:
5091:
5072:
5068:
5063:
5040:
5033:
5030:
5015:
4984:
4965:
4847:sommelier knife
4841:Waiter's friend
4829:
4542:Vieilles vignes
4520:aromatized wine
4436:(country wine).
4331:
4310:grape varieties
4284:winemaking term
4264:
4165:Tertiary aromas
4093:second pressing
4048:
3716:botrytized wine
3683:tertiary aromas
3594:
3433:
3301:
3226:tertiary aromas
3172:on their label.
3144:in Austria) to
3085:British English
3016:
2953:
2878:
2678:press fractions
2601:
2483:
2456:
2414:
2388:Grape varieties
2325:
2279:
2252:Grosses GewÀchs
2101:
1882:
1725:Embotellado por
1636:"water of life"
1618:
1530:
1457:
1445:Coopérative de
1388:Cantina Sociale
1366:estates in the
1226:Cordon training
1169:Commercial wine
1145:Clos de Vougeot
1029:) to the grape
1005:Champagne flute
998:Champagne flute
820:Cantina Sociale
777:
660:Biodynamic wine
608:wine offerings.
579:Ban de Vendange
550:
410:quality control
346:Catholic Church
300:labels and for
262:grape varieties
232:
227:
226:
225:
224:
61:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7347:
7345:
7337:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7311:
7310:
7304:
7303:
7289:
7286:
7285:
7283:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7241:
7239:
7235:
7234:
7232:
7231:
7225:
7223:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7199:
7197:
7191:
7190:
7188:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7165:Sugars in wine
7162:
7157:
7151:
7149:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7139:
7133:
7131:
7125:
7124:
7122:
7121:
7116:
7114:Chaptalization
7111:
7106:
7100:
7098:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7072:
7070:
7064:
7063:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7048:
7041:
7033:
7024:
7023:
7018:
7017:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6997:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6955:
6953:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6945:
6939:
6937:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6913:
6911:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6879:Sugars in wine
6876:
6871:
6865:
6863:
6857:
6856:
6854:
6853:
6847:
6845:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6835:
6830:
6828:Chaptalization
6825:
6820:
6814:
6812:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6786:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6762:
6755:
6747:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6709:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6655:Classification
6651:
6649:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6641:
6639:Sugars in wine
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6615:
6613:
6611:Wine chemistry
6607:
6606:
6604:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6586:Wine dispenser
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6517:
6515:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6493:
6487:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6389:Cabernet Franc
6386:
6381:
6376:
6370:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6358:
6356:Welschriesling
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6311:MĂŒller-Thurgau
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6257:
6255:
6246:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6202:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6124:
6114:
6109:
6108:
6107:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6078:Ancient Greece
6075:
6066:
6064:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6023:
6021:
6015:
6014:
6009:
6007:
6006:
5999:
5992:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5965:
5956:
5955:
5945:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5902:
5900:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5861:
5859:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5828:Powdery mildew
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5769:
5767:
5759:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5724:
5722:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5678:Vendange verte
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5642:
5640:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5618:Trellis design
5615:
5610:
5605:
5599:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5529:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5514:Vitis vinifera
5510:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5450:
5448:
5442:
5441:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5411:
5403:
5402:
5391:The Wine Bible
5382:
5371:The Wine Bible
5362:
5337:
5313:
5293:
5275:
5250:
5217:
5190:
5175:
5160:
5136:
5124:
5109:
5089:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5009:
5006:
5001:
4990:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4971:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4945:
4942:European Union
4938:
4933:
4930:
4925:
4922:
4917:
4914:
4896:
4895:
4890:of unmodified
4884:
4879:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4843:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4784:
4781:
4779:fortified wine
4775:
4772:
4763:
4760:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4725:
4720:
4717:sparkling wine
4713:
4710:
4699:
4697:Vinho regional
4694:
4684:
4681:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4664:
4661:
4656:
4647:region of the
4633:
4630:
4623:
4618:
4611:
4608:
4599:
4596:
4589:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4568:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4544:
4539:
4532:
4527:
4516:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:GewĂŒrztraminer
4478:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4449:vino da tavola
4440:
4437:
4418:
4413:
4404:
4401:
4390:
4387:
4376:vin de liqueur
4371:
4368:
4347:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4280:
4275:
4268:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4246:
4241:
4230:
4225:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4178:primary aromas
4170:aromas in wine
4166:
4163:
4160:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4134:Tasting flight
4131:
4128:
4123:
4108:sparkling wine
4101:
4096:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4078:
4054:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4017:
4014:
3995:
3990:
3988:Bordeaux wines
3984:
3981:
3977:vino da tavola
3964:
3959:
3948:
3945:
3936:. Refers to a
3930:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3876:
3871:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3846:
3830:
3825:
3822:carbon dioxide
3815:
3813:Sparkling wine
3810:
3803:
3800:
3793:
3788:
3785:
3780:
3761:
3756:
3753:fortified wine
3749:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3731:
3726:
3709:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:sparkling wine
3691:
3686:
3679:primary aromas
3671:aromas in wine
3667:
3664:
3660:
3659:Sec/Secco/Seco
3657:
3650:
3645:
3638:
3633:
3622:
3617:
3610:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3565:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3546:
3543:Residual sugar
3540:
3536:
3530:
3526:
3521:
3510:
3505:
3495:way that wine
3491:The reductive-
3489:
3484:
3481:
3462:
3459:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3398:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3362:
3359:
3352:
3346:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3317:
3314:
3305:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3284:
3279:
3276:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3232:in the bottle.
3210:aromas in wine
3206:
3205:Primary aromas
3203:
3192:
3189:
3178:
3173:
3162:
3157:
3126:grape ripeness
3122:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3082:
3077:
3074:
3069:
3054:
3051:
3040:
3037:
3034:classification
3026:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3010:
2991:
2986:
2983:
2981:Old World wine
2978:
2975:
2970:
2959:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2915:
2913:New World wine
2910:
2900:
2895:
2884:
2882:Nebuchadnezzar
2877:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2831:
2824:
2821:
2815:fortified wine
2811:
2805:
2800:", usually in
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2767:Charmat method
2763:
2762:Metodo charmat
2760:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2705:
2702:
2700:Master of Wine
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2670:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2632:
2629:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2578:
2575:
2568:
2563:
2552:
2538:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2521:Lazy Ballerina
2518:
2509:Also known as
2507:
2502:
2489:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2465:
2462:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2436:
2431:
2420:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2385:
2380:
2369:
2364:
2353:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2331:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2311:
2306:
2299:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2235:or third wine.
2217:
2214:
2203:
2198:
2187:
2184:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2137:
2132:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2075:
2070:
2067:sparkling wine
2063:
2058:
2043:mortality rate
2033:
2031:French Paradox
2028:
2025:
2023:Fortified wine
2020:
2005:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1970:Ancient Roman
1964:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1925:
1922:residual sugar
1906:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1857:
1854:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1806:Erstes GewÀchs
1803:
1800:GroĂes GewĂ€chs
1796:Erstes GewÀchs
1788:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1754:
1749:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1589:
1588:
1573:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1543:
1538:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1501:
1498:
1485:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1441:
1438:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1318:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1257:
1240:
1239:
1228:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:fusel alcohols
1202:
1197:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1153:
1148:
1137:
1132:
1119:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:Barossa Valley
1039:
1034:
1019:
1017:Chaptalization
1014:
1007:
991:
990:
987:MaĂźtre de Chai
985:, is titled a
965:
957:
956:
949:
944:
941:
938:
931:
926:
919:
913:
912:
906:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
876:
873:
870:
867:
863:
858:
847:
842:
836:sparkling wine
829:
824:
821:
818:
812:
807:
804:
799:
781:
776:
773:
772:
771:
764:
759:
756:
751:
740:
737:
722:
719:
712:
697:
696:
689:
686:
680:
675:
669:
666:
662:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
637:
626:
621:
614:
609:
602:
599:
588:
583:
580:
577:
566:
549:
546:
545:
544:
538:
535:
532:
529:
522:
517:
492:
487:
484:
479:
476:
471:
468:
463:
457:
454:
439:
434:
430:
425:
418:
413:
396:
393:
373:
368:
365:
362:
356:
353:
342:
337:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
290:
287:
276:
271:
268:
265:
242:
239:
236:
231:
228:
223:
222:
217:
212:
204:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
62:
57:
56:
54:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7346:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7301:
7300:
7295:
7287:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7242:
7240:
7236:
7230:
7227:
7226:
7224:
7220:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7196:
7192:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7152:
7150:
7148:
7144:
7138:
7135:
7134:
7132:
7130:
7126:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7097:
7093:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7073:
7071:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7054:
7049:
7047:
7042:
7040:
7035:
7034:
7031:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7001:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6950:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6934:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6912:
6910:
6906:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6862:
6858:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6840:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6811:
6807:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6768:
6763:
6761:
6756:
6754:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6722:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6707:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6646:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6624:Acids in wine
6622:
6620:
6619:Aroma of wine
6617:
6616:
6614:
6612:
6608:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6508:
6503:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6484:
6483:Major regions
6480:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6439:Montepulciano
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6363:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6254:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6238:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6203:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6101:
6098:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6063:
6059:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5993:
5991:
5986:
5985:
5982:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5953:
5943:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5903:
5901:
5897:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5854:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5766:
5760:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5721:
5717:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5635:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5623:Vine training
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5592:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5524:Environmental
5522:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5443:
5439:
5432:
5427:
5425:
5420:
5418:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5400:
5399:1-56305-434-5
5396:
5392:
5386:
5383:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5366:
5363:
5352:on 2016-05-06
5351:
5347:
5341:
5338:
5327:
5326:en.vinoge.com
5323:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5310:0-19-860990-6
5307:
5303:
5297:
5294:
5289:
5285:
5279:
5276:
5265:(in Georgian)
5264:
5260:
5254:
5251:
5246:
5240:
5232:
5228:
5221:
5218:
5207:on 2008-08-09
5206:
5202:
5194:
5191:
5186:
5179:
5176:
5171:
5164:
5161:
5150:
5149:en.vinoge.com
5146:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5128:
5125:
5120:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5100:
5093:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5078:
5070:
5067:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5012:
5007:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4994:ethyl alcohol
4991:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4776:
4774:Vino generoso
4773:
4770:
4769:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4742:Vin ordinaire
4741:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4650:
4649:Hermitage AOC
4646:
4642:
4641:Vin de paille
4638:
4634:
4632:Vin de paille
4631:
4628:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4559:Vigna/Vigneto
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4361:
4356:
4355:vino comarcal
4352:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4341:grape variety
4338:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4250:grape variety
4247:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4202:
4199:
4198:Bordeaux wine
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3963:
3962:Super Tuscans
3960:
3957:
3953:
3952:Bordeaux wine
3949:
3947:Super Seconds
3946:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3934:vin de paille
3931:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3882:Austrian wine
3879:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3765:Austrian wine
3762:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3598:
3591:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3578:Rosado/Rosato
3577:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3539:requirements.
3537:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3397:(PDO) system.
3396:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:PrÀdikatswein
3367:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3334:QualitÀtswein
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3230:aging process
3227:
3223:
3219:
3216:character or
3215:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3191:Premium wines
3190:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3160:PrÀdikatswein
3158:
3155:
3154:Beerenauslese
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3136:ranging from
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3072:Plan Bordeaux
3070:
3067:
3066:Tom Stevenson
3063:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3030:Bordeaux wine
3027:
3025:Petit chĂąteau
3024:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2693:Maso/Masseria
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:, the word's
2226:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2186:Grande Marque
2185:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2164:Grains nobles
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2079:effervescence
2076:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2013:United States
2010:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:Austrian wine
1907:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1832:Estate winery
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1758:Bordeaux wine
1755:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1709:Elaborado por
1708:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1653:South African
1651:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:Bordeaux wine
1361:
1359:
1358:Cru Bourgeois
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1267:from bottles.
1266:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1237:
1233:
1232:vine training
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1157:aging ability
1154:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1141:Burgundy wine
1138:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:Bordeaux wine
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
995:
988:
984:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
954:
950:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
935:grape variety
932:
930:
927:
924:
923:point of sale
920:
917:
916:
915:
911:
907:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
877:
874:
871:
868:
864:
862:
859:
856:
852:
848:
846:
843:
841:
837:
833:
832:South African
830:
828:
827:Cap Classique
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
811:
808:
805:
803:
800:
797:
793:
789:
786:
782:
779:
778:
774:
769:
765:
763:
760:
757:
755:
752:
749:
745:
741:
738:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:
717:
713:
710:
709:
706:
701:
694:
693:private label
690:
687:
684:
681:
679:
678:Blind tasting
676:
674:
670:
667:
663:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
635:
631:
630:(Anbaugebiet)
627:
625:
622:
619:
615:
613:
612:Beerenauslese
610:
607:
603:
600:
597:
593:
589:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
571:
567:
565:
562:
561:
558:
554:
547:
543:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
523:
521:
518:
515:
511:
510:Beerenauslese
507:
503:
499:
498:
493:
491:
488:
485:
483:
480:
477:
475:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
458:
455:
453:or districts.
452:
448:
444:
440:
438:
435:
431:
429:
426:
423:
419:
417:
414:
411:
407:
403:
402:
397:
394:
391:
390:
383:
378:
374:
372:
369:
366:
363:
361:
357:
354:
351:
347:
343:
341:
338:
335:
331:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
288:
285:
281:
277:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
259:
258:Randall Grahm
255:
251:
247:
243:
240:
237:
234:
233:
229:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
207:
206:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
63:
53:
51:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7290:
7147:Fermentation
7004:
6861:Fermentation
6731:
6712:
6695:Wine tasting
6316:Muscat blanc
6286:Chenin blanc
6083:Ancient Rome
5910:
5832:
5798:Downy mildew
5710:Weed control
5700:Millerandage
5677:
5548:Microclimate
5512:
5505:
5487:
5474:Hybrid grape
5454:Ampelography
5447:horticulture
5390:
5385:
5370:
5365:
5354:. Retrieved
5350:the original
5340:
5329:. Retrieved
5325:
5316:
5301:
5296:
5287:
5278:
5267:. Retrieved
5262:
5253:
5231:the original
5220:
5209:. Retrieved
5205:the original
5193:
5184:
5178:
5169:
5163:
5152:. Retrieved
5148:
5139:
5127:
5118:
5112:
5098:
5092:
5084:The Guardian
5082:
5076:
5069:
4998:fermentation
4948:Wine tasting
4888:fermentation
4869:
4846:
4845:Also called
4787:
4783:Vino novello
4766:
4756:
4712:Vin mousseux
4706:
4690:
4678:
4667:Vin de table
4640:
4621:Vin de glace
4610:Vin de garde
4602:
4601:Spanish for
4592:
4591:French for
4574:
4447:
4433:
4427:
4421:
4407:
4393:
4385:fermentation
4374:
4358:
4354:
4271:
4253:
4221:
4220:German for "
4206:
4203:Transparency
4181:
4177:
4065:
3980:designation.
3975:
3968:Italian wine
3956:First Growth
3933:
3838:late harvest
3836:
3818:Effervescent
3729:Semi-generic
3718:made in the
3682:
3678:
3647:
3630:wine bottles
3601:
3573:Valpolicella
3518:wine bottles
3477:
3473:
3420:
3415:
3390:
3369:
3366:German wines
3356:German wines
3342:
3339:German wines
3320:
3308:
3241:Propriétaire
3225:
3221:
3169:
3165:
3133:
3092:
2989:Organoleptic
2906:
2892:wine bottles
2797:
2796:French for "
2757:wine bottles
2653:
2647:
2643:
2626:wine bottles
2586:dessert wine
2560:fluid ounces
2532:
2515:dessert wine
2510:
2496:
2447:Vin de table
2428:wine bottles
2377:Italian wine
2372:
2361:wine bottles
2334:
2269:
2238:Gran Reserva
2228:
2126:
2082:
2036:
2017:harvest time
1860:
1799:
1795:
1767:Encépagement
1746:fermentation
1741:
1735:
1704:dessert wine
1635:
1577:
1576:
1547:
1546:
1532:
1523:
1522:
1511:Dessert wine
1488:
1444:
1433:
1387:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1293:quality wine
1283:Country wine
1236:cane pruning
1230:A method of
1173:
1126:
1087:semi-generic
1085:. Is also a
1041:Generally a
986:
980:
976:
958:
952:
914:
802:Cane pruning
796:co-operative
791:
748:botte grande
747:
743:
633:
629:
605:
574:wine bottles
557:Wine barrels
495:
450:
447:Anbaugebiete
446:
400:
399:
387:
379:, (English:
301:
205:
47:
44:wine tasting
31:
29:
7250:Wine bottle
7222:Other steps
7213:Wine cellar
7170:SĂŒssreserve
6964:Wine bottle
6936:Other steps
6927:Wine cellar
6884:SĂŒssreserve
6576:Wine cellar
6566:Wine bottle
6507:accessories
6505:Packaging,
6464:Tempranillo
6093:Noah's wine
6073:Phoenicians
6019:Viticulture
5608:Propagation
5445:Biology and
5438:Viticulture
5389:K. MacNeil
5369:K. MacNeil
5042:Wine portal
4862:Weissherbst
4788:Vin primeur
4729:Vin primeur
4723:Vin nouveau
4707:vin de pays
4659:Vin de pays
4575:vine grower
4546:Literally "
4486:Alsace wine
4452:denoting a
4434:Vin de pays
4360:vin de pays
4021:dégorgement
4007:Loire wines
3966:A style of
3944:in Austria.
3929:/Schilfwein
3917:Stravecchio
3797:restaurants
3648:Satsnakheli
3584:Rosso/Rouge
3196:table wines
3176:Premier cru
3130:must weight
3003:common cold
2995:winetasting
2967:connoisseur
2855:Mulled wine
2511:late picked
2498:vin de pays
2493:table wines
2468:Kosher wine
2404:Invecchiato
2315:Pinot noirs
2289:Halbtrocken
2073:Frizzantino
2055:cholesterol
1886:Farm winery
1849:wine to be
1720:oak barrels
1685:German wine
1495:degorgement
1473:Decantation
1414:. See also
1351:Cru Artisan
1298:vin de pays
1218:Cooperative
1023:sugar beets
1009:A piece of
918:Cellar door
855:wine bottle
788:wine labels
716:wine cellar
705:wine bottle
474:Appellation
443:German wine
437:Anbaugebiet
428:Amontillado
395:A.P. number
382:Appellation
329:Almacenista
294:Cooperative
36:viticulture
7313:Categories
7129:Maceration
7119:Wine press
7109:Destemming
7060:Winemaking
6843:Maceration
6833:Wine press
6823:Destemming
6774:Winemaking
6680:Wine fraud
6675:Wine fault
6660:Oenophilia
6596:Wine label
6591:Wine glass
6556:Port tongs
6454:Sangiovese
6449:Pinot noir
6409:Douce noir
6336:Rkatsiteli
6281:Chardonnay
6271:Catarratto
6245:by acreage
6219:Biodynamic
6182:Aromatized
5971:winemaking
5936:Winemaking
5858:and issues
5856:Approaches
5818:Phylloxera
5788:Bot canker
5690:Irrigation
5666:Fertilizer
5639:management
5568:Topography
5558:Soil types
5379:1563054345
5356:2016-08-05
5331:2023-02-22
5269:2023-02-22
5211:2008-03-09
5154:2020-02-05
5061:References
4928:Wine label
4920:Wine fraud
4876:Pinot noir
4768:table wine
4703:Portuguese
4687:Portuguese
4645:Rhone wine
4637:straw wine
4536:Pinot noir
4498:Pinot gris
4454:table wine
4322:Sangiovese
4066:table wine
4052:Table wine
4032:Szamorodni
4016:Sur pointe
3904:Australian
3874:Steinfeder
3722:region of
3620:Salmanazar
3571:flavor to
3454:made from
3452:sweet wine
3391:Table Wine
3235:Produttore
2963:aficionado
2932:Non-filtré
2781:Mid palate
2747:Methuselah
2682:wine press
2631:Manipulant
2396:Chardonnay
2270:Einzellage
2225:wine label
2159:Australian
2104:Garrafeira
2089:Fruit wine
2049:among the
2038:60 Minutes
2009:Australian
1904:Federspiel
1861:en primeur
1856:Ex-cellars
1847:fraudulent
1842:lot number
1819:Extra-Brut
1786:Erste Lage
1752:En primeur
1742:négociants
1737:négociants
1679:Einzellage
1622:Eau de vie
1600:Drip cloth
1461:DĂ©bourbage
1416:maceration
1394:Cult wines
1377:Cru Classé
1315:Fruit wine
1289:table wine
1027:sugarcanes
714:A Spanish
668:Biologique
634:Grosslagen
412:standards.
355:Alte Reben
340:Altar wine
306:Portuguese
298:Greek wine
284:wine label
254:Bonny Doon
246:Chardonnay
220:References
40:winemaking
7081:Noble rot
6795:Noble rot
6685:Winemaker
6665:Sommelier
6601:Wine rack
6581:Wine cork
6571:Wine cave
6561:Screw cap
6531:Corkscrew
6496:New World
6491:Old World
6469:Zinfandel
6444:MourvĂšdre
6351:Trebbiano
6291:Colombard
6192:Noble rot
6172:Fortified
6150:Sparkling
6117:New World
5847:Vine moth
5813:Nematodes
5778:Black rot
5762:Pests and
5738:Noble rot
5733:Festivals
5578:elevation
5526:variation
5496:Rootstock
4936:Wine lake
4912:Wine cave
4904:Inglenook
4851:corkscrew
4548:old vines
4383:prior to
4381:fortified
4288:oxidation
4234:noble rot
4081:Tafelwein
4062:fortified
4058:sparkling
4003:autolysis
3927:Strohwein
3908:fortified
3802:Soutirage
3791:Sommelier
3700:Selection
3675:oak aging
3602:semi-seco
3493:oxidative
3461:RĂ©coltant
3282:Puttonyos
3186:Champagne
3134:PrÀdikate
3019:PĂ©tillant
2957:Oenophile
2921:Noble rot
2898:NĂ©gociant
2828:liquoreux
2787:Millésime
2605:Maderized
2591:Liquoroso
2577:Liquoreux
2572:Grand cru
2301:Term for
2282:Habillage
2260:Grosslage
2229:Grand vin
2216:Grand vin
2201:Grand cru
2061:Frizzante
1979:Fine wine
1825:Extra Dry
1668:Ăgrappage
1657:noble rot
1655:term for
1645:noble rot
1640:EdelfÀule
1447:Vignerons
1255:Corkscrew
1248:corkscrew
1234:. Unlike
1211:Consorzio
1200:Congeners
1109:Cleanskin
1081:name for
1056:Chiaretto
982:négociant
940:Cerasuolo
910:wine cave
794:or local
768:decanting
762:Breathing
732:(600-650
703:An empty
564:Balthazar
502:noble rot
350:Eucharist
311:Acescence
235:Abboccato
7324:Oenology
7096:Pressing
6810:Pressing
6732:Glossary
6648:Industry
6541:Jug wine
6536:Decanter
6526:Box wine
6424:Isabella
6419:Grenache
6399:Carignan
6346:SĂ©millon
6331:Riesling
6326:Palomino
6069:Ancient
6052:Vineyard
6047:Veraison
6032:Oenology
5952:Category
5921:Oenology
5899:See also
5793:Dead arm
5765:diseases
5743:Ripeness
5695:Klopotec
5637:Vineyard
5596:planting
5594:Vineyard
5543:Drainage
5501:Vineyard
5489:Veraison
5484:Ripening
5239:cite web
5105:BBC News
5028:See also
5019:Zymology
4679:vineyard
4653:Marsanne
4627:ice wine
4580:Vignoble
4566:Vigneron
4524:wormwood
4514:Vermouth
4490:Riesling
4465:Vendange
4335:Varietal
4314:varietal
4293:Unctuous
4244:Typicity
4238:PrÀdikat
4126:Tastevin
4011:Muscadet
3942:PrÀdikat
3899:Stickies
3863:Spumante
3856:Spritzig
3843:PrÀdikat
3828:SpÀtlese
3551:pentoses
3508:Rehoboam
3426:cellars.
3401:Quaffing
3218:typicity
3214:varietal
3200:quaffing
3182:Burgundy
3170:PrÀdikat
3152:between
3150:Ausbruch
3142:SpÀtlese
3138:Kabinett
3120:PrÀdikat
3044:quaffing
2973:Oenology
2937:filtered
2848:Mousseux
2845:bubbles.
2834:Monopole
2823:Moelleux
2810:/Mistela
2808:Mistelle
2802:Bordeaux
2738:Meritage
2714:woodruff
2708:May wine
2566:Lieu-dit
2487:Landwein
2460:Kabinett
2439:American
2434:Jug wine
2418:Jeroboam
2351:Imperial
2329:Ice wine
2221:Bordeaux
2207:Burgundy
2173:Condrieu
2141:vineyard
1928:Feinherb
1897:Fattoria
1865:importer
1779:Eraflage
1700:ice wine
1673:pressing
1649:Edelkeur
1630:such as
1559:Portugal
1500:Demi-sec
1479:decanter
1437:cuverie.
1402:Cuvaison
1246:A basic
1190:Armagnac
1163:Colheita
1123:Lieu-dit
1102:Classico
1091:Bordeaux
1047:Bordeaux
1011:stemware
891:Caudalie
790:meaning
618:PrÀdikat
596:hogshead
592:Bordeaux
586:Barrique
526:PrÀdikat
506:PrÀdikat
490:Ausbruch
482:Aromatic
466:Aperitif
451:Bereiche
445:region.
360:old vine
250:Cabernet
210:See also
49:See also
18:Spritzig
7280:Terroir
7238:Related
7086:Vintage
7068:Harvest
6994:Terroir
6952:Related
6800:Vintage
6782:Harvest
6727:Outline
6551:Muselet
6513:storage
6404:Cinsaut
6379:Barbera
6306:Macabeo
6266:Aligoté
6224:Organic
6214:Natural
6167:Dessert
6112:Georgia
6062:History
6042:Terroir
6037:Species
5753:Weather
5748:Vintage
5720:Harvest
5705:Pruning
5656:Coulure
5563:Terroir
4856:Webster
4813:Vitigno
4800:Vintage
4733:vintage
4459:Vecchio
4444:Italian
4351:Spanish
4318:Chianti
4305:Uvaggio
4255:terroir
4217:Trocken
4193:Tonneau
4158:Terroir
4116:Spanish
4105:Italian
4099:Talento
4013:region.
4009:of the
3993:Sur lie
3972:Tuscany
3922:Marsala
3884:region
3880:In the
3868:Italian
3807:racking
3767:region
3763:In the
3759:Smaragd
3663:dosage.
3640:A tart
3636:Sangria
3569:Amarone
3563:Ripasso
3533:Reserve
3524:Reserva
3458:grapes.
3456:passito
3449:Italian
3443:Recioto
3386:(QWPSR)
3288:Hungary
3048:acidity
3039:Piquant
3007:perfume
2961:A wine
2662:Georgia
2611:Madeira
2582:liqueur
2574:status.
2335:Eiswein
2318:styles.
2266:Bereich
2245:Granvas
2110:Gemeind
2094:grapes.
2083:perlant
1987:Finings
1972:flagons
1952:Chianti
1912:region
1908:In the
1851:tracked
1762:harvest
1731:Ălevage
1691:Eiswein
1490:sur lie
1429:Cuverie
1328:Crianza
1321:Crémant
1276:Coteaux
1179:Commune
1174:terroir
1128:terroir
1096:Classic
1079:British
1063:Clairet
1037:ChĂąteau
969:storage
869:Cascina
866:region.
845:Capsule
815:Italian
810:Cantina
785:Spanish
730:gallons
683:Tasting
624:Bereich
606:premium
520:Auslese
461:vintage
433:flavor.
392:(INAO).
364:Amabile
317:Adamado
308:labels.
7245:Winery
7208:Solera
6959:Winery
6922:Solera
6546:Kvevri
6434:Merlot
6429:Malbec
6229:Kosher
6205:Other
6160:Orange
6133:Styles
6100:France
5646:Canopy
5573:aspect
5469:Grapes
5397:
5377:
5308:
5201:"chai"
4894:juice.
4867:German
4819:Vivace
4793:Vinous
4755:, for
4571:French
4494:Muscat
4365:France
4278:Ullage
4211:Triage
4151:Tenuta
4141:T.B.A.
4088:Taille
4077:(PGI).
4038:SzĂĄraz
3886:Wachau
3833:German
3783:Solera
3769:Wachau
3747:Sherry
3724:Alsace
3720:French
3654:marani
3626:litres
3614:Sherry
3514:litres
3501:oxygen
3483:RĂ©colt
3436:Raisin
3417:Qvevri
3409:Quinta
3292:Tokaji
3202:wines.
3098:Podere
3089:French
3062:yields
2999:senses
2907:trader
2903:French
2888:litres
2841:Mousse
2753:liters
2674:pomace
2655:Marani
2622:litres
2616:Magnum
2556:metric
2443:French
2424:litres
2400:Merlot
2357:litres
2339:German
2233:second
2169:Alsace
2151:Tokaji
2051:French
1995:Flagon
1946:Fiasco
1914:Wachau
1869:duties
1696:German
1632:brandy
1628:spirit
1505:dosage
1434:cuvier
1412:tannin
1340:market
1194:Cognac
1185:Compte
1117:Climat
1074:Claret
1043:winery
953:chacha
947:Chacha
929:CĂ©page
754:Bottle
734:liters
726:Sherry
711:Bodega
688:B.O.B.
570:litres
456:Annata
334:Sherry
7195:Aging
6909:Aging
6459:Syrah
6414:Gamay
6384:Bobal
6296:Glera
6261:Airén
6253:White
6209:Table
6197:Straw
6187:Fruit
6145:White
6088:China
5967:Wines
5773:Birds
5628:Yield
5583:slope
5507:Vitis
5004:Yield
4988:yeast
4969:Xylem
4892:grape
4753:Latin
4683:Vinho
4651:from
4604:vines
4553:Viejo
4446:term
4353:term
4187:Tinto
4118:term
3849:Split
3835:for "
3713:sweet
3642:punch
3487:Redox
3476:(for
3351:(QbA)
3093:blanc
3080:Plonk
2905:for "
2861:punch
2726:honey
2646:(for
2549:Liter
2541:Litre
2501:wine.
2474:rabbi
2303:Rhine
2191:brand
2181:MĂącon
2045:from
1892:farms
1873:taxes
1802:wines
1585:Italy
1555:Italy
1422:Cuvée
1368:Medoc
1333:Rioja
1270:CĂŽtes
1265:Corks
1261:helix
1160:year.
979:of a
977:chais
973:casks
885:Casta
744:botti
739:Botte
601:Basic
416:ATTTB
323:Adega
296:" on
215:Notes
6511:and
6240:Top
6155:Rosé
6011:Wine
5969:and
5931:Wine
5728:Brix
5651:Clos
5395:ISBN
5375:ISBN
5306:ISBN
5245:link
4882:Wine
4871:rosé
4757:wine
4748:Vino
4691:wine
4689:for
4598:Viña
4593:wine
4573:for
4500:and
4492:and
4416:VDQS
4398:VDQS
4389:VDLT
4252:and
4168:The
4120:Cava
4026:SĂŒss
3999:lees
3940:. A
3910:and
3689:Sekt
3669:The
3609:Sack
3556:Rich
3529:oak.
3497:ages
3403:wine
3274:Punt
3267:/PGI
3261:(GI)
3250:/PDO
3208:The
3184:and
3128:and
3105:Port
2942:Nose
2867:Must
2720:Mead
2668:Marc
2534:lees
2398:and
2297:Hock
2179:and
2155:Goon
2146:Gönc
1940:Asti
1871:and
1798:and
1702:, a
1698:for
1662:Edes
1571:DOCG
1440:C.V.
1383:C.S.
1335:and
1291:and
1192:and
1135:Clos
1069:rosé
1031:must
963:Chai
908:See
904:Cave
897:Cava
875:Cask
851:cork
780:C.A.
721:Bota
512:and
497:aszĂș
30:The
7203:Oak
6917:Oak
6366:Red
6177:Ice
6140:Red
4615:age
4587:Vin
4518:An
4439:VDT
4403:VDN
4370:VDL
4363:in
4299:Uva
4222:dry
4103:An
4060:or
3902:An
3890:KMW
3773:KMW
3545:/RS
3447:An
3328:QPR
3316:QmP
3304:QbA
3286:In
3058:AOC
2965:or
2687:Mas
2528:Lie
2367:IGT
2337:in
1918:KMW
1607:Dry
1541:DOC
1344:Cru
1310:IGT
1045:in
1025:or
880:oak
653:Bin
371:AOC
304:on
274:ABV
256:'s
241:ABC
71:0â9
66:Top
7315::
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5286:.
5261:.
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5237:{{
5147:.
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4865:A
4346:VC
4267:UC
4224:".
3751:A
3711:A
3693:A
3474:RM
3095:".
3028:A
2993:A
2644:RM
2554:A
2547:-
2545:US
2449:).
2445::
2394:,
2175:,
2171:,
1840:EU
1518:DO
441:A
289:AC
38:,
7052:e
7045:t
7038:v
6766:e
6759:t
6752:v
6509:,
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5430:e
5423:t
5416:v
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1374:.
1317:.
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775:C
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230:A
201:Z
196:Y
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181:V
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156:Q
151:P
146:O
141:N
136:M
131:L
126:K
121:J
116:I
111:H
106:G
101:F
96:E
91:D
86:C
81:B
76:A
20:)
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