370:
452:
257:— from the dilapidated Brihadeeswarar temple at Sripuranthan. Worship at the temple had ended a long time before, as it was plagued by scorpions and poisonous bugs, and it was locked and had fallen into ruins. The theft occurred on three occasions starting in January 2006, with the thieves carefully gluing back the lock, using a lorry (truck) parked on the dry river bed behind the temple as the getaway vehicle. Soon after the theft, pictures of the stolen idols were sent to Kapoor in October 2006. The idols were mixed with new replicas to fool customs officials and exported out of India to New York by a company called Ever Star International Services Inc. where they were received by Nimbus Imports Exports, a company owned by Kapoor. Soon afterwards Kapoor obtained a certificate from the
289:
Grand
Central Parkway to Subhash Kapoor. Further, it was claimed the idol was acquired in New Delhi in 1970 (a year before the Indian government banned the export of antiquities from India), by Raj's late husband Abdullah Mehgoub, who was a Sudanese diplomat serving in India between 1968 and 1971. A sales receipt dated 15 April 1970, issued by Uttam Singh & Sons, Jama Masjid, Delhi, to Abdulla Mehgoub of Defence Colony, New Delhi was produced as part of the provenance. US$ 5.1 million was paid by the National Gallery of Australia for the idol.
1319:
228:, USA. Across the years he had built a good working relationship with international art galleries as a reputable dealer of Indian antiques. Following accusations of illegal dealing, Kapoor's gallery was raided by Homeland Security and stolen artwork worth $ 100 million was seized. Subhash Kapoor was arrested in Germany and extradited to India to face trial. As of 2016, he is lodged at the
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346:
369:
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The investigative website
Chasing Aphrodite was the first to expose that the Shiva idol acquired by the NGA was a stolen artwork from Southern India. The story was picked up by Australian and Indian news agencies and widely reported. New York Police recovered pictures of the idol from Kapoor's house,
288:
The
National Gallery of Australia (NGA) was keen to enhance its collection of Indian art. In 2008, the NGA, under Ron Radford, director and Robyn Maxwell, senior curator Asian art, acquired the dancing Shiva from Subhash Kapoor. The provenance provided stated that the idol was sold by Raj Mehgoub of
340:
However, the
National Gallery of Australia, continued to deny that the artwork was stolen, refused to return it, and continued to display it in the gallery, without any note of its doubtful provenance. This stand was criticised by the Australian media, with Duncan Chappell, criminology expert from
471:
in Ohio returned four artifacts acquired from Kapoor, including the
Vinayagar statue stolen from Sripuranthan. The other antiques are a stone idol of Varaha Rescuing the Earth (acquired 2001), Mughal origin 18th-century enamel with gold box (acquired 2008), and a watercolour Rasikapriya from the
356:
published a list of stories named as the 'Kapoor Files', showing that several of the stolen idols stolen from
Sripuranthan and Suthamalli had appeared in consecutive 'Art of the Past' catalogues. The site compared the photos published in the Kapoor catalogs with the photos of the stolen idols as
451:
479:
in 2005 by
Subhash Kapoor. Here also, the sculpture was sold with a false provenance which placed it back to an American collection of Leo Figie, dated to 1969. The idol was recovered by the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI).
442:
In March 2016, the
Natarajan idol was re-united with its consort Uma Parmeshwari, at the ASI Icon Centre, Kumbakonam, after nearly 8 years. The Singapore Civilisation Museum had finally returned the Uma Parmeshwari after long negotiations with the Indian Government.
381:, the director of the National Gallery of Australia, removed the idol from display. In September 2014, the Australian government returned the Natarajan idol to India, along with another stolen antique idol of Shiva as Ardhanarishvarar which was displayed at the
423:
In
November 2014, the Nataraja idol was paraded on the streets of Sripuranthan, under tight security. It was temporarily placed in its original damp stone altar. However, officials made it clear that the statue would be displayed at the government museum at
196:
period dated 9th to 10th century AD. Most of these temples haven't seen maintenance for many decades and have lax security. Local thieves used to target the idols for their metal content, usually melting them. Some idols are pure gold, silver and
240:
According to the art investigative website, Chasing
Aphrodite, Kapoor traveled to India and met Sanjivi Asokan, a kingpin of a ring of idol thieves. In 2006, thieves were hired for US$ 12,000 to steal eight idols — Nataraja and Uma Mashewari,
111:, Canberra with a false provenance, for US$ 5.1 million. The statue was consequently returned by Australia to the Indian government on ethical grounds, once questions were raised on due diligence not being followed during the acquisition.
168:
of flames, lifting his left leg (in rare cases, the right leg) and balancing over a demon or dwarf (Muyalaka) who symbolizes ignorance. It is a well-known sculptural symbol in India and popularly used as a symbol of Indian culture.
1035:
209:
was responsible for stealing eight idols from the Brihadeeswarar temple at Sripuranthan, 18 idols from the Varadharaja Perumal temple, and in 2010, 6 panchaloha idols from Chozeeshwarar temple at Vikiramangalam.
1004:
232:
in Tamil Nadu, India, facing charges for criminal conspiracy to steal antique idols, which carries a maximum sentence of 14 years. Kapoor protests his innocence and believes that he has been framed.
302:, with three photo records from different periods. Further, a 75-year-old farmer, Govindarajan, had a 30-year-old picture of Natarajan and his consort, which was taken by a photographer from
314:
during the raid of Kapoor's house, and the photo of the idol displayed at the National Gallery of Australia. It concluded all the photos were of the same idol, showing seven similarities
205:
art being worth millions in the international market, idol thieves were recruited to lift them from the temples. In 2008, one such gang allegedly recruited by New York-based art dealer
1110:
264:
At this point, the ALR had no information on the stolen Nataraja, as the theft of the idols was discovered by the villagers only in 2008. The discovery was made when officials of the
298:
where it appeared in a contemporary Indian house environment, discounting the claim that the idol has been outside India since 1971. Records of the idol had been maintained at the
152:, forms the motif for all the depictions of Shiva as Nataraja. He is also known as "Sabesan" which splits as "Sabayil aadum eesan" in Tamil which means "The Lord who dances on the
310:
ran an investigative piece comparing photos — a photo of the Sripuranthan Natarajar idol from the French Institute of Pondicherry taken in 1994, photos of the idol recovered by
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In November 2015, the United States returned a chola period bronze of Shivan and Parvathi, which was sold to the David Owsley Museum of Art at the
754:
728:
1374:
1163:
854:
483:
In June 2016, the United States returned nearly 200 antiques to the Indian Government, in the presence of the visiting Prime Minister of India,
345:, calling it inappropriate and an international embarrassment. The Government of India formally requested the artwork to be returned, under the
1364:
698:
1118:
157:
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648:
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stolen from the Sivan Temple in Madras and the 1000 year old Sripuranthan Vinayagar which was displayed at the Toledo Museum of Art.
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777:
272:
arrived in the village to remove the idols from the temple for safekeeping and the glued lock and missing idols were discovered. A
459:
Subhash Kapoor's arrest alarmed museums all over the world, as they started investigating their purchases from his gallery. The
358:
311:
299:
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Overall four of the eight statues stolen from Sripuranthan were traced, with three to the United States and one to Singapore.
405:
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265:
83:
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in Germany returned to the Indian government a 9th-century AD idol of Mahishasuramardini, stolen from Pulwama district in
108:
1359:
1354:
800:"Photocopies of Antique Metal Idols Stolen from Sivan Temple at Sripuranthan Village at Ariyalur District in Tamil Nadu"
219:
206:
1249:
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144:
as the cosmic dancer who performs his divine dance to destroy a weary universe and make preparations for the god
276:(FIR 133/2008) was filed at the Vikramangalam Police Station in this regard. The Economic Offenses Wing of the
273:
433:
604:
829:"Mystery of the missing 1000 yr old Gods in INDIA - Traced to USA and Australian National Gallery Of Art"
1369:
476:
428:
and will be brought into Sripuranthan for annual festivities. The consort of Nataraja was traced to the
229:
468:
342:
269:
104:
87:
1036:"Australian PM Tony Abbott Returns National Gallery's $ 6 Million Stolen Shiva Sculpture To India"
552:
156:". The form is present in most Shiva temples in South India and is the prime deity in the famous
676:
201:. However, the entry of international smuggling cartels has changed the situation. With antique
277:
258:
185:
878:"UPDATED > Radford Speaks, RETIRES: Director of Australia's National Gallery Is In Denial"
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to start the process of creation. The dance of Shiva in Tillai, the traditional name for
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1000:
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Subhash Kapoor owned an upscale Indian art dealership called 'Art of the Past' in
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413:
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378:
161:
149:
103:— the dancing Shiva — that was stolen from the ancient Brihadeeswarar temple of
261:(ALR) stating that the Nataraja idol was not on the stolen artifacts register.
1314:
953:
425:
303:
198:
189:
73:
394:
307:
250:
225:
37:
729:"SCOOP: New Evidence Of Stolen Idols at the National Gallery of Australia"
882:
Chasing Aphrodite: The Hunt for Looted Antiquities in the World's Museums
733:
Chasing Aphrodite: The Hunt for Looted Antiquities in the World's Museums
495:
120:
100:
401:
254:
246:
242:
165:
1298:"US returns over 200 artifacts worth more than $ 100 million to India"
1141:"In icon centre, Uma Parmeshwari reunites with Nataraja after 8 years"
520:"Stolen Nataraja, Ardhanariswara idols return to the land of temples"
181:
145:
164:. The sculpture is usually made in bronze, with Shiva dancing in an
192:, India has nearly 463 ancient temples, of which 200 belong to the
931:"The National Gallery of Australia dances into trouble with Shiva"
202:
193:
141:
385:. The two were handed over by the then Australian Prime Minister
153:
649:"Stolen idol of Goddess Uma Maheswari to return from Singapore"
72:
Stolen from the Brihadeeswarar Temple, Sripuranthan Village,
1089:"Tamil Nadu village turns out to welcome home Dancing Shiva"
1272:"US to return stolen Chola era Shiva Parvati idol to India"
1212:"Toledo Museum of Art to Return Ganesha Sculpture to India"
1186:"US museum to return Ganesha idol stolen from TN by Kapoor"
979:
412:, before being produced before the judicial magistrates of
1005:"Dancing Shiva to be returned during Abbott's India visit"
904:"Claim flawed, Australian gallery is keeping stolen idol"
575:"Shiva as Nataraja - Dance and Destruction In Indian Art"
324:
Waist cloth of shiva merged with the 23rd and 24th flame
1062:"Two idols brought back from Australia, now in Chennai"
675:
McDermott, Quentin; Richards, Deborah (25 March 2014).
487:
at Washington DC. Among the antiques returned were the
467:
in the 1990s, which had been acquired from Kapoor. The
280:
released pictures of the missing idols on its website.
1117:. No. Ariyalur. 18 September 2014. Archived from
628:"Subhash Kapoor remanded in Pazhavoor idol theft case"
107:, smuggled to the United States, and then sold to the
455:
Modi and Merkel during handover of Mahishasuramardini
79:
68:
60:
52:
44:
33:
25:
20:
929:Kleinman, Rachel; Dhillon, Amrit (18 March 2014).
855:"Is the NGA's 'looted' Shiva a statue of naivety?"
651:. No. Chennai. Deccan Chronicle. 15 June 2015
753:Boland, Michaela; Hodge, Amanda (8 March 2014).
699:"Subhash Chandra Kapoor vs. Inspector Of Police"
284:Acquisition by the National Gallery of Australia
755:"Town prays for its stolen god Shiva to return"
321:Left leg pointing between the 3rd and 4th flame
8:
1038:. Business Insider Australia. Archived from
643:
641:
670:
668:
666:
551:. New York: The Sunrise Turn Inc. p.
17:
807:Tamil Nadu Police: Economic Offences Wing
548:The dance of Siva; fourteen Indian essays
491:period (850 AD to 1250 AD) bronze of the
603:. The New Indian Express. Archived from
450:
368:
510:
347:UNESCO convention on stolen antiquities
518:Mariappan, Julie (11 September 2014).
1162:Nair, Sobhana K (18 September 2015).
1068:. No. Chennai. 12 September 2014
679:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
545:Coomaraswamy, Ananda Kentish (1918).
7:
1164:"Germany to return 9th Century Idol"
400:The Nataraja idol was then moved to
1034:Thomsen, Simon (5 September 2014).
404:and stored in the safe room of the
1087:Hodge, Amanda (10 November 2014).
776:Datta, Damayanti (11 April 2014).
361:and pointed out the similarities.
14:
952:Poetry in Stone (11 March 2014).
1331:
1317:
1143:. Deccan Chronicle. 2 March 2016
601:"God's guards missing in action"
472:Samdehi Ragini (acquired 2010).
436:agreed for its return to India.
1011:. Fairfax Media. Archived from
853:Morgan, Joyce (15 March 2014).
599:Ezhilarasan, K (21 July 2012).
373:Modi and Abbott during handover
359:French Institute of Pondicherry
300:French Institute of Pondicherry
902:Srivathsan, A (9 March 2014).
876:Felch, Jason (10 March 2014).
406:Archaeological Survey of India
383:Art Gallery of New South Wales
266:Archaeological Survey of India
99:, is a 900-year-old statue of
84:Archaeological Survey of India
1:
1365:National Gallery of Australia
778:"Mystery of the missing Gods"
573:Kumar, Nitin (January 2001).
389:to the Indian Prime Minister
109:National Gallery of Australia
727:Felch, Jason (4 June 2013).
236:Idol theft from Sripuranthan
64:130 cm (51 in)
56:Natarajar, the Dancing Shiva
933:. The Sydney Morning Herald
330:12th and 13th flame damaged
318:27 flames around the circle
220:Subhash Kapoor (art dealer)
135:The Lord (or King) of Dance
97:Sripuranthan Natarajan Idol
1391:
1111:"Four stolen idols traced"
954:"The Return of the Dancer"
327:3rd flame slightly damaged
306:. Using this information,
217:
118:
1375:Australia–India relations
1009:The Sydney Morning Herald
827:Pradeep (14 April 2014).
626:Arunchalam, Pon Vasanth.
430:Asian Civilisation Museum
393:on 5 September 2014, at
274:First Information Report
137:) is a depiction of the
434:Government of Singapore
158:Thillai Nataraja Temple
456:
432:at Singapore, and the
374:
21:Sripuranthan Natarajar
1242:"Kapoor Acquisitions"
477:Ball State University
454:
372:
230:Puzhal Central Prison
1300:. The Indian Express
1246:Toledo Museum of Art
1216:Toledo Museum of Art
1042:on 12 September 2014
1003:(5 September 2014).
857:. The Saturday Paper
706:Toledo Museum of Art
469:Toledo Museum of Art
343:University of Sydney
336:Flowing hair damaged
1360:Sculptures in India
1355:Stolen works of art
1192:. 29 September 2015
1121:on 25 February 2021
677:"The Dancing Shiva"
352:Investigative site
270:Government of India
249:, Chandrashekarar,
88:Government of India
1278:. 20 November 2015
1190:The Times of India
1166:. Bangalore Mirror
910:. No. Chennai
526:. No. Chennai
524:The Times of India
457:
375:
333:17th flame damaged
1222:on 1 October 2015
980:"Poetry In Stone"
833:Decoding Hinduism
607:on 1 October 2015
465:Jammu and Kashmir
278:Tamil Nadu Police
259:Art Loss Register
186:Ariyalur District
93:
92:
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1325:Australia portal
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1248:. Archived from
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1218:. Archived from
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1091:. The Australian
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757:. The Australian
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357:recorded by the
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1015:on 1 April 2016
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410:Fort St. George
377:In March 2014,
367:
365:Return to India
354:Poetry in Stone
312:New York Police
295:
286:
238:
222:
216:
175:
129:: "நடராசர்" or
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29:10th Century CE
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1252:on 21 May 2023
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1026:
1001:Bourke, Latika
992:
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845:
819:
791:
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719:
708:. 3 April 2012
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500:Manikkavacakar
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218:Main article:
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214:Subhash Kapoor
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207:Subhash Kapoor
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119:Main article:
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780:. India Today
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461:Linden Museum
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391:Narendra Modi
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293:Theft exposed
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