1129:
1128:
518:. A complete system or battery consists of six 2S6 combat vehicles armed with the 9M311 "Treugol'nik" (triangle) surface-to-air missile and two 2A38 30 mm cannons. These are accompanied by up to three 2F77 transloader trucks. The 2K22 is also associated with a variety of support facilities including the 2F55, 1R10 and 2V110 repair and maintenance vehicles, the MTO-AGZ workshop and the 9V921 test vehicle and others. These facilities provide maintenance for the 2K22 battery in the field as well as scheduled overhauls. Each system can attack six targets simultaneously (1 for each machine 2S6) limited to a ceiling of 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) and an elevation of −10° to 87°.
553:. GM-5975.25 has a cruising range of 500 kilometres (310 mi) and a maximum speed of 65 km/h (40 mph). It can function in ambient temperatures of −50 to 50 °C (−58 to 122 °F) and up to an altitude of 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). It has an ability of climb hills with up to a 35° slope. Overall, the layout is similar to the previous ZSU-23-4 with a large central 360-degree rotating turret (designated the 2A40) containing the armament, sensors and three of the crew: the commander, gunner and radar operator. The driver sits in the front left of the hull, with a gas turbine APU to his right and the multi-fuel diesel engine in the rear of the hull.
49:
609:
522:
1265:
998:
can be used by the gunner, who uses the stabilized sight of the
Tunguska to track the target in elevation and azimuth. The gunner is initially cued towards the target by the system's search radar. Once the missile is steered to within 5 metres (16 ft) of the target, an active laser or radio fuse (9M311-M1) is triggered. A contact fuse is also fitted. The warhead weighs about 9 kilograms (20 lb), and is a
1240:
1190:
1176:
1148:
1067:. The radars of FK-1000 are arranged in exactly the same way as in the 2K22 Tunguska, but mechanically scanned surveillance and tracking radars of Tunguska are both replaced by a phased array radars in FK-1000. A total of 12 missiles are mounted on the sides of weapons station, with 6 on each side, in the form of 2 rows of 3 containers/launchers each. The missile of FK-1000 is designated as
1226:
435:) flying at 300 metres per second (670 mph), with an identical mass of 30 mm projectiles would result in a kill probability 1.5 times greater than with 23 mm projectiles. An increase in the maximum engagement altitude from 2,000 to 4,000 metres (6,600 to 13,100 ft) and increased effectiveness when engaging lightly armoured ground targets were also cited.
1109:
1208:
1162:
994:
metres (49 to 11,483 ft). The missile has two stages, a large booster stage with four folding fins, which boosts the missile to a velocity of 900 metres per second (2,000 mph). The second stage has four fixed fins, and four steerable control surfaces. The complete missile is around 2.56 metres (8.4 ft) long and a mass of 57 kilograms (126 lb).
502:. Other improvements included an increased missile range from 8 to 10 kilometres (5.0 to 6.2 mi), improved optical tracking and accuracy, improved fire control co-ordination between components of a battery and the command post. Overall, the Tunguska-M1 has a combat efficiency 1.3–1.5 times greater than the Tunguska-M.
977:
583:
kilometres (9.9 mi). The mechanically scanned target acquisition radar for the
Tunguska-M1 offers a 360° field of view, a detection range of around 18 kilometres (11 mi) and can detect targets flying as low as 15 metres (49 ft). Its tracking radar has a range of 16 kilometres (9.9 mi). A C/D-band
591:
Standard equipment of the 2S6 and 2S6M includes a computerized fire control system, heating, ventilation, NBC system, an automatic fire detection and suppression system, navigational equipment, night vision aids, 1V116 intercom, external communications system with an R-173 receiver -modernized in the
587:
system is also fitted and designated 1RL138. The radar system is highly protected against various types of interference, and can work if there are mountains on the horizon, regardless of the background. The system is able to fire on the move using 30 mm cannons, although it must be stationary
462:
missile system, which seemed to fill the same requirement but with greater missile performance. After some considerable debate, it was felt that a purely missile-based system would not be as effective at dealing with very low flying attack helicopters attacking at short range with no warning as had
997:
Guidance is performed by the target tracking radar, it constantly relays target range, elevation and bearing to the fire-control computer, and on the basis of this data the computer generates the laying commands for the guns or the trajectory corrections for the missiles. A back-up tracking method
582:
system, which can detect and track targets flying as high as 3,500 metres (11,500 ft). Alongside the 1A26 digital computer and the 1G30 angle measurement system form the 1A27 radar complex. Tunguska-M has the 1RL144M radar with detection range 18 kilometres (11 mi) and tracking range 16
685:
Joint Stock
Company. The cannons are fired alternatively with a combined rate of fire of between 3,900 and 5,000 rounds per minute (1,950 to 2,500 rpm for each gun), which gives a continuous fire time of 23–30 seconds before running out of ammunition, and have a muzzle velocity of 960 metres per
423:, which were designed to be highly resistant to 23 mm cannons. Studies were conducted and demonstrated that a 30 mm cannon would require from a third to a half of the number of shells that the 23 mm cannon of the ZSU-23-4 would need to destroy a given target, and that firing at a
993:
which can engage targets at a range of 1.5 to 8 kilometres (0.93 to 4.97 mi) and to an altitude of 5 to 3,500 metres (16 to 11,483 ft) the
Tunguska-M1 uses the improved 9M311-M1 missile with an increased range of 2.5 to 10 kilometres (1.6 to 6.2 mi) and an altitude of 15 to 3,500
470:
The initial designs were completed in 1973, with pilot production completed in 1976 at the
Ulyanovsk Mechanical Factory. System testing and trials were conducted between September 1980 and December 1981 on the Donguzskiy range. It was officially accepted into service on 8 September 1982 and the
474:
After a limited production run of the original 2K22, an improved version designated 2K22M/2S6M entered service in 1990. The 2K22M featured several improvements with eight ready-to-fire missiles (four on each side) as well as modifications to the fire control programs, missiles and the general
694:
mechanism. The 2K22 can fire its cannons in two primary modes of operation, radar and optical. In radar mode, the target tracking is fully automatic, with the guns aimed using data from the radar. In optical mode, the gunner tracks the target through the 1A29 stabilized sight, with the radar
438:
The initial requirements set for the system were to achieve twice the performance in terms of range, altitude and combat effectiveness of the ZSU-23-4, additionally the system should have a reaction time no greater than 10 seconds. Due to the similarities in the fire control of artillery and
1088:
Variants of the 2K22 system have continued to serve in the Soviet and later
Russian armed forces since their initial introduction in 1984. The 2K22 has also been inducted into the armed forces of a number of foreign states, most notably India. The 2K22 has been used in the
2461:"Something very interesting; the Ukrainian Army (Most likely the 93rd Mechanized Brigade) is now confirmed to be operating a captured 2K22M/M1 "Tunguska" SPAAG; we don't know if the capture of this particular unit was previously unknown, but quite notable either way"
595:
A battery of six
Tunguska can automatically receive fire control information via an encrypted radio link, this allows targets to be distributed between individual units from a Ranzhir or PPRU battery command post, which can receive target information from either
1002:
system, consisting of 600 millimetres (24 in) long, 6 to 9 millimetres (0.24 to 0.35 in) diameter rods, which break into fragments weighing 2–3 grams (0.071–0.106 oz). The rods form a complete ring about 5 metres (16 ft) from the missile.
686:
second (2,100 mph). Bursts of between 83 and 250 rounds are fired as determined by the target type, with an engagement range between 0.2 to 4.0 kilometres (0.12 to 2.49 mi). HE-T and HE-I shells are used and fitted with an A-670 time and impact
482:
Tunguska underwent further improvement when, in 2003, the
Russian armed forces accepted the Tunguska-M1 or 2K22M1 into service. The M1 introduced the new 9M311-M1 missile, which made a number of changes allowing the 2K22M1 to engage small targets like
471:
initial version, which was designated 2K22/2S6, had four missiles in the ready to fire position (two on each side) and two 2A38 autocannons. The
Tunguska entered into limited service from 1984, when the first batteries were delivered to the army.
1071:, which is also surprisingly similar to 9M311, and this has led many in the west to claim that FK-1000 system is derived from 2K22 Tunguska, but with cheaper price tag than the latest Russian system: in comparison to the 15 million
399:
661:
combat vehicle on a GM-5975 chassis, using the 9M311-M1 missile (range: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi)) and with an improved fire control system. Passed state trials and entered service with the
Russian armed forces on 31 July 2003.
439:
missiles, it was decided that the Tunguska would be a combined gun and missile system. A combined system is more effective than the ZSU-23-4, engaging targets at long-range with missiles, and shorter range targets with guns.
1034:
radar proximity fuse for improved capability against cruise missiles. Pulsed tracking light instead of constant flare for better resistance to infrared countermeasures. Range improved to 10 kilometres (6.2 mi).
442:
In addition to KBP as the primary contractor, other members of the Soviet military-industrial complex were involved in the project; the chassis was developed at the Minsk tractor factory, the radio equipment at the
629:
Original system, with 9M311, 9M311K (3M87) or 9M311-1 missiles with a range of 8 kilometres (5.0 mi). Some of these early versions of the "Tunguska" system were known as "Treugol'nik" (Russian Треугольник—
4497:
544:
system is also integrated into the chassis, which is armored to protect it from small arms fire. an automatic gear change and diagnostic capability are available with latest Tunguska-M1 which uses the new
369:
gun and missile system. It is designed to provide day and night protection for infantry and tank regiments against low-flying aircraft, helicopters, and cruise missiles in all weather conditions. The
1516:
3888:
2215:
3560:
3195:
344:
415:", was undertaken to improve on the observed shortcomings of the ZSU-23-4 (short range and no early warning) and a counter to new ground attack aircraft in development, such as the
2138:
2023:
3065:
2438:
4512:
3098:
592:
2S6M for better communication with the command post- and monitoring equipment. The vehicle also has protection against the effects of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons.
3437:
4527:
1060:
2340:
2625:
1936:
1063:(CASIC) developed FK-1000, differs from 2K22 Tunguska in that FK-1000 is mounted on an 8 × 8 truck, and the 30 mm guns of Tunguska are replaced by 25 mm
4517:
2362:
2295:
2113:
2490:
467:. Since the reaction time of a gun system is around 8–10 seconds, compared to approximately 30 seconds for a missile-based system, development was restarted.
2388:
1526:
3058:
1100:
by Ukrainian and Russian forces. In June 2023, Ukraine ordered the repair, refurbishment, and spare parts through the International Fund for Ukraine.
1403:
1453:
2588:
2163:
1689:
2542:
2521:
2082:
1901:
1885:
1933:"2S6 2S6M 2K22 2K22M Tunguska Tunguska-M self-propelled air defense cannon missile data sheet picture – Army Recognition – Army Recognition"
4342:
3051:
2134:
451:("Antey"), guidance and navigational systems by VNII "Signal", and optics were developed by the Leningrad Optical Mechanical Association (
4089:
3867:
3853:
2618:
2015:
2409:
2192:
540:(MTZ) which has six road wheels with hydropneumatic suspension on each side, a drive sprocket at the rear and three return rollers. An
2574:
2434:
2307:
1748:
597:
2968:
613:
4502:
1097:
362:
113:
65:
2050:
2963:
2241:
1059:(similar to this system is Sky Dragon 12, SD-12, Tianlong 12 on an 8-wheel chassis, only rockets) was revealed to public. The
900:
2 stages: boost to 900 metres per second (2,000 mph), then sustained 600 metres per second (1,300 mph) stage to range
2583:
1795:
1630:
3013:
2611:
1974:
1343:
4522:
3028:
681:
30 mm cannons (as well as the later 2A38M) were designed by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau and manufactured by the
526:
2495:
Tunguska AAA/SAM short-range self propelled system (maximum range of 5.3nm), with no less than 75 units in active service
1598:
385:
Development of the 2K22 anti-aircraft system began on 8 June 1970. At the request of the Soviet Ministry of Defense, the
3018:
1932:
1331:
584:
444:
386:
146:
128:
1958:
649:
is based on the GM-352M chassis. 2F77M transporter-loader. 2F55-1, 1R10-1 and 2V110-1 repair and maintenance vehicles.
48:
3023:
1576:
2105:
4507:
3881:
2730:
2603:
2565:
2482:
2365:[Spetstechnoexport supplied Myanmar with three Tunguskas for $ 1,000 each] (in Russian). 22 September 2019
1828:
1718:
4222:
3152:
2857:
2641:
3043:
2384:
3430:
2385:"ЦАМТО / Новости / Валерий Герасимов: за пятилетний период принято на вооружение более 300 новых образцов ВиВТ"
645:
Main production system, with 9M311M (3M88) missiles and 2A38M autocannons. This integrated air defense vehicle
2267:
4212:
1770:
3838:
3553:
3188:
2937:
1090:
999:
834:
719:
608:
366:
1662:
1457:
3540:
3383:
3862:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3804:
3764:
3708:
3678:
3673:
3633:
3623:
3598:
2983:
2464:
1072:
4457:
4322:
2159:
1910:(in Russian). Балтийского Государственного Технического Университета "ВОЕНМЕХ". 2000. Archived from
1685:
394:
3074:
537:
416:
370:
37:
1911:
521:
3794:
3779:
3769:
3733:
3658:
3648:
3628:
3588:
3093:
1367:
109:
2589:
Threat Update: 2S6 Tunguska Self-Propelled Air Defense System, Red Thrust Star, April 1995 issue
2184:
588:
to fire missiles. The maximum target speed can be up to 500 metres per second (1,100 mph).
2335:
4462:
4352:
4095:
3516:
2824:
2538:
2517:
2303:
2078:
1881:
870:
617:
557:
359:
276:
62:
2513:
Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Arms and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm
4472:
4467:
4436:
3529:
3378:
2413:
2046:
923:
348:
4448:
3397:
2571:
1740:
448:
257:
4368:
4268:
4154:
4149:
4059:
4009:
3506:
3402:
2908:
2578:
1962:
671:
567:
is mounted on the rear top of the turret that when combined with the turret front mounted
1638:
4304:
4263:
4227:
4197:
4177:
4164:
4159:
4084:
4064:
4054:
4044:
4024:
4014:
3964:
3959:
3949:
3939:
3638:
3178:
3167:
3157:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3112:
3002:
2834:
1133:
1052:
550:
495:
488:
484:
464:
412:
227:
209:
about 4 m (13 ft 1 in) or about 3.35 m (10 ft) (radar stowed)
4491:
4309:
4029:
4004:
3924:
3906:
3828:
3789:
3774:
3759:
3713:
3643:
3618:
3608:
3501:
3491:
3466:
3456:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3107:
2973:
2768:
2460:
1415:
1252:
At least one captured Tunguska-M1 is operational in Ukrainian service. 75 as of 2021.
1055:
held in November 2012, a suspected Chinese derivative of 2K22 Tunguska designated as
691:
682:
576:
568:
560:
428:
282:
1849:
458:
However, development was slowed between 1975 and 1977 after the introduction of the
4442:
4418:
4293:
4288:
4257:
4252:
4237:
4202:
4187:
4079:
4074:
4049:
3944:
3910:
3848:
3511:
3496:
3471:
3372:
3360:
3245:
3082:
2918:
2773:
2634:
2598:
2216:"Ukraine Is Neutralizing Russian Air Defense Systems Ahead Of The Counteroffensive"
1803:
1478:
1270:
1017:
990:
937:
762:
541:
420:
390:
356:
1982:
2532:
2072:
1875:
986:
The system uses the same 9M311 (NATO: SA-19/SA-N-11) missile family as the naval
4454:
4432:
4391:
4319:
4314:
4283:
4232:
4217:
4192:
4144:
3918:
3914:
3749:
3698:
3578:
3521:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3461:
3414:
3366:
2978:
2913:
2711:
1283:
1012:
9M311: Original missile, laser proximity fuze, range 8 kilometres (5.0 mi).
4424:
4374:
4337:
4327:
4121:
4069:
4039:
3934:
3929:
3809:
3743:
3738:
3683:
3583:
3420:
3240:
3210:
2593:
1606:
1295:
1076:
1064:
476:
279:
491:
with a radio fuse. An additional modification afforded greater resistance to
4034:
3979:
3954:
3812:
3799:
3784:
3693:
3663:
3653:
3593:
3446:
2681:
2666:
1956:
1355:
1319:
1108:
572:
499:
432:
404:, started work on a 30mm anti-aircraft system as a replacement for the 23mm
1568:
600:
or early warning radar or in the case of the PPRU its own radar equipment.
17:
4242:
4207:
4182:
3754:
3613:
3603:
1307:
579:
492:
459:
405:
4427:
4332:
4019:
3688:
3408:
3085:
2819:
2468:
1824:
1714:
1391:
1379:
1245:
1195:
1181:
1153:
766:
754:
750:
546:
1051:: 9M311 missiles were first exported to China in 2005, and at the 9th
676:
262:
4385:
4139:
3999:
3974:
3969:
3703:
3350:
3078:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2829:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2748:
2638:
1427:
1213:
1199:
533:
424:
232:
protects the vehicle from 7.62 mm small arms fire and shell splinters
2435:"Чем будет воевать Сирия в случае агрессии стран западной коалиции?"
1741:"2S6 Tunguska 30-mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun/Missile System"
1569:"Зенитный ракетно-пушечный комплекс 2К22 "Тунгуска" (SA-19 Grison)"
4407:
4402:
4397:
4380:
4299:
4278:
4273:
4247:
4134:
4131:
4126:
3994:
3355:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2671:
1231:
1167:
1127:
1107:
975:
758:
607:
564:
520:
286:
the engine had 780hp, but it was limited to 710hp for this vehicle
4362:
4172:
4169:
4115:
4105:
3989:
3984:
3857:
3723:
3534:
3451:
3388:
3204:
3162:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2676:
2655:
1774:
987:
976:
687:
511:
452:
3047:
3000:
2935:
2855:
2728:
2653:
2607:
1877:
EW 104: Electronic Warfare Against a New Generation of Threats
1668:
2511:
1657:
1655:
244:
8 × 9M311, 9M311K, 9M311-1, 9M311M, 9M311-M1 or 57E6 missiles
1021:
system. Export version of Kashtan uses the 9M311-1E missile.
2363:"Спецтехноекспорт поставив М'янмі три "Тунгуски" по $ 1000"
905:
327:
2483:"Inside Ukraine's extensive but ageing air defence system"
172:
2K22 (Tunguska), 2K22M (Tunguska-M), 2K22M1 (Tunguska-M1)
4498:
Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapons of the Soviet Union
536:
and later GM-352M chassis developed and produced by the
1680:
1678:
1079:(SA-22), FK-1000 system is priced at 5 million dollars.
1015:
9M311K (3M87): Naval version of the 9M311 used by the
498:
by replacing the missile tracking flare with a pulsed
2534:
Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Guns of the Soviet Union
393:, under the guidance of the appointed Chief Designer
217:
4 (vehicle commander, driver, gunner, radar operator)
4351:
4104:
3897:
3880:
3837:
3722:
3569:
3552:
3429:
3187:
3092:
2782:
2741:
1667:. Moscow: Military Parade Ltd. 2001. Archived from
1432:
1420:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1324:
1312:
1300:
1288:
964:
952:
944:
929:
914:
904:
896:
888:
876:
866:
849:
841:
830:
822:
814:
809:
801:
793:
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772:
746:
738:
733:
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708:
326:
314:
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298:
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236:
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213:
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160:
152:
142:
134:
124:
119:
105:
92:
84:
79:
71:
58:
32:
2268:"UK will provide Ukraine with air defense package"
2016:"Зенитный пушечно- ракетный комплекс "Тунгуска-М""
1903:Зенитный ракетно-пушечный комплекс 2К22 "Тунгуска"
1686:"Зенитный ракетно-пушечный комплекс 2К22 Тунгуска"
1061:China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
53:2K22M "Tunguska-M" Gun/Missile Air Defense System.
2074:International Electronic Countermeasures Handbook
1202:between 2004 and 2007, and 3 from Ukraine in 2019
884:8 to 10 kilometres (5.0 to 6.2 mi) 9M311-M1)
2341:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
1709:
1707:
575:tracking radar forms the 1RL144 (NATO:Hot Shot)
1216:: more than 250 2К22s as of 2012, according to
1027:9M311M (3M88): Improved version of the missile.
1518:ЗПРК "Тунгуска-М1" ведет бой по своим правилам
1220:. 21 Tunguska-M1s were delivered in 2012–2017.
910:900 metres per second (2,000 mph) maximum
805:9M311, 9M311K, 9M311-1, 9M311M, 9M311-M1, 57E6
332:65 km/h (40 mph) maximum on the road
3059:
2619:
2296:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1525:(in Russian). ВПК-Медиа. 2008. Archived from
373:for the missile used by the weapon system is
8:
1625:
1623:
4513:Surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union
2290:
2288:
3894:
3566:
3066:
3052:
3044:
2997:
2932:
2852:
2738:
2725:
2650:
2626:
2612:
2604:
2566:Tunguska-M1 Air Defense Missile/Gun System
2185:"Air Defense: China Does It Cheaper Again"
705:
616:camouflaged with tree branches during the
47:
29:
4528:Military vehicles introduced in the 1980s
2410:"Национальная оборона / Рынки вооружений"
1975:"30 mm 2A38M Automatic Anti-Aircraft Gun"
1771:"Гусеничная машина ГМ 5975.25 (Тунгуска)"
427:(or similarly at, in case of war, NATO's
193:about 7.90 m (25 ft 11 in)
1825:"Hot Shot [RLM SOC] Acquisition"
1404:Type 87 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
475:reliability of the system, and improved
201:about 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
27:Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
2002:
1546:
1445:
1024:9M311-1: Export version of the missile.
2568:, KBP Instrument Design Bureau website
2493:from the original on 2 December 2022.
563:(10 kW power) target acquisition
463:been proven so successful in the 1973
4518:KBP Instrument Design Bureau products
2240:Swierkowski, Adam (16 October 2022).
1692:from the original on 12 November 2014
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
514:index lists the "Tunguska" system as
185:about 35,000 kg (77,000 lb)
7:
1721:from the original on 9 November 2014
1715:"ЗПРК 2К22 "Тунгуска" (СССР/Россия)"
940:with four steerable control surfaces
857:Laser fuze (Radio fuze for 9M311-M1)
1874:Adamy, David L. (1 February 2015).
1579:from the original on 18 August 2008
1248:: 70 2S6s as of 2012, according to
690:which includes an arming delay and
2049:. Air Power Australia. p. 1.
549:chassis developed and produced by
487:by replacing the eight-beam laser
25:
2572:Federation of American Scientists
2053:from the original on 15 July 2008
2026:from the original on 1 April 2015
1854:Federation of American Scientists
633:). This system is mounted on the
614:Ukrainian 30th Mechanized Brigade
2195:from the original on 13 May 2015
1751:from the original on 12 May 2015
1263:
1238:
1224:
1206:
1188:
1174:
1160:
1146:
1098:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
826:2,560 millimetres (8.40 ft)
637:integrated air defense vehicle.
532:The 2S6 combat vehicle uses the
363:self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
114:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
66:self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
2441:from the original on 2014-10-06
2391:from the original on 2017-11-07
2166:from the original on 2016-01-14
2141:from the original on 2012-11-20
2116:from the original on 2012-11-18
1939:from the original on 2013-12-13
1831:from the original on 2017-12-14
1273:: passed on to successor states
556:An electromechanically scanned
2516:. Austria: Koll. p. 276.
1850:"2S6M Anti-Aircraft Artillery"
1575:(in Russian). 3 October 2000.
1344:Flugabwehrkanonenpanzer Gepard
1234:: six 2S6М1s delivered in 2008
1096:The 2K22 has been used in the
98:
40:: SA-19 Grison, SA-N-11 Grison
1:
2531:Guardia, Mike (20 May 2015).
2459:@UAWeapons (March 17, 2022).
2106:"9M311 sold to China in 1005"
2077:. Artech House. p. 124.
2071:Putreé, Michael, ed. (2004).
1880:. Artech House. p. 125.
892:3,500 metres (11,500 ft)
2242:"Ukraińska Tunguska w akcji"
1979:KBP Instrument Design Bureau
1802:. 2006-08-11. Archived from
1605:. 2007-11-18. Archived from
1456:. Deagel.com. Archived from
1332:Air defense anti-tank system
781:KBP Instrument Design Bureau
445:Ulyanovsk Mechanical Factory
387:KBP Instrument Design Bureau
177:Specifications (Tunguska-M1)
147:Ulyanovsk Mechanical Factory
129:KBP Instrument Design Bureau
2731:Armoured personnel carriers
2302:(1st ed.). Routledge.
2047:"Russian/PLA Point Defense"
267:guns (1,904 rounds carried)
4544:
2858:Infantry fighting vehicles
2642:armoured fighting vehicles
2336:"Trade Register 1990–2019"
2045:Peter Goon (12 May 2008).
1523:Военно-промышленный курьер
1170:: Up to 80 2S6 as of 2023.
818:57 kilograms (126 lb)
657:Improved version with the
527:2008 Moscow Victory Parade
4155:SS-N-3a Shaddock 3b Sepal
3009:
2996:
2944:
2931:
2864:
2851:
2737:
2724:
2662:
2649:
2594:YouTube Tunguska-M1 Video
2537:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2300:The Military Balance 2023
1631:"SA-19 Grison / Tunguska"
1603:Encyclopedia Astronautica
1093:by Russian armed forces.
980:Illustration of the 9M311
861:
726:Place of origin
411:The project, code-named "
352:
322:500 km (310 mi)
221:
72:Place of origin
46:
2510:Koll, Christian (2009).
1902:
1796:"GM-5975 Specifications"
1517:
1030:9M311-M1: Used with the
845:9 kilograms (20 lb)
4503:Close-in weapon systems
1664:Russia's Arms 2001–2002
1184:: 12 2К22М1s as of 2012
612:A 2K22 Tunguska of the
2599:Tunguska-M1 Walkaround
1250:Military Balance 2012.
1136:
1125:
1091:2008 South Ossetia war
981:
810:Specifications (9M311)
720:Surface-to-air missile
703:Surface-to-air missile
695:providing range data.
621:
529:
447:, central computer at
256:2 × twin-barrel 30 mm
3995:SS-14 Scamp/Scapegoat
3689:SA-23 Gladiator/Giant
3634:SA-12 Gladiator/Giant
2323:Military Balance 2012
1961:June 7, 2012, at the
1671:on November 17, 2010.
1218:Military Balance 2012
1131:
1111:
979:
948:5 metres (16 ft)
611:
524:
307:Ground clearance
4523:Almaz-Antey products
4415:SSC-8 Stone KB 9M729
4412:SSC-7 Stone KS 9M728
2298:(15 February 2023).
2112:. 16 November 2012.
1529:on 26 September 2008
1428:LAV-AD (Air Defense)
1373:Soviet Union, Russia
571:(150 kW power)
4375:SSC-2 Salish/Samlet
4279:SS-N-25 Switchblade
4085:SS-X-32Zh Scalpel B
2489:. 17 January 2022.
1198:: 38 acquired from
842:Warhead weight
763:former Soviet Union
538:Minsk Tractor Plant
417:A-10 Thunderbolt II
371:NATO reporting name
38:NATO reporting name
2644:after World War II
2577:2016-09-02 at the
2437:. 30 August 2013.
1745:Military-Today.com
1368:Tor missile system
1278:Comparable systems
1137:
1126:
982:
960:2S6 combat vehicle
773:Production history
622:
530:
275:V-46 based on the
120:Production history
110:Russo-Georgian War
4508:Missile launchers
4485:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4274:SS-NX-24 Scorpion
4238:SS-N-19 Shipwreck
4188:SS-N-7 Starbright
3876:
3875:
3526:'Avtonomya' IR FF
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
2992:
2991:
2927:
2926:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2720:
2719:
2544:978-1-4728-0624-6
2523:978-3-200-01445-9
2160:"KS-1000 missile"
2084:978-1-58053-898-5
1985:on April 29, 2008
1887:978-1-60807-870-7
1284:EE-11 air defense
1140:Current operators
972:
971:
871:Solid-fuel rocket
620:, 3 December 2022
618:Battle of Bakhmut
336:
335:
41:
16:(Redirected from
4535:
4463:SSC-X-9 Stone AN
4421:Klub N/M 3M14/54
4403:SSC-X-5 Scorpion
4284:SS-N-26 Strobile
4243:SS-N-20 Sturgeon
4233:SS-N-18 Stingray
4223:SS-N-16 Stallion
4218:SS-N-15 Starfish
4165:SS-N-5 Sark/Serb
4150:SS-N-3c Shaddock
4096:SS-X-33 Stone AN
4080:SS-X-31 Sickle D
4035:SS-22 Scaleboard
3980:SS-12 Scaleboard
3895:
3805:SA-N-20 Gargoyle
3739:SA-N-2 Guideline
3567:
3530:Hermes A/M/K ATS
3403:AS-X-36 Stone AH
3367:AS-28 Strobile A
3075:NATO designation
3068:
3061:
3054:
3045:
2998:
2933:
2853:
2739:
2726:
2651:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2605:
2584:Warfare.ru SA-19
2555:
2553:
2551:
2527:
2498:
2497:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2412:. Archived from
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2292:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2214:Mittal, Vikram.
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2189:strategypage.com
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2020:structure.mil.ru
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1981:. Archived from
1971:
1965:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:on July 20, 2011
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1773:. Archived from
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1682:
1673:
1672:
1659:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1637:. Archived from
1627:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1565:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1513:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1475:
1469:
1468:
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1465:
1450:
1436:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1412:
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1398:
1388:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1257:Former operators
1244:
1242:
1241:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1122:
1116:
1049:
1048:
1007:Missile variants
968:2F77 transloader
924:Command guidance
907:
711:
706:
680:
465:Arab-Israeli War
403:
354:
347:
329:
266:
51:
42:
36:
30:
21:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4477:
4398:SSC-4 Slingshot
4354:
4347:
4343:SS-NX-38 Canyon
4289:SS-N-27 Sizzler
4253:SS-N-22 Sunburn
4248:SS-N-21 Sampson
4203:SS-N-12 Sandbox
4140:SS-N-1 Scrubber
4107:
4100:
4075:SS-X-30 Satan 2
3899:
3886:
3883:
3872:
3840:
3833:
3795:SA-N-12 Grizzly
3780:SA-N-9 Gauntlet
3725:
3718:
3684:SA-22 Greyhound
3571:
3558:
3555:
3548:
3507:AT-13 Saxhorn-2
3435:
3432:
3425:
3361:AS-27 Sunburn A
3246:AS-8 Kokon AT-6
3193:
3190:
3183:
3096:
3088:
3072:
3042:
3033:
3005:
3003:Armoured trains
2988:
2940:
2923:
2860:
2839:
2778:
2733:
2716:
2658:
2645:
2632:
2579:Wayback Machine
2562:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2530:
2524:
2509:
2506:
2501:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2458:
2457:
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2378:
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2356:
2346:
2344:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2294:
2293:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2266:
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2261:
2251:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2142:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2117:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2001:
1997:
1988:
1986:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1963:Wayback Machine
1955:
1951:
1942:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1915:
1908:New-Factoria.ru
1904:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1848:
1847:
1843:
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1754:
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1734:
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1695:
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1653:
1644:
1642:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1612:
1610:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1567:
1566:
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1541:
1532:
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1519:
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1514:
1493:
1483:
1481:
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1476:
1472:
1463:
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1452:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1430:
1418:
1406:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1334:
1322:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1280:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1239:
1237:
1225:
1223:
1207:
1205:
1189:
1187:
1175:
1173:
1161:
1159:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1086:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:Similar systems
1009:
984:
983:
957:
955:
934:
932:
919:
917:
881:
879:
862:
854:
852:
837:and steel cubes
739:In service
734:Service history
709:
704:
701:
674:
668:
655:
643:
627:
606:
508:
496:countermeasures
485:cruise missiles
397:
383:
353:2К22 "Тунгуска"
343:
319:
317:
294:Hydromechanical
285:
260:
253:
251:
241:
239:
222:
112:
85:In service
80:Service history
54:
35:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4541:
4539:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4490:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4430:
4422:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4408:SSC-6 Sennight
4405:
4400:
4395:
4389:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4366:
4359:
4357:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4335:
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4225:
4220:
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4210:
4205:
4200:
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4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4112:
4110:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4070:SS-29 Sickle C
4067:
4062:
4060:SS-27 Sickle B
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4020:SS-19 Stiletto
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3985:SS-X-13 Savage
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3903:
3901:
3892:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3851:
3845:
3843:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3815:
3807:
3802:
3800:SA-N-14 Grouse
3797:
3792:
3790:SA-N-11 Grison
3787:
3785:SA-N-10 Grouse
3782:
3777:
3775:SA-N-8 Gremlin
3772:
3767:
3765:SA-N-6 Grumble
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3741:
3736:
3730:
3728:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3674:SA-20 Gargoyle
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3649:SA-15 Gauntlet
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3584:SA-2 Guideline
3581:
3575:
3573:
3564:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3527:
3524:
3522:AT-16 Scallion
3519:
3517:АТ-15 Springer
3514:
3512:АТ-14 Spriggan
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3398:Kh-74M2 "GZUR"
3395:
3392:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3286:AS-16 Kickback
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:AS-13 Kingbolt
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3207:14Kh 18Kh RV-1
3201:
3199:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3172:K-74M2 (R-73M)
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3090:
3089:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3048:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
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2976:
2971:
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2911:
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2896:
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2871:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2835:SBA-60K2 Bulat
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2779:
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2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
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2743:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2660:
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2654:
2647:
2646:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2569:
2561:
2560:External links
2558:
2557:
2556:
2543:
2528:
2522:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2474:
2467:) – via
2451:
2426:
2401:
2376:
2354:
2327:
2315:
2309:978-1032508955
2308:
2284:
2259:
2232:
2206:
2176:
2151:
2126:
2097:
2083:
2063:
2037:
2007:
1995:
1966:
1949:
1924:
1893:
1886:
1866:
1841:
1816:
1800:MetroWagonMash
1787:
1762:
1732:
1703:
1674:
1651:
1619:
1590:
1551:
1539:
1491:
1479:"2S6 Tunguska"
1470:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1353:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1293:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1235:
1221:
1203:
1185:
1171:
1157:
1141:
1138:
1134:Ukrainian Army
1119:
1113:
1105:
1102:
1085:
1084:Combat history
1082:
1081:
1080:
1053:Zhuhai Airshow
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1000:continuous-rod
974:
973:
970:
969:
966:
962:
961:
958:
953:
950:
949:
946:
942:
941:
935:
930:
927:
926:
920:
915:
912:
911:
908:
906:Maximum speed
902:
901:
898:
894:
893:
890:
889:Flight ceiling
886:
885:
882:
877:
874:
873:
868:
864:
863:
859:
858:
855:
850:
847:
846:
843:
839:
838:
835:Continuous-rod
832:
828:
827:
824:
820:
819:
816:
812:
811:
807:
806:
803:
799:
798:
795:
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790:
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782:
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731:
730:
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723:
722:
717:
713:
712:
702:
700:
697:
667:
664:
654:
651:
642:
639:
626:
623:
605:
602:
507:
504:
489:proximity fuze
395:A. G. Shipunov
382:
379:
375:SA-19 "Grison"
367:surface-to-air
334:
333:
330:
328:Maximum speed
324:
323:
320:
315:
312:
311:
308:
304:
303:
302:Hydropneumatic
300:
296:
295:
292:
288:
287:
273:
269:
268:
254:
249:
246:
245:
242:
237:
234:
233:
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223:
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218:
215:
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207:
203:
202:
199:
195:
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191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
154:
153:Unit cost
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
117:
116:
107:
103:
102:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
60:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
34:2K22 Tunguska
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4540:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
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4466:
4464:
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4450:
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4444:
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4434:
4431:
4429:
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4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4388:Schuka KSShch
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
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4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4269:SS-N-23B Skif
4267:
4265:
4264:SS-N-23A Skif
4262:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4228:SS-N-17 Snipe
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4213:SS-N-14 Silex
4211:
4209:
4208:SS-NX-13 Serb
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4193:SS-N-8 Sawfly
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4065:SS-28 Saber 2
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4045:SS-24 Scalpel
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4010:SS-17 Spanker
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
4000:SS-15 Scrooge
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3960:SS-8B Sasin 2
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
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3896:
3893:
3890:
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3879:
3869:
3866:
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3859:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3770:SA-N-7 Gadfly
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3750:SA-N-3 Goblet
3748:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3679:SA-21 Growler
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3659:SA-17 Grizzly
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3644:SA-14 Gremlin
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3624:SA-10 Grumble
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3545:Iz 85 Kh-MD-E
3544:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3502:AT-12 Swinger
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3492:AT-10 Stabber
3490:
3488:
3487:AT-9 Spiral-2
3485:
3483:
3482:AT-8 Songster
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3467:AT-5 Spandrel
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3409:AS-37 BrahMos
3407:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:Iz 85 Kh-MD-E
3393:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3373:AS-29 Sizzler
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:AS-X-19 Koala
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3291:AS-17 Krypton
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3236:AS-6 Kingfish
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:AS-3 Kangaroo
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3175:K-77M (R-77M)
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3064:
3062:
3057:
3055:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2995:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:VPK-3927 Volk
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2546:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2452:
2440:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2416:on 2014-03-23
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2311:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2233:
2221:
2217:
2210:
2207:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2140:
2136:
2135:"FK-1000 SAM"
2130:
2127:
2115:
2111:
2110:Deccan Herald
2107:
2101:
2098:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2064:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2005:, p. 27.
2004:
1999:
1996:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1914:on 2008-10-11
1913:
1909:
1905:
1897:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1870:
1867:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1777:on 2013-12-13
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1641:on 2013-02-19
1640:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1609:on 2008-04-28
1608:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1549:, p. 39.
1548:
1543:
1540:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1460:on 2010-04-09
1459:
1455:
1454:"ЗTunguska-M"
1449:
1446:
1440:
1429:
1426:
1417:
1416:Type 95 SPAAA
1414:
1405:
1402:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1378:
1369:
1366:
1357:
1354:
1345:
1342:
1333:
1330:
1321:
1318:
1309:
1306:
1297:
1294:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1236:
1233:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1186:
1183:
1172:
1169:
1158:
1155:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1117: Current
1110:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
995:
992:
989:
978:
967:
963:
959:
951:
947:
943:
939:
936:
928:
925:
921:
913:
909:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
875:
872:
869:
865:
860:
856:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
771:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
721:
718:
714:
707:
698:
696:
693:
692:self destruct
689:
684:
683:Tulamashzavod
678:
673:
665:
663:
660:
653:2K22M1 (2003)
652:
650:
648:
640:
638:
636:
632:
624:
619:
615:
610:
603:
601:
599:
593:
589:
586:
581:
578:
577:pulse-Doppler
574:
570:
566:
562:
559:
554:
552:
548:
543:
539:
535:
528:
523:
519:
517:
513:
505:
503:
501:
497:
494:
490:
486:
480:
478:
472:
468:
466:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
440:
436:
434:
430:
429:Hawker Hunter
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
401:
396:
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
372:
368:
365:armed with a
364:
361:
358:
350:
346:
341:
340:2K22 Tunguska
331:
325:
321:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
283:diesel engine
281:
278:
274:
270:
264:
259:
255:
247:
243:
235:
231:
229:
225:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:$ 16 million
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
100:
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
74:
70:
67:
64:
61:
57:
50:
45:
39:
31:
19:
4473:Hermes K ATS
4468:Hermes M ATS
4437:SSC-5 Stooge
4369:SSC-1B Sepal
4258:SS-N-23 Skif
4198:SS-N-9 Siren
4050:SS-25 Sickle
4040:SS-23 Spider
4030:SS-21 Scarab
4005:SS-16 Sinner
3990:SS-13 Savage
3950:SS-7 Saddler
3945:SS-6 Sapwood
3930:SS-3 Shyster
3925:SS-2 Sibling
3907:SS-1 Scunner
3858:53T6 Gazelle
3849:ABM-1 Galosh
3829:Palash/Palma
3760:SA-N-5 Grail
3755:SA-N-4 Gecko
3694:SA-24 Grinch
3669:SA-19 Grison
3668:
3664:SA-18 Grouse
3654:SA-16 Gimlet
3639:SA-13 Gopher
3629:SA-11 Gadfly
3604:SA-6 Gainful
3497:AT-11 Sniper
3477:AT-7 Saxhorn
3452:AT-2 Swatter
3447:AT-1 Snapper
3379:Hermes A ATS
3351:AS-26 Kodiak
3318:Kh-59MK2S/69
3266:AS-12 Kegler
3261:AS-11 Kilter
3226:AS-4 Kitchen
3158:AA-11 Archer
3083:Soviet Union
2938:Armored cars
2919:Kurganets-25
2825:BTR Bumerang
2774:Kurganets-25
2548:. Retrieved
2533:
2512:
2504:Bibliography
2494:
2487:www.key.aero
2486:
2477:
2454:
2443:. Retrieved
2429:
2418:. Retrieved
2414:the original
2404:
2393:. Retrieved
2379:
2369:22 September
2367:. Retrieved
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2339:
2330:
2322:
2318:
2299:
2275:. Retrieved
2271:
2262:
2250:. Retrieved
2246:defence24.pl
2245:
2235:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2188:
2179:
2168:. Retrieved
2154:
2143:. Retrieved
2129:
2118:. Retrieved
2109:
2100:
2088:. Retrieved
2073:
2066:
2055:. Retrieved
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
2019:
2010:
2003:Guardia 2015
1998:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:the original
1978:
1969:
1952:
1941:. Retrieved
1927:
1916:. Retrieved
1912:the original
1907:
1896:
1876:
1869:
1857:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1833:. Retrieved
1819:
1808:. Retrieved
1804:the original
1799:
1790:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1744:
1735:
1723:. Retrieved
1694:. Retrieved
1669:the original
1663:
1643:. Retrieved
1639:the original
1634:
1611:. Retrieved
1607:the original
1602:
1593:
1581:. Retrieved
1573:Вестника ПВО
1572:
1547:Guardia 2015
1542:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:the original
1522:
1482:. Retrieved
1473:
1462:. Retrieved
1458:the original
1448:
1349:West Germany
1320:HS M09 BOV-3
1271:Soviet Union
1249:
1217:
1123: Former
1095:
1087:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1031:
1016:
996:
985:
938:rocket motor
797:1976–present
747:Used by
742:1982–present
729:Soviet Union
669:
658:
656:
646:
644:
641:2K22M (1990)
634:
630:
628:
594:
590:
555:
531:
525:Tunguska at
515:
509:
481:
473:
469:
457:
441:
437:
421:AH-64 Apache
410:
384:
374:
339:
337:
291:Transmission
164:1976–present
143:Manufacturer
97:
93:Used by
88:1982–present
75:Soviet Union
4439:Bastion P/S
4183:SS-N-6 Serb
4160:SS-N-4 Sark
4145:SS-N-2 Styx
4092:/ HGV Yu-7#
4055:SS-26 Stone
4025:SS-20 Saber
4015:SS-18 Satan
3970:SS-10 Scrag
3935:SS-4 Sandal
3699:SA-29 Gizmo
3619:SA-9 Gaskin
3599:SA-5 Gammon
3472:AT-6 Spiral
3462:AT-4 Spigot
3457:AT-3 Sagger
3417:(Kh-72) ASM
3306:AS-20 Kayak
3296:AS-18 Kazoo
3276:AS-14 Kedge
3256:AS-10 Karen
3216:AS-2 Kipper
3211:AS-1 Kennel
3168:AA-13 Arrow
3163:AA-12 Adder
3153:AA-10 Alamo
3108:AA-1 Alkali
3081:and former
2979:T-98 Kombat
2914:T-15 Armata
2712:T-14 Armata
2248:(in Polish)
1725:14 November
1696:14 November
1484:13 February
1337:Switzerland
1313:South Korea
1065:autocannons
1032:Tunguska-M1
878:Operational
675: [
506:Description
477:autocannons
398: [
381:Development
316:Operational
261: [
18:Tunguska-M1
4492:Categories
4392:SSC-3 Styx
4381:P-20 Sokol
4127:P-20 Sokol
4122:KS-1 Komet
3975:SS-11 Sego
3965:SS-9 Scarp
3955:SS-8 Sasin
3940:SS-5 Skean
3884:to-surface
3734:SA-N-1 Goa
3714:Sosna-R/RA
3614:SA-8 Gecko
3609:SA-7 Grail
3594:SA-4 Ganef
3579:SA-1 Guild
3421:BrahMos-II
3281:AS-15 Kent
3241:AS-7 Kerry
3191:to-surface
3143:AA-8 Aphid
3133:AA-6 Acrid
3113:AA-2 Atoll
3094:Air-to-air
2969:GAZ Vodnik
2830:BTR Krymsk
2445:2014-09-14
2420:2014-09-14
2395:2017-11-07
2325:, page 340
2272:Militarnyi
2170:2014-09-02
2145:2012-11-17
2120:2012-11-17
2057:2008-07-21
1989:2008-08-09
1943:2013-12-08
1918:2008-08-09
1835:2017-12-13
1810:2008-08-09
1781:2013-12-10
1645:2008-08-09
1635:Warfare.ru
1613:2008-09-04
1599:"Tunguska"
1533:2008-09-04
1464:2010-08-01
1441:References
1325:Yugoslavia
1296:Pantsir-S1
1112:Operators
1077:Pantsir-S1
897:Boost time
867:Propellant
851:Detonation
761:, Russia,
299:Suspension
4386:SSC-K P-1
4178:D-7 R-15M
4118:15Kh 17Kh
3911:SS-1 Scud
3889:full list
3841:ballistic
3813:Greyhound
3561:full list
3438:full list
3431:Anti-tank
3251:AS-9 Kyle
3231:AS-5 Kelt
3196:full list
3148:AA-9 Amos
3138:AA-7 Apex
3118:AA-3 Anab
3099:full list
2682:T-54/T-55
2550:25 August
2252:31 August
2225:31 August
2090:26 August
1859:27 August
1431:– (
1419:– (
1407:– (
1395:– (
1383:– (
1371:– (
1359:– (
1356:PZA Loara
1347:– (
1335:– (
1323:– (
1311:– (
1299:– (
1287:– (
1104:Operators
965:Transport
853:mechanism
789:1970–1980
753:, India,
670:The dual
573:monopulse
558:parabolic
500:IR beacon
479:, 2A38M.
433:Fiat G.91
345:‹See Tfd›
277:Model V-2
250:Secondary
138:1970–1980
99:Operators
4455:SSC-X-15
4449:SSC-X-11
4443:SSC-7/12
4338:SS-NX-37
4320:SS-NX-34
4315:SS-NX-33
4300:SS-NX-28
4294:SS-N-30A
4090:Avangard
3882:Surface-
3744:SA-NX-2C
3589:SA-3 Goa
3554:Surface-
3537:Izd. 305
3391:Izd. 305
3330:Kh-38/36
3128:AA-5 Ash
3123:AA-4 Awl
3086:missiles
2964:GAZ Tigr
2575:Archived
2491:Archived
2439:Archived
2389:Archived
2347:28 April
2193:Archived
2164:Archived
2139:Archived
2114:Archived
2051:Archived
2024:Archived
1959:Archived
1937:Archived
1829:Archived
1749:Archived
1747:. 2014.
1719:Archived
1690:Archived
1583:9 August
1577:Archived
1308:K30 Biho
956:platform
945:Accuracy
931:Steering
916:Guidance
802:Variants
794:Produced
786:Designed
778:Designer
699:Missiles
631:triangle
604:Variants
580:3D radar
493:infrared
460:9K33 Osa
419:and the
413:Tunguska
406:ZSU-23-4
310:17–57 cm
252:armament
240:armament
169:Variants
161:Produced
135:Designed
125:Designer
4445:3M-80MV
4428:BrahMos
4377:AS/KS-1
4355:to-ship
4333:SS-N-36
4328:SS-N-35
4310:SS-N-32
4305:SS-N-29
3921:/-C/-D)
3898:Ground-
3810:SA-N-21
3570:Ground-
3405:(Kh-76)
3311:AS-X-21
3079:Russian
3014:Yenisei
2984:Typhoon
2820:BTR-152
2783:Wheeled
2742:Tracked
2639:Russian
2469:Twitter
2277:14 June
2199:13 June
2030:13 June
1755:13 June
1392:PGL-625
1246:Ukraine
1196:Myanmar
1182:Morocco
1154:Belarus
1073:dollars
1069:KS-1000
1057:FK-1000
1047:FK-1000
991:Kashtan
831:Warhead
767:Ukraine
755:Morocco
751:Belarus
547:GM-5975
360:tracked
355:) is a
349:Russian
63:Tracked
4451:"GZUR"
4433:SSC-10
4425:SSC-13
4419:SSC-14
4394:Rubezh
4116:14KhK1
4106:Naval-
3915:Scud-A
3724:Naval-
3704:Morfey
3556:to-air
3433:guided
3415:Zirkon
3375:Club A
3179:KS-172
3029:Baikal
2959:GAZ-46
2954:BRDM-2
2949:BRDM-1
2815:BPM-97
2810:BTR-90
2805:BTR-80
2800:BTR-70
2795:BTR-60
2790:BTR-40
2749:BTR-50
2635:Soviet
2541:
2520:
2306:
2220:Forbes
2081:
1884:
1433:Canada
1380:CS/SA5
1361:Poland
1301:Russia
1289:Brazil
1268:
1243:
1229:
1214:Russia
1211:
1200:Russia
1193:
1179:
1165:
1151:
1121:
1115:
1018:Kortik
954:Launch
933:system
922:Radio
918:system
823:Length
710:9M311
569:J-band
561:E-band
534:GM-352
425:MiG-17
357:Soviet
272:Engine
228:Armour
206:Height
190:Length
4371:Redut
4353:Ship-
4296:3M-14
4260:R29RM
4108:based
3900:based
3868:A-235
3863:S-500
3854:ABM-3
3839:Anti-
3824:Redut
3726:based
3709:S-350
3572:based
3541:Kh-50
3384:Kh-50
3369:Kh-61
3363:Kh-41
3356:Kh-90
3347:Kh-50
3345:AS-25
3340:Kh-45
3336:Kh-36
3334:AS-24
3328:AS-23
3324:Kh-32
3322:AS-4M
3316:AS-22
3019:Volga
2904:BTR-T
2899:BMD-4
2894:BMD-3
2889:BMD-2
2884:BMD-1
2879:BMP-3
2874:BMP-2
2869:BMP-1
2764:GT-MU
2759:BTR-D
2754:MT-LB
2672:PT-76
2656:Tanks
2465:Tweet
1421:China
1409:Japan
1397:China
1385:China
1232:Syria
1168:India
1156:: 2S6
880:range
759:Syria
679:]
659:2S6M1
598:AWACS
565:radar
449:NIEMI
402:]
318:range
265:]
258:2А38M
198:Width
4458:Skif
4363:10Kh
4323:Skif
4173:D-6M
4135:P-47
4132:P-40
3535:LMUR
3389:LMUR
3205:10Kh
3189:Air-
3077:for
3024:Amur
2909:BMPT
2707:T-90
2702:T-80
2697:T-72
2692:T-64
2687:T-62
2677:T-44
2667:T-10
2637:and
2552:2023
2539:ISBN
2518:ISBN
2371:2019
2349:2020
2304:ISBN
2279:2023
2254:2023
2227:2023
2201:2015
2092:2023
2079:ISBN
2032:2015
1882:ISBN
1861:2023
1757:2015
1727:2014
1698:2014
1585:2008
1486:2021
1132:2S6
988:CIWS
815:Mass
716:Type
688:fuze
672:2А38
666:Guns
647:2S6M
625:2K22
516:2K22
512:GRAU
510:The
453:LOMO
391:Tula
338:The
238:Main
214:Crew
182:Mass
106:Wars
96:See
59:Type
4170:D-6
3746:M-3
2769:PTS
1075:of
635:2S6
585:IFF
551:MMZ
542:NBC
455:).
431:or
389:in
280:V12
4494::
3919:-B
3821:96
3818:9K
3411:AL
2485:.
2387:.
2338:.
2287:^
2270:.
2244:.
2218:.
2191:.
2187:.
2162:.
2137:.
2108:.
2022:.
2018:.
1977:.
1935:.
1906:.
1852:.
1827:.
1798:.
1743:.
1717:.
1706:^
1688:.
1677:^
1654:^
1633:.
1622:^
1601:.
1571:.
1554:^
1521:.
1494:^
765:,
757:,
677:ru
408:.
400:ru
377:.
351::
263:ru
4435:/
4365:N
3917:/
3913:(
3909:/
3891:)
3887:(
3856:/
3563:)
3559:(
3440:)
3436:(
3198:)
3194:(
3101:)
3097:(
3067:e
3060:t
3053:v
2627:e
2620:t
2613:v
2554:.
2526:.
2471:.
2463:(
2448:.
2423:.
2398:.
2373:.
2351:.
2312:.
2281:.
2256:.
2229:.
2203:.
2173:.
2148:.
2123:.
2094:.
2060:.
2034:.
1992:.
1946:.
1921:.
1890:.
1863:.
1838:.
1813:.
1784:.
1759:.
1729:.
1700:.
1648:.
1616:.
1587:.
1536:.
1488:.
1467:.
1435:)
1423:)
1411:)
1399:)
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1363:)
1351:)
1339:)
1327:)
1315:)
1303:)
1291:)
342:(
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