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medium level until May 2006, when activity increased dramatically, culminating in violent eruptions on 14 July 2006 and 16 August 2006. The 16 August 2006 eruption has been the most violent since activity commenced in 1999. This eruption was accompanied by a 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) high ash plume which spread over an area of 740 by 180 kilometres (460 by 110 mi), depositing ash and tephra to the southwest of the volcano. Several
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718:. All historical eruptions originated from the summit crater and have been accompanied by strong explosions, pyroclastic flows and sometimes lava flows. In the last 1,300 years Tungurahua entered every 80 to 100 years into an activity phase of which the major have been the ones of 1773, 1886 and 1916–1918.
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In 2000, after a long period of quiescence, the volcano entered an eruptive phase that continued until 2017. The renewed activity in
October 1999 produced major ashfall and led to the temporary evacuation of more than 25,000 inhabitants from Baños and the surrounding area Activity continued at a
741:
A further eruption and evacuation occurred on 4 December 2010. Ecuador's
National Agency of Risk Control issued a "red alert", later downgraded to orange. The Ecuadorean Institute for Geophysics reported a rapid increase in seismic activity, a number of explosions and an ash cloud reaching 2
832:
825:
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Today's volcanic edifice (Tungurahua III) is constructed inside its predecessor's (Tungurahua II) caldera which collapsed about 3000 (±90) years ago. The original edifice (Tungurahua I) collapsed at the end of the
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kilometres (1.2 mi) in height. Another eruption occurred on 18 December 2012 forcing evacuation of those living on the volcano's slopes. The volcano erupted again in July 2013, and again on 1 February 2014.
1331:
407:. Volcanic activity restarted on August 19, 1999, and is ongoing as of 2023, with several eruptive episodes since then, the most recent lasting from February 26 to March 16, 2016.
685:(about 4,900 metres (16,100 ft)). Tungurahua's top is snow-covered and did feature a small summit glacier which melted away after the increase of volcanic activity in 1999.
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Several elevation data between 5,016 and 5,029 m are used, 5,023 m is the one used on IGM maps. Used extremes are: 5,087 m (Stübel 1897) and 5,005 m (Neate 1994).
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were generated that killed at least five people, and destroyed a number of hamlets and roads on the eastern and northwestern slopes of the volcano.
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Arcusa, Stéphanie H.; Schneider, Tobias; Mosquera, Pablo V.; Vogel, Hendrik; Kaufman, Darrell; Szidat, Sönke; Grosjean, Martin (2020).
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tried without success to reach the summit. During their seven-year-long South
America expedition (1868 to 1876), the German
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657:(1,800 metres (5,900 ft)) which is located at its foot 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the north. Other nearby towns are
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for crater. Tungurahua is also known as "The Black Giant", and in local indigenous mythology it is allegedly referred to as
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False-color satellite image of
Tungurahua (center right, with plume of ash emanating from it) and its neighbor
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819:(Reiss with Angel Escobar; 28 November 1872) and Tungurahua (Stübel with Eusebio Rodríguez; 9 February 1873).
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show that there were major eruptions 3,034±621, 2,027±41, 1,557±177, 733±112 years ago (cal BP).
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Ruiz, M; et al. (2006). "Source constraints of
Tungurahua volcano explosion events".
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430:(fire) meaning "Throat of Fire". According to another theory it is based on the Quichua
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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1332:"Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador spews huge ash plume forcing hundreds from their homes"
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With its elevation of 5,023 metres (16,480 ft), Tungurahua just over tops the
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653:(5,319 metres (17,451 ft)). It rises above the small thermal springs town of
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1164:"Late Holocene tephrostratigraphy from Cajas National Park, southern Ecuador"
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669:(30 kilometres (19 mi) to the southwest). Tungurahua is part of the
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Panorama of
Tungurahua from Baños, one week before the 2012 eruptions
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of central
Ecuador, 140 kilometres (87 mi) south of the capital
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IG-EPN (Instituto
Geofisico Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Ecuador).
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Note: volcanoes are ordered by latitude from north to south
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Tungurahua 5,023 metres (16,480 ft) is located in the
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1254:"Volcano known as the 'Throat of Fire' erupts in Ecuador"
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1314:"Ecuador's Tungurahua volcano threatens local villages"
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Study of volcanic ash layers deposited in the lakes of
1535:
Climbing information for
Tungurahua on summitpost.org
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IGM (Instituto
Geografico Militar, Ecuador) (1989).
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1296:"Tungurahua volcano prompts evacuation in Ecuador"
786:Tungurahua spews hot lava and ash at night, 1999
403:. The volcano gives its name to the province of
1358:"Eruption of the Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador"
661:(30 kilometres (19 mi) to the northwest),
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1033:"In the shadow of the Tungurahua volcano"
800:In June 1802, the Prussian-born explorer
1198:"Ecuadoreans Wait Uneasily On Volcanoes"
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391:(fire), "Throat of Fire") is an active
1382:. Munich: C. H. Beck. pp. 56‒57.
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1052:"Tungurahua volcano erupts in Ecuador"
7:
1540:Banos Ecuador Weather | Daily Report
649:(6,263 metres (20,548 ft)) and
1252:CNN Wire Staff (5 December 2010).
1070:National Museum of Natural History
600:
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14:
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415:According to one theory the name
19:For the Ecuadorian province, see
2236:Geography of Tungurahua Province
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645:. Nearby notable mountains are
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1450:. Expedition Advisory Centre.
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1:
2256:Five-thousanders of the Andes
1216:"Volcán Tungurahua - Ecuador"
96:5,023 m (16,480 ft)
924:List of volcanoes in Ecuador
702:Historical volcanic activity
106:1,554 m (5,098 ft)
1448:Mountaineering in the Andes
1233:Kramer, Jack (2006-08-16).
1093:Schmudlach, Günter (2001).
706:Tungurahua's eruptions are
2274:
2231:Stratovolcanoes of Ecuador
1066:"Global Volcanism Program"
991:"Baños Ecuador, CT-ÑIV-D1"
18:
2209:
1493:10.1007/s00445-005-0023-8
1072:. Smithsonian Institution
69:
39:This article needs to be
1183:10.5027/andgeoV47n3-3301
1054:. NBC News. 19 Aug 2012.
965:Global Volcanism Program
729:Recent volcanic activity
419:is a combination of the
1468:Bulletin of Volcanology
1218:. IGEPN. Archived from
1147:. IGEPN. Archived from
1125:. IGEPN. Archived from
970:Smithsonian Institution
929:List of stratovolcanoes
438:("Mother Tungurahua").
1989:Southern Volcanic Zone
1775:Andagua volcanic field
1583:Northern Volcanic Zone
1411:. Editorial Ediguias.
1407:Gómez, Nelson (1994).
1380:Alexander von Humboldt
1097:. Panico Alpinverlag.
802:Alexander von Humboldt
723:El Cajas National Park
333:
270:Northern Volcanic Zone
2167:Austral Volcanic Zone
2093:Puyehue-Cordón Caulle
1765:Huambo volcanic field
1716:Central Volcanic Zone
442:Geography and geology
327:
2251:Subduction volcanoes
2246:Andean Volcanic Belt
1702:Licto volcanic field
1523:at Wikimedia Commons
1446:Neate, Jill (1994).
1362:CIMSS Satellite Blog
1016:"Tungurahua volcano"
671:Sangay National Park
617:class=notpageimage|
315:Scrambling/Snow/Ice
1485:2006BVol...68..480R
1320:. 18 December 2012.
1039:. 7 September 2006.
772:Tungurahua at night
758:Tungurahua eruption
655:Baños de Agua Santa
635:Cordillera Oriental
620:Major volcanoes in
397:Cordillera Oriental
208:Cordillera Oriental
167:English translation
142: /
21:Tungurahua Province
2088:Carrán-Los Venados
2033:Nevados de Chillán
2018:Descabezado Grande
1302:. 4 December 2010.
1280:has generic name (
1095:Bergführer Ecuador
919:Lists of volcanoes
334:
146:1.4700°S 78.4447°W
86:Highest point
16:Volcano in Ecuador
2218:
2217:
2028:Nevado de Longaví
1970:Cueros de Purulla
1950:Cordón del Azufre
1612:Nevado del Tolima
1519:Media related to
1409:Atlas del Ecuador
1389:978-3-406-73436-6
1145:Volcán Tungurahua
1123:Volcán Tungurahua
793:
792:
736:pyroclastic flows
322:
321:
151:-1.4700; -78.4447
60:
59:
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2241:Active volcanoes
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2083:Mocho-Choshuenco
1617:Nevado del Huila
1576:Andean volcanoes
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1430:. Archived from
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1235:"Volcano Erupts"
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897:Volcanoes portal
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80:(September 2011)
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1910:Aguas Calientes
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1477:Springer-Verlag
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1364:. 14 July 2013.
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1338:. 15 July 2013
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1222:on 2005-09-07.
1207:
1202:New York Times
1189:
1176:(3): 508–528.
1169:Andean Geology
1154:
1151:on 2005-12-16.
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1129:on 2006-01-16.
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1018:. 19 Feb 2018.
1007:
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2123:Michinmahuida
2121:
2119:
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2111:
2109:
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2099:
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2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
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1987:
1981:
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1968:
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1965:San Francisco
1963:
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1933:
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1908:
1906:
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1898:
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1878:
1876:
1875:Aucanquilcha
1873:
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1756:
1755:Hualca Hualca
1753:
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1748:
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1738:
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1733:
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1598:
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1587:
1585:(6° N – 3° S)
1581:
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1570:
1565:
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1457:0-907649-64-5
1453:
1449:
1444:
1434:on 2006-08-24
1433:
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1418:9978-89-009-2
1414:
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1376:Daum, Andreas
1371:
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1278:|author=
1271:
1255:
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1226:
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1208:
1204:. 1999-11-28.
1203:
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1106:
1104:3-926807-82-2
1100:
1096:
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1058:
1053:
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1038:
1034:
1028:
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997:on 2008-12-19
996:
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873:
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859:
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845:
840:
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827:
820:
818:
814:
813:Wilhelm Reiss
810:
807:
803:
795:
782:
777:
768:
763:
754:
749:
747:
746:
743:
739:
737:
728:
726:
724:
719:
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676:
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664:
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628:
623:
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593:
577:
561:
545:
529:
513:
497:
481:
465:
451:
441:
439:
437:
433:
429:
426:(throat) and
425:
422:
418:
410:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:stratovolcano
390:
387:(throat) and
386:
383:
377:
338:
332:(center left)
331:
326:
318:
314:
312:
310:Easiest route
306:
303:
302:Wilhelm Reiss
299:
295:
293:
289:
284:
280:
278:
277:Last eruption
274:
271:
268:
266:
262:
257:
253:
252:Stratovolcano
250:
248:
247:Mountain type
244:
240:
237:
235:
231:
226:
222:
220:
216:
213:
209:
206:
204:
198:
195:
192:
188:
183:
180:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
155:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
113:
109:
105:
103:
99:
95:
93:
89:
84:
79:
73:
68:
63:
54:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
2073:Quetrupillán
1935:Llullaillaco
1800:Huaynaputina
1696:
1527:(in Spanish)
1472:
1466:
1447:
1436:. Retrieved
1432:the original
1428:"Tungurahua"
1408:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1258:. Retrieved
1247:
1238:
1228:
1220:the original
1210:
1201:
1192:
1173:
1167:
1157:
1149:the original
1144:
1135:
1127:the original
1122:
1113:
1094:
1074:. Retrieved
1069:
1060:
1046:
1036:
1010:
999:. Retrieved
995:the original
984:
973:. Retrieved
963:
960:"Tungurahua"
954:
945:
911:Andes portal
799:
796:First ascent
740:
732:
720:
705:
692:
680:
632:
479:
435:
431:
427:
423:
416:
414:
388:
384:
336:
335:
292:First ascent
281:2000 to 2017
241:(Gomez 1994)
202:Parent range
51:October 2020
48:
40:
2169:(49°–55° S)
2153:Mate Grande
2003:Tupungatito
1991:(33°–46° S)
1870:Olca-Paruma
1865:Irruputuncu
1855:Tata Sabaya
1795:Pichu Pichu
1725:Quimsachata
1718:(14°–27° S)
1602:Cerro Bravo
1479:: 480–490.
708:Strombolian
234:Age of rock
149: /
124:Coordinates
2225:Categories
2113:Hornopirén
2098:Casablanca
2068:Villarrica
2063:Sollipulli
2023:Cerro Azul
1895:Licancabur
1890:Sairecabur
1850:Guallatiri
1840:Parinacota
1820:Purupuruni
1730:Auquihuato
1697:Tungurahua
1692:Chimborazo
1652:Reventador
1627:Doña Juana
1521:Tungurahua
1438:2006-08-18
1260:5 December
1256:. CNN Wire
1141:"Historia"
1119:"Geología"
1076:2023-11-25
1001:2008-01-26
975:2009-01-01
937:References
647:Chimborazo
608:Chimborazo
576:Reventador
480:Tungurahua
417:Tungurahua
405:Tungurahua
337:Tungurahua
330:Chimborazo
137:78°26′41″W
102:Prominence
76:View from
65:Tungurahua
2133:Corcovado
2053:Lonquimay
2013:Calabozos
1998:Tupungato
1975:Incahuasi
1940:Lastarria
1920:Chiliques
1760:Sabancaya
1740:Sara Sara
1657:Pichincha
1592:Paipa-Iza
1501:129877389
1270:cite news
689:Volcanism
683:snow line
560:Pichincha
411:Etymology
259:Volcanic
185:Geography
134:1°28′12″S
92:Elevation
2201:Fueguino
2186:Aguilera
2138:Mentolat
2048:Callaqui
1885:Zapaleri
1815:Yucamane
1810:Tutupaca
1780:Chachani
1750:Coropuna
1745:Solimana
1687:Quilotoa
1682:Cotopaxi
1677:Illiniza
1662:Antisana
1378:(2019).
1318:BBC News
1300:BBC News
1037:BBC News
841:See also
817:Cotopaxi
815:climbed
712:andesite
667:Riobamba
651:El Altar
629:Location
544:Antisana
528:Illiniza
512:Cotopaxi
496:Quilotoa
296:1873 by
286:Climbing
254:(active)
239:Holocene
219:Topo map
190:Location
78:Riobamba
2176:Lautaro
2128:Chaitén
2108:Calbuco
2043:Copahue
1960:Peinado
1945:Lazufre
1930:Socompa
1835:Taapaca
1805:Ticsani
1647:Cayambe
1637:Azufral
1632:Galeras
1597:Romeral
1481:Bibcode
1342:15 July
677:Glacier
637:of the
622:Ecuador
592:Cayambe
424:tunguri
421:Quichua
401:Ecuador
385:tunguri
382:Quichua
380:; from
228:Geology
194:Ecuador
179:Quechua
112:Listing
41:updated
2196:Burney
2191:Reclus
2181:Viedma
2158:Hudson
2118:Huequi
2103:Osorno
2058:Llaima
2038:Antuco
1925:Aracar
1915:Lascar
1905:Pacana
1880:Azufre
1860:Isluga
1830:Tacora
1825:Casiri
1790:Ubinas
1770:Ampato
1735:Firura
1707:Sangay
1642:Chiles
1622:Puracé
1499:
1454:
1415:
1386:
1101:
716:dacite
659:Ambato
464:Sangay
162:Naming
2078:Lanín
2008:Maipo
1955:Galán
1845:Lauca
1785:Misti
1672:Soche
1667:Aliso
1497:S2CID
1475:(5).
663:Baños
643:Quito
639:Andes
432:uraua
428:rahua
389:rahua
212:Andes
117:Ultra
2148:Macá
1452:ISBN
1413:ISBN
1384:ISBN
1344:2013
1282:help
1262:2010
1099:ISBN
811:and
774:2011
714:and
665:and
300:and
265:belt
2143:Cay
1489:doi
1178:doi
399:of
261:arc
2227::
1495:.
1487:.
1473:68
1471:.
1360:.
1334:.
1316:.
1298:.
1274::
1272:}}
1268:{{
1237:.
1200:.
1174:47
1172:.
1166:.
1143:.
1121:.
1085:^
1068:.
1035:.
1024:^
968:.
962:.
698:.
673:.
367:ɑː
317:PD
210:,
1568:e
1561:t
1554:v
1503:.
1491::
1483::
1460:.
1441:.
1421:.
1392:.
1346:.
1284:)
1264:.
1241:.
1186:.
1180::
1107:.
1079:.
1041:)
1004:.
978:.
376:/
373:ə
370:w
364:r
361:ˈ
358:ʊ
355:ɡ
352:ŋ
349:ʊ
346:t
343:/
339:(
263:/
53:)
49:(
43:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
