360:
248:
276:
290:
338:
323:
262:
349:
370:
The Turks in
Tunisia were traditionally a privileged élite in Tunisia who held positions in the military and the bureaucracy. However, by the nineteenth century, marriages with the local population linked the ruling families to indigenous notables. At this time, many Turks also turned to commerce and
1084:
Throughout North Africa, from Oran to Tunis, one encounters everywhere, in the town as in the country, the distinct traits which mark the seven races which make up the native population: the Moors, the
Berbers, the Arabs, the Negreos, the Jews, the Turks and the Kouloughlis… descendants of Turks and
152:
would invade the country. Thus, during the
Ottoman rule, the Turkish community dominated the political life of the region for centuries; as a result, the ethnic mix of Tunisia changed considerably with the continuous migration of Turks from
1597:
1531:
3046:
3136:
3199:
956:
461:
2333:
157:, as well as other parts of the Ottoman territories, for over 300 years. In addition, some Turks intermarried with the local population and their male offspring were called "
2097:"La biographie familiale comme source de connaissance historique : Le cas de la famille Ben Romdhan de Mahdia (Sahel tunisien) à l'époque coloniale et post-colonial"
2974:
2190:
903:
542:
3204:
3001:
873:
375:(the Bazaar of the Turks), where a considerable number of merchants of Turkish ancestry emerged. The Turks also entered the corps of artisans. The
2326:
591:
3098:
3041:
664:
641:
1559:
1039:
2183:
2979:
359:
3209:
3056:
2991:
2385:
1644:
770:
247:
1891:
Brunschvig, Robert (1965), "Justice religieuse et justice laïque dans la
Tunisie des Deys et des Beys: jusqu'au milieu du XIXesiècle",
1740:
1474:
1336:
960:
308:
237:
rule of
Tunisia, which still survives among the Turkish-descended families today. Traditionally, Turco-Tunisian mosques have octagonal
2319:
2008:
1989:
1951:
1862:
1698:
1262:
1147:
3194:
2816:
1098:
161:". Consequently, the terms "Turks" and "Kouloughlis" were used to distinguish between those of full and partial Turkish ancestry.
275:
3168:
2176:
1766:
1427:
2405:
289:
387:
such as the Hamza, Turki, Gazdagli, Agha, and Snène families. Other prominent
Tunisian families of Turkish origin include the
2242:
2085:
2066:
2027:
1970:
1928:
1881:
1666:"Le LEADERS TAHAR SFAR CO-FONDATEUR AVEC BOURGUIBA DU PARTI TUNISIEN NEO-DESTOUR FUT DE 1925 à 1928 UN ETUDIANT EXCEPTIONNEL"
1508:
1077:
893:
3051:
3066:
717:
1665:
1618:
3061:
2879:
488:
3103:
2755:
2663:
1509:"[Il ritratto] Afef, le quarte nozze, i milioni e quei veleni da scansare. Il potere riservato di una ribelle"
1291:
3115:
3093:
2230:
3088:
330:
3073:
2715:
2445:
2381:
2295:
2235:
1119:
898:
2996:
1532:"Les pionniers du théâtre et de la TV en Tunisie-Mohamed Lahbib : le kawkeb du théâtre arabe en Tunisie"
452:
3151:
3016:
2986:
2788:
2433:
2428:
2258:
2220:
2199:
908:
582:
475:
497:
432:
3120:
2837:
2710:
2528:
1719:
821:
550:
520:
3026:
2946:
2636:
2613:
1850:
376:
253:
148:
took control and settled in the region when
Tunisia's inhabitants called for help due to fears that the
2133:
684:
632:
457:
261:
655:
533:
399:
3163:
3110:
3083:
2745:
2396:
2225:
626:
563:
480:
207:
778:
731:
708:
617:
2956:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2832:
2478:
2450:
2207:
1563:
1043:
690:
611:
587:
388:
372:
281:
864:
696:
649:
507:
421:
3141:
2863:
2853:
2545:
2345:
2275:
1908:
858:
826:
761:
672:
605:
555:
410:
326:
295:
267:
2889:
2783:
2773:
2730:
2486:
2290:
2081:
2062:
2023:
2004:
1985:
1982:
Etudiants de l'exil : Migrations internationales et universités refuges (XVIe-XXe siècle)
1966:
1947:
1924:
1877:
1858:
1143:
1073:
737:
660:
182:
1453:
525:
3173:
3078:
2951:
2700:
2695:
2683:
2673:
2668:
2658:
2653:
2575:
2555:
2540:
2491:
2455:
2415:
2377:
2285:
2215:
2148:
1900:
1826:
1792:
1770:
1744:
1431:
1340:
913:
749:
743:
492:
203:
126:
64:
1266:
637:
404:
3146:
3036:
3031:
3006:
2941:
2806:
2778:
2740:
2725:
2720:
2688:
2678:
2645:
2535:
2523:
2460:
2440:
2410:
2039:"Osmanlı Yönetimi Döneminde Tunus ve Cezayir'in Eğitim ve Kültür Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış"
1069:
755:
446:
315:
118:
110:
74:
69:
2858:
2038:
538:
2910:
2905:
2884:
2811:
2735:
2705:
2618:
2592:
2587:
2550:
2369:
2355:
2342:
1940:
918:
621:
599:
576:
568:
380:
311:
234:
222:
219:
170:
149:
145:
134:
3188:
3011:
2750:
2511:
852:
834:
797:
791:
783:
713:
469:
393:
352:
337:
3021:
2423:
2020:
The
Tunisian Ulama 1873-1915: Social Structure and Response to Ideological Currents
803:
702:
426:
1362:
322:
1942:
Africa's "Agitators": Militant Anti-colonialism in Africa and the West, 1918-1939
1263:"Asma Belkhodja-Rébaï, une pionnière du mouvement féministe tunisien (1930-2011)"
869:
512:
437:
415:
3156:
2966:
2580:
2263:
888:
846:
809:
725:
363:
341:
158:
89:
766:
2516:
1837:
Akar, Metin (1993), "Fas Arapçasında Osmanlı Türkçesinden Alınmış Kelimeler",
1622:
1205:
1006:
840:
815:
678:
1999:
Granara, William (2010), "Ali al-Du'aji (1909-1949)", in Allen, Roger (ed.),
2311:
2152:
1830:
1817:
Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1982), "The
Tunisian state in the eighteenth century",
501:
307:
2096:
348:
2168:
1363:"Umarım yakında bütün Arap kadınları Tunuslularla aynı haklara sahip olur"
154:
1495:
Catégories de la société tunisoise dans la deuxième moitié du XIX siècle
2373:
2268:
1912:
238:
189:), although there are also many living within central Tunisia as well.
138:
46:
384:
226:
186:
178:
36:
1904:
1402:
Dictionnaire illustré de La
Tunisie : choses et gens de Tunisie
1497:, éd. Institut national d'archéologie et d'art, Tunis, 1989, p. 235
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1160:
1158:
1140:
Language Conflict in Algeria: From Colonialism to Post-Independence
2280:
358:
347:
336:
321:
306:
230:
174:
41:
3047:
Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations
1007:"Vient de paraître "Tribus : des origines à la dislocation""
2109:Özdemir, Hikmet (1990), "Tunus ve Civarında Yaşayan Türkçemiz",
3137:
Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire
2315:
2172:
1475:"La princesse Nazli Fadhel en Tunisie: une figure moderniste"
500:, resistant of the French occupation, opponent of President
1099:"Le Monde Arabe et la Turquie: les prémices d'une entente"
2161:
Diversité culturelle et dialogue interculturel en Tunisie
2134:"Essai de psychanalyse des protectorats nord-africains"
1921:
Dictionnaire des Auteurs Maghrébins de Langue Française
1598:"Chafia Rochdy : la voix cristalline venue du Sud"
383:
origin, claim much of the notable Tunisian families of
957:"Turks in northern Africa yearn for Ottoman ancestors"
1175:
1173:
173:
origin live mainly near the coastal cities, such as
3129:
2965:
2919:
2898:
2872:
2846:
2825:
2799:
2766:
2643:
2631:
2606:
2566:
2502:
2469:
2393:
2364:
2352:
2251:
2206:
1720:"Tunisian women Yesterday and Today: Nejia Thameur"
83:
55:
27:
2163:, Commission nationale tunisienne pour l'éducation
1939:
1819:Revue de l'Occident musulman et de la Méditerranée
1292:"Histoire et repères: Grandes figures tunisiennes"
2975:Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction
144:In 1534, with about 10,000 Turkish soldiers, the
1619:"Hommages 2012: Hichem Rostom , Acteur Tunisien"
3200:Ethnic Turkish people by country of citizenship
904:Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire
241:. Examples of Ottoman-Turkish mosques include:
202:In 2012 the Tunisian government introduced the
2046:Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
2001:Essays in Arabic Literary Biography: 1850-1950
939:
734:, pioneer of theater and television in Tunisia
2327:
2184:
1285:
1283:
1236:
950:
948:
137:who constitute one of the minority groups in
8:
1872:Brett, Michael; Fentress, Elizabeth (1997),
1388:
1164:
22:
2124:Khereddine: Ministre Réformateur, 1873-1877
699:, pioneer of the Tunisian feminist movement
579:, pioneer of the Tunisian feminist movement
2361:
2334:
2320:
2312:
2191:
2177:
2169:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
21:
3007:1956–1989 Assimilation of Bulgarian Turks
3002:Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951)
2057:Hourani, Albert; Ruthven, Malise (2002),
1980:Ferté, Patric; Barrera, Caroline (2010),
1643:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.
1560:"TUNISIE. Où s'arrêtera Sakhr El Materi?"
1404:, éd. C. Saliba aîné, Tunis, 1912, p. 157
2992:1944 Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks
1583:
1261:Union Nationale de la Femme Tunisienne.
1963:Femme, Culture et Créativité en Tunisie
1684:
1413:
1322:
1191:
932:
243:
3099:National Socialist Underground murders
3042:Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre
2076:Jacobs, Daniel; Morris, Peter (2002),
1645:"Sultans Are No Sultans: Mourad Salem"
1224:
1206:"Ahmed Abdelkefi, la machine à idées!"
1025:
992:
980:
225:brought with them the teaching of the
1310:
1248:
1179:
1142:, Multilingual Matters, p. 186,
7:
2980:Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)
1984:, Presses Universitaires du Mirail,
28:Regions with significant populations
1899:, Maisonneuve & Larose: 27–70,
1767:"Yahia Ben Mahmoud El Hajjem Turki"
1127:, Université de Montréal, p. 7
114:
3205:Tunisian people of Turkish descent
14:
1855:Dictionary Of Modern Arab History
1121:Mahdia : histoire et société
861:, Minister of Justice (1936–1943)
818:, nationalist leader and Minister
3169:Turks in the former Soviet Union
1066:The spell of Algeria and Tunisia
746:, former soldier and businessman
288:
274:
260:
246:
2126:, Maison Tunisenne de l'Édition
344:is a fashion model and actress.
2920:Diaspora in Post-Soviet States
894:History of Ottoman-era Tunisia
1:
3067:Assassination of Galip Balkar
3057:Assassination of Orhan Gündüz
2059:A History of the Arab Peoples
1946:, Columbia University Press,
1839:Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi
693:, Fenerbahçe football manager
371:the crafts, initially in the
3062:Assassination of Erkut Akbay
2800:Diaspora in the Persian Gulf
2061:, Harvard University Press,
2003:, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
1493:Mohamed El Aziz Ben Achour,
681:, literary and cultural icon
489:Al-Husayn I ibn Ali at-Turki
3052:Assassination of Taha Carım
837:, writer and radio producer
602:, journalist and politician
3226:
3210:Turkish diaspora in Africa
3116:Banya Bashi Mosque clashes
3094:1993 Solingen arson attack
2111:Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları
2078:The Rough Guide to Tunisia
1938:Derrick, Jonathan (2008),
1138:Benrabah, Mohamed (2013),
940:Hourani & Ruthven 2002
740:, physician and politician
208:Tunisian secondary schools
3089:1991 Altun Kupri massacre
2847:Diaspora in South America
2767:Diaspora in North America
2018:Green, Arnold H. (1978),
1961:Ferchiou, Sophie (2001),
1507:Sanna, Cristiano (2019).
1237:Brett & Fentress 1997
1118:Delarosbil, Dave (2006),
1064:Miltoun, Francis (1985),
355:was a singer and actress.
331:Prime Minister of Tunisia
185:and the islands (such as
88:
60:
32:
3195:Ethnic groups in Tunisia
3074:1983 Orly Airport attack
2382:Turkish Cypriot diaspora
2037:Hizmetli, Sabri (1953),
1389:Ferté & Barrera 2010
1165:Jacobs & Morris 2002
899:Tunisia-Turkey relations
314:was a co-founder of the
3152:Turks in the Arab world
3017:Bloody Christmas (1963)
2987:Kirkuk Massacre of 1924
2200:Demographics of Tunisia
2153:10.3406/polit.1954.2634
2132:Puaux, Gabriel (1954),
2095:Khouaja, Ahmed (1962),
1831:10.3406/remmm.1982.1939
909:Turks in the Arab world
812:, former prime minister
504:, human rights activist
453:Hassan Hosni Abdelwaheb
16:Ethnic group in Tunisia
3121:Iraqi Turkmen genocide
3104:Murder of Enver Şimşek
2873:Diaspora in South Asia
2406:Bosnia and Herzegovina
476:Saloua Tarzi Ben Attia
367:
356:
345:
334:
319:
130:
122:
3079:1989 Fergana massacre
3027:Afrikaanderwijk riots
2899:Diaspora in East Asia
2122:Smida, Mongi (1971),
1923:, KARTHALA Editions,
1919:Déjeux, Jean (1984),
1337:"Mahmoud Ben Mahmoud"
498:Mohamed Salah Baratli
362:
351:
340:
325:
310:
254:Hammouda Pacha Mosque
3164:Turks in the Balkans
3111:2004 Cologne bombing
3084:1990 Komotini events
3012:1959 Kirkuk massacre
2817:United Arab Emirates
2353:Traditional areas of
1697:Arab Women Writers.
1511:. Tiscali Spettacoli
822:Mustapha Kamel Tarzi
794:, singer and actress
687:, medical researcher
551:Mohamed Taieb Bayram
2826:Diaspora in Oceania
2567:Turkish minorities
2503:Turkish minorities
2470:Turkish minorities
2394:Turkish minorities
2365:Turkish majorities:
2141:Politique étrangère
1876:, Wiley-Blackwell,
1454:"Abderrahman Dziri"
728:, model and actress
691:Mustafa Elkatipzade
612:Mahmoud Ben Mahmoud
282:Mosque of the Turks
24:
3142:Turkish population
2997:Gavurbağı massacre
2632:Diaspora in Africa
1791:Toute la Tunisie.
1765:Toute la Tunisie.
1739:Toute la Tunisie.
1718:Women of Tunisia.
1617:Festival Tetouan.
1426:Toute la Tunisie.
1335:Toute la Tunisie.
1040:"Levanten Türkler"
859:Abdeljelil Zaouche
722:, theatre director
673:Mustapha Dinguizli
606:Mohamed Bach Hamba
583:M'hammed Belkhodja
573:, religious cleric
560:, religious cleric
530:, religious cleric
517:, religious cleric
377:Ben Romdhan family
368:
357:
346:
335:
327:Mustapha Dinguizli
320:
296:Youssef Dey Mosque
268:Sidi Mahrez Mosque
3182:
3181:
2627:
2626:
2309:
2308:
2101:La pensée sauvage
738:Mahmoud El Materi
685:Abderrahman Dziri
633:Mahmoud Bourguiba
491:, founder of the
95:
94:
3217:
3174:Turkish diaspora
2569:in North Africa:
2556:Turkmen Mountain
2472:in the Caucasus:
2362:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2313:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2170:
2164:
2155:
2138:
2127:
2118:
2104:
2090:
2080:, Rough Guides,
2071:
2053:
2043:
2032:
2013:
1994:
1975:
1956:
1945:
1933:
1915:
1886:
1867:
1853:, Robin (2012),
1846:
1833:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1769:. Archived from
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1743:. Archived from
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1621:. Archived from
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1562:. Archived from
1555:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1430:. Archived from
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1339:. Archived from
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1265:. Archived from
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1168:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1042:. Archived from
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1002:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
971:
969:
968:
959:. Archived from
952:
943:
937:
914:Turks in Algeria
877:
830:
787:
774:
750:Sakher El Materi
744:Moncef El Materi
721:
668:
656:Béchir Dinguizli
645:
595:
572:
559:
546:
534:Mohamed Bayram V
529:
516:
493:Husainid Dynasty
484:
465:
441:
431:, Mamis and the
430:
419:
408:
397:
292:
278:
264:
250:
204:Turkish language
123:Turcs de Tunisie
116:
101:, also known as
99:Turks in Tunisia
25:
23:Turks in Tunisia
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3147:Turks in Europe
3125:
3037:Tochni massacre
3032:Revival Process
2961:
2915:
2894:
2868:
2842:
2821:
2795:
2762:
2639:
2623:
2602:
2568:
2562:
2504:
2498:
2471:
2465:
2446:North Macedonia
2395:
2389:
2378:Northern Cyprus
2354:
2348:
2340:
2310:
2305:
2247:
2231:Catholic Church
2202:
2197:
2167:
2159:UNESCO (2009),
2158:
2136:
2131:
2121:
2108:
2094:
2088:
2075:
2069:
2056:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2017:
2011:
1998:
1992:
1979:
1973:
1960:
1954:
1937:
1931:
1918:
1905:10.2307/1595254
1893:Studia Islamica
1890:
1884:
1871:
1865:
1849:
1836:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1797:
1795:
1793:"Zoubeïr Turki"
1790:
1789:
1785:
1776:
1774:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1750:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1724:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1701:
1699:"Najiya Thamir"
1696:
1695:
1691:
1683:
1679:
1670:
1668:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1628:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1492:
1488:
1479:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1458:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1437:
1435:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1376:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1346:
1344:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1272:
1270:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1210:
1208:
1204:Tunisia Today.
1203:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1171:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1124:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1080:
1072:, p. 129,
1070:Darf Publishers
1063:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1005:Tunisia Today.
1004:
1003:
999:
991:
987:
979:
975:
966:
964:
955:Today's Zaman.
954:
953:
946:
938:
934:
929:
885:
867:
824:
781:
764:
756:Tahar El Materi
711:
658:
635:
627:Hassen Bouhajeb
585:
566:
564:Ahmed Belkhodja
553:
536:
523:
521:M'hammed Bayram
510:
478:
455:
447:Ahmed Abdelkefi
435:
424:
413:
402:
391:
316:Young Tunisians
305:
298:
293:
284:
279:
270:
265:
256:
251:
216:
200:
195:
167:
103:Turco-Tunisians
79:
70:Tunisian Arabic
51:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3223:
3221:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2971:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2789:South Carolina
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2751:United Kingdom
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2664:Czech Republic
2661:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2508:
2506:
2505:in the Levant:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2434:Western Thrace
2431:
2426:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2397:in the Balkans
2391:
2390:
2386:Mainland Turks
2368:
2366:
2359:
2350:
2349:
2343:Turkish people
2341:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2173:
2166:
2165:
2156:
2129:
2119:
2106:
2103:, C.L. Strauss
2092:
2086:
2073:
2067:
2054:
2034:
2028:
2015:
2010:978-3447061414
2009:
1996:
1991:978-2810700103
1990:
1977:
1971:
1958:
1953:978-0231700566
1952:
1935:
1929:
1916:
1888:
1882:
1869:
1864:978-1136162985
1863:
1847:
1834:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1783:
1757:
1731:
1710:
1689:
1677:
1656:
1635:
1609:
1588:
1576:
1543:
1522:
1499:
1486:
1465:
1444:
1418:
1406:
1400:Paul Lambert,
1393:
1374:
1353:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1279:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1196:
1184:
1169:
1154:
1149:978-1847699664
1148:
1130:
1110:
1089:
1078:
1056:
1038:Milli Gazete.
1030:
1018:
997:
985:
973:
944:
931:
930:
928:
925:
924:
923:
922:
921:
919:Turks in Libya
916:
911:
901:
896:
891:
884:
881:
880:
879:
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
832:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
779:Mustapha Osman
776:
775:, photographer
759:
753:
747:
741:
735:
732:Mohamed Lahbib
729:
723:
709:Fadhila Khetmi
706:
700:
694:
688:
682:
676:
670:
653:
647:
630:
624:
618:Yasemin Besson
615:
609:
603:
600:Ali Bach Hamba
597:
580:
577:Asma Belkhodja
574:
561:
548:
547:, intellectual
531:
518:
505:
495:
486:
473:
467:
450:
409:, El Materis,
366:was a painter.
312:Ali Bach Hamba
304:
303:Notable people
301:
300:
299:
294:
287:
285:
280:
273:
271:
266:
259:
257:
252:
245:
215:
212:
199:
196:
194:
191:
166:
163:
146:Ottoman Empire
131:Tunus Türkleri
107:Tunisian Turks
93:
92:
86:
85:
81:
80:
78:
77:
72:
67:
61:
58:
57:
53:
52:
50:
49:
44:
39:
33:
30:
29:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3222:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2784:United States
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2711:Liechtenstein
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:Other regions
2605:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2501:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:Ethnic groups
2250:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2236:Protestantism
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:(19): 11–28,
2146:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2117:(64): 153–168
2116:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1857:, Routledge,
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1773:on 2012-07-16
1772:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1747:on 2013-07-27
1746:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1721:
1714:
1711:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1667:
1664:Rachid Sfar.
1660:
1657:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1625:on 2012-05-02
1624:
1620:
1613:
1610:
1599:
1596:Africa Time.
1592:
1589:
1585:
1584:Ferchiou 2001
1580:
1577:
1566:on 2013-05-10
1565:
1561:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1533:
1530:Africa Time.
1526:
1523:
1510:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1476:
1469:
1466:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1434:on 2012-07-17
1433:
1429:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1364:
1357:
1354:
1343:on 2013-11-03
1342:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1293:
1290:Africa Time.
1286:
1284:
1280:
1269:on 2014-02-03
1268:
1264:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1207:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1114:
1111:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1057:
1046:on 2010-02-23
1045:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1008:
1001:
998:
994:
989:
986:
982:
977:
974:
963:on 2011-03-13
962:
958:
951:
949:
945:
941:
936:
933:
926:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
886:
882:
875:
871:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
853:Zoubeir Turki
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
835:Najiya Thamir
833:
828:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
798:Hichem Rostom
796:
793:
792:Chafia Rochdi
790:
785:
780:
777:
772:
768:
763:
760:
758:, businessman
757:
754:
752:, businessman
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
719:
715:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
666:
662:
657:
654:
651:
648:
643:
639:
634:
631:
628:
625:
623:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
593:
589:
584:
581:
578:
575:
570:
565:
562:
557:
552:
549:
544:
540:
535:
532:
527:
522:
519:
514:
509:
506:
503:
499:
496:
494:
490:
487:
482:
477:
474:
471:
470:Mahmoud Aslan
468:
463:
459:
454:
451:
448:
445:
444:
443:
439:
434:
428:
423:
417:
412:
406:
401:
395:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:Souq el-Trouk
365:
361:
354:
353:Chafia Rochdi
350:
343:
339:
332:
328:
324:
317:
313:
309:
302:
297:
291:
286:
283:
277:
272:
269:
263:
258:
255:
249:
244:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:Hanafi School
224:
221:
213:
211:
209:
205:
197:
192:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
164:
162:
160:
156:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
133:) are ethnic
132:
128:
124:
120:
112:
108:
104:
100:
91:
87:
82:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
62:
59:
54:
48:
45:
43:
40:
38:
35:
34:
31:
26:
3022:Akritas plan
2947:Turkmenistan
2644:Diaspora in
2637:South Africa
2614:Saudi Arabia
2597:
2300:
2296:Roma (Gypsy)
2221:Christianity
2160:
2144:
2140:
2123:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2077:
2058:
2049:
2045:
2019:
2000:
1981:
1962:
1941:
1920:
1896:
1892:
1873:
1854:
1842:
1838:
1822:
1818:
1810:Bibliography
1796:. Retrieved
1786:
1775:. Retrieved
1771:the original
1760:
1749:. Retrieved
1745:the original
1741:"Hédi Turki"
1734:
1723:. Retrieved
1713:
1702:. Retrieved
1692:
1685:Bidwell 2012
1680:
1669:. Retrieved
1659:
1648:. Retrieved
1638:
1627:. Retrieved
1623:the original
1612:
1601:. Retrieved
1591:
1579:
1568:. Retrieved
1564:the original
1535:. Retrieved
1525:
1515:26 September
1513:. Retrieved
1502:
1494:
1489:
1478:. Retrieved
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1447:
1436:. Retrieved
1432:the original
1428:"Ali Douagi"
1421:
1414:Granara 2010
1409:
1401:
1396:
1366:. Retrieved
1356:
1345:. Retrieved
1341:the original
1330:
1323:Derrick 2008
1318:
1306:
1295:. Retrieved
1271:. Retrieved
1267:the original
1256:
1244:
1232:
1220:
1209:. Retrieved
1199:
1192:Khouaja 1962
1187:
1139:
1133:
1120:
1113:
1102:. Retrieved
1092:
1083:
1065:
1059:
1048:. Retrieved
1044:the original
1033:
1021:
1010:. Retrieved
1000:
988:
976:
965:. Retrieved
961:the original
935:
865:Sadok Zmerli
804:Mourad Salem
705:, politician
703:Sadok Ghileb
697:Nazli Fadhel
675:, politician
650:Ahmed Chérif
646:, journalist
596:, politician
508:Ahmed Bayram
485:, politician
369:
217:
201:
169:Families of
168:
165:Demographics
143:
106:
102:
98:
96:
19:Ethnic group
3157:Kouloughlis
2967:Turkophobia
2880:Afghanistan
2838:New Zealand
2746:Switzerland
2716:Netherlands
2581:Kouloughlis
2264:Arab-Berber
1874:The Berbers
1225:Déjeux 1984
1085:Arab women.
1026:UNESCO 2009
993:UNESCO 2009
981:UNESCO 2009
889:Kouloughlis
878:, professor
868: [
847:Yahia Turki
825: [
810:Rachid Sfar
782: [
765: [
762:Habib Osman
726:Afef Jnifen
712: [
659: [
636: [
622:Éric Besson
614:, filmmaker
586: [
567: [
554: [
537: [
524: [
511: [
479: [
466:, historian
456: [
449:, economist
436: [
425: [
414: [
403: [
392: [
364:Yahia Turki
342:Afef Jnifen
233:during the
159:Kouloughlis
90:Sunni Islam
3189:Categories
2957:Uzbekistan
2937:Kyrgyzstan
2932:Kazakhstan
2927:Azerbaijan
2517:Turkmeneli
2479:Azerbaijan
2451:Montenegro
2429:Dodecanese
2358:settlement
2346:by country
2087:1858287480
2068:0674010175
2029:9004056874
1972:9973931378
1965:, CREDIF,
1930:2865370852
1883:0631207678
1798:2012-04-17
1777:2012-04-17
1751:2012-04-17
1725:2012-04-17
1704:2012-04-17
1671:2014-06-07
1650:2013-10-13
1629:2012-04-18
1603:2013-03-27
1570:2013-03-27
1537:2013-03-27
1480:2013-03-29
1459:2013-03-29
1438:2012-04-17
1368:2013-03-24
1361:Hurriyet.
1347:2012-04-17
1311:Puaux 1954
1297:2013-04-04
1273:2013-03-29
1249:Smida 1971
1211:2012-04-18
1180:Green 1978
1104:2013-03-29
1079:1850770603
1050:2012-03-19
1012:2012-04-18
967:2012-03-18
927:References
841:Hedi Turki
831:, diplomat
816:Mongi Slim
679:Ali Douagi
620:, wife of
400:Belkhodjas
329:served as
115:أتراك تونس
2864:Venezuela
2854:Argentina
2833:Australia
2546:Palestine
2492:Meskhetia
2208:Religions
2022:, BRILL,
1825:: 33–66,
1558:TelQuel.
1473:Leaders.
1452:Leaders.
1097:Leaders.
855:, painter
849:, painter
843:, painter
502:Bourguiba
56:Languages
3130:See also
2890:Pakistan
2731:Portugal
2487:Abkhazia
2483:Georgia
2411:Bulgaria
2374:Muhacirs
2291:Italians
2226:Orthodox
1845:: 91–110
883:See also
806:, artist
788:, artist
669:, doctor
652:, doctor
629:, doctor
608:, writer
472:, writer
239:minarets
214:Religion
198:Language
183:Hammamet
155:Anatolia
84:Religion
2952:Ukraine
2701:Ireland
2696:Hungary
2684:Germany
2674:Finland
2669:Denmark
2659:Belgium
2654:Austria
2598:Tunisia
2576:Algeria
2541:Lebanon
2456:Romania
2420:Greece
2416:Croatia
2356:Turkish
2276:Berbers
2269:Bedouin
2243:Judaism
1913:1595254
1851:Bidwell
800:, actor
389:Bayrams
381:Turkish
235:Ottoman
220:Ottoman
206:in all
193:Culture
171:Turkish
150:Spanish
139:Tunisia
127:Turkish
65:Turkish
47:Cap Bon
2942:Russia
2859:Brazil
2807:Kuwait
2779:Mexico
2774:Canada
2756:London
2741:Sweden
2726:Poland
2721:Norway
2689:Berlin
2679:France
2646:Europe
2536:Jordan
2524:Israel
2461:Serbia
2441:Kosovo
2370:Turkey
2286:French
2084:
2065:
2052:: 1–12
2026:
2007:
1988:
1969:
1950:
1927:
1911:
1880:
1861:
1687:, 388.
1586:, 305.
1391:, 252.
1251:, 340.
1239:, 178.
1227:, 269.
1167:, 460.
1146:
1076:
942:, 129.
422:Osmans
385:Mahdia
187:Djerba
179:Mahdia
119:French
111:Arabic
75:French
37:Mahdia
2911:Japan
2906:China
2885:India
2812:Qatar
2736:Spain
2706:Italy
2619:Yemen
2593:Libya
2588:Egypt
2551:Syria
2424:Crete
2301:Turks
2281:Copts
2259:Arabs
2216:Islam
2137:(PDF)
2042:(PDF)
1909:JSTOR
1416:, 79.
1325:, 52.
1313:, 16.
1194:, 89.
1182:, 47.
1125:(PDF)
1028:, 13.
995:, 12.
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528:]
515:]
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464:]
440:]
429:]
418:]
411:Sfars
407:]
396:]
379:, of
231:Islam
223:Turks
175:Tunis
135:Turks
42:Tunis
2529:Jews
2512:Iraq
2082:ISBN
2063:ISBN
2024:ISBN
2005:ISBN
1986:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1948:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1878:ISBN
1859:ISBN
1517:2019
1144:ISBN
1074:ISBN
983:, 9.
442:s.
433:Slim
218:The
105:and
97:The
2376:),
2149:doi
1901:doi
1827:doi
229:of
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1841:,
1823:33
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