182:
608:
1092:
40:
270:
the tutelary and rendering the city vulnerable. If the identity of a deity whose protection was desired was unknown, an altar might be inscribed with an open-ended invocation such as "to the tutelary god". The individual goddess Tutela may have evolved from this abstraction. She appears often in
159:
was meant to ensure that her interests and those of her family were protected, particularly in matters of property rights, since the ownership of property by married people remained separate. On occasion, a woman who wanted her husband to manage her property might have him appointed
621:
151:, guardianship of emancipated women, generally those whose fathers had died. In the "core period" of Roman history (2nd century BC to 2nd century AD), a married woman did not enter into the
1492:
1497:
195:
on either side of her head, and bearing on her wings the seven deities of the days of the week (Saturn, Sol, Luna, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter and Venus), from the
1545:
181:
1241:
653:
262:, who in many places was Juno. The true name of the deity was theoretically kept secret, to prevent an enemy from enacting a ritual "calling out"
625:
1509:
343:
1303:
646:
316:
215:. The capacity for offering protection or guardianship was a basic function of deity, expressed by formulations such as
1174:
1148:
1555:
1308:
1143:
1540:
1423:
1402:
1392:
799:
662:
1407:
639:
612:
1235:
212:
351:
in particular cultivated Tutela. On a coin of 71 AD, Tutela is represented by a woman with two children.
1454:
1351:
1007:
926:
674:
95:
56:
1449:
1333:
1287:
1077:
921:
694:
338:
1487:
1293:
1179:
1153:
1012:
861:
851:
814:
220:
1550:
1366:
992:
956:
916:
891:
794:
774:
714:
279:
to assure a full range of protection, and became a regular part of household cult along with the
276:
252:
1504:
1464:
1118:
1072:
946:
936:
886:
759:
739:
734:
719:
196:
192:
191:
in her right hand, Apollo and Diana in a twinned cornucopia in her left hand, with the twins
1397:
1128:
1047:
987:
846:
824:
809:
228:
68:
64:
474:
1519:
1514:
1433:
1428:
1281:
1249:
1133:
666:
348:
461:
Howard M. Jackson, "The
Meaning and Function of the Leontocephaline in Roman Mithraism,"
235:
expressed the sphere of influence exercised by a deity. For instance, trees of ill omen
1371:
1260:
1123:
841:
631:
521:
325:
drew on traditional sources of authority to consolidate their position, among them the
208:
176:
1091:
607:
155:
of her husband, and remained legally a part of her birth family. The appointment of a
1534:
1298:
1222:
1138:
1067:
1037:
1017:
866:
789:
779:
680:
322:
141:
100:
98:
who ordinarily in Roman society would be under the legal protection and control of a
1361:
1356:
1318:
1215:
764:
704:
60:
769:
1113:
115:
17:
1323:
1230:
997:
982:
972:
901:
881:
272:
39:
1469:
1057:
951:
246:
106:
76:
44:
299:
might be masculine epithets for gods in a specifically tutelary function:
1376:
1313:
1254:
1158:
977:
931:
906:
836:
744:
729:
724:
699:
265:
1032:
1022:
941:
911:
896:
856:
754:
333:
or guardianship was another available form of authority, advertised as
288:
284:
224:
33:
424:
The
Deification of Abstract Ideas in Roman Literature and Inscriptions
341:. In the Imperial period the goddess Tutela received her own distinct
275:, but only rarely in literature. She is often linked invoked with the
135:, guardianship for minors who were emancipated from the legal control
110:, legally emancipated. The guardian who oversaw their interests was a
1459:
1201:
1195:
1108:
1042:
1027:
1002:
784:
709:
187:
94:("guardianship" or "tutelage"), mainly for people such as minors and
55:
was the ancient Roman concept of "guardianship", conceived of as a
1328:
1052:
876:
831:
819:
804:
749:
481:(Polity Press, 2007, originally published 2001 in German), p. 132.
280:
180:
38:
63:, and from the earliest period as a functional role that various
1209:
1062:
635:
871:
1090:
371:(American Philosophical Society, 1991 reprint), pp. 747–749.
435:
on Mars, Vincent J. Rosivach, "Mars, the
Lustral God,"
524:, "The Cult of Virtues and Roman Imperial Ideology,"
258:
The cities of ancient Italy characteristically had a
1480:
1442:
1416:
1385:
1344:
1272:
1188:
1167:
1101:
965:
673:
219:, "the tutelage of Jove". Major deities such as
32:For a synonym of a genus of sea cucumbers, see
448:Rabun Taylor, "Roman Oscilla: An Assessment,"
647:
90:Under Roman law, there were several forms of
8:
231:were conceived of as tutelaries. The phrase
687:
654:
640:
632:
585:(Cambridge University Press, 1950), p. 89.
563:Fears, "The Cult of Virtues," pp. 900–901.
526:Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt
410:(Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 52ff.
329:or power of the Roman head of household.
408:Family and Familia in Roman Law and Life
347:in the form of rituals and temples. The
255:seem to have each had a tutelary deity.
360:
27:Ancient Roman concept of "guardianship"
594:Fears, "The Cult of Virtues," p. 900.
426:(University of Chicago, 1907), p. 40.
118:distinguishes among several types of
7:
572:Fear, "The Cult of Virtues," p. 900.
395:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law
382:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law
369:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law
104:, but who for whatever reasons were
1546:Personifications in Roman mythology
177:Tutelary deity § Ancient Rome
25:
552:The Deification of Abstract Ideas
539:The Deification of Abstract Ideas
518:The Deification of Abstract Ideas
505:The Deification of Abstract Ideas
492:The Deification of Abstract Ideas
43:Bust of Tutela from the Martigny
606:
450:RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics
287:. She might also be paired with
251:. The initiatory grades of the
75:had particular applications in
271:inscriptions, particularly in
1:
611:The dictionary definition of
185:Gallo-Roman Tutela holding a
317:Imperial cult (ancient Rome)
528:II.17.2 (1981, pp. 900–901.
1572:
1149:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1088:
479:The Religion of the Romans
314:
174:
31:
1144:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
690:
622:Silver figurine of Tutela
439:42.3 (1983), pp. 519–521.
129:, fiduciary guardianship.
67:might play, particularly
1403:Rape of the Sabine Women
583:Roman Anniversary Issues
311:Tutela and Imperial cult
1408:Battle of Lacus Curtius
116:Latin legal terminology
1095:
663:Ancient Roman religion
422:Harold Lucius Axtell,
213:archaic Roman religion
200:
47:
1094:
628:at the British Museum
184:
175:Further information:
145:or head of household.
42:
1288:Interpretatio graeca
1488:Classical mythology
1309:Theology of victory
1154:Kings of Alba Longa
465:32.1 (1985), p. 33.
237:(arbores infelices)
211:was fundamental to
1096:
337:, the tutelage of
253:Mithraic mysteries
243:of the gods below
201:
48:
1528:
1527:
1505:Etruscan religion
1119:Romulus and Remus
1102:Legendary figures
1086:
1085:
735:Castor and Pollux
452:48 (2005), p. 86.
199:(AD 150-220)
193:Castor and Pollux
127:tutela fiduciaria
16:(Redirected from
1563:
1556:Tutelary deities
1398:Founding of Rome
1168:Legendary beings
1129:Tullus Hostilius
966:Abstract deities
825:Lares Familiares
688:
656:
649:
642:
633:
610:
595:
592:
586:
579:
573:
570:
564:
561:
555:
548:
542:
535:
529:
514:
508:
501:
495:
488:
482:
472:
466:
459:
453:
446:
440:
433:
427:
420:
414:
404:
398:
391:
385:
378:
372:
365:
305:Hercules tutator
133:tutela impuberum
65:tutelary deities
21:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1541:Roman goddesses
1531:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1520:Myth and ritual
1515:Greek mythology
1476:
1438:
1434:Pignora imperii
1429:Parabiago Plate
1412:
1381:
1340:
1274:
1268:
1250:Sibylline Books
1184:
1163:
1134:Servius Tullius
1097:
1082:
961:
677:
669:
660:
604:
599:
598:
593:
589:
581:Michael Grant,
580:
576:
571:
567:
562:
558:
549:
545:
536:
532:
515:
511:
502:
498:
489:
485:
473:
469:
460:
456:
447:
443:
434:
430:
421:
417:
405:
401:
392:
388:
379:
375:
366:
362:
357:
349:Flavian dynasty
319:
313:
179:
173:
149:tutela mulierum
88:
61:Imperial period
37:
28:
23:
22:
18:Tutela mulierum
15:
12:
11:
5:
1569:
1567:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1533:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1452:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1372:Pythagoreanism
1369:
1367:Peripateticism
1364:
1359:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1261:The Golden Ass
1252:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1180:Barnacle goose
1177:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1124:Numa Pompilius
1121:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
969:
967:
963:
962:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
828:
827:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
691:
685:
671:
670:
661:
659:
658:
651:
644:
636:
630:
629:
617:at Wiktionary
603:
602:External links
600:
597:
596:
587:
574:
565:
556:
543:
530:
522:J. Rufus Fears
509:
496:
483:
467:
454:
441:
428:
415:
406:Jane Gardner,
399:
386:
373:
367:Adolf Berger,
359:
358:
356:
353:
335:Tutela Augusti
323:Roman emperors
312:
309:
301:Iuppiter tutor
209:tutelary deity
197:Mâcon treasure
172:
167:
166:
165:
146:
130:
87:
81:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1568:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1294:Imperial cult
1292:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:and practices
1271:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1223:Metamorphoses
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Ancus Marcius
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:Tranquillitas
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
970:
968:
964:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
826:
823:
822:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
689:
686:
683:
682:
681:Dii Consentes
676:
672:
668:
664:
657:
652:
650:
645:
643:
638:
637:
634:
627:
623:
620:
619:
618:
616:
615:
609:
601:
591:
588:
584:
578:
575:
569:
566:
560:
557:
553:
547:
544:
540:
534:
531:
527:
523:
520:, pp. 40–41;
519:
513:
510:
506:
500:
497:
493:
487:
484:
480:
476:
471:
468:
464:
458:
455:
451:
445:
442:
438:
432:
429:
425:
419:
416:
413:
409:
403:
400:
396:
390:
387:
383:
377:
374:
370:
364:
361:
354:
352:
350:
346:
345:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
318:
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
261:
256:
254:
250:
248:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
198:
194:
190:
189:
183:
178:
171:
168:
163:
158:
154:
150:
147:
144:
143:
142:paterfamilias
138:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
123:
122:, including:
121:
117:
113:
109:
108:
103:
102:
101:paterfamilias
97:
93:
86:
82:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
53:
46:
41:
35:
30:
19:
1424:Gubernaculum
1393:Golden Bough
1362:Neoplatonism
1357:Epicureanism
1286:
1259:
1240:
1221:
1214:
1200:
705:Anna Perenna
679:
613:
605:
590:
582:
577:
568:
559:
551:
546:
538:
533:
525:
517:
512:
507:, pp. 42–43.
504:
499:
491:
486:
478:
470:
462:
457:
449:
444:
436:
431:
423:
418:
411:
407:
402:
394:
389:
381:
376:
368:
363:
342:
334:
330:
326:
320:
304:
300:
296:
292:
263:
259:
257:
244:
240:
239:were in the
236:
232:
217:Tutela Iovis
216:
204:
202:
186:
169:
161:
156:
152:
148:
140:
136:
132:
126:
119:
111:
105:
99:
91:
89:
84:
72:
51:
50:
49:
29:
1498:Persecution
1450:Gallo-Roman
1242:Res divinae
1114:Rhea Silvia
1535:Categories
1443:Variations
1345:Philosophy
1324:Capitolium
1231:Propertius
998:Averruncus
983:Aeternitas
973:Abundantia
902:Proserpina
626:Highlights
475:Jörg Rüpke
412:et passim.
355:References
321:The early
315:See also:
137:(potestas)
1551:Roman law
1470:Mithraism
1455:Mysteries
1304:Palladium
1282:Festivals
1058:Securitas
1008:Concordia
952:Vertumnus
770:Dīs Pater
667:mythology
397:, p. 747.
384:, p. 747.
247:di inferi
233:in tutela
107:sui iuris
77:Roman law
45:mithraeum
1510:Glossary
1481:See also
1377:Stoicism
1352:Cynicism
1314:Pomerium
1273:Concepts
1255:Apuleius
1175:She-wolf
1159:Hersilia
1078:Victoria
978:Aequitas
932:Summanus
922:Silvanus
907:Quirinus
837:Libertas
800:Hercules
745:Cloacina
730:Carmenta
725:Bona Dea
700:Angerona
695:Agenoria
554:, p. 42.
541:, p. 42.
494:, p. 40.
393:Berger,
380:Berger,
339:Augustus
327:potestas
266:evocatio
153:potestas
1493:Decline
1417:Objects
1319:Temples
1299:Charity
1033:Laverna
1023:Fortuna
1013:Feronia
942:Veritas
912:Salacia
897:Priapus
882:Penates
862:Neptune
857:Minerva
852:Mercury
815:Jupiter
755:Dea Dia
720:Bellona
675:Deities
550:Axtel,
537:Axtel,
516:Axtel,
503:Axtel,
490:Axtel,
437:Latomus
297:tutator
289:Fortuna
285:Penates
225:Minerva
221:Jupiter
170:Tutelae
59:in the
57:goddess
34:Elpidia
1460:Cybele
1386:Events
1334:Celtic
1202:Aeneid
1196:Virgil
1109:Aeneas
1043:Pietas
1028:Fontus
1003:Caelus
993:Annona
988:Africa
957:Vulcan
917:Saturn
892:Pomona
795:Genius
785:Faunus
775:Egeria
715:Aurora
710:Apollo
614:tutela
344:cultus
331:Tutela
277:Genius
260:tutela
241:tutela
227:, and
205:tutela
188:patera
120:tutela
92:tutela
85:tutela
83:Legal
73:Tutela
52:Tutela
1329:Cella
1236:Varro
1216:Fasti
1189:Texts
1073:Terra
1053:Salus
1018:Fides
947:Vesta
937:Venus
887:Pluto
877:Orcus
832:Liber
820:Lares
805:Janus
790:Flora
780:Fauna
760:Diana
750:Cupid
740:Ceres
463:Numen
293:Tutor
281:Lares
162:tutor
157:tutor
139:of a
112:tutor
96:women
1465:Isis
1210:Ovid
1063:Spes
1048:Roma
847:Mars
842:Luna
810:Juno
765:Dies
665:and
624:and
283:and
273:Gaul
229:Mars
203:The
69:Juno
1038:Pax
927:Sol
872:Ops
867:Nox
303:or
295:or
207:or
1537::
477:,
307:.
291:.
223:,
114:.
79:.
71:.
684:)
678:(
655:e
648:t
641:v
268:)
264:(
249:)
245:(
164:.
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
