Thoothukudi - Knowledge (XXG)

1931:. The port recently commenced the operation of 2nd Container Terminal by ABG (DBGIT) Pvt Ltd. The port handled 0.5 million TEU's in 2013–2014 to become third largest container port among Major Ports of India. The port is also a significant port due to the fact that it is located close to East-West International Sea Route. The port has direct cargo and container vessel connectivity to all major ports in the world like Colombo, Singapore, JNPT (Mumbai), Mundra, Jebel Ali, Salalah, Rotterdam, Karachi, Hong Kong and much more. This is the third international port in Tamil Nadu and its second all-weather port. The port also helps to increase the tourism in the region. A new ferry has been commenced between Thoothukudi and 2230:

corporation has 60 wards, and there is an elected councilor for each of those wards. The functions of the corporation are devolved into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning, and information technology (IT). All these departments are under the control of a Municipal Commissioner, who is the executive head. The legislative powers are vested in a body of 60 members, one from each of the 60 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected mayor, assisted by a deputy mayor. Thoothukudi city is the headquarters of the Thoothukudi district.

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as of 2011. The underground drainage system was constituted in 1984 and covers only certain zones of the corporation area. The remaining sewerage system for disposal of sullage is through septic tanks and public conveniences. The corporation maintains a total of 69.47 kilometres (43.17 mi) of storm water drains. The corporation operates five health posts throughout the city. Apart from these, there are various private hospitals and clinics that take care of the health care needs of the citizens.

1898: 1833: 310: 1039:) characterized by sweltering summers, hot winters, and occasional heavy rain during the northeast monsoon. Summer extends from March to June, when the climate is very humid. Thoothukudi registers a maximum temperature of 39 °C (102 °F) and a minimum temperature of 32 °C (90 °F). The city receives adequate rainfall only during the months of October and November. The city receives around 444 mm (17.5 in) rainfall from the 215: 121: 959:

liberally dotted with rain-fed tanks. The red soil found on the southern side of Thoothukudi town is composed of quartz and variable quantities of fine red dry dust. The port is an all-weather one. The bay formed by Hare Island, Devils Point, and the main land gives ample protection to the lighters from monsoonal weather. The beach of Thoothukudi is characterized by a calm breeze and very low waves, giving the image of a big river.

78: 2130: 96: 3299:. The study also observed that Industrial disposals and other chemical contaminates that enter waterways through agricultural runoff, storm water drains, and industrial discharges may persist in the environment for long periods and be transported by water or air over long distances. They disturbed the function of the endocrine system, resulting in reproductive, developmental, and behavioral problems. The 2038: 85: 918: 290: 114: 1997: 1952:

period of 10 years. The State Government recently formed a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for Speedy implementation of the Project. The upcoming new railway line from Madurai to Thoothukudi via Aruppukotai, Ettayapuram would serve as the backbone for the development of this corridor. Indian Railways Ministry also completed survey of East Coast Railway Route from

1841: 3220:(TNEB). Usage of Plastic polythene bags is banned inside corporation limits. Thoothukudi is the headquarters of the Thoothukudi region of TNEB that has four divisions. The city along with its suburbs forms the Thoothukudi Electricity Distribution Circle. A Chief Distribution engineer is stationed at the regional headquarters. Water supply is provided by the 222: 189: 1025:. The city mostly has flat terrain and is roughly divided into two by the Buckle Channel. Being in a coastal region, the soil is mostly clay and sandy, and the water table varies between 1 and 4 m (3.3 and 13.1 ft) below ground level. The city has loose soil with thorny shrubs in the north and salt pans in the south. 2020:

The creek opposite to Roche Park has an eco-park with Kayaking facilities that operates everyday from 6 AM to 6 PM. There are a variety of water sports activities in Muthu Nagar beach which includes Jet skiing, Water scooters, Wind surfing, Paddle surfing, Bump rides, Banana boat ride, Fishing, Snorkeling and Scuba diving.

Air Pollution is the major environmental challenge faced by Thoothukudi while water and noise pollution are environmental issues too. Thoothukudi is the only city from the state of Tamil Nadu to be listed as one of the Non-attainment cities by Ministry of Environment primarily on the basis of excess

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Thoothukudi municipality was established in 1866 during the British Raj. It was promoted to a municipal corporation on 5 August 2008, bringing an area of 90.663 km (35.005 sq mi) within the city limits. The municipal corporation has four zones, namely North, East, West, and South. The

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Bharat Ratna Puratchi Thalaivar M.G.R. Park and Rajaji Park in Tamizh Salai, Nehruji Beach Park and Roche Park in Kadarkarai Salai, M.G.R. Park in Kamarajar Salai, Sankara Narayanan Park in Tooveypuram, Kakkan Park in Boltenpuram and State Bank Colony Park are the attracting corporation parks in the

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The minor port of the Thoothukudi anchorage port with lighter-age facilities has had flourishing traffic for over a century. The first wooden jetty at this port was commissioned in 1864. This port was used for the export of salt, cotton yarn, senna leaves, palmyrah stalks, palmyrah fibers, dry fish,

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reduced the fertility and increased the occurrence of still births, birth defects, and hormonally dependent Cancers such as breast, testicular, and prostate cancers. The effects on the developing nervous system can include impaired mental and psychomotor development, as well as cognitive impairment

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About 96 metric tonnes of solid waste are collected from the city every day by door-to-door collection and subsequently the source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the Thoothukudi Municipal corporation. The coverage of solid waste management had efficiency of 94%

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is one of the oldest and popular railway stations in India. It is one of few stations in Southern Tamil Nadu to have Pitline facility for Cleaning and Maintenance of Rail Coaches facilitating the operation of Long distance Trains from Thoothukudi. The line between Madurai and Thoothukudi was opened

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Thoothukudi has All India Radio Station which Carries AIR External Services for South Asia in English, Sinhala and Tamil (1053 kHz). FM Radio Stations in Thoothukudi City include Suryan FM (93.5 MHz), Hello FM (106.4 MHz). Thoothukudi is the landing point for the first undersea cable

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Station Thoothukudi is located at Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu under the operational and administrative control of the Commander, Coast Guard Region (East), Chennai. The Coast Guard Station Thoothukudi was commissioned on April 25, 1991, by Vice Admiral SW Lakhar, NM, VSM and then Director General Coast

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There are 31 schools in Thoothukudi city, of which 10 are operated by the municipal corporation. There are 31 high schools and higher secondary schools, one of which is a government school. Tuticorin has high literacy rates and lower literacy rate gap between males and females. There are five arts

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Harbor Beach in Jawaharlal Nehru Salai and Muthu Nagar Beach in Kadarkarai Salai are the major beaches in the city. There are numerous islands located close to the city namely Hare Island (accessible by road), Nalla Thanni Island which attracts lot of visitors during weekends and festival seasons.

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recently. The Corridor would consist of four manufacturing regions, one agri-business region, two business investment regions, a special tourism zone, one rural tourism hub and one knowledge hub. The government estimates that this Corridor would attract 1,900,000 crore industrial investment over a

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was declared the tenth major port in India, second only to JN Port (Mumbai) in size. Thoothukudi is an artificial port. During the union budget of 2014–2015, the Central government sanctioned an 11,500 crore Outer Harbour Development Program for Thoothukudi port which is expected to give a push to

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accounted for 7.42% and 0.1% of the population, respectively. The city had a total of 60,714 households. There were a total of 83,669 workers: 114 cultivators, 154 main agricultural labourers, 1,498 in house hold industries, 77,420 other workers, 4,483 marginal workers, 69 marginal cultivators, 25

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shores in the Gulf of Mannar are notified as the first Marine Biosphere Reserve of India. About 36,000 species of flora and fauna exist in the region, which is covered with mangroves, sandy shores, and sea grass beds that are conducive to turtle nesting. The region around the Thoothukudi shores is

The city has Tharuvai Multi Purpose Stadium which is maintained by Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu. Thoothukudi Gymkhana Club has two Synthetic Turf Tennis courts, Thoothukudi is the only other place after Chennai in Tamil Nadu to have this modern facility. Thoothukudi is known for its

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Industrial Estate and SIDCO's Industrial Estate which comprises several Small scale and Medium scale Industries. To cope with the increasing trade through Thoothukudi, the Government of India sanctioned the construction of an all-weather port at Thoothukudi. On 11 July 1974, the newly constructed

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It attained the status of corporation on 5 August 2008, after 142 years of being a municipality. Thoothukudi Corporation is divided into 60 wards after its expansion in 2011, and these wards comprise four zones—i.e., East, West, North, and South. East zone has 14–16 and 19–33 wards; West zone has

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plans to extend the runway and modernise the airport to handle to more traffic and bigger aircraft. The land acquisition process is completed and AAI is ready to start the expansion works. A new Terminal has been planned and the runway is to expanded to facilitate the movement of Airbus A320 and

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has been introduced recently which connects Thoothukudi with Chennai during daytime. South Indian Railway began a Madras – Thoothukudi service connecting with the boat to Ceylon in 1899. The station was declared a Model Station in 2007 and several infrastructure developments are in process.

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Thoothukudi has an extensive transport network and is well-connected to other major cities by road, rail, air and sea. The corporation maintains a total length of 428.54 km (266.28 mi). The city has 37.665 km (23.404 mi) concrete roads, 329.041 km (204.457 mi) black

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Salt pans in and around the city contribute majorly to the economy of the city. The salt pans produce 1.2 million tonnes of salt every year, contributing to 90% of the salt produced in the state and 50% needed by the chemical industries of the state. Late industrialist & philanthropist

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Thoothukudi is a port town situated in the Gulf of Mannar, about 125 km (78 mi) north of KanyaKumari, and its environs form part of the coastal belt, which forms a continuous stretch of flat country relieved here and there by small rock outcrops. The region surrounding Thoothukudi is

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On 20 October 1986, a new district, carved out of the erstwhile Tirunelveli district was born in Tamil Nadu and named after V. O. Chidambaranar, a prominent national leader hailing from Ottapidaram who led the Swadeshi Movement in the south. Since 1997, the district has been named after its

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festival is celebrated annually in August. This and the Shiva temple festivals, including Adi Amavasai, Sasti, and Chittirai chariot festivals, are the major festivals of the area. Roadways are the major mode of transport to Thoothukudi, while the city also has rail, air, and sea transport.

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operates daily services connecting various cities to Thoothukudi. A new regional headquarters of TNSTC is being established in Thoothukudi which enables better transportation by government buses. The corporation operates a computerised reservation centre in the bus stand of the city. The

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are very common. Out of the 600 recorded varieties of fish in the region, 72 are found to be commercially important. The thermal discharge from the thermal plants and excessive brine runoff from the salt pans impact the flora and fauna in the region to a large extent.

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country drugs, and other goods to neighboring countries and for the import of coal, cotton, copra, pulses, and grains. The minor port of Thoothukudi has the distinction of being the intermediate port, handling the highest traffic tonnage of over 1 million per year.

1803:, Thoothukudi city had a population of 237,830 with a sex-ratio of 1,010 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. Thoothukudi had an average literacy rate of 92.10% with male literacy being 94.84%, and female literacy being 89.37%. 3271:

is three times higher than WHO standards for PM10 particles which is 20 micrograms per cubic metre. Environmentalists blame public and private coal-fired thermal power plants, copper smelter and chemical industries for polluting the air quality of Thoothukudi.

3205:. There is one government and many private Engineering college affiliated to Anna University in the city and arts colleges on Tamizh Salai and Tiruchendur road. There is also a Government Medical college and Hospital. The colleges are affiliated to the 1923:

the export-import sector in southern Tamil Nadu. The project would commence in 2015 and be completed by 2020. The DPR for Outer Harbour was released recently by the Union Shipping Minister. As a port city, almost all major logistics companies (such as

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located. It is one of the fastest growing banks in India during the period of 2007–2012. Its total business is worth 360 billion. The bank targets a Total Business of 500 Billion INR in 2014–15. The city also has a research institute set up by

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The other major industries are shipping, fishing, agricultural, power and chemical industries. Fishing is one of the largest contributor to the local economy. Thoothukudi Fishing Harbor is one of the oldest and largest harbors in Tamil Nadu.

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and is one of the sea gateways of Tamil Nadu. It is also one of the major seaports in India, with a history dating back to the 6th century CE. The city is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the

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Maris Associates, VVD Coconut oil mill, AVM oil mill, Ramesh flowers, Agsar Paints and KSPS Salts are some of the small scale and large scale industries in the city. Thoothukudi is the headquarters city of leading private sector bank

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in 1548, captured by the Dutch in 1658, and ceded to the British in 1825. The lighthouse built in 1842 marked the beginning of the history of harbour development in the city. Thoothukudi was established as a Municipality in 1866 with

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Plant, Venus Home Appliances, S.K.S.C.Nadarajan & Bror. - Salt manufacturer, P. S. S. Krishnamurthi Exports Private Limited, Madura Coats Private Limited, DCW Limited, Kilburn Chemicals Ltd, Nila Sea foods, Diamond Sea foods

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and British in the 16th–19th centuries. The city expanded after 1907 due to the presence of public establishments. Residential and industrial growth was maximum around Palayamkottai and Ettaiyapuram roads between 1907 and 1930.

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S.K.S.C.Nadarajan who was the head in various commerce & manufacturers forum established the first manufacturing unit of Iodized salt in Thoothukudi, It was the first manufacturing unit of Iodized salt in South India.

894:. During the 18th century the British overpowered and occupied the town. Being a port town, the town received attention from the rulers for improving their trade, and so it was brought to Municipal status in 1866. 2012:. The church festival celebrated yearly during last week of July and first week of August, The Shiva temple festivals like Adi Amavasai, Sasti and Chittirai chariot festivals are the major festivals of the land. 3631: 3213:. There are three Industrial Training Institutes (ITI) and about 50 computer training centres also. The city has Government Medical College Hospital and new ESI Hospital is being constructed at the Bypass road. 3275:

A 2010 study published in the Journal of Ecobiotechnology cites Industrial pollution in Thoothukudi as a major cause for various health issues. Respondents of the study had various health issues like

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topped surface roads, 56.592 km (35.165 mi) water bound macadam roads and 5.242 km (3.257 mi) earthen roads. The major roads within the city are Tamizh Salai connecting

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in Kadarkarai Salai are the major religious attractions in the city. The church attracts lot of visitors around the country and is one of catholic pilgrimage centers in India dedicated to

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In Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation 65% of the population are Hindus, 30% Christians and 5% Muslims. In the urban agglomeration overall, 71% are Hindus, 25% Christians and 4% Muslims.

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R, Marichamy; B, James, D; H, Mohamad Kasim; M, Rajamani; S, Rengaswamy, V; S, Ameer Hamsa, K M; S, Balasubramanian, T; M, Manickaraja; S, Rajapackiam; G, Arumugam (20 March 1998).

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in Meenakshipuram Pradhana Salai and Thoothukkudi New Bus Terminus in Ettayapuram Salai. About 700 buses are operated from these two bus stands to local and intercity destinations.

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Cleopatra Multiplex, KSPS Ganapathy Kalaiarangam, Perison Plaza Multiscreen, Sathya Theatre, and Sri Balakrishna Talkies are the movie theaters in the city for movie entertainment.

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and behavior abnormalities. Studies like these led the people of Thoothukudi to protest for the closing of the Sterlite plant in May 2018. On the 22nd of that month, the police

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in 1874. The lines connecting to Thoothukudi is being electrified recently. Thoothukudi has direct daily rail connectivity to Chennai, Mysore, Coimbatore, Okha, Tirunelveli.

3267:— tiny airborne particles seven times finer than human hair–exceeds national standards (60 micrograms per cubic metre, or μg/m) by around 200 per cent. Indian Standards for 4286: 4218: 7114: 5363: 3669: 4368: 2087: 3534: 5956: 3947: 3191: 4102: 4035: 151: 3491: 3175: 3145: 3109: 3073: 3037: 3001: 2967: 2933: 2906: 2887: 2853: 2826: 2110:. Thoothukudi being a harbour city has lot of container truck transport. As of 2008, the number of container trucks entering the city is 1000. The expansion of 1869: 5651: 3224:

from the Tamirabarani with 8 overhead tanks. In the period 2010–2011, a total of 21 million litres of water was supplied everyday for households in the city.

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The major harbour of Thoothukudi is well known as a pearl diving and fishing centre. It is one of the oldest seaports in the world and was the seaport of the

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At the time of the 2011 census, Thoothukudi urban agglomeration had a population of 411,628. A total of 42,756 of the population was under 6 years of age.

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has five 210 MW generators. The first generator was commissioned in July 1979 and the newly built thermal power plant of 1000 MW by NLC and TANGEDCO, the

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Tamil is the predominant language in the city and is spoken by almost 99% of the population. The dialect is the Thoothukudi Tamil which is related to

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and was delimited to the Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi constituencies during the 2009 Lok Sabha election. The constituency was formed after the 2008

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service. Thoothukudi is one of the few cities in India where BSNL's Caller Line Identification (CLI) based internet service Netone is available.

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season. The coolest month is January, and the hottest months are from May to June. The city has very high humidity being in the coastal sector.

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The Portuguese established ports in Thoothukudi during the 16th century, and the Dutch occupied these ports in the 17th century as evidenced by

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are noted as the first Marine Biosphere Reserve of India and have around 36,000 species of flora and fauna. This protected area is called the

6331: 6191: 6126: 4086: 3700: 1807: 679:. Thoothukudi is the capital and headquarters of Thoothukudi district. It is located about 590 kilometres (367 miles) southeast of 424: 181: 5777: 6346: 5102: 2385: 5593: 5283: 5011: 4714: 4382: 4282: 3316:

There are many central and state government research institutes/centres also situated inside and outskirt of Thoothukudi city. Those are:

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which connects Thoothukudi with Chennai Egmore Station is one of the Prestigious Trains of Southern Railway. An 8 Coach Link Train to

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The Shankara Rameshwarar Udanurai Pagampriya Temple, Vaikundapathi Perumal Temple and Jamia Mosque in the centre of the town and the

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Thoothukudi is also known by the name 'Pearl City'. It is also called the "Sea Gateway of Tamil Nadu." Thoothukudi is part of the

6301: 6281: 6241: 5957:"Anti-Sterlite protests: 13 dead, 102 injured in Thoothukudi; electricity supply to Sterlite Industries cut off | As it happened" 2413: 1882: 1033: 700: 692: 601: 5701: 6321: 6291: 6271: 6246: 2626: 2608: 2426: 2365: 2067: 1857: 1590: 432: 135: 5367: 4211: 3921: 6341: 6316: 6311: 6251: 5519: 3614: 4620:"Tamilnad Mercantile Bank targets Rs 50,000 crore business by 2013 - Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis" 214: 3538: 857:'s geography refers to Korkai as a center of pearl fishing while describing commercial relations between western India and 7119: 6784: 6351: 6286: 5879: 3240: 902:

as the chairmen of municipal corporation made significant contributions, laying the foundations for a modern Thoothukudi.

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is at Vagaikulam, 14 km (9 mi) from the heart of the city. It has flights to Bengaluru and Chennai operated by

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Guard. The Station Commander is responsible for Coast Guard operations in this area of jurisdiction in Gulf of Mannar.

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and science colleges, three polytechnics in the city. It also has a Fisheries college in the outskirts affiliated to

4955: 4076: 6116: 3356: 2173: 2159: 1861: 1753: 822: 796: 572: 565: 321: 5084: 3632:"Chera, Chola, Pandya: using archaeological evidence to identify the Tamil kingdoms of early historic South India" 3235:(BSNL), India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider. Both Global System for Mobile Communications ( 5439: 3351: 3152: 3080: 3008: 2940: 2799: 2569: 2497: 2373: 2287: 853:, near present-day Thoothukudi, has been a center for maritime trade and pearl fishing for more than 2000 years. 5567: 1811:

marginal agricultural labourers, 280 marginal workers in household industries and 4,109 other marginal workers.

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extended from Comari towards the north, including Korkai, where the pearl fisheries were. Eventually, the

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Thoothukudi is known as "Pearl City" due to the pearl fishing carried out in the town. It is a commercial

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is an artificial deep-sea harbour. It is one of the major ports in India. A luxury ferry liner, the

6764: 5417: 4919: 3300: 3288: 3276: 3092: 2786: 2757: 2700: 2666: 1865: 876: 835: 550: 4805: 1927:) have set up office in Thoothukudi. The port also has a dedicated container terminal operated by 7009: 6969: 6623: 5781: 5394: 5060: 4749: 3661: 3244: 2450: 2178: 2150: 1936: 1044: 884: 764: 684: 6183: 5803: 5465: 5106: 4339:"Major and minor fisheries harbours of India. 6. The fisheries harbour and fishery at Tuticorin" 2172:, it operate daily four services to Chennai and one trip to Bengaluru. The State Government and 1960:

via Tuticorin is also waiting for approvals, currently the project is shelved by Railway Board.

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is the nearest international airport located at a distance of about 200 km (124 mi).

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under the National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program (NAMP) for the period 2011 - 2015.

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bakery items especially Macaroon. It is a light, baked confection including ingredients like

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A total of 24,959 were under the age of six, constituting 12,684 males and 12,275 females.

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in Tamil Nadu, next to Chennai. Thoothukudi City serves as the headquarters of

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Thoothukudi became the citadel of freedom struggles in the early of the 20th century.

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This article is about the city in Tamil Nadu, India. For its namesake district, see

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34–47 wards; North zone has 1–13 and 17, 18 wards; and South zone has 48–60 wards.

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took over Thoothukudi. Conducted trade with the Portuguese. The Empire split into

4112:. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 763–764. Archived from 3795: 3509: 2368:

once every five years. From the 1952 elections, the assembly seat was won by the

7049: 7029: 6964: 6944: 6914: 6894: 6879: 6844: 6824: 6799: 6774: 6683: 6643: 6562: 6462: 6426: 6411: 6391: 5239: 3210: 3020: 2123: 2119: 2009: 1982: 1957: 1006: 994: 788: 346: 84: 5883: 4519: 7034: 6989: 6974: 6919: 6869: 6854: 6849: 6834: 6728: 6718: 6678: 6663: 6638: 6628: 6593: 6547: 6537: 6527: 6512: 6482: 6472: 6436: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6215: 4144:. India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M206. Archived from 1051: 917: 858: 810: 668: 314: 5848:"List of cities where BSNL broadband service is available (As on 01.01.2007)" 5261: 3959: 3833: 3712: 3243:(CDMA) mobile services are available. Apart from telecom, BSNL also provides 980: 967: 265: 252: 7074: 7064: 7059: 7039: 7024: 6984: 6949: 6829: 6814: 6723: 6703: 6688: 6583: 6532: 5598: 5315: 5288: 5016: 4387: 3552: 2444: 2218: 2091: 1953: 1064: 1009:. The hinterlands of the port of the city are connected to the districts of 688: 652: 538: 533: 418: 5147: 113: 3647: 3320:(FCRI) outside on Harbour bybass road, Thoothukudi Research Centre of The 2090:

operates long-distance buses connecting the city to important cities like

1840: 6999: 6994: 6809: 6804: 6759: 6668: 6633: 6618: 6557: 6406: 6296: 5992: 4959: 4139:"Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" 1080: 1076: 934: 867: 792: 631: 582: 358: 353: 17: 6173: 5487:"Economic and political weekly, Volume 30". Sameeksha Trust. 1995: 2396. 2372:(INC) five times during the 1952, 1957, 1958, 1960, and 1962 elections; 7054: 6959: 6954: 6884: 6864: 6769: 6673: 6522: 6517: 6467: 3656: 3510:"List of Polytechnic Colleges in Tamil Nadu - Polytechnic College List" 3328:(CERI) in new harbour area, Thoothukudi and Sub-Regional office of The 3284: 2214: 2186: 2185:

is the nearest customs airport with daily international connections to

2099: 2095: 1978: 1944: 1932: 1072: 1002: 854: 739: 735:. Thoothukudi is an emerging energy and industrial hub of South India. 680: 508: 362: 282: 5443: 4078:

Fisheries Development in India: The Political Economy Of Unsustainable

3308:

on protestors killing 13 and injuring 102. The plant was soon closed.

6979: 6899: 6502: 6492: 3292: 3280: 2198: 2169: 1990: 1974: 930: 926: 850: 169:

Pearl City, Salt Capital of Tamil Nadu and Sea Gateway of Tamil Nadu.

5923:"thoothukudi-sole-city-from-tn-to-have-high-levels-of-air-pollution" 4343:

Marine Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Series

4338: 3948:"Owners having salt pans near 'Tharuvaikulam odai' suffer huge loss" 3922:"The Lives of the Salt Harvesters of Thoothukudi in a Warming World" 5442:. Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. 2006. Archived from 4469: 3216:

Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by the

707:

in India. Major educational establishments in the city include the

6889: 6452: 6149: 5146:. Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation Ltd. 2011. Archived from 2277: 2190: 2036: 1995: 1904: 1896: 1839: 1831: 1060: 916: 839: 403: 366: 295: 143: 6161: 3268: 3264: 3257: 3231:

Thoothukudi comes under the Thoothukudi Telecom District of the

1989:

is slightly different from European macaroons since it contains

1618: 370: 6187: 5364:"Consolidated Construction to focus on infrastructure projects" 4594: 3263:

The city has a lot of red industries as a result of which the

3236: 887:. The Nawab eventually ceded the land to the British in 1801. 727:(Thoothukudi Campus), and Government Polytechnic College. The 621: 6178: 4776: 1091:

Climate data for Thoothukudi (1981–2010, extremes 1955–2012)

4912:"Project on Madurai-Tuticorin Industrial Corridor gets push" 4283:"Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue (Town) - Tamil Nadu" 1613: 6061:"The Marine Products Exports Development Authority (MPEDA)" 5853:. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL). 2007. Archived from 5144:"S. E. T. C. Tamil Nadu Ltd., Computer reservation centres" 4745:"Thoothukudi outer harbour project to commence in Jan 2015" 4569: 4444: 4212:"Table C-01 Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" 3740:. Thoothukudi district, Government of India. Archived from 5828:. Thoothukudi Corporation, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011 5366:. Indo-Asian News Service. 7 October 2008. Archived from 4693: 4494: 1872:, Thoothukudi Alkali Chemicals and Fertilizers Limited, 1059:

and pearl oysters are some of the exotic species, while

687:, and 580 kilometres (360 miles) southeast of 6017: 4171:"Area and Population, Tuticorin corporation Population" 3458: 3456: 5594:"An industrial hub lagging behind in basic facilities" 5012:"Synthetic turf tennis court inaugurated in Tuticorin" 5707:. Indian Wind Power Association. 2011. Archived from 2364:

assembly constituency, and it elects a member to the

2177:

Boeing 737s. There was also a proposal in 2009 for a

1868:

Captive power plant. Thoothukudi Spinning Mills Ltd,

6090:

Conversion of City Corporate Plan into Business Plan

5882:. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. 2007. Archived from 3387: 3385: 3383: 3381: 1915:

State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu

6742: 6576: 6445: 6369: 6360: 6222: 5936:Maharajan, K.; Samual, Kirubakaran (28 June 2010). 5522:. Tamil Nadu state government. 2010. Archived from 4103:"Station: Tuticorin Climatological Table 1981–2010" 3199:

Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University

933:, near Palayakayal. It was later taken over by the 616: 608: 591: 581: 571: 561: 549: 532: 522: 517: 507: 496: 486: 478: 473: 465: 457: 449: 444: 430: 416: 401: 391: 381: 376: 352: 340: 332: 320: 301: 281: 41: 4287:Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 4219:Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 6043:"CSIR-CECRI > Outreach Centres > Tuticorin" 5602:. Chennai, India. 9 December 2009. Archived from 5292:. Chennai, India. 29 January 2007. Archived from 5262:"Indian Railways FAQ: IR History: Early Days - 2" 5126: 5124: 5020:. Tuticorin, India. 28 April 2009. Archived from 2134:2.57 billion sanctioned and is in progress. 1706:Thoothukudi was a port town during the period of 5780:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011. Archived from 5675:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011. Archived from 5628:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011. Archived from 5105:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011. Archived from 4887:"Madurai-Tuticorin new direct rail line sought" 4404: 4402: 4206: 4204: 4173:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011. Archived from 3192:List of educational institutions in Thoothukudi 5284:"Plan to upgrade railway station in Tuticorin" 4777:"Welcome to V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority" 921:View of the Dutch port in Thoothukudi, in 1752 6199: 5993:"Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute" 5440:"Commissionerate of Municipal Administration" 4868:"Study for 3 industrial corridors on NH over" 4570:"Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute" 4391:. Chennai, India. 3 July 2006. Archived from 3790: 3788: 3767:"Thoothukudi marks 36 years of its formation" 2158:There is also halt-railway station, known as 1969:of BSNL connecting Thoothukudi with Colombo. 1943:Thoothukudi is the end point of the proposed 1870:Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation 8: 6022:Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute 5652:"Chamber demands ESI hospital for Tuticorin" 4982:"BSNL picks Tuticorin to be landing station" 4421:Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited (2012). 4367:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4230: 4228: 3330:Marine Products Export Development Authority 2392:with the following assembly constituencies: 1604: 1001:, about 604 kilometres (375 miles) south of 5338:"Press Information Bureau English Releases" 4804:. Port Trust of India. 2011. Archived from 4081:. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. p. 342. 3701:"HC rules in favour of the Prince of Arcot" 3584:. Thoothukudi district, Government of India 3322:Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute 1888:Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute 6366: 6206: 6192: 6184: 5390:"Tuticorin-Colombo ferry sets sail —" 5195:"Plea to expedite pit line extension work" 4383:"Tuticorin fishing harbour to be upgraded" 4236:"Census Info 2011 Final population totals" 3998:. APH Publishing Corporation. p. 53. 3609:. Asian Educational Services. p. 10. 3492:"New Marine Training Academy at Tuticorin" 3436:"Provisional population totals of UA 2011" 3326:Central Electrochemical Research Institute 2613: 2431: 1909:Thoothukudi Thermal Power Station at Night 1603: 1087: 695:, Thoothukudi has the second highest 683:, 190 kilometres (118 miles) northeast of 38: 4715:" “Tuticorin, dynamic centre of growth” " 3655: 7115:Cities and towns in Thoothukudi district 5981:Fisheries College and Research Institute 4046: 4044: 3318:Fisheries College and Research Institute 3117:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3045:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2975:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2861:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2534:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2378:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2320: 2242: 2195:Thiruvananthapuram International Airport 713:Fisheries College and Research Institute 6115:J., Sacratees; R. Karthigarani (2008). 4958:. All India Radio. 2012. Archived from 4034:was invoked but never defined (see the 3820:Joseph, J Praveen Paul (22 July 2014). 3377: 1050:The 21 islands between Thoothukudi and 1005:and 125 kilometres (78 miles) north of 809:The 21 islands between Thoothukudi and 615: 548: 531: 516: 506: 472: 464: 453:90.663 km (35.005 sq mi) 443: 375: 280: 245: 173: 165: 57: 5501: 5490: 5175:. Tamil Nadu Highways Department. 2011 4852:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4845: 4670:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4663: 4360: 3920:Thiagarajan, Kamala (22 August 2017). 3420:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3413: 2083:Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation 729:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 709:Government Thoothukudi Medical College 396:Thoothukudi City Municipal Corporation 5316:"Indian Railways Station Codes Index" 4520:"Nila Sea Foods Pvt. Ltd - Tuticorin" 4425:. Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited 3606:The Tamils Eighteen Hundred Years Ago 2638: 2456: 2284: 2254: 2225:Municipal administration and politics 1808:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 1055:home to rare marine flora and fauna. 607: 590: 580: 570: 560: 521: 495: 485: 477: 456: 448: 429: 415: 409:N. Jagan Periyasamy Dinesh Kumar C., 400: 390: 380: 351: 339: 331: 319: 300: 7: 6088:Urban Infrastructure report (2008). 6018:"Marine Research Institute in India" 5548:. Election Commission of India. 2011 4802:"Official website of Tuticorin Port" 4727:"Make Tuticorin a logistics gateway" 3855:"Welcome to Thoothukudi Corporation" 861:, the chief eastern emporium of the 152:Tiruchendur Subramaniya Swamy Temple 6214:Corporations and Municipalities of 5804:"Storm water drains of Thoothukudi" 5044:"In search of Thoothukudi macaroon" 4733:. Chennai, India. 16 February 2013. 4029: 2382:Thoothukkudi Lok Sabha constituency 2213:, was operating a ferry service to 2088:State Express Transport Corporation 1723:Religion in Thoothukudi City (2011) 819:Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park 221: 188: 5955:Shantanu, Shashank (24 May 2018). 5736:. Corporation of Thoothukudi. 2011 5658:. Chennai, India. 2 November 2013. 5240:"Railway Map of India – 1893" 5091:. Tuticorin, India. 28 April 2013. 5050:. Chennai, India. 8 December 2012. 2058:, Ramanathapuram Salai connecting 1890:and a Spices laboratory set up by 667: in the Indian state of 136:Thoothukkudi Thermal Power Station 25: 5546:"Partywise Comparison Since 1977" 5520:"List of Assembly Constituencies" 5212:Peebles, Patrick (January 2001). 5170:"Tamil Nadu Highways policy note" 3884:Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation 3367:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 3207:Manonmaniam Sundaranar University 2510:J. Jayasingh Thiyagaraj Natterjee 2205:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 1920:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 1901:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 1858:Thoothukudi Thermal Power Station 1821:. English is also widely spoken. 804:Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation 791:. Thoothukudi was settled by the 742:that serves the inland cities of 160:V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority 5201:. Chennai, India. 24 March 2012. 4874:. Chennai, India. 20 April 2013. 4110:Climatological Normals 1981–2010 4075:Korakandy, Ramakrishnan (2008). 4030:Cite error: The named reference 3946:Sudhakar, P. (24 January 2024). 2145:which connects Thoothukudi with 2128: 2074:. The city has two bus termini: 1883:Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited 906:headquarters town, Thoothukudi. 802:The city is administered by the 701:Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited 693:Confederation of Indian Industry 308: 288: 220: 213: 187: 180: 119: 112: 101: 94: 83: 76: 65: 5806:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011 5758:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011 5468:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011 5420:. Thoothukudi Corporation. 2011 5215:The Plantation Tamils of Ceylon 5103:"Thoothukudi corporation roads" 4885:Staff Reporter (21 July 2011). 4423:"Proposed thermal power plants" 2366:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 2234:Municipal corporation officials 2054:, Ettayapuram Salai connecting 2041:Port of Thoothukudi during the 1591:India Meteorological Department 883:, which were overthrown by the 731: is one of the major 715:, Tamil Nadu Maritime Academy, 6179:V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust 3822:"The Tuticorin-Sri Lanka link" 3186:Education and utility services 823:Our Lady of the Snows Basilica 1: 6118:Environment Impact Assessment 5906:"Non Attainment Cities India" 5582:– via www.thehindu.com. 5218:. A&C Black. p. 97. 4900:– via www.thehindu.com. 3733:Thoothukudi district (2011). 3577:Thoothukudi district (2011). 3241:Code division multiple access 1420:Average rainfall mm (inches) 5756:"Waste management programme" 5670:"Vision of Thoothukudi 2025" 5466:"Councillors of Corporation" 3362:Perarignar Anna Bus Terminus 3233:Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited 3222:Thoothukudi City Corporation 3218:Tamil Nadu Electricity Board 2360:Thoothukudi comes under the 2300:2 years, 198 days 2076:Perarignar Anna Bus Terminus 5942:Journal of Ecobiotechnology 5131:Urban Infrastructure Report 5085:"New beach for Thoothukudi" 5072:Urban Infrastructure Report 4409:Urban Infrastructure Report 4300:Urban Infrastructure Report 4196:Urban Infrastructure Report 3980:Urban Infrastructure Report 3312:Research Institutes/Centres 2384:was originally part of the 2138:Thoothukudi Railway Station 1280:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1210:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 838:Coast and is known for its 7136: 7105:Former Portuguese colonies 5130: 5071: 4408: 4299: 4195: 3995:Environment And Toxicology 3979: 3357:Tuti-Melur Railway Station 3189: 2174:Airport Authority of India 2030: 2006:Our Lady of Snows Basilica 1862:NTPL Thermal Power Station 1844:Night Scapes of Pearl City 1836:Salt pans near Thoothukudi 1588: 1090: 1028:Thoothukudi experiences a 993:Thoothukudi is located in 962:Thoothukudi is located at 896:Rao Bahadur Cruz Fernandez 797:British East India Company 612:40 kilometres (25 mi) 144:Pearl Oyster of Pearl City 26: 3900:www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in 3800:www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in 3553:"Thoothukudi - Wikimapia" 3464:"Thoothukudi Vision 2025" 3352:Tuticorin Railway Station 3156: 3153:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3151: 3127: 3124: 3081:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3009:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2941:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2871: 2868: 2864: 2859: 2803: 2800:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2798: 2699: 2683: 2678: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2573: 2570:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2568: 2544: 2541: 2498:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2374:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2326: 2323: 2299: 2294: 2291: 2288:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 2286: 2273: 2257: 2251: 2248: 2245: 1964:Entertainment and leisure 1935:. The Station Commander, 1790: 1782: 1777: 1767: 1762: 1752: 1747: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1690: 1631:— 1533: 1489: 1419: 1349: 1279: 1209: 1139: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1095: 763:, Tirunelveli Sultanate, 246: 174: 166: 58: 51: 36:City in Tamil Nadu, India 6121:. APH Publishing House. 5342:Press information bureau 4474:www.kilburnchemicals.com 3603:Kanakasabhai, V (1997). 3514:Polytechnic College List 3332:(MPEDA) in Millerpuram. 2680:Indian National Congress 2386:Tirunelveli constituency 2370:Indian National Congress 2033:Transport in Thoothukudi 1949:Government of Tamil Nadu 717:V.O. Chidambaram College 406:Corporation Commissioner 156:Salt Pans in Thoothukudi 148:Our Lady Of Snows Church 6905:Nandivaram-Guduvancheri 6174:Thoothukudi Corporation 6155:18 January 2019 at the 5826:"Thoothukudi hospitals" 5418:"About the Corporation" 4062: 4050: 4018: 3630:Abraham, Shinu (2003). 3441:. Census of India. 2011 2691:P. P. M. T. Ponnuswami 2656:J. L. P. Roche Victoria 1925:St John Freight Systems 1913:Thoothukudi also has a 942:as its first chairman. 900:J. L. P. Roche Victoria 795:, Dutch, and later the 697:Human Development Index 671:. The city lies on the 634:.thoothukudicorporation 201:Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu 5778:"Thoothukudi sewarage" 5734:"Water Supply Details" 5500:Cite journal requires 3992:Kumar, Arvind (2005). 3896:"Thoothukudi District" 3796:"Thoothukudi District" 3771:The New Indian Express 2046: 2001: 1993:as a main ingredient. 1910: 1902: 1845: 1837: 922: 469:29 m (95 ft) 266:8.764200°N 78.134800°E 204:Show map of Tamil Nadu 132:Clockwise from the top 5626:"Thoothukudi schools" 5061:Thoothukkudi macaroon 3735:"Thoothukudi History" 3648:10.1353/asi.2003.0031 3579:"Thoothukudi Tourism" 3471:thoothukudi.tn.nic.in 2546:Kanimozhi Karunanidhi 2427:members of parliament 2068:Thermal Power Station 2040: 2000:Thoothukkudi Macroons 1999: 1987:Thoothukkudi macaroon 1908: 1900: 1892:Spices Board of India 1843: 1835: 1605:Historical population 1030:hot semi-arid climate 954:Geography and climate 940:J.M.B. Roche Victoria 920: 703:, one of the leading 657:municipal corporation 523: • Official 386:Municipal corporation 7120:Port cities in India 6785:Gudalur (Coimbatore) 4956:"All India Stations" 4916:newindianexpress.com 4599:www.indianspices.com 4549:thoothukudionline.in 3707:. 7 September 2019. 3347:Thoothukudi massacre 3301:endocrine disrupters 3289:respiratory problems 3251:Environmental Issues 2609:legislative assembly 2114:from Thoothukudi to 2070:, SPIC industry and 1140:Record high °C (°F) 913:History of the ports 849:The ancient town of 705:private sector banks 665:Thoothukudi district 573:Vehicle registration 46:Tuticorin (colonial) 29:Thoothukudi District 6167:6 June 2015 at the 5961:www.indiatvnews.com 5702:"Important Address" 5370:on 20 February 2009 4944:. 19 November 2018. 4757:on 15 February 2014 4696:on 23 November 2012 4652:on 23 February 2014 4177:on 21 February 2013 3402:on 26 December 2018 3093:S. T. Chellapandian 2732:R. J. Sundar Singh 2420:Legislative leaders 2166:Thoothukudi Airport 1866:Sterlite Industries 1783:Other or not stated 1606: 1490:Average rainy days 1350:Record low °C (°F) 977: / 877:Vijayanagara Empire 691:. According to the 659:, and an 577:TN-69, TN-92, TN-96 271:8.764200; 78.134800 262: / 234:Thoothukudi (India) 7010:Thirumuruganpoondi 6970:Punjai Puliampatti 6790:Gudalur (Nilgiris) 5860:on 4 February 2007 5714:on 16 October 2012 5606:on 5 November 2012 5446:on 6 November 2012 5395:The Times of India 4992:on 1 December 2005 4986:The Indian Express 4834:on 29 October 2013 4808:on 2 November 2016 4781:www.vocport.gov.in 4750:The Times of India 4626:. 12 December 2009 4151:on 5 February 2020 4119:on 5 February 2020 3636:Asian Perspectives 3496:The Times Of India 3279:, eye irritation, 3245:broadband internet 2151:Pearl City Express 2047: 2002: 1937:Indian Coast Guard 1911: 1903: 1846: 1838: 1045:south-west monsoon 923: 765:Vijayanagar Empire 685:Thiruvananthapuram 450: • Metro 167:Nickname(s): 7087: 7086: 7083: 7082: 7070:Vikramasingapuram 7020:Thiruthuraipoondi 6478:Gobichettipalayam 6422:Theni Allinagaram 6128:978-81-313-0407-5 5318:. Irfca.org. 2006 5264:. Irfca.org. 2006 5242:. irfca.org. 2006 4088:978-81-7835-634-1 3773:. 20 October 2022 3342:Tuticorin Airport 3183: 3182: 2896:25 February 1985 2880:15 November 1984 2846:17 February 1980 2754:28 February 1967 2721:3 September 1958 2600: 2599: 2358: 2357: 2346:15 February 2024 2314: 2313: 2155:Guruvayur Express 2043:Madras Presidency 1929:PSA International 1874:Heavy Water Board 1795: 1794: 1704: 1703: 1596: 1595: 1536:relative humidity 1041:northeast monsoon 759:, Later Pandyas, 647:(formerly called 642: 641: 491:8th in Tamil Nadu 487: • Rank 479: • City 458: • Rank 392: • Body 382: • Type 237:Show map of India 140:Tuticorin Airport 16:(Redirected from 7127: 6397:Maraimalai Nagar 6367: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6185: 6139: 6137: 6135: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6101: 6094: 6076: 6075: 6073: 6071: 6057: 6051: 6050: 6049:on 28 June 2013. 6045:. Archived from 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6014: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 5997:www.cmfri.org.in 5989: 5983: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5933: 5927: 5926: 5919: 5913: 5912: 5910: 5902: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5876: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5859: 5852: 5844: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5822: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5800: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5774: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5752: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5713: 5706: 5698: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5681: 5674: 5666: 5660: 5659: 5648: 5642: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5581: 5579: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5542: 5536: 5535: 5533: 5531: 5516: 5510: 5509: 5503: 5498: 5496: 5488: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5360: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5349: 5334: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5323: 5312: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5258: 5252: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5236: 5230: 5229: 5209: 5203: 5202: 5191: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5140: 5134: 5128: 5119: 5118: 5116: 5114: 5099: 5093: 5092: 5081: 5075: 5069: 5063: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5008: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4988:. Archived from 4978: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4962:on 16 April 2012 4952: 4946: 4945: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4918:. Archived from 4908: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4882: 4876: 4875: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4851: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4830:. Archived from 4824: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4798: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4773: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4753:. Archived from 4741: 4735: 4734: 4723: 4717: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4692:. Archived from 4682: 4676: 4675: 4669: 4661: 4659: 4657: 4648:. Archived from 4642: 4636: 4635: 4633: 4631: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4580: 4574:www.cmfri.org.in 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4524:nilaseafoods.com 4516: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4466: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4441: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4418: 4412: 4406: 4397: 4396: 4379: 4373: 4372: 4366: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4290: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4262: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4232: 4223: 4222: 4216: 4208: 4199: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4184: 4182: 4167: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4150: 4143: 4135: 4129: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4118: 4107: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4072: 4066: 4060: 4054: 4048: 4039: 4033: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4010: 4009: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3892: 3886: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3861:. Archived from 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3817: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3792: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3746: 3739: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3697: 3691: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3668:. Archived from 3659: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3583: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3549: 3543: 3542: 3537:. Archived from 3531: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3520: 3506: 3500: 3499: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3480:on 4 March 2016. 3479: 3473:. Archived from 3468: 3460: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3440: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3419: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3401: 3395:. Archived from 3389: 3179: 3149: 3129:P. Geetha Jeevan 3113: 3077: 3057:P. Geetha Jeevan 3041: 3005: 2971: 2937: 2926:30 January 1991 2923:6 February 1989 2910: 2899:30 January 1988 2891: 2857: 2830: 2819:31 January 1976 2796: 2767: 2710: 2676: 2639:Political party 2636: 2614: 2596: 2566: 2530: 2494: 2457:Political party 2454: 2432: 2321: 2255:Political party 2243: 2133: 2132: 1720: 1719: 1620: 1615: 1607: 1545: 1088: 992: 991: 989: 988: 987: 982: 978: 975: 974: 973: 970: 777:Carnatic kingdom 761:Ma'bar Sultanate 673:Coromandel Coast 638: 635: 633: 628: 625: 623: 313: 312: 311: 294: 292: 291: 277: 276: 274: 273: 272: 267: 263: 260: 259: 258: 255: 238: 224: 223: 217: 205: 191: 190: 184: 123: 116: 105: 98: 87: 80: 69: 39: 21: 7135: 7134: 7130: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7125: 7124: 7090: 7089: 7088: 7079: 6930:Padmanabhapuram 6820:Karumathampatti 6795:Gudalur (Theni) 6738: 6572: 6446:Selection grade 6441: 6356: 6332:Tiruchirappalli 6218: 6212: 6169:Wayback Machine 6157:Wayback Machine 6150:Thoothukudiinfo 6146: 6133: 6131: 6129: 6114: 6105: 6103: 6102:on 17 June 2013 6099: 6092: 6087: 6084: 6079: 6069: 6067: 6059: 6058: 6054: 6041: 6040: 6036: 6026: 6024: 6016: 6015: 6011: 6001: 5999: 5991: 5990: 5986: 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5954: 5953: 5949: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5921: 5920: 5916: 5908: 5904: 5903: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5886:on 8 March 2012 5878: 5877: 5873: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5850: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5831: 5829: 5824: 5823: 5819: 5809: 5807: 5802: 5801: 5797: 5787: 5785: 5784:on 17 June 2013 5776: 5775: 5771: 5761: 5759: 5754: 5753: 5749: 5739: 5737: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5717: 5715: 5711: 5704: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5685: 5683: 5682:on 4 March 2016 5679: 5672: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5650: 5649: 5645: 5635: 5633: 5632:on 17 June 2013 5624: 5623: 5619: 5609: 5607: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5577: 5575: 5568:"Demonstration" 5566: 5565: 5561: 5551: 5549: 5544: 5543: 5539: 5529: 5527: 5526:on 14 June 2012 5518: 5517: 5513: 5499: 5489: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5471: 5469: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5449: 5447: 5438: 5437: 5433: 5423: 5421: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5401: 5399: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5373: 5371: 5362: 5361: 5357: 5347: 5345: 5336: 5335: 5331: 5321: 5319: 5314: 5313: 5309: 5299: 5297: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5260: 5259: 5255: 5245: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5211: 5210: 5206: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5178: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5167: 5163: 5153: 5151: 5150:on 16 June 2018 5142: 5141: 5137: 5133:2008, pp. 13–14 5129: 5122: 5112: 5110: 5109:on 17 June 2013 5101: 5100: 5096: 5083: 5082: 5078: 5070: 5066: 5059: 5055: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5027: 5025: 5010: 5009: 5005: 4995: 4993: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4895: 4893: 4884: 4883: 4879: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4844: 4837: 4835: 4828:"Archived copy" 4826: 4825: 4821: 4811: 4809: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4684: 4683: 4679: 4662: 4655: 4653: 4646:"Archived copy" 4644: 4643: 4639: 4629: 4627: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4593: 4592: 4588: 4578: 4576: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4518: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4493: 4492: 4488: 4478: 4476: 4468: 4467: 4463: 4453: 4451: 4449:www.skscsalt.in 4443: 4442: 4438: 4428: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4415: 4407: 4400: 4395:on 7 July 2006. 4381: 4380: 4376: 4359: 4352: 4350: 4336: 4335: 4331: 4321: 4319: 4317:www.skscsalt.in 4311: 4310: 4306: 4298: 4294: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4255: 4251: 4241: 4239: 4234: 4233: 4226: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4202: 4194: 4190: 4180: 4178: 4169: 4168: 4164: 4154: 4152: 4148: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4122: 4120: 4116: 4105: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4089: 4074: 4073: 4069: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4042: 4031: 4025: 4017: 4013: 4006: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3978: 3974: 3964: 3962: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3930: 3928: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3882: 3878: 3868: 3866: 3865:on 7 March 2014 3853: 3852: 3848: 3838: 3836: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3804: 3802: 3794: 3793: 3786: 3776: 3774: 3765: 3764: 3760: 3750: 3748: 3747:on 17 June 2013 3744: 3737: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3699: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3617: 3602: 3601: 3597: 3587: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3551: 3550: 3546: 3541:on 2 July 2010. 3533: 3532: 3528: 3518: 3516: 3508: 3507: 3503: 3498:. 27 July 2013. 3490: 3489: 3485: 3477: 3466: 3462: 3461: 3454: 3444: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3412: 3405: 3403: 3399: 3393:"Archived copy" 3391: 3390: 3379: 3375: 3338: 3314: 3253: 3194: 3188: 3173: 3172: 3143: 3142: 3107: 3106: 3071: 3070: 3035: 3034: 2999: 2998: 2965: 2964: 2953:V. P. R. Ramesh 2931: 2930: 2904: 2903: 2885: 2884: 2873:S. N. Rajendran 2851: 2850: 2839:N. Dhanasekaran 2824: 2823: 2790: 2789: 2783:5 January 1971 2761: 2760: 2704: 2703: 2670: 2669: 2644:Assumed office 2630: 2629: 2623:Term of office 2612: 2590: 2589: 2560: 2559: 2524: 2523: 2488: 2487: 2474:S. R. Jeyadurai 2462:Assumed office 2448: 2447: 2441:Term of office 2430: 2422: 2338:Time in office 2332:Assumed office 2327:Term in office 2269:Time in office 2263:Assumed office 2258:Term in office 2239:Elected members 2236: 2227: 2183:Madurai Airport 2127: 2035: 2029: 1966: 1830: 1797: 1796: 1788: 1775: 1760: 1745: 1692: 1602: 1597: 1539: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 985: 983: 979: 976: 971: 968: 966: 964: 963: 956: 915: 832: 753:Medieval Cholas 725:Anna University 721:Kamaraj College 661:industrial city 630: 629: 620: 557: 309: 307: 289: 287: 270: 268: 264: 261: 256: 253: 251: 249: 248: 242: 241: 240: 239: 236: 235: 232: 231: 230: 229: 225: 208: 207: 206: 203: 202: 199: 198: 197: 196: 192: 170: 162: 134: 129: 128: 127: 126: 125: 124: 117: 108: 107: 106: 99: 90: 89: 88: 81: 72: 71: 70: 54: 47: 44: 37: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7133: 7131: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7110:Gulf of Mannar 7107: 7102: 7092: 7091: 7085: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6910:Narasingapuram 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6750:Adirampattinam 6746: 6744: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6709:Srivilliputhur 6706: 6701: 6699:Sathyamangalam 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6609:Bodinayakkanur 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6580: 6578: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6553:Udumalaipettai 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6449: 6447: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6417:Ramanathapuram 6414: 6409: 6404: 6402:Mayiladuthurai 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6373: 6371: 6364: 6362:Municipalities 6358: 6357: 6355: 6354: 6349: 6347:Tiruvannamalai 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6228: 6226: 6220: 6219: 6213: 6211: 6210: 6203: 6196: 6188: 6182: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6159: 6145: 6144:External links 6142: 6141: 6140: 6127: 6112: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6052: 6034: 6009: 5984: 5973: 5947: 5928: 5914: 5897: 5871: 5839: 5817: 5795: 5769: 5747: 5725: 5693: 5661: 5643: 5617: 5585: 5574:. 30 June 2016 5559: 5537: 5511: 5502:|journal= 5479: 5457: 5431: 5409: 5398:. 14 June 2011 5381: 5355: 5329: 5307: 5296:on 1 June 2008 5275: 5253: 5231: 5224: 5204: 5186: 5161: 5135: 5120: 5094: 5076: 5064: 5053: 5035: 5003: 4973: 4947: 4933: 4922:on 26 May 2013 4903: 4877: 4859: 4819: 4793: 4768: 4736: 4718: 4707: 4690:www.sipcot.com 4677: 4637: 4611: 4595:"Spices Board" 4586: 4561: 4536: 4511: 4499:www.dcwltd.com 4486: 4461: 4436: 4413: 4398: 4374: 4329: 4304: 4292: 4274: 4249: 4224: 4200: 4188: 4162: 4130: 4094: 4087: 4067: 4055: 4040: 4023: 4011: 4004: 3984: 3972: 3938: 3912: 3887: 3876: 3846: 3812: 3784: 3758: 3725: 3692: 3690:Majeed, pp. 73 3683: 3672:on 5 June 2011 3642:(2): 207–223. 3622: 3615: 3595: 3569: 3544: 3526: 3501: 3483: 3452: 3427: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3370: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3337: 3334: 3313: 3310: 3252: 3249: 3190:Main article: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3180: 3167: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3155: 3150: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3114: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3078: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3042: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3018: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3006: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2977: 2972: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2938: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2900: 2897: 2893: 2892: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2858: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2831: 2820: 2817: 2816:22 March 1971 2814: 2809: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2797: 2784: 2781: 2780:15 March 1967 2778: 2776:M. S. Sivasami 2773: 2769: 2768: 2755: 2752: 2751:29 March 1962 2749: 2744: 2740: 2739: 2736: 2735:10 March 1960 2733: 2730: 2726: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2712: 2711: 2698: 2697:24 April 1958 2695: 2694:29 April 1957 2692: 2689: 2685: 2684: 2682: 2677: 2664: 2663:31 March 1957 2661: 2658: 2653: 2649: 2648: 2645: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2611: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2584: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2567: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2531: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2495: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2429: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2356: 2355: 2354:216 days 2352: 2347: 2344: 2343:L. Madhubalan 2340: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2302: 2301: 2298: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2260: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2235: 2232: 2226: 2223: 2064:Port Authority 2031:Main article: 2028: 2025: 1965: 1962: 1829: 1826: 1793: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1717: 1702: 1701: 1700: 1699: 1696: 1688: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1593: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1092: 1086: 1023:Tiruchirapalli 1019:Ramanathapuram 999:Gulf of Mannar 981:8.53°N 78.36°E 955: 952: 929:kingdom after 914: 911: 885:Nawab of Arcot 881:Nayak kingdoms 873:Pandyan Empire 871:says that the 831: 828: 815:Gulf of Mannar 813:shores in the 769:Madurai Nayaks 744:southern India 733:ports in India 663: in 640: 639: 618: 614: 613: 610: 606: 605: 595: 589: 588: 585: 579: 578: 575: 569: 568: 563: 562:Telephone code 559: 558: 555: 553: 547: 546: 536: 530: 529: 524: 520: 519: 515: 514: 511: 505: 504: 501: 494: 493: 488: 484: 483: 480: 476: 475: 471: 470: 467: 463: 462: 459: 455: 454: 451: 447: 446: 442: 441: 436: 433:State Assembly 428: 427: 422: 414: 413: 407: 399: 398: 393: 389: 388: 383: 379: 378: 374: 373: 356: 350: 349: 344: 338: 337: 334: 330: 329: 324: 318: 317: 305: 299: 298: 285: 279: 278: 244: 243: 233: 227: 226: 219: 218: 212: 211: 210: 209: 200: 194: 193: 186: 185: 179: 178: 177: 176: 175: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 130: 118: 111: 110: 109: 100: 93: 92: 91: 82: 75: 74: 73: 64: 63: 62: 61: 60: 59: 56: 55: 52: 49: 48: 45: 42: 35: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7132: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7097: 7095: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7045:Ulundurpettai 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7015:Thiruninravur 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7005:Tharamangalam 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6875:Maduranthakam 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6741: 6735: 6734:Virudhachalam 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6694:Sankarankovil 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6659:Komarapalayam 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6604:Aruppukkottai 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6575: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6450: 6448: 6444: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6432:Udagamandalam 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6370:Special grade 6368: 6365: 6363: 6359: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6209: 6204: 6202: 6197: 6195: 6190: 6189: 6186: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6166: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6143: 6130: 6124: 6120: 6119: 6113: 6098: 6091: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6066: 6062: 6056: 6053: 6048: 6044: 6038: 6035: 6023: 6019: 6013: 6010: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5985: 5982: 5977: 5974: 5962: 5958: 5951: 5948: 5943: 5939: 5932: 5929: 5924: 5918: 5915: 5907: 5901: 5898: 5885: 5881: 5875: 5872: 5856: 5849: 5843: 5840: 5827: 5821: 5818: 5805: 5799: 5796: 5783: 5779: 5773: 5770: 5757: 5751: 5748: 5735: 5729: 5726: 5710: 5703: 5697: 5694: 5678: 5671: 5665: 5662: 5657: 5653: 5647: 5644: 5631: 5627: 5621: 5618: 5605: 5601: 5600: 5595: 5589: 5586: 5573: 5569: 5563: 5560: 5547: 5541: 5538: 5525: 5521: 5515: 5512: 5507: 5494: 5483: 5480: 5467: 5461: 5458: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5432: 5419: 5413: 5410: 5397: 5396: 5391: 5385: 5382: 5369: 5365: 5359: 5356: 5343: 5339: 5333: 5330: 5317: 5311: 5308: 5295: 5291: 5290: 5285: 5279: 5276: 5263: 5257: 5254: 5241: 5235: 5232: 5227: 5225:9780718501549 5221: 5217: 5216: 5208: 5205: 5200: 5196: 5190: 5187: 5171: 5165: 5162: 5149: 5145: 5139: 5136: 5132: 5127: 5125: 5121: 5108: 5104: 5098: 5095: 5090: 5086: 5080: 5077: 5074:2008, pp. 6-7 5073: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5057: 5054: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5036: 5024:on 2 May 2009 5023: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5007: 5004: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4974: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4948: 4943: 4937: 4934: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4907: 4904: 4892: 4888: 4881: 4878: 4873: 4869: 4863: 4860: 4855: 4849: 4833: 4829: 4823: 4820: 4807: 4803: 4797: 4794: 4782: 4778: 4772: 4769: 4756: 4752: 4751: 4746: 4740: 4737: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4711: 4708: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4651: 4647: 4641: 4638: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4600: 4596: 4590: 4587: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4562: 4550: 4546: 4540: 4537: 4525: 4521: 4515: 4512: 4500: 4496: 4490: 4487: 4475: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4450: 4446: 4440: 4437: 4424: 4417: 4414: 4410: 4405: 4403: 4399: 4394: 4390: 4389: 4384: 4378: 4375: 4370: 4364: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4333: 4330: 4318: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4301: 4296: 4293: 4288: 4284: 4278: 4275: 4259: 4258:"2011 census" 4253: 4250: 4237: 4231: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4213: 4207: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4192: 4189: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4163: 4147: 4140: 4134: 4131: 4115: 4111: 4104: 4098: 4095: 4090: 4084: 4080: 4079: 4071: 4068: 4064: 4059: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4027: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4012: 4007: 4005:81-7648-917-4 4001: 3997: 3996: 3988: 3985: 3981: 3976: 3973: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3942: 3939: 3927: 3923: 3916: 3913: 3901: 3897: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3880: 3877: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3847: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3816: 3813: 3801: 3797: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3743: 3736: 3729: 3726: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3693: 3687: 3684: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3626: 3623: 3618: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3599: 3596: 3580: 3573: 3570: 3558: 3557:wikimapia.org 3554: 3548: 3545: 3540: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3515: 3511: 3505: 3502: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3484: 3476: 3472: 3465: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3437: 3431: 3428: 3423: 3417: 3398: 3394: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3378: 3372: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3277:skin diseases 3273: 3270: 3266: 3261: 3259: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3193: 3185: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3147: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3075: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2987:N. Periyasamy 2985: 2982: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2973: 2969: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2919:N. Periyasamy 2917: 2914: 2913: 2908: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2889: 2882: 2879: 2877:19 June 1980 2876: 2874: 2867: 2862: 2855: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2812:R. Ramalingam 2810: 2807: 2806: 2801: 2794: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2738:1 March 1962 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2724:29 July 1959 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2634: 2628: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2594: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578:25 June 2024 2577: 2576: 2571: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2550:18 June 2019 2549: 2547: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2528: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2492: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2452: 2446: 2433: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2341: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2303: 2297: 2292:4 March 2022 2289: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2233: 2231: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2211: 2210:Scotia Prince 2206: 2202: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2143:Vivek Express 2139: 2135: 2131: 2126:at a cost of 2125: 2121: 2117: 2116:Kanniyakumari 2113: 2109: 2108:Kanniyakumari 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2011: 2007: 1998: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1970: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1907: 1899: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1884: 1878: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1854: 1850: 1842: 1834: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1804: 1802: 1799:According to 1785: 1781: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1713: 1709: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1617: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1599: 1592: 1587: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1543: 1537: 1532: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1488: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1348: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1278: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1208: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1138: 1094: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1079:, crabs, and 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 990: 960: 953: 951: 947: 943: 941: 936: 932: 928: 919: 912: 910: 907: 903: 901: 897: 893: 888: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 869: 864: 860: 856: 852: 847: 845: 841: 837: 836:Pearl Fishery 829: 827: 824: 820: 816: 812: 807: 805: 800: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 749:Early Pandyas 745: 741: 736: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 677:Bay of Bengal 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 637: 627: 619: 611: 603: 599: 596: 594: 586: 584: 576: 574: 567: 564: 554: 552: 544: 540: 537: 535: 528: 525: 513:Thoothukudian 512: 510: 502: 500: 497: • 492: 489: 481: 468: 460: 452: 440: 437: 434: 431: • 426: 423: 420: 417: • 412: 408: 405: 402: • 397: 394: 387: 384: 372: 368: 364: 360: 357: 355: 348: 345: 343: 335: 328: 325: 323: 316: 306: 304: 297: 286: 284: 275: 247:Coordinates: 216: 183: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 122: 115: 104: 97: 86: 79: 68: 50: 40: 34: 30: 19: 6940:Pallipalayam 6925:Oddanchatram 6840:Koothanallur 6780:Edaganasalai 6755:Ambasamudram 6743:Second grade 6714:Tirumangalam 6654:Kallakurichi 6649:Kadayanallur 6614:Chengalpattu 6568:Virudhunagar 6543:Tiruchengode 6508:Pattukkottai 6498:Nagapattinam 6488:Mettupalayam 6327:Thoothukkudi 6267:Kancheepuram 6224:Corporations 6132:. Retrieved 6117: 6104:. Retrieved 6097:the original 6068:. Retrieved 6065:mpeda.gov.in 6064: 6055: 6047:the original 6037: 6025:. Retrieved 6021: 6012: 6000:. Retrieved 5996: 5987: 5976: 5964:. Retrieved 5960: 5950: 5941: 5931: 5917: 5900: 5888:. Retrieved 5884:the original 5874: 5862:. Retrieved 5855:the original 5842: 5830:. Retrieved 5820: 5808:. Retrieved 5798: 5786:. Retrieved 5782:the original 5772: 5760:. Retrieved 5750: 5738:. Retrieved 5728: 5716:. Retrieved 5709:the original 5696: 5684:. Retrieved 5677:the original 5664: 5655: 5646: 5634:. Retrieved 5630:the original 5620: 5608:. Retrieved 5604:the original 5597: 5588: 5576:. Retrieved 5571: 5562: 5550:. Retrieved 5540: 5528:. Retrieved 5524:the original 5514: 5493:cite journal 5482: 5470:. Retrieved 5460: 5448:. Retrieved 5444:the original 5434: 5422:. Retrieved 5412: 5402:20 September 5400:. Retrieved 5393: 5384: 5372:. Retrieved 5368:the original 5358: 5346:. Retrieved 5341: 5332: 5322:20 September 5320:. 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Ponnusamy 2647:Left office 2581: 2553:5 June 2024 2517:24 May 2019 2514:4 June 2014 2481:18 May 2014 2478:1 June 2009 2465:Left office 2406:Srivaikuntam 2398:Thoothukkudi 2394:Vilathikulam 2390:delimitation 2359: 2349: 2335:Left office 2317:Commissioner 2316: 2315: 2306:Deputy Mayor 2295: 2266:Left office 2238: 2237: 2228: 2208: 2203: 2164: 2136: 2104:Nagapattinam 2080: 2048: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2003: 1971: 1967: 1942: 1912: 1879: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1823: 1819:Nellai Tamil 1816: 1813: 1805: 1798: 1705: 1600:Demographics 1069:holothurians 1049: 1036: 1027: 961: 957: 948: 944: 924: 908: 904: 892:Pagoda coins 889: 866: 865:Empire. The 848: 846:industries. 844:shipbuilding 842:fishing and 833: 808: 801: 773:Chanda Sahib 757:Later Cholas 737: 675:of the 651:) is a 648: 644: 643: 439:Thoothukkudi 435:Constituency 425:Thoothukkudi 421:Constituency 131: 33: 7100:Thoothukudi 7050:Usilampatti 7030:Tiruchendur 6965:Puliyankudi 6945:Periyakulam 6915:Nellikuppam 6895:Melvisharam 6880:Manamadurai 6860:Kuzhithurai 6845:Kottakuppam 6825:Kayalpatnam 6800:Jolarpettai 6775:Chinnamanur 6684:Poonamallee 6644:Jayankondam 6577:First grade 6563:Vaniyambadi 6463:Chidambaram 6427:Tiruverkadu 6412:Rajapalayam 6392:Krishnagiri 6337:Tirunelveli 6302:Pudukkottai 6162:Thoothukudi 5890:29 December 5864:29 December 5832:29 December 5810:29 December 5788:29 December 5762:29 December 5740:29 December 5718:29 December 5686:29 December 5636:29 December 5610:29 December 5552:29 December 5530:28 December 5472:29 December 5450:29 December 5424:29 December 5348:29 December 5179:29 December 5113:29 December 5028:29 December 4996:29 December 4966:29 December 4812:29 December 4429:29 December 4411:2008, p. 15 4302:2008, p. 17 4267:29 December 4198:2008, p. 12 4181:29 December 4065:2008, p. 17 4053:2008, p. 14 4021:2008, p. 10 3751:30 December 3657:10125/17189 3588:29 December 3445:29 December 3406:29 December 3306:opened fire 3211:Tirunelveli 3136:3 May 2021 3021:S. Rajammal 2660:3 May 1952 2410:Ottapidaram 2402:Tiruchendur 2362:Thoothukudi 2310:S. Jenitta 2124:Koodankulam 2120:Tiruchendur 2045:, c.a. 1913 2010:Virgin Mary 1958:Kanyakumari 1801:2011 census 1057:Coral reefs 1015:Tirunelveli 1007:Kanyakumari 995:South India 986:8.53; 78.36 984: / 645:Thoothukudi 622:thoothukudi 347:Pandya Nadu 333:Former name 327:Thoothukudi 269: / 228:Thoothukudi 195:Thoothukudi 43:Thoothukudi 7094:Categories 7035:Tirukoilur 6990:Sholinghur 6975:Rameswaram 6935:Pallapatti 6920:Nelliyalam 6870:Madukkarai 6855:Kundrathur 6850:Kulithalai 6835:Kollankodu 6729:Vedaranyam 6719:Tiruvallur 6679:Paramakudi 6664:Manapparai 6639:Gudiyatham 6629:Devakottai 6594:Aranthangi 6548:Tirupattur 6538:Tindivanam 6528:Thiruvarur 6513:Perambalur 6483:Mannargudi 6473:Dharapuram 6437:Viluppuram 6387:Kovilpatti 6382:Kodaikanal 6377:Dharmapuri 6282:Kumbakonam 6242:Coimbatore 6216:Tamil Nadu 6082:References 4838:28 October 4656:4 November 4242:26 January 3982:2008, p. 6 3616:8120601505 2718:A. Samuel 2414:Kovilpatti 2179:greenfield 2160:Tuti-Melur 1754:Christians 1708:Portuguese 1540:(at 17:30 1052:Rameswaram 935:Portuguese 859:Alexandria 811:Rameswaram 793:Portuguese 787:, and the 781:Portuguese 669:Tamil Nadu 474:Population 377:Government 315:Tamil Nadu 257:78°08′05″E 7075:Walajapet 7065:Vellakoil 7060:Vandavasi 7040:Tittakudi 7025:Thuvakudi 6985:Sengottai 6950:Pernambut 6830:Kilakarai 6815:Karamadai 6724:Tiruttani 6704:Sivaganga 6689:Rasipuram 6584:Arakkonam 6533:Thuraiyur 6322:Thanjavur 6292:Nagercoil 6272:Karaikudi 6247:Cuddalore 5656:The Hindu 5599:The Hindu 5572:The Hindu 5289:The Hindu 5199:The Hindu 5089:The Hindu 5048:The Hindu 5017:The Hindu 4891:The Hindu 4872:The Hindu 4731:The Hindu 4495:"DCW Ltd" 4388:The Hindu 4036:help page 3960:0971-751X 3952:The Hindu 3859:tn.gov.in 3834:0971-751X 3826:The Hindu 3713:0971-751X 3705:The Hindu 3666:153420843 3165:Incumbent 2582:Incumbent 2445:Lok Sabha 2350:Incumbent 2296:Incumbent 2282:P. Jegan 2249:Position 2246:Election 2219:Sri Lanka 2181:airport. 2092:Bengaluru 2027:Transport 1954:Karaikudi 1695:1961–2001 1065:reef fish 997:, on the 689:Bengaluru 655:, a 653:port city 649:Tuticorin 609:Coastline 534:Time zone 518:Languages 466:Elevation 419:Lok Sabha 354:Named for 336:Tuticorin 254:8°45′51″N 18:Tuticorin 7000:Surandai 6995:Sirkazhi 6810:Kangeyam 6805:Kalakkad 6760:Ariyalur 6669:Palladam 6634:Edappadi 6619:Colachel 6558:Valparai 6407:Pollachi 6342:Tiruppur 6317:Tambaram 6312:Sivakasi 6297:Namakkal 6252:Dindigul 6165:Archived 6153:Archived 6070:20 March 6027:20 March 6002:20 March 5966:17 March 5578:20 March 4926:20 March 4896:20 March 4848:cite web 4786:20 March 4761:20 March 4700:20 March 4686:"SIPCOT" 4666:cite web 4630:20 March 4604:20 March 4579:20 March 4554:20 March 4529:20 March 4504:20 March 4479:20 March 4353:20 March 4155:19 March 4123:19 March 3926:The Wire 3905:20 March 3869:20 March 3805:20 March 3562:20 March 3519:20 March 3416:cite web 3336:See also 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