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throat sang throughout her life while milking her cows, singing lullabies to her children and sometimes while she was drinking Tuvan araga (fermented milk alcohol). Close relatives of famous singers, like
Khunashtaar-ool's niece (in the 1960s) and Kombu's daughter (in the 1940s or 1950s), performed khoomei (throat singing) in public more than once. The wife of the throat singing shaman Bilek-ool from Manchurek, Aldinsova Tortoyavna, said that she has always sung khoomei "because it was innate to from birth". She could not resist singing khoomei after she got married and had children, and sang khoomei in public in the 1950s and 1960s. But her sister, who also sang khoomei as a girl, gave up when others repeatedly reminded her of the supposed dangers.
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592:, the tongue rises and seals around the gums, just behind the teeth. A small hole is left back behind the molars, either on the left or right side. The sound is then directed between the teeth to the front of the mouth. The lips form a bell-like shape, usually with an "ee" vowel, and the sound is directed through this small opening. Pitch is manipulated exactly the same way as in
288:
581:: сыгыт), literally 'whistling', has a midrange fundamental and is characterized by strong, flute-like or rather piercing harmonics, reminiscent of whistling. Also described as an imitation of the gentle breezes of summer, the songs of birds, the ideal sound for the harmonics is called Чистый звук—Russian for
253:
In Tuvan , the performer hums a fundamental pitch and—simultaneously—manipulates the overtones that belong to that fundamental pitch, creating a melody. The history of Tuvan throat singing reaches far back. Many male herders can throat sing, but women have begun to practice the technique as well. The
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There were a few female throat singers in Tuva's history, though it was believed a woman performing throat singing could cause infertility. Choldak-Kara Oyun, the mother of the famous throat singer
Soruktu Kyrgys and grandmother of the husband of famous Tuvan actress Kara-Kys Namzatovna Munzuk,
647:
exactly half the frequency of the fundamental produced by the vocal folds. Therefore, for each second vibration of the vocal folds, the vestibular fold completes a whole vibration cycle. While the larynx generates such rich sound, the mouth cavity may be shaped, just like in the manipulation of
857:–winning physicist, took an interest in Tuvan throat singing and attempted to travel to Tuva in the 1980s, near the end of his life when he was gravely ill from cancer. Although Feynman never made it to Tuva, his daughter visited there in 2009 and met with Tuvan throat singers during her trip.
801:
Valentina
Salchak performed throat singing in public in 1979. Valentina Chuldum from Mongun-Taiga (1960 – Autumn 2002) toured European countries as a throat singer in the early 1990s. With the start of the International Symposium of Khoomei women could sing publicly there.
814:) (Daughters of Tuva, in Tuvan language), founded in 1998, is an all-female folk ensemble performing Tuvan throat singing, under the direction of Choduraa Tumat. It is the first and only women's group in Tuva that performs all styles of Tuvan throat singing.
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765:. This creates an unusual sound of low undertones mixed with the high Sygyt whistle. It has also been described as the "chirping of crickets". A careful listener can further break down this style into Dag Chylandyk and Xovu Chylandyk.
280:. Thus, if the fundamental frequency were C3, the overtones would be G5, B♭5, C6, D6, E6, G6, A6. However, it is possible to reach as low as the 2nd and also way above the 16th. The fundamental pitch is typically around E and G below
741:(Борбаңнадыр) is a trill reminiscent of birds and traveling brooks, made by rapid movements of the tongue and lips. Another effect that is usually added to this style is the light quivering of the lips, called "byrlang".
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still practiced today. Often, singers travel far into the countryside looking for the right river, or go up to the steppes of the mountainside to create the proper environment for throat singing.
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popularity of throat singing among Tuvans seems to have arisen as a result of geographic location and culture. The open landscape of Tuva allows for the sounds to carry a great distance.
988:, formed in 2003, often features Tuvan throat singing and includes performances by internationally known artists, including members of Alash, Chirgilchin, Huun-Huur-Tu, and Tyva Kyzy.
548:) usually in the low-mid to midrange of the singer's normal voice. In this style, usually two or three harmonics can be heard between one and two octaves above the fundamental. In
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being a
Mongolian root word for "human". In 2018, the band made its debut at Download Festival in Donington. A song by the Hu, "Black Thunder", was created for the 2019 videogame
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771:(Думчуктаар) could be best described as "throat humming". The singer creates a sound similar to sygyt using only the nasal passage. The word means to sing through the nose (
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is a band formed in 2016. Hailing from
Mongolia, the band blends rock and heavy metal with traditional Mongolian instrumentation, including Mongolian throat singing and the
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vocalizations, and were the pioneers of six pitch harmonics. There are several different classification schemes for Tuvan throat singing. In one, the three basic styles are
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These are traditional areas of settlement; the Turkic group has been living in the listed country/region for centuries and should not be confused with modern diasporas.
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is a Tuvan musical group formed in 1996 led by Igor
Koshkendey, who won the Grand Prix of the International Throat Singing Competition in 1998, 2000, and 2002.
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The animistic world view of this region identifies the spirituality of objects in nature, not just in their shape or location, but in their sound as well.
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is a band formed in 1992 that incorporates Tuvan throat singing in its performances and has performed internationally since soon after its inception.
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From air to music : acoustical, physiological and perceptual aspects of reed wind instrument playing and vocal-ventricular fold phonation
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1609:"Voice source characteristics in Mongolian throat singing studied with high-speed imaging technique, acoustic spectra, and inverse filtering"
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is an ensemble of Tuvan musicians and throat singers formed at the Kyzyl Arts
College in 1999 that has performed internationally since 2006.
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is a
British-Siberian experimental improvisation music ensemble formed in 1996 that features the Tuvan throat singer Gendos Chamzyryn.
747:(Эзеңгилээр) is a pulsating style, attempting to mimic the rhythms of horseback riding. It is named after the Tuvan word for stirrup,
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vowels, to select some particular harmonics, resulting in a sound that may be perceived as having different pitches simultaneously.
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language created by the band, with guidance from the game's developers. This version, "Sugaan Essena", was used for the game.
498:, or any other harmonic-inducing style. The term can also be used to refer to all styles of Tuvan throat singing, much like
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1024:. A different version of the song was then translated and recorded by the Hu from the original Mongolian to a new fictional
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is raspier and sung at a higher pitch with more throat tension and less chest resonance. There are also the distinctive
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is an all-female folk ensemble formed in 1998 that performs Tuvan throat singing and has performed internationally.
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An illustration of the harmonic series in musical notation. The numbers above the harmonic indicate the number of
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502:. It can also refer to the feeling of chest resonance or pressure that one experiences when throat singing.
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19:"Khoomei" redirects here. For the particular style of Mongol-Tuvan throat singing with the same name, see
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751:. It is obtained by opening and closing the velum, which separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity.
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1590:"A self-sustained vocal-ventricular phonation mode: acoustical, aerodynamic and glottographic evidences"
899:, a biographer and longtime friend of Feynman who had tried to go to Tuva with him. The book includes a
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1946:—a site for throat-singing, overtone singing, harmonic singing, chanting, online lessons, and more
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has a deep, almost growling sound to it and is technically related to
Sardinian bass singing in
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636:(also known as "false vocal cords") simultaneously, creating two connected sources of sound.
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1014:(also known as the horsehead fiddle). The Hu calls their style of music "hunnu rock", with
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1359:(3, Special Issue: Music and the Public Interest). University of Illinois Press: 444–446.
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is also used as a generic term to designate all throat singing techniques in this region.
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Ordinarily, melodies are created by isolating the 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 12th and 13th
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777:). The mouth does not need to be closed, but of course, it demonstrates the point better.
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1662:. (MOV video). khoomei.com. "Kaigal-ool sings his heart out in several khoomei styles."
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monastery and other
Buddhist orders, even though the technique is very different. In
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refers to the "chest voice". This is the voice that throat singers use when using
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This vocal mechanism has been elucidated and shown to be the same as in Sardinian
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Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status (TAKM)
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in 2015, is a Mongolian throat singer with tens of millions of views on YouTube.
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1056:. His music is a synthesis of traditional forms such as Tuvan throat singing,
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1878:"How Mongolian Band the HU Made a Song for 'Star Wars' in an Alien Language"
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is a 1988 documentary film about Feynman's quest that was produced for the
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Lindestad, P. A.; Sodersten, M.; Merker, B.; Granqvist, S. (March 2001).
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Singing in this style gives the impression of wind swirling among rocks.
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The Art of Tuva Throat Singing, On Point Radio, aired January 13, 2006
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1824:"Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order just made a Mongolian rock band canon"
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1767:"Steppe change: how Mongolian rock band the Hu conquered the world"
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is traditionally a softer sounding style, with the fundamental (or
173:
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
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1998:
1795:"The Hu: Mongolian Folk-Metal Sensations Aim to Conquer the World"
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choirs. It is also similar to the chant practiced in Tibet by the
286:
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Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine
1136:
714:
Of the following list, two effects that commonly employed in the
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2002:
1972:—general information as well as links to artists and recordings
56:
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65:
1724:"Daughter of Nobel laureate Richard Feynman is visiting Tuva"
915:
that performs a mixture of Tuvan traditional music and rock.
1088:. Likewise, his live performance is a fusion of costume and
873:; it was also repackaged with American narration and titled
1704:
1422:
Levin, Theodore C.; Edgerton, Michael E. (September 1999).
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The more deep-sounding style of throat singing is known as
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Audience Award for a Documentary and was nominated for an
1943:
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is a band formed in 1991 and led by Tuvan throat singer
186:
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to Tuva to pursue his interest in Tuvan throat singing.
128:
5489:
International Organization of Turkic Culture (TÜRKSOY)
1993:
Audio and video samples of Tuvan throat singing styles
1858:"Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order – Interview With The Hu"
528:
The most popular style of throat singing is known as
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971:, centers on the journey of blind American singer
159:), is a style of singing practiced by people in
5563:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
667:, the kargyraa sound is known as Throat Bass.
655:, which is one of the four voices of Sardinian
303:). Blue notes are flat and red notes are sharp.
223:
122:
5547:
4179:
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2014:
8:
5522:State with limited international recognition
1588:Fuks, L; Hammarberg, B; Sundberg, J (1998).
262:as an integral part in the ancient pastoral
258:studying throat singing in these areas mark
1480:"International Scientific Centre 'Khoomei'"
1316:Aksenov, A. N. (1973). "Tuvan Folk Music".
1241:Malkoç, Tülün; Çeli̇k, Sibel (2020-09-15).
359:. In another, there are five basic styles:
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4937:
4466:
4186:
4172:
4164:
3946:
3882:
3759:
3613:
3444:
3430:
3422:
2908:
2732:
2476:
2275:
2043:
2021:
2007:
1999:
969:Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature
684:(steppe). The Dag style is deeper, while
506:is often used as a launching pad into the
41:, the main technique of which is known as
1268:
1258:
1247:Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi
1243:"TUVA TÜRKLERİ'NDE HÖÖMEY SÖYLEME BİÇİMİ"
1179:"Mongolian etymology : Query result"
34:ensemble, a throat singing band from Tuva
6015:Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
1217:"Doğadan gelen ses: Türk gırtlak müziği"
963:is a 1999 documentary film that won the
832:
307:The people of Tuva have a wide range of
2674:Collective Security Treaty Organization
1569:. KTH (Royal Institute of Technology).
1170:
632:choirs. It uses both the vocal and the
1673:"An excellent example of Borbangnadyr"
1160:List of overtone musicians § Tuva
1139:for an accurate list of audio samples.
809:
2232:Judicial system of the Russian Empire
1959:—tutorial on beginning throat singing
1822:Mercante, Alyssa (19 November 2019).
7:
3371:Unified Sports Classification System
1895:. Oregon Music News. Archived from
1505:"Video demonstrating khomeii style"
927:"Karangailyg Kara Hovaa (Dyngyldai)
702:, the latter also bearing the name
2669:Commonwealth of Independent States
903:recording of Tuvan throat singing.
171:. In 2009, it was included in the
14:
1976:A demonstration of throat singing
1450:10.1038/scientificamerican0999-80
1351:Slobin, Mark (1992). "Review: ".
5993:
4511:
4195:
3598:
1915:Bibliography and further reading
1293:"Proto-Mongolian Throat Meaning"
75:
49:
5494:Parliamentary Assembly (TURKPA)
1922:Emory, Michael (7 March 2007).
895:is a book published in 1991 by
329:, while the sub-styles include
1391:When Rivers and Mountains Sing
1223:(in Turkish). 12 February 2021
1137:https://www.alashensemble.com/
1112:movements of the 20th century.
219:. That could be borrowed from
155:
1:
5484:Organization of Turkic States
2579:Political abuse of psychiatry
1625:10.1016/S0892-1997(01)00008-X
1044:, multi-instrumentalist, and
782:Women in Tuvan throat singing
3224:Traditions and superstitions
1924:"Khomeii-How To's and Why's"
1424:"The Throat Singers of Tuva"
1021:Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order
875:The Last Journey of a Genius
773:
686:
680:
469:
463:
457:
451:
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439:
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427:
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409:
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397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
361:
355:
349:
343:
337:
331:
325:
319:
313:
167:. It is noted for including
109:
20:
5640:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão
5580:Albanian folk iso-polyphony
3636:Historical cities and towns
3573:Mongolian People's Republic
2890:Water supply and sanitation
1722:Oyun, Dina (14 June 2009).
1649:. (MOV video). khoomei.com.
1048:ritualist headquartered in
998:, which was a runner-up on
757:(Чыландык) is simultaneous
129:
39:Mongol-Tuvan throat singing
6041:
1893:"Soriah Post-world shaman"
1155:Music in the Tuva Republic
1036:/Uger Khan is an American
605:
518:styles of throat singing.
104:
18:
5991:
5570:
5517:
4509:
4130:
3949:
3885:
3762:
3616:
3596:
3390:
2911:
2735:
2479:
2278:
1068:music and language; with
389:. The substyles include
146:
138:
123:
118:
16:Style of overtone singing
5735:Georgian vocal polyphony
5099:Timeline of the Göktürks
3813:Administrative divisions
3503:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
2664:Prime Minister of Russia
1645:Alden-ool Sevek (1995).
1563:Leonardo., Fuks (1999).
1399:Indiana University Press
1260:10.33692/avrasyad.735271
986:Tuvan National Orchestra
861:The Quest for Tannu Tuva
710:Effects and other styles
473:. These schemes all use
299:(rounded to the nearest
3102:Social entrepreneurship
2991:Forced public apologies
2926:Anti-American sentiment
1647:"Dag (Muntain)Kargyraa"
994:, a member of the band
808:(Тыва Кызы, pronounced
670:There are two types of
276:in accordance with the
187:
181:
4813:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4067:Goyol Fashion Festival
3857:Chief of General Staff
2850:Social security system
2833:Science and technology
2499:Classified information
2325:Central Russian Upland
1596:(3). Stockholm: 49–59.
965:Sundance Film Festival
846:
830:
794:
304:
224:
35:
5955:The Song of the Sibyl
5310:Proto-Turkic language
4941:Extinct Turkic groups
3828:Third neighbor policy
3528:Northern Yuan dynasty
3311:Russian tsars regalia
2644:Intelligence agencies
2367:Great Russian Regions
2111:Expansion (1500-1800)
836:
825:
789:
290:
238:as well, driven from
29:
6020:Tuvan throat singing
5605:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan
5509:World Turks Qurultai
4087:Traditional medicine
3806:Constitutional Court
3648:Environmental issues
3478:Prehistoric Mongolia
3378:World Heritage sites
2755:Droughts and famines
2308:Environmental issues
2056:Proto-Indo-Europeans
1982:Tuvan Throat Singing
1899:on November 30, 2009
1395:Bloomington, Indiana
1072:musical styles like
1064:, and pre-Columbian
811:[tɯˈvakɯˈzɯ]
639:By constricting the
5250:Karachay-Cherkessia
3772:State Great Khural
3563:Soviet intervention
3229:Forms of addressing
2838:Academy of Sciences
2795:Financial districts
2659:President of Russia
2584:Political divisions
2544:Freedom of assembly
2426:West Siberian Plain
2172:Great Patriotic War
2133:February Revolution
1963:The Friends of Tuva
1880:. 18 February 2020.
1803:. 13 September 2019
1749:"Batzorig Vaanchig"
1442:1999SciAm.281c..80L
1429:Scientific American
826:Igor Kөshkendey of
428:kozhagar kargyraazy
5441:Traditional sports
5245:Kabardino-Balkaria
4865:Meskhetia (Ahiska)
4011:List of Mongolians
3918:Telecommunications
3558:Chinese occupation
3279:Russian given name
2865:Telecommunications
2815:Petroleum industry
2679:State of emergency
2524:Far-right politics
2489:Capital punishment
2335:Meshchera Lowlands
2189:Russian Federation
2145:October Revolution
1968:2023-05-12 at the
1955:2023-06-13 at the
1042:performance artist
847:
831:
818:In popular culture
795:
440:Oidupaa kargyraazy
305:
256:Ethnomusicologists
36:
6002:
6001:
5650:Dainichido Bugaku
5529:
5528:
5305:Old Turkic script
5293:
5292:
5104:Timeline 500–1300
5021:
5020:
4507:
4506:
4366:Kipchak languages
4321:Karamanli Turkish
4161:
4160:
4126:
4125:
3936:
3935:
3872:
3871:
3864:Political parties
3823:Foreign relations
3749:
3748:
3419:
3418:
3386:
3385:
2966:Domestic violence
2898:
2897:
2820:Russian oligarchs
2745:Aircraft industry
2722:
2721:
2699:Mass surveillance
2689:Search and rescue
2654:Political parties
2534:Foreign relations
2466:
2465:
2265:
2264:
2257:Historical cities
2116:Tsardom of Russia
1775:. 22 October 2019
1687:"folkways.si.edu"
1660:"Orphan's Lament"
1297:starling.rinet.ru
1052:, Oregon and The
1001:Asia's Got Talent
992:Batzorig Vaanchig
837:A performance of
608:Undertone singing
297:equal temperament
6032:
5997:
5930:Slovácko Verbuňk
5800:Khorasan Bakhshi
5665:Cante Alentejano
5556:
5549:
5542:
5533:
5351:Tibetan Buddhism
5331:Turkic mythology
5212:Autonomous areas
5164:Sovereign states
5160:
4938:
4920:
4895:
4792:
4769:
4731:
4682:
4647:
4608:Crimean Karaites
4582:
4559:
4515:
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4346:Khorasani Turkic
4200:
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4198:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4165:
4146:
4139:
4113:
4112:(New Year's Day)
4100:
4052:
3979:Southern Mongols
3947:
3913:
3883:
3793:
3775:
3760:
3614:
3602:
3498:Rouran Khaganate
3446:
3439:
3432:
3423:
3399:
3346:Russian language
3289:National symbols
2909:
2828:
2785:Fishing industry
2775:Economic regions
2770:Defence industry
2733:
2477:
2431:Russian Far East
2330:Northwest Russia
2288:Cities and towns
2276:
2138:Russian Republic
2044:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2000:
1931:
1926:. Archived from
1909:
1908:
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1709:www.tyvakyzy.com
1701:
1695:
1694:
1691:folkways.si.edu/
1683:
1677:
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1613:Journal of Voice
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1484:Khoomei.narod.ru
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1221:www.trthaber.com
1213:
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1199:
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1190:
1189:
1175:
1110:modern primitive
918:Featured in the
813:
776:
696:Vladimir Oidupaa
689:
683:
634:vestibular folds
472:
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422:khovu kargyraazy
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217:Turkic languages
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169:overtone singing
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6031:
6030:
6029:
6005:
6004:
6003:
5998:
5989:
5865:Ojkanje singing
5765:Jongmyo Jereyak
5685:Cremona violins
5670:Cantonese opera
5645:Byzantine music
5610:Azerbaijani tar
5566:
5560:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5513:
5472:
5436:
5319:
5289:
5206:
5187:Northern Cyprus
5151:
5137:Altai Mountains
5072:
5017:
4936:
4916:
4861:North Macedonia
4803:
4784:
4741:
4727:
4723:Siberian Tatars
4678:
4663:Khorasani Turks
4643:
4570:
4539:
4516:
4503:
4465:
4386:Ottoman Turkish
4306:Karachay-Balkar
4205:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4162:
4157:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4122:
4111:
4098:
4050:
4030:
4026:Writing systems
4016:Sex trafficking
4006:Public holidays
3932:
3911:
3868:
3847:Law enforcement
3791:
3773:
3745:
3603:
3594:
3590:Modern Mongolia
3585:1990 Revolution
3568:1921 Revolution
3548:1911 Revolution
3538:Dzungar Khanate
3513:Medieval tribes
3459:
3450:
3420:
3415:
3402:
3395:
3382:
3341:Public holidays
3336:Political jokes
3321:Personification
3274:Names of Russia
3143:
3062:Life expectancy
2894:
2826:
2718:
2569:Law enforcement
2462:
2448:Protected areas
2345:Smolensk Upland
2340:Oka–Don Lowland
2320:European Russia
2261:
2200:
2086:Mongol invasion
2033:
2027:
1997:
1970:Wayback Machine
1957:Wayback Machine
1939:
1934:
1921:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1891:Mickens, Noah.
1890:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1856:
1853:Wayback Machine
1846:
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1387:Levin, Theodore
1385:
1384:
1380:
1353:Ethnomusicology
1350:
1349:
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1146:
1119:
1038:overtone singer
851:Richard Feynman
820:
784:
712:
678:(mountain) and
610:
604:
570:
526:
485:
398:despeng borbang
278:harmonic series
251:
240:Proto-Mongolian
235:
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207:
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195:
192:
78:
74:
52:
48:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6038:
6036:
6028:
6027:
6025:Throat singing
6022:
6017:
6007:
6006:
6000:
5999:
5992:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5960:Tumba francesa
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5935:Song of Sana'a
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5885:Qudud Halabiya
5882:
5877:
5872:
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5862:
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5842:
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5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5730:Garifuna music
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5675:Cantu a tenore
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
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5642:
5637:
5635:Bistritsa Babi
5632:
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5499:Turkic Academy
5496:
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5486:
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5396:Khalwati order
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5376:Bektashi Order
5373:
5368:
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5348:
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5262:
5257:
5255:Karakalpakstan
5252:
5247:
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5232:
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5220:Altai Republic
5216:
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5208:
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5121:Nomadic empire
5118:
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4889:Western Thrace
4795:
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4777:
4772:
4771:
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4613:Crimean Tatars
4610:
4605:
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4416:Siberian Tatar
4413:
4408:
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4398:
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4388:
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3905:Stock Exchange
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1930:on 2023-06-13.
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1183:starlingdb.org
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1150:Throat singing
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1117:Audio examples
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1058:Shamanic music
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622:: каргыраа).
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3801:Supreme Court
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3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3021:Mental health
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
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2984:
2982:
2981:Ethnic groups
2979:
2977:
2974:
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2964:
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2707:
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2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:Civil defense
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:Media freedom
2627:
2625:
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2615:
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2610:
2607:
2605:
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2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2514:Criminal code
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
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2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Civil Service
2492:
2490:
2487:
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2203:
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2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2155:Russian state
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
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2118:
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2100:
2097:
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2084:
2082:
2079:
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2074:
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2059:
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2054:
2053:
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2049:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1950:Michael Emory
1948:
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1936:
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1581:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1559:
1556:
1544:
1543:HUMAN BEATBOX
1540:
1539:"Throat Bass"
1534:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1518:
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1410:
1408:0-253-34715-7
1404:
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1309:
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1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1253:(23): 58–74.
1252:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1184:
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1017:
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1002:
997:
993:
990:
987:
983:
980:
977:
974:
970:
966:
962:
961:
960:Genghis Blues
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
929:" by Yat-Kha.
928:
924:
921:
920:iPhone 15 Pro
917:
916:
914:
910:
907:
902:
898:
894:
893:
892:Tuva or Bust!
889:
886:
885:
880:
876:
872:
871:
866:
862:
859:
858:
856:
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849:
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844:
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835:
829:
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746:
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736:
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733:
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709:
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531:
524:
521:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
483:
480:
478:
477:terminology.
476:
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459:
453:
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441:
435:
429:
423:
417:
411:
405:
399:
393:
387:
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327:
321:
315:
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285:
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226:
222:
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198:
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178:
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166:
162:
158:
152:
144:
136:
131:
116:
111:
102:
96:
70:
46:
45:
40:
33:
28:
22:
5985:Xoan singing
5975:Wayang kulit
5925:Silbo Gomero
5740:Gong culture
5595:Arabic maqam
5411:Qalandariyya
5386:Christianity
5197:Turkmenistan
5135: /
5126:Turco-Mongol
4565:Azerbaijanis
4110:Tsagaan Sar
4044:Architecture
4001:Prostitution
3954:Demographics
3835:Human rights
3774:(parliament)
3767:Constitution
3578:World War II
3553:Bogd Khanate
3523:Yuan dynasty
3508:Liao dynasty
3299:Coat of arms
3259:Martial arts
3167:Army culture
3157:Architecture
3127:Witch trials
3082:Prostitution
3028:Human rights
2961:Demographics
2875:Trade unions
2845:Shipbuilding
2805:Homelessness
2765:Central Bank
2760:Car industry
2599:Conservatism
2509:Constitution
2504:Conscription
2177:Eastern Bloc
2167:Soviet Union
2160:Russian SFSR
2090:Feudal Rus'
1928:the original
1901:. Retrieved
1897:the original
1886:
1872:
1861:
1849:Ghostarchive
1847:Archived at
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1827:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1798:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1772:The Guardian
1770:
1761:
1752:
1743:
1731:. Retrieved
1727:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1667:
1658:Kaigal-ool.
1654:
1641:
1619:(1): 78–85.
1616:
1612:
1602:
1594:KTH TMH-QPSR
1593:
1583:
1565:
1558:
1547:. Retrieved
1545:. 2017-03-22
1542:
1533:
1523:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:
1474:
1436:(3): 80–87.
1433:
1427:
1417:
1390:
1381:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1270:11424/259944
1250:
1246:
1236:
1225:. Retrieved
1220:
1211:
1197:
1186:. Retrieved
1182:
1173:
1123:Kargyraa.mp3
1025:
1019:
1015:
999:
958:
935:Huun-Huur-Tu
926:
890:
882:
874:
868:
860:
843:Rock im Park
804:
800:
796:
790:A member of
768:
762:
758:
754:
748:
744:
739:Borbangnadyr
738:
731:
728:Borbangnadyr
727:
723:
719:
715:
713:
703:
691:
675:
671:
669:
656:
652:
650:
638:
627:
623:
614:
613:
611:
600:
593:
589:
587:
582:
573:
572:
571:
566:
559:
557:
554:
549:
541:
533:
529:
527:
522:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:
481:
410:buga khoomei
404:opei khoomei
380:borbangnadyr
332:borbangnadyr
306:
271:
268:
259:
252:
242:
154:
43:
42:
38:
37:
5980:Xi'an guyue
5970:Vedic chant
5835:Morin khuur
5795:Koodiyattam
5770:Iraqi Maqam
5401:Malamatiyya
5053:Pan-Turkism
5033:Grey Wolves
4998:Oghuz Turks
4918:Afghanistan
4703:Qarai Turks
4633:Karakalpaks
4401:Sakha/Yakut
4291:Fuyü Gïrgïs
4246:Azerbaijani
3890:Agriculture
3790:Government
3675:Gobi Desert
3631:Ulaanbaatar
3351:tea culture
3204:Fairy tales
3067:Open access
3040:Immigration
3001:Gun control
2740:Agriculture
2709:Term limits
2619:Martial law
2614:Nationalism
2609:Irredentism
2604:Imperialism
2387:Caspian Sea
2303:Environment
2298:Earthquakes
2194:Union State
2182:Dissolution
2081:Kievan Rus'
2071:Early Slavs
1944:Khoomei.com
1833:26 February
1807:23 February
1779:23 February
1753:youtube.com
1728:Tuva Online
1509:Khoomei.com
1489:27 November
1324:(2): 7–18.
1318:Asian Music
1128:Khoomei.mp3
1102:chaos magic
1070:avant garde
1012:Morin khuur
941:Chirgilchin
855:Nobel Prize
828:Chirgilchin
769:Dumchuktaar
745:Ezenggileer
588:To perform
583:clear sound
540:: хөөмей).
470:byrlannadyr
464:serlennedyr
452:damyraktaar
344:dumchuktaar
215:in various
179:. The term
6009:Categories
5945:Sutartinės
5940:Sosso Bala
5920:Shashmaqam
5915:Seto Leelo
5805:Kumi odori
5615:Baul music
5381:Burkhanism
5346:Aiyy Faith
5265:Nakhchivan
5202:Uzbekistan
5182:Kyrgyzstan
5177:Kazakhstan
5172:Azerbaijan
5043:Burkhanism
4869:Montenegro
4833:Dodecanese
4494:Old Uyghur
4479:Old Turkic
4381:Old Turkic
4316:Karakalpak
4099:(festival)
4077:Literature
3912:(currency)
3797:Judiciary
3533:Four Oirat
3356:Television
3331:Philosophy
3264:Mass media
3254:Literature
3249:Inventions
3011:Healthcare
2946:Corruption
2936:Censorship
2827:(currency)
2704:Separatism
2649:Opposition
2634:Neo-Nazism
2624:Monarchism
2594:Liberalism
2589:Propaganda
2549:Government
2416:North Asia
2217:Journalism
2076:East Slavs
2066:Sarmatians
1828:gamesradar
1549:2023-03-16
1302:2021-06-09
1227:2021-05-23
1188:2022-04-04
1166:References
1074:Industrial
901:flexi disc
732:Ezengileer
694:styles of
665:beatboxing
606:See also:
504:Khorekteer
488:Khorekteer
482:Khorekteer
446:uyangylaar
386:ezengileer
350:ezengileer
228:, meaning
5965:Vallenato
5820:Long song
5780:Kgal Laox
5427:Zahediyeh
5422:Safaviyya
5371:Bayramiye
5366:Batiniyya
5341:Shamanism
5324:Religions
5315:Turkology
5275:Tatarstan
5260:Khakassia
5230:Chuvashia
5156:Locations
5133:Tian Shan
5109:Migration
5084:Turkestan
5067:Hungarian
5058:Turkesism
4755:Kryashens
4743:Astrakhan
4668:Krymchaks
4628:Karachays
4549:Telengits
4545:Kumandins
4471:Alphabets
4301:Ili Turki
4211:Languages
4049:Biyelgee
3986:Education
3900:Companies
3818:Elections
3792:(cabinet)
3780:President
3702:Mountains
3680:Grassland
3609:Geography
3543:Qing rule
3214:Festivals
3107:Sociology
3057:Languages
2976:Education
2880:Transport
2714:Terrorism
2559:Judiciary
2553:Apparatus
2519:Elections
2484:Anarchism
2458:Far North
2409:Volcanoes
2394:Mountains
2271:Geography
2150:Civil war
2061:Scythians
1984:(YouTube)
1978:(YouTube)
1633:0892-1997
1279:2147-2610
1133:Sygyt.mp3
1027:Star Wars
996:Khusugtun
973:Paul Pena
953:Tyva Kyzy
806:Tyva Kyzy
792:Tyva Kyzy
755:Chylandyk
645:undertone
558:The term
392:chylandyk
338:chylandyk
243:*koɣul-aj
221:Mongolian
115:Mongolian
5900:Rebetiko
5855:Nhã nhạc
5660:Candombe
5630:Biyelgee
5585:Angklung
5391:Hurufism
5336:Tengrism
5285:Xinjiang
5240:Gagauzia
5089:Mongolia
5063:Turanism
5038:Kemalism
5026:Politics
4988:Kipchaks
4968:Göktürks
4963:Dughlats
4817:Bulgaria
4805:Abkhazia
4780:Turkmens
4763:Nağaybäk
4593:Bashkirs
4557:Tubalars
4541:Chelkans
4535:Altaians
4489:Cyrillic
4391:Pecheneg
4356:Krymchak
4261:Chagatai
4234:Southern
4229:Northern
4153:Category
4105:Religion
3996:Language
3852:Military
3755:Politics
3690:Khövsgöl
3473:Timeline
3457:articles
3453:Mongolia
3406:Category
3284:Nobility
3244:Internet
3239:Heraldry
3234:Graffiti
3219:Folklore
3162:Armorial
3092:Religion
3077:Polygamy
3016:HIV/AIDS
2996:Funerals
2986:Feminism
2956:Deafness
2941:Citizens
2931:Cannabis
2916:Abortion
2860:Taxation
2800:Gambling
2790:Forestry
2639:Military
2472:Politics
2453:Wildlife
2399:Caucasus
2362:Glaciers
2242:Military
2227:Internet
2205:By topic
2099:Vladimir
2094:Novgorod
2048:Timeline
1966:Archived
1953:Archived
1903:March 5,
1851:and the
1800:Revolver
1575:44025655
1466:10467751
1458:26058408
1389:(2006).
1203:"Hoomey"
1144:See also
1050:Portland
1046:shamanic
887:in 1989.
877:for the
763:kargyraa
726:styles:
724:kargyraa
692:kargyraa
672:kargyraa
624:Kargyraa
620:Cyrillic
615:kargyraa
601:Kargyraa
579:Cyrillic
538:Cyrillic
516:kargyraa
496:kargyraa
458:kishteer
374:kargyraa
320:kargyraa
282:middle C
249:Overview
165:Mongolia
5950:Táncház
5880:Quan họ
5875:Pirekua
5870:Pansori
5830:Meshrep
5785:Khuumii
5625:Bigwala
5620:Bećarac
5600:Arirang
5565:: Music
5468:Chovgan
5448:Kyz kuu
5361:Alevism
5298:Studies
5094:History
5077:Origins
5008:Türgesh
4978:Khazars
4973:Karluks
4953:Bulgars
4928:(Sakha)
4906:Uyghurs
4885:Tunisia
4873:Romania
4853:Lebanon
4821:Croatia
4809:Algeria
4798:Turkish
4790:Iranian
4775:Tofalar
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