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522:, both with their heyday in the nineteen-teens (Gaunt 2012, 108; George-Graves 2009, 59; Oliver 1999, 107â108). In the same period, âFrom Florida came the Swamp Shimmy, in which vigorous undulations of body, hips, and limbs made up for lack of forward movementâ (Oliver 1960, 149). The historical record indicates that dances like twerk date to the
940:"#dontdropthat" and "#thunthun". The viral popularity of the Vine clips led to an unexpected increase in sales for the song; prior to the posting of the "Twerk Team" clip, only 4,000 copies of the song had been sold; in the following weeks, sales went up to 34,000, then to over 72,000. By late July, "Don't Drop That Thun Thun" had reached #5 on
530:. Enslaved people performed sinuous snake hip and fish tail dances on plantations during festivals and special gatherings, such as celebratory dinners. Perhaps tellingly, like the snake hip movement, twerk can serve as an âembellishmentâ or âan independent dance in its own rightâ (Hazzard-Gordon 1990, 123).
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released the song "Express
Yourself", inspired by music producer Diplo's song of the same name. The song, produced by Trampy, features a fast-paced electronic beat and is a composition about the popular dance craze twerking. Brown dedicated the song "to all the ladies that like to turn up and have
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and then on YouTube in March which then later became a viral meme throughout social media outlets. Though twerking began trending as a web search in
November 2011, and despite its origins in the bounce culture of New Orleans in the late 1980s, the word twerk would be added to the
151:. Moves include "mixing", "exercising", the "bend over", the "shoulder hustle", "clapping", "booty clapping", "booty poppin", "the sleeper" and "the wild wood"âall recognized as booty shaking or bounce. Twerking is one among other types of choreographic gestures within bounce.
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398:; Davila writes that âthe fishâs movements after they are captured resemble pelvic and midriff contractions to the beat of the drumâ (Davila 2009, 120). âThe only dance that was permitted during times of Spanish ruleâ, mapalĂ© became associated with rebellion through its
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Hot 100 at number 29. The lyrics to the song ("Twerk-twerk-twerk-twerk-twerk-twerk with her") is self-explanatory as to how the City Girls wanted to grab the attention of their female audience. The music video has over 200 million views on YouTube as of June 2022.
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The diffusion of the dance phenomenon began earlier via local parties and eventually strip clubs often associated with mainstream rap music and video production aired by video cable television shows that featured rap music and R&B music. Popular
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In 1990, the introduction of bounce music into the New
Orleans music scene brought along the dance of twerking. In 1992, Panamanian singer Renato recorded the videoclip "El mĂĄs sensual" (the most sexy), a reggae song with the twerking dance.
1083:, which contains the lyric "Keep twerking baby, might earn you a scholarship." In early September 2013, a video titled "Worst Twerk Fail EVER - Girl Catches Fire!", began circulating around online; the video went on to become
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in origin. A number of scholars well versed in the matter have arrived at Kubikâs conclusion: âmotional emphasis on the pelvis, buttocks, etc., especially pelvis thrusts or circular pelvis movements described in
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The historically proximate precursors to twerk are as seldom cited as its analogues. Twerk emerged from earlier movement styles, like âthe up-and-back hip-swinging bowed-legged movements of a dance called the
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blog post states, "the most likely theory is that it is an alteration of work, because that word has a history of being used in similar ways, with dancers being encouraged to "work it". Local
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620:" (2002), in which the lyrics "she got her hands up on her knees and her elbows on her thighs / she like to twerk and that's for certain I can tell that she fly" are heard. The chorus of
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constitutes an expression of what
Chadwick Hansen identified in the late 1960s as âa long tradition of erotic shaking dances in Americaâ, which âhave clearly been continuous within the
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936:". The clip was shared by users over 100,000 times, becoming a trend for the community and users created their own responses and parodies featuring the song, collected under the
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that he would give out a $ 50,000 scholarship for the girl who can twerk the best. The competition is inspired by the track "Scholarship" on his third album
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Both "Wop" and "Don't Drop That Thun Thun" have been cited as examples of how viral and user-created videos can bring renewed interest to songs;
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3342:"Worst Twerk Fail ever video: Girl sets herself on fire while twerking clip wins top viral Webby award for internet excellence - Mirror Online"
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435:(quoted in Röhrig Assunção 2003, 167). The consensus is that such dances cognate to twerk â as indicated by their names and presence among
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after 2005]." In the 1990s, twerking had widespread appeal in black party culture throughout the hip-hop/rap region known as
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2790:"Sway's Universe | Vanessa Hudgens Booty Pops on Sway In The Morning & Answers Sex Questions from Sway's Mystery Sack"
1427:"Where They At: New Orleans Hip-Hop and Bounce in Words and Pictures. Aubrey Edwards and Alison Fensterstock. New Orleans 2010"
1163:", revolved around the twerking phenomenon. The seventh episode of the second season of the American reality television series
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2868:"INTERVIEW: Ashley Tisdale Twerks on Sway in the Morning â Shade 45 » Kimmi Cupcakes: 50% Korean + 50% Panamanian = 100%"
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for the longest duration twerking, was set by
Babajide Isreal Adebanjo, in Lagos Nigeria. He twerked for 3 hours, 30 minutes.
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and attributed to Cyrus following her appearance at the MTV VMA Awards in August 2013. It became the number one "what is"
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853:. The popularity of the video, along with parodies and responses made by fans, influenced the song's re-emergence on the
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fun," in which he raps "Toes on the wall and her ass in the air / And she twerk that thing like she ain't have a care".
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3102:"Ciara & Nicki Minaj's "I'm Out" Video: Watch The Sexy Clip | Music News, Reviews, and Gossip on Idolator.com"
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with over 9 million views, and received media coverage. The following week, American comedian and television host
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practitioners attribute the term to a contraction of "to work" ("t'work"; or, spelled as it's pronounced, "twerk").
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Locker, Melissa (October 9, 2013). "Florida Woman
Arrested For Twerking In Front Of School Bus Full of Children".
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by rappers and DJ hosting block parties in the housing projects. On record, the 1993 song "Do the
Jubilee All" by
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308:- which contains the lyrics "Twerk baby, twerk baby, twerk, twerk, twerk" - has been cited as its earliest use.
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that year as those outside the culture questioned the popularity of the dance. The word was a runner-up to "
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1823:"YouTube, Twerking & You: Context Collapse and the Handheld Co-Presence of Black Girls and Miley Cyrus"
624:'s 2001 song "That's Cool" features the line "Somebody that's off the chain / who could twerk that thang.â
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Booty dances have threatened the status quo by emphasizing group membership, the free movement of forceful
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in conjunction with the black cultural context. The word is said to have originated from the inner-city of
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Twerking first received national recognition in the United States in the early 2000s, when the song "
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Other âserpentineâ dances that presaged twerk are the
Georgia crawl and âthe sensuous grindâ called
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987:", which was released in May 2013, the singer can be seen twerking. In June 2013, American rapper
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questions the ability of a girl to twerk by asking "What you twerkin' with?" in his 2012 single "
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361:'s definition of the term may fuel the stigma around twerking as a sexual and provocative dance.
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show was named the Top
Television Word of the Year (Teleword) of the 2012â2013 TV season by the
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The Oxford
English Dictionary defines an early 19th-century use of the word as a blend of "
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The Illustrated Compendium of Essential Modern Slang: Including Cray, Lit, Basic, and More
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1573:"The ontology of twerk: from 'sexy' Black movement style to Afro-Diasporic sacred dance"
1173:", featured the contestants twerking as fast as possible with pedometers on their back.
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gives the definition as a "sexually suggestive dancing characterized by rapid, repeated
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1200:. Cyrus also received criticism for "stealing" African American culture, also known as
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entitled "Twerk Team", which featured a group of five women provocatively twerking to "
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was the first mainstream American girl group to use the word in a song in their song "
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2708:"Who Did It Better: Vanessa Hudgens's Booty Dance Vs. Miley Cyrus's Unicorn Twerking"
2570:"Iggy Azalea Claims Miley Cyrus' Twerking Was 'Probably' Inspired By Her Dance Moves"
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has incorporated twerking into her live shows since 2011. In July 2012, during the
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2372:"Selfie is Oxford Dictionaries' word of the year | Books | The Guardian"
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864:. By April 9, 2013, copies of the video had amassed over 4 million views on
391:, or baile negro, is a case in point. Mapalé recalls the fish tail dances of the
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3450:"'2 Broke Girls' Star Twerks To 'Baby Got Back' At The 'People's Choice Awards'"
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The fifth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series
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2682:"Mollie King Twerking on video filmed by The Saturdays bandmate Rochelle - 3am"
1631:"A Review of Matt Miller's Bounce: Rap Music and Local Identity in New Orleans"
946:'s R&B/Hip-Hop Digital Songs chart, and it eventually peaked at #35 on the
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made use of the word and dance in her 2005 song and corresponding music video "
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2842:"Ashley Tisdale Twerks on Sway in the Morning. Is She Better Than Miley Cyrus"
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in 1990. It has a broader origin among other types of dancing found among the
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893:. In September 2013, Hudgens was later seen twerking, this time to the song "
872:, an English singer-songwriter and lead vocalist of British-Irish girl group
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3420:"Beth Behrs "Baby Got Back" Twerking Sketch at 2014 People's Choice Awards"
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2897:"Vine Twerk Mashups Bump Sales For FiNATTiCZ' 'Don't Drop That Thun Thun'"
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901:, with her girl group YLA. Hudgens was again seen twerking in a video for
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2764:"VIDEO: Vanessa Hudgens Twerks in Live Performance with YLA | HEAVY"
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1345:"Twerk: Definition of Twerk in Oxford Dictionary - American English (US)"
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search reveals that interest in the word "twerk" arose in November 2011.
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3224:"Twerk Hard and Earn a $ 50,000 College Scholarship Courtesy Of Juicy J"
1954:
Third Coast: Outkast, Timbaland, and How Hip-Hop Became a Southern Thing
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3594:"Taylor Swift's music video is uncomfortable, but is it really racist?"
3312:"Jimmy Kimmel Admits 'Twerking FAIL' Video Was Hoax Set Up By His Show"
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3076:"Nelly, Nicki Minaj, Pharrell reveal 'Get Like Me' music video - watch"
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Big Freedia on New Orleans Bounce Music & Inventing New Dance Moves
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485:â and p-popping (Gaunt 2006, 285). As Miller notes, âit is likely that
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Twerking is part of a larger set of characteristic moves unique to the
2151:"The Art Of Twerking: How Women Continue To Be Denied Bodily Autonomy"
1926:"Meet the twerking-class deejay who jump-started the N.O. Dance trend"
1003:, who has been featured on several other "twerking songs", including "
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says "Let's just, uh, put on some twerk videos or something, right?".
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3532:"Ebro Implies Miley Cyrus Is A Culture Vulture After Quoting Cardi B"
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In October 2013, Valerie Dixon who was 27 years old, was arrested in
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140:. It is individually performed chiefly but not exclusively by women.
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2927:"How Twerking on Vine Sent Years-Old Rap Songs Up The iTunes Charts"
1766:"Miley Cyrus' booty-shaking VMA performance gets quite the reaction"
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2734:"Vanessa Hudgens -- My Ass is Small But I'm Twerking Like It's BIG"
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1457:"Peter Pan and Bending Over: Big Freedia's 5 Best Non-Twerk Dances"
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insistence on the bodyâs value as a vector for the transmission of
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contains the lyric "Start twerking when she hear her song", while
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3255:"Jimmy Kimmel reveals truth behind 'twerking girl on fire' video"
3129:"Miley Cyrus and Justin Bieber team up for new song called Twerk"
2062:"Google Trends - Web Search interest - Worldwide, 2004 - present"
887:
was seen twerking in March 2013 on American late-night talk show
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which featured her performing a twerking routine while wearing a
3506:"'Bad Girls All Star Battle' Season 2, Episode 7: 'Twerk It Out"
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component chart. It was later referenced in their later track "
2816:"Watch Vanessa Hudgens Booty Pop to Diplo's "Express Yourself"
1397:"Sissy Bounce, New Orleans's Gender-Bending Rap - NYTimes.com"
347:
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amplified interest since the advent of digital social media.
99:
415:, in Mapalé, it continues to be an indestructible force of
108:
2341:"Twerking dances its way into 2013 Google search rankings"
2088:"Twerk dates back to 1820, says Oxford English Dictionary"
1896:"Twerk dates back to 1820, says Oxford English Dictionary"
1724:"Twerking dances its way into 2013 Google search rankings"
311:
The word became popular in the 2000s, when it was used by
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to the same extent as it. In April 2013, American rapper
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who have posted several videos of themselves twerking on
105:
3286:"Jimmy Kimmel: 'Twerking girl on fire' video was a hoax"
2022:"Bounce: Rap Music and Cultural Survival in New Orleans"
796:
In 2011, the Twerk Team, a group of female dancers from
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community that a meteoric rise in popularity post-[
2954:"Danny Brown, "#ExpressYourself" (Prod. by Trampy) MP3"
1184:, in which Cyrus twerked during a medley of her track "
752:, "made twerking the most popular dance move since the
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saying that the video was "perpetuating stereotypes".
1211:, featured twerking in the music video to her single "
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2889:
2540:"Could 'Twerking' Possibly Be a New Way to Stay Fit?"
2513:
City Girls - Twerk ft. Cardi B (Official Music Video)
1679:"Dirty Decade: Rap Music and the US South, 1997â2007"
1215:". This caused some controversy with American rapper
654:
used the dance in a video that was uploaded first on
224:. In 2013, it became the top "what is" search on the
102:
96:
2176:"TwerkingâA Brief History | The Vast World of Dance"
372:
African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal
93:
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2402:"Juicy J â Bands A Make Her Dance (Remix 2) Lyrics"
1382:
Bounce: Rap Music and Local Identity in New Orleans
646:In 2013, the dance became a viral sensation beyond
90:
3677:Let's Talk About The Female MCs Who Shaped Hip-Hop
3563:"Is Taylor Swift's video for Shake It Off racist?"
3480:"Glee Recap: Twerking, Moles, and 'Blurred Lines'"
3127:
1864:"Do you know how to twerk? (Or even what it is?)"
1132:. Behrs was later seen twerking to the 1992 hit "
3192:"Ray Donovan hilarious jon voight scene Twerk!!"
1169:, which aired February 25, 2014 and was titled "
1159:, which aired November 13, 2013 and was titled "
509:â all of which were popular with New York Black
154:Twerking emerged from the bounce music scene of
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897:", during her performance at Bootsy Bellows in
860:. Miley Cyrus's "Wop" video would go to become
768:Hot 100, makes numerous allusions to twerking.
3368:"Beth Behrs Twerks the DJ Stand on Ellen show"
2310:"'Twerk,' 'selfie' added to Oxford dictionary"
1672:
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59:Type of dance primarily involving the buttocks
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2652:"How to Do the Wop? Miley Cyrus Demonstrates"
2626:"Workaholics s03e07 Episode Script | SS"
959:writer Jordan Sargent considered "Wop" to be
8:
3044:"Rihanna Twerks Dangerously in 'Pour It Up'"
1624:
1622:
338:movements of the bottom and hips while in a
64:"Twerk" redirects here. For other uses, see
1066:broadcast Season 1 Episode 3 of the series
924:On July 9, 2013, a video was posted on the
26:
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3667:A Complete History of Twerking (1993-2013)
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1207:In August 2014, American recording artist
1176:In August 2013, American recording artist
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1146:, which she hosted alongside her co-star
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3508:. Atlanta Blackstar. February 25, 2014.
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1043:". In August 2013, the song "Twerk", by
979:In the music video for Barbadian singer
700:, from the former's second studio album
116:; possibly from 'to work') is a type of
32:This is an accepted version of this page
3561:Phillips, Catherine (August 21, 2014).
3023:from the original on September 21, 2013
3017:"Danny Brown â Express Yourself Lyrics"
2320:from the original on September 24, 2015
2262:from the original on September 26, 2013
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300:and was used frequently in New Orleans
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3253:Blake, Meredith (September 10, 2013).
3234:from the original on September 3, 2013
2907:from the original on February 21, 2014
2632:from the original on September 9, 2014
2434:from the original on November 17, 2012
2408:from the original on November 13, 2012
2291:from the original on December 11, 2015
2068:from the original on February 17, 2017
1876:from the original on December 17, 2012
1776:from the original on November 26, 2013
1384:. Boston: Univ of Massachusetts Press.
1073:In August 2013, Juicy J announced via
876:, was seen twerking when her bandmate
3284:Oldenburg, Ann (September 10, 2013).
3140:from the original on January 12, 2022
2130:from the original on October 22, 2021
1764:Lauren Moraski (September 21, 2013).
1095:that he and his team had devised, on
369:Elizabeth PĂ©rez (2015) states in the
7:
3604:from the original on August 21, 2014
3573:from the original on August 22, 2014
3172:from the original on August 24, 2013
3056:from the original on October 5, 2013
2714:from the original on August 17, 2014
2461:from the original on January 1, 2013
2370:Guardian Staff (November 19, 2013).
2035:(1) (published 2006). Archived from
1821:Gaunt, Kyra D. (September 1, 2015).
1742:from the original on August 15, 2017
1655:from the original on August 15, 2017
1519:Vendetti, Tyler (October 20, 2020).
1116:. In October 2013, American actress
1108:Also in September, "Twerk" from the
513:dancers in 1920sâ (Picart 2013, 58).
77:A woman twerking at a music festival
2933:from the original on August 3, 2013
2870:. kimmicupcakes.com. Archived from
2792:. swaysuniverse.com. Archived from
2744:from the original on August 1, 2014
2688:from the original on August 1, 2014
2491:from the original on April 29, 2019
2455:"2012: The Year We All Got Ratchet"
2100:from the original on August 4, 2018
1525:. Simon and Schuster. p. 194.
1467:from the original on April 19, 2019
1101:. In April 2014, the video won the
833:In March 2013, American pop singer
411:âWhere dance on a social level was
228:search engine following pop artist
3729:Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater
3486:from the original on July 13, 2014
3322:from the original on June 25, 2020
3265:from the original on June 25, 2020
3082:from the original on April 4, 2020
2822:from the original on July 21, 2014
2770:from the original on July 14, 2014
2606:from the original on June 23, 2014
2600:"Top Iggy Azalea Twerking Moments"
2580:from the original on June 26, 2020
2510:CityGirlsVEVO (January 16, 2019),
2428:"French Montana â Pop That Lyrics"
2382:from the original on July 19, 2014
2351:from the original on June 11, 2016
1906:from the original on July 16, 2017
1571:PĂ©rez, Elizabeth (July 28, 2015).
1539:from the original on July 25, 2021
1437:from the original on June 12, 2019
880:uploaded the footage on YouTube.
804:, were mentioned during the song "
740:" featuring fellow rappers Drake,
419:identity within the fabric of the
387:counter-narratives. The Colombian
330:defines twerking as dancing "in a
57:
3592:Gupta, Prachi (August 19, 2014).
3460:from the original on July 1, 2019
3374:from the original on June 9, 2015
3348:from the original on July 5, 2014
3292:from the original on May 25, 2014
3204:from the original on June 1, 2022
3108:from the original on June 1, 2022
2952:Zeichner, Naomi (April 5, 2013).
2766:. heavy.com. September 25, 2013.
2684:. Mirror Online. March 24, 2013.
2453:Weiss, Jeff (December 28, 2012).
2258:. Rap Genius. November 11, 2012.
2149:Pinheiro, Ester (June 13, 2021).
2001:from the original on May 23, 2016
1971:from the original on June 1, 2022
1932:from the original on May 14, 2019
1862:Levy, Megan (December 14, 2012).
1798:. August 29, 2013. Archived from
1703:from the original on July 5, 2017
1496:from the original on May 14, 2014
1395:Dee, Jonathan (August 11, 2012).
1105:for best viral clip of the year.
3844:
3542:from the original on May 3, 2019
3512:from the original on May 2, 2014
3394:"Beth Behrs Twerks the DJ Stand"
3344:. mirror.co.uk. April 30, 2014.
2985:@XDannyXBrownX (April 4, 2013).
2966:from the original on May 9, 2013
2929:. Animal New York. August 2013.
2848:from the original on May 2, 2014
2628:. springfieldspringfield.co.uk.
2520:from the original on May 4, 2019
2339:Hern, Alex (December 17, 2013).
2236:from the original on May 8, 2019
1827:Journal of Popular Music Studies
1796:"What is the origin of 'twerk'?"
1722:Hern, Alex (December 17, 2013).
1120:, of American television sitcom
648:African-American popular culture
86:
3673: (archived January 2, 2015)
1136:", in January 2014, during the
714:, reached number six on the US
423:Coastâ (Davila 2009, 134). The
3482:. Vulture. November 15, 2013.
3426:. Clevver News. Archived from
3042:Reed, Ryan (October 2, 2013).
3019:. Rap Genius. August 1, 2013.
2710:. uproxx.com. March 21, 2013.
2256:"BeyoncĂ© â Check on It Lyrics"
909:. American actress and singer
890:The Tonight Show with Jay Leno
292:"), which was reported by the
130:throwing or thrusting the hips
1:
3734:American Negro Ballet Company
3396:. EllenTV.com. Archived from
2281:Nellie Jay (March 20, 2013),
1991:"A Brief History of Twerking"
1589:10.1080/17528631.2015.1055650
928:-owned video sharing service
673:" in the Oxford Dictionaries
607:, peaked at number 17 on the
555:Twerking can also be seen in
467:backgroundâ (Kubik 1979, 20).
354:especially while squatting".
3078:. Digital Spy. August 2013.
2602:. Bossip. October 21, 2013.
883:American actress and singer
826:episode "The Lord's Force",
232:performing the dance at the
4370:AfroâLatin American culture
3682:A Brief History of Twerking
3642:"Longest duration twerking"
3136:. London. August 29, 2013.
3104:. idolator.com. July 2013.
2020:Miller, Matt (April 2006).
1182:2013 MTV Video Music Awards
1138:40th annual awards ceremony
627:R&B and pop girl group
350:thrusts and shaking of the
147:style of hip-hop known as
4421:
4400:Partial squatting position
3160:"Ray Donovan Recap: Twerk"
1577:African and Black Diaspora
845:suit, to the 2011 single "
764:peaked at number 2 on the
692:", by American pop singer
591:Rise to national attention
459:â are always suspect of a
319:and The East Side Boyz. A
63:
3842:
3724:
2987:"https://t.co/oUhH6G3ir2"
1350:Oxford English Dictionary
1166:Bad Girls All-Star Battle
1091:revealed the video was a
995:-inspired single titled "
934:Don't Drop That Thun Thun
688:In 2006, the hit single "
614:Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
359:Oxford English Dictionary
328:Oxford English Dictionary
176:As a tradition shaped by
4355:African-American culture
4020:Lean wit It, Rock wit It
3644:. Guinness World Records
2120:"Definition of Twerking"
1957:. Da Capo. p. 260.
1486:Fuse (October 9, 2013),
1284:Moulding of Cockle-bread
1129:The Ellen DeGeneres Show
1047:, featuring pop singers
775:released a song called "
662:Oxford Dictionary Online
39:latest accepted revision
2481:"Cardi B Chart History"
2210:"EL MAS SENSUAL-RENATO"
1431:www.wheretheyatnola.com
1355:Oxford University Press
1126:, was seen twerking on
1114:Global Language Monitor
783:which peaked on the US
708:Pop, Lock & Drop It
597:Whistle While You Twurk
546:video-sharing platforms
4395:Novelty and fad dances
4380:Culture of New Orleans
4365:Afro-Caribbean culture
4360:African-American dance
4294:Novelty and fad dances
3718:African-American dance
3318:. September 10, 2013.
2818:. Do Androids Dance?.
1244:African-American dance
1202:cultural appropriation
1143:People's Choice Awards
1035:" and American singer
868:. Also in March 2013,
771:In November 2018, the
756:". In 2014, the song "
726:Bandz a Make Her Dance
710:", by American rapper
532:
515:
469:
408:
261:
234:MTV Video Music Awards
78:
66:Twerk (disambiguation)
4350:2010s fads and trends
4345:2000s fads and trends
2042:on September 24, 2006
1677:Matt, Miller (2008).
1629:Holly, Hobbs (2012).
1380:Miller, Matt (2012).
1231:Guinness world record
1229:In January 2024, the
516:
478:
476:PĂ©rez (2015) states:
409:
377:
340:low, squatting stance
251:
76:
2844:. The Rotten Apple.
2230:"Twerking â BIA PIC"
1951:Sarig, Roni (2007).
1802:on December 15, 2014
1224:Lake County, Florida
991:released a Jamaican
703:Futuresex/Lovesounds
579:music video, and in
332:sexually provocative
138:low squatting stance
132:back or shaking the
126:sexually provocative
3955:Chicken Noodle Soup
3456:. January 9, 2014.
3230:. August 29, 2013.
3134:The Daily Telegraph
2576:. October 3, 2013.
2538:Morgan, Glennisha.
2378:. theguardian.com.
2316:. August 28, 2013.
967:moment", but not a
919:Sway in the Morning
907:Sway in the Morning
779:" featuring rapper
406:(Davila 2009, 120).
404:ancestral knowledge
271:Oxford Dictionaries
256:twerking at a 2015
29:Page version status
3538:. March 21, 2019.
2962:. The Fader, Inc.
2544:Frugivore Magazine
2284:Miley Cyrus Twerk.
1840:10.1111/jpms.12130
1407:on August 11, 2012
1401:The New York Times
1098:Jimmy Kimmel Live!
1062:On July 14, 2013,
1005:Shakin' It 4 Daddy
837:posted a video on
650:, when pop singer
455:history as âCongo
262:
162:that derives from
79:
35:
4332:
4331:
4156:Melbourne shuffle
4151:Liquid and digits
3985:Electric boogaloo
3853:
3852:
3259:Los Angeles Times
3200:. July 15, 2013.
3168:. July 15, 2013.
2662:on April 15, 2014
2155:Feminism in India
2096:. June 25, 2015.
1964:978-0-306-81647-5
1902:. June 25, 2015.
1532:978-1-951511-02-9
1361:on August 8, 2016
810:Waka Flocka Flame
806:Round of Applause
724:The 2012 single "
694:Justin Timberlake
622:Silkk the Shocker
524:antebellum period
258:Pharrell Williams
249:
198:Hurricane Katrina
128:manner involving
47:16 September 2024
16:(Redirected from
4412:
4252:Dancehall dances
3880:
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3754:Dancing for eels
3749:Chicago stepping
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2218:. July 15, 2012.
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1403:. Archived from
1392:
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1371:
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1366:
1357:. Archived from
1341:
1161:The End of Twerk
675:Word of the Year
601:Southern hip hop
571:music video, in
563:music video, in
520:ballinâ the jack
260:concert in Japan
250:
194:African-American
160:African diaspora
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3671:Wayback Machine
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3370:. youtube.com.
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633:Jumpin' Jumpin'
629:Destiny's Child
605:Ying Yang Twins
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491:Negro community
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3661:External links
3659:
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3584:
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3523:
3497:
3471:
3441:
3430:on May 8, 2014
3411:
3400:on May 8, 2014
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3333:
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2874:on May 2, 2014
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2012:
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1833:(3): 244â273.
1813:
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1314:Surra de Bunda
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1240:
1238:
1235:
917:'s radio show
911:Ashley Tisdale
905:'s radio show
899:West Hollywood
878:Rochelle Humes
793:
790:
734:French Montana
685:
679:
592:
589:
587:music video.
536:
533:
528:American South
473:
470:
437:Bantu-language
417:Afro-Colombian
393:North American
385:Afro-Diasporic
366:
363:
334:manner, using
266:
263:
254:Backup dancers
210:Virginia Beach
171:Central Africa
164:Bantu-speaking
58:
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36:
30:
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25:
24:
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10:
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4385:Hip hop dance
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4126:Electro dance
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3970:Cupid Shuffle
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3945:Cabbage Patch
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3764:Hip-hop dance
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3238:September 11,
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3049:Rolling Stone
3045:
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2430:. RapGenius.
2429:
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2404:. RapGenius.
2403:
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2180:sites.psu.edu
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1872:. Melbourne.
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1583:: 20, 22â23.
1582:
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1299:Pelvic thrust
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1190:Blurred Lines
1187:
1186:We Can't Stop
1183:
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1151:
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1134:Baby Got Back
1131:
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1123:2 Broke Girls
1119:
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1094:
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1086:
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1076:
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1057:leaked online
1054:
1053:Justin Bieber
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:Dance (A$ $ )
1010:
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998:
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874:The Saturdays
871:
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667:Google search
664:
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638:
634:
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615:
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602:
599:" (2000), by
598:
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577:Ass Like That
574:
570:
569:Crazy in Love
566:
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450:United States
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321:Google Trends
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136:, often in a
135:
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122:popular music
119:
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67:
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4405:Bounce music
4054:
3995:Harlem shake
3908:Breakdancing
3887:Street dance
3769:Breakdancing
3646:. Retrieved
3624:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3597:
3587:
3575:. Retrieved
3566:
3556:
3544:. Retrieved
3536:HotNewHipHop
3535:
3526:
3514:. Retrieved
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3474:
3462:. Retrieved
3453:
3444:
3432:. Retrieved
3428:the original
3424:Yahoo Screen
3423:
3414:
3402:. Retrieved
3398:the original
3388:
3376:. Retrieved
3362:
3350:. Retrieved
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3315:
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3294:. Retrieved
3279:
3267:. Retrieved
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3248:
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3227:
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3163:
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2876:. Retrieved
2872:the original
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2850:. Retrieved
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2772:. Retrieved
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2676:
2664:. Retrieved
2660:the original
2655:
2646:
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2620:
2608:. Retrieved
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2582:. Retrieved
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2564:
2552:. Retrieved
2548:the original
2543:
2533:
2522:, retrieved
2512:
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2493:. Retrieved
2484:
2475:
2463:. Retrieved
2457:. MTV Hive.
2448:
2438:December 20,
2436:. Retrieved
2422:
2412:December 20,
2410:. Retrieved
2396:
2384:. Retrieved
2376:The Guardian
2375:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2345:the Guardian
2344:
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2304:
2293:, retrieved
2283:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2224:
2213:
2201:Ghostarchive
2199:Archived at
2195:
2183:. Retrieved
2179:
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2154:
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2132:. Retrieved
2114:
2102:. Retrieved
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2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2037:the original
2032:
2028:
2015:
2003:. Retrieved
1994:
1985:
1973:. Retrieved
1953:
1946:
1934:. Retrieved
1920:
1908:. Retrieved
1899:
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1880:December 20,
1878:. Retrieved
1867:
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1830:
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1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1800:the original
1790:
1780:December 11,
1778:. Retrieved
1744:. Retrieved
1728:The Guardian
1727:
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1686:
1682:
1657:. Retrieved
1638:
1634:
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1541:. Retrieved
1521:
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1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1460:
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1439:. Retrieved
1430:
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1405:the original
1400:
1390:
1381:
1375:
1365:December 11,
1363:. Retrieved
1359:the original
1348:
1339:
1264:Erotic dance
1228:
1221:
1213:Shake It Off
1209:Taylor Swift
1206:
1198:Robin Thicke
1175:
1171:Twerk It Out
1164:
1154:
1152:
1148:Kat Dennings
1141:
1127:
1121:
1107:
1096:
1089:Jimmy Kimmel
1078:
1072:
1067:
1061:
1009:Robin Thicke
989:Busta Rhymes
978:
965:Harlem Shake
954:
952:
947:
942:
923:
918:
906:
888:
882:
855:
832:
821:
795:
792:In the media
784:
770:
765:
723:
716:
701:
696:, featuring
687:
681:
660:
645:
626:
608:
594:
561:Bootylicious
554:
542:
538:
517:
483:Tootsie Roll
479:
475:
413:criminalized
410:
383:bodies, and
378:
370:
368:
356:
325:
310:
302:bounce music
279:
268:
204:, including
190:second lines
175:
153:
142:
81:
80:
70:
61:
46:
37:This is the
31:
4274:Headbanging
4085:House dance
4050:Stanky Legg
4040:Running man
4015:Laffy Taffy
3928:Power moves
3821:Stick dance
3806:Set de flo'
3567:Metro.co.uk
2134:October 22,
2104:October 22,
2029:HypheNation
1975:November 3,
1806:December 1,
1249:Belly dance
1194:Give It 2 U
1178:Miley Cyrus
1103:Webby Award
1080:Stay Trippy
1068:Ray Donovan
1049:Miley Cyrus
1039:'s single "
1033:Get Like Me
1031:'s single "
1001:Nicki Minaj
983:'s single "
973:Danny Brown
895:Bubble Butt
870:Mollie King
835:Miley Cyrus
828:Anders Holm
823:Workaholics
818:Iggy Azalea
762:Nicki Minaj
652:Miley Cyrus
641:Check on It
618:Say I Yi Yi
535:Twerk dance
507:Mess Around
298:New Orleans
230:Miley Cyrus
208:, Memphis,
206:New Orleans
156:New Orleans
145:New Orleans
4339:Categories
4262:Folk dance
4232:Air guitar
4199:Charleston
4186:Jazz dance
4166:Rebolation
4141:Industrial
4136:Hard dance
4118:Rave dance
3960:Crank That
3796:Juba dance
3739:Buck dance
3608:August 21,
3577:August 21,
3060:October 5,
2465:January 8,
1605:5996660442
1331:References
1304:Sandungueo
1118:Beth Behrs
985:Pour It Up
812:featuring
773:City Girls
585:Pour It Up
472:Precursors
453:jazz dance
439:-speaking
400:liberatory
396:plantation
306:DJ Jubilee
4214:Tap dance
4204:Lindy Hop
4161:Para Para
4146:Jumpstyle
4000:John Wall
3965:Crip Walk
3950:Cat Daddy
3940:Bird Walk
3831:Tap dance
3811:Slow drag
3801:Lindy Hop
3784:Strutting
3648:August 8,
3598:Salon.com
2970:April 27,
2959:The Fader
2937:April 13,
2911:April 13,
2666:April 14,
2554:April 12,
2495:April 30,
2485:Billboard
2185:April 29,
2160:April 29,
1849:1533-1598
1736:0261-3077
1613:147153935
1597:1752-8631
1543:March 22,
1259:Daggering
1045:Lil Twist
993:dancehall
961:rap music
948:Billboard
943:Billboard
856:Billboard
785:Billboard
766:Billboard
746:Rick Ross
742:Lil Wayne
717:Billboard
698:Timbaland
682:Billboard
610:Billboard
499:the Shake
487:P-Popping
336:thrusting
265:Etymology
178:local aid
4375:Buttocks
4324:Waacking
4299:Pantsula
4289:Moonwalk
4279:Grinding
4267:Clogging
4247:Capoeira
4194:Cakewalk
4176:X-Outing
4093:Footwork
4055:Twerking
4010:Krumping
3935:Boogaloo
3918:Downrock
3816:Stepping
3779:Boogaloo
3759:Get down
3744:Cakewalk
3602:Archived
3571:Archived
3540:Archived
3516:July 12,
3510:Archived
3490:July 12,
3484:Archived
3464:July 12,
3458:Archived
3454:HuffPost
3434:July 12,
3404:July 12,
3378:July 12,
3372:Archived
3352:July 12,
3346:Archived
3326:June 22,
3320:Archived
3316:HuffPost
3296:July 12,
3290:Archived
3269:June 22,
3263:Archived
3232:Archived
3202:Archived
3170:Archived
3165:Collider
3138:Archived
3112:July 12,
3106:Archived
3086:July 12,
3080:Archived
3054:Archived
3021:Archived
2964:Archived
2931:Archived
2905:Archived
2878:July 12,
2852:July 12,
2846:Archived
2826:July 12,
2820:Archived
2800:July 12,
2774:July 12,
2768:Archived
2748:July 12,
2742:Archived
2718:July 12,
2712:Archived
2692:July 12,
2686:Archived
2636:July 12,
2630:Archived
2610:July 12,
2604:Archived
2584:July 12,
2578:Archived
2574:HuffPost
2518:archived
2489:Archived
2459:Archived
2432:Archived
2406:Archived
2386:July 12,
2380:Archived
2355:June 25,
2349:Archived
2318:Archived
2314:Fox News
2295:June 25,
2289:archived
2260:Archived
2234:Archived
2203:and the
2128:Archived
2098:Archived
2093:BBC News
2072:June 25,
2066:Archived
1999:Archived
1969:Archived
1930:Archived
1910:June 30,
1904:Archived
1900:BBC News
1874:Archived
1774:Archived
1770:CBS News
1746:June 30,
1740:Archived
1707:June 30,
1701:Archived
1659:June 30,
1653:Archived
1537:Archived
1500:June 30,
1494:archived
1471:June 30,
1465:Archived
1441:June 30,
1435:Archived
1411:June 30,
1324:'upa'upa
1289:Ndombolo
1269:Grinding
1237:See also
1064:Showtime
1021:Clappers
1017:Big Sean
997:Twerk It
938:hashtags
915:Shade 45
903:Shade 45
839:Facebook
758:Anaconda
738:Pop That
690:SexyBack
656:Facebook
583:âs 2013
575:'s 2005
567:âs 2003
559:âs 2001
548:such as
431:and the
429:candombe
421:Atlantic
352:buttocks
252:(video)
167:Africans
149:"bounce"
134:buttocks
82:Twerking
43:reviewed
4284:Moshing
4257:Flexing
4171:Wu-tang
4103:Jacking
4075:Wu-tang
4060:Turfing
4030:Popping
4025:Locking
4005:Jerkin'
3923:Freezes
3913:Toprock
3895:Hip-hop
3789:Popping
3774:Locking
3669:at the
3197:YouTube
3003:Twitter
2215:YouTube
2046:May 22,
2005:May 22,
1936:May 14,
1869:The Age
1309:Soukous
1279:Mapouka
1274:Malayah
1192:" and "
1140:of the
1110:MTV VMA
1075:Twitter
1041:I'm Out
981:Rihanna
926:Twitter
866:YouTube
858:Hot 100
851:J. Dash
843:unicorn
802:YouTube
798:Atlanta
781:Cardi B
730:Juicy J
719:Hot 100
637:Beyoncé
581:Rihanna
565:Beyoncé
550:YouTube
526:in the
425:batuque
317:Lil Jon
315:rapper
313:Atlanta
288:" (or "
284:" and "
269:A 2013
222:Houston
218:Atlanta
4242:Budots
4237:Azonto
4131:Hakken
4098:Hustle
4065:Uprock
3980:Dougie
3903:2 step
3546:May 3,
2656:Fusion
2524:May 6,
2240:May 8,
1961:
1847:
1734:
1611:
1603:
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1529:
1319:Tamure
1294:'ote'a
1254:Cordax
1055:, was
754:Dougie
684:charts
677:2013.
671:selfie
573:Eminem
505:, the
503:Shimmy
501:, the
465:Angola
443:â are
441:slaves
389:mapalé
365:Origin
290:twitch
275:bounce
226:Google
220:, and
4319:Tango
4314:Gwoka
4309:Salsa
4224:Other
4209:Swing
4108:Vogue
4035:Robot
3836:Vogue
3826:Swing
2991:Tweet
2040:(PDF)
2025:(PDF)
1609:S2CID
1196:" by
1085:viral
1037:Ciara
1029:Nelly
1023:" by
1019:and "
1015:" by
1007:" by
862:viral
849:" by
814:Drake
808:" by
777:Twerk
760:" by
750:Diplo
728:" by
461:Congo
457:grind
433:bongo
381:Black
282:twist
214:Miami
182:clubs
124:in a
118:dance
18:Twerk
4304:Pogo
3650:2024
3625:Time
3610:2014
3579:2014
3548:2019
3518:2014
3492:2014
3466:2014
3436:2014
3406:2014
3380:2014
3354:2014
3328:2020
3298:2014
3271:2020
3240:2013
3228:Time
3210:2017
3178:2017
3146:2013
3114:2014
3088:2014
3062:2013
3029:2013
2999:2013
2972:2013
2939:2014
2913:2014
2880:2014
2854:2014
2828:2014
2802:2014
2776:2014
2750:2014
2720:2014
2694:2014
2668:2014
2638:2014
2612:2014
2586:2014
2556:2013
2526:2019
2497:2019
2467:2013
2440:2012
2414:2012
2388:2014
2357:2016
2326:2013
2297:2016
2268:2013
2242:2019
2187:2023
2162:2023
2136:2021
2106:2021
2074:2016
2048:2016
2007:2016
1995:Fuse
1977:2020
1959:ISBN
1938:2019
1912:2017
1882:2012
1845:ISSN
1808:2014
1782:2013
1748:2017
1732:ISSN
1709:2017
1687:2008
1661:2017
1639:2012
1601:OCLC
1593:ISSN
1545:2021
1527:ISBN
1502:2017
1473:2017
1461:Fuse
1443:2017
1413:2017
1367:2013
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1156:Glee
1093:hoax
1051:and
1025:Wale
969:meme
963:'s "
956:Spin
930:Vine
744:and
712:Huey
603:duo
511:jazz
357:The
326:The
286:jerk
188:and
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1835:doi
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