Knowledge (XXG)

72 equal temperament

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the 11th are matched very closely in 72-ET; no intervals formed as the difference of any two of these intervals are tempered out by this tuning system. Thus, 72-ET can be seen as offering an almost perfect approximation to 7-, 9-, and 11-limit music. When it comes to the higher harmonics, a number of intervals are still matched quite well, but some are tempered out. For instance, the comma 169:168 is tempered out, but other intervals involving the 13-th harmonic are distinguished.
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is off by about half of a step. This suggests that if each step of 12-ET were divided in six, the fifth, seventh, and eleventh harmonics would now be well-approximated, while 12-ET's excellent approximation of the third harmonic would be retained. Indeed, all intervals involving harmonics up through
116:). Since 72 is divisible by 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 72, 72-EDO includes all those equal temperaments. Since it contains so many temperaments, 72-EDO contains at the same time tempered semitones, third-tones, quartertones and sixth-tones, which makes it a very versatile temperament. 176:
intervals (see above), as is the 12 tone equal temperament mostly commonly used in Western music (and which is contained as a subset within 72 equal temperament), 72 equal temperament, as a much finer division of the octave, is an excellent tuning for both representing the division of the octave
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A. Hába: "Harmonické základy ctvrttónové soustavy". German translation: "Neue Harmonielehre des diatonischen, chromatischen Viertel-, Drittel-, Sechstel- und Zwölftel-tonsystems" by the author. Fr. Kistner & C.F.W. Siegel, Leipzig, 1927. Universal, Wien, 1978. Revised by Erich Steinhard,
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G. Chryssochoidis, D. Delviniotis and G. Kouroupetroglou, "A semi-automated tagging methodology for Orthodox Ecclesiastic Chant Acoustic corpora", Proceedings SMC'07, 4th Sound and Music Computing Conference, Lefkada, Greece (11–13 July
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Below are the sizes of some intervals (common and esoteric) in this tuning. For reference, differences of less than 5 cents are melodically imperceptible to most people.
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can be viewed as a subset of 72-ET, the closest matches to most commonly used intervals under 72-ET are distinct from the closest matches under 12-ET. For example, the
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of 12-ET, which is sharp, exists as the 24-step interval within 72-ET, but the 23-step interval is a much closer match to the 5:4 ratio of the just major third.
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A number of composers have made use of it, and these represent widely different points of view and types of musical practice. These include
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Because 72-EDO contains 12-EDO, the scale of 12-EDO is in 72-EDO. However, the true scale can be approximated better by other intervals.
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They may be combined with the traditional sharp and flat symbols (6 steps = 100 cents) by being placed before them, for example:
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This division of the octave has attracted much attention from tuning theorists, since on the one hand it subdivides the standard
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scale derived by dividing the octave into twelfth-tones, or in other words 72 equal steps (equal frequency ratios).
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and on the other hand it accurately represents overtones up to the twelfth partial tone, and hence can be used for
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between notes, and for representing with great accuracy many rational intervals as well as irrational intervals.
4373: 4347: 3962: 3826: 3670: 2905: 3806: 3034: 2615:(Manuscript, 1953), Ed. Contrechamps, Geneva, 1996. Preface by Pascale Criton, edited by Franck Jedrzejewski. 4235: 3912: 3640: 3466: 3391: 3314: 3163: 2845: 3424: 4378: 4276: 4149: 4144: 3902: 3662: 3625: 3615: 2860: 2545: 269: 4307: 4297: 4256: 3932: 3658: 2980: 2810: 2298: 387: 273: 3937: 257: 4271: 3985: 3917: 3897: 3872: 3666: 3611: 3593: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3290: 3113: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 2785: 2506: 2502: 1523: 1079: 144: 3952: 4052: 4031: 3892: 3630: 3603: 3501: 3285: 3230: 2930: 2910: 2561: 2269: 1616: 229: 202: 132: 47: 217: 4292: 4266: 4261: 4220: 3975: 3695: 3481: 3476: 3207: 2925: 2835: 2651: 296: 3700: 2795: 140: 4318: 4154: 4074: 4026: 4005: 3968: 3674: 3635: 3510: 3449: 3295: 3178: 3045: 2825: 2815: 2780: 2635: 2616: 2566: 2494: 2475: 173: 120: 4010: 3942: 3887: 3882: 3654: 3518: 3486: 3406: 3371: 3183: 3136: 2985: 2895: 2850: 2820: 2761: 2490: 729: 620: 249: 245: 4302: 4215: 4000: 3927: 3922: 3877: 3849: 3776: 3416: 3123: 2865: 2346: 280: 265: 253: 240:. There was also an active Soviet school of 72 equal composers, with less familiar names: 182: 161: 454: 373: 232:, and still others simply because it approximates higher-limit just intonation, such as 4182: 4062: 3454: 3429: 3376: 3337: 3247: 2960: 2915: 2805: 1853: 1804: 904: 225: 206: 178: 509: 443: 417: 381: 4362: 4230: 4225: 4199: 3947: 3749: 3718: 3491: 3444: 3351: 3158: 2900: 2875: 2830: 2486: 2395: 1311: 1274: 646: 261: 198: 128: 124: 4240: 4166: 4159: 3713: 3553: 3356: 3078: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2950: 2945: 2840: 2800: 2790: 237: 83: 2709: 2634:(Manuscript, 1936), Ed. L'Harmattan, Paris, 2005, edited by Franck Jedrzejewski. 4187: 3957: 3801: 3796: 3786: 3381: 3361: 3029: 3024: 3014: 2955: 2479: 1394: 1225: 1177: 1128: 1015: 169: 4057: 3791: 3760: 3019: 2870: 1755: 1751: 1703: 1699: 462: 404: 333: 213: 17: 4132: 4096: 4091: 4079: 4047: 3781: 3735: 3173: 2890: 233: 172:, who used something similar. Although the 72 equal temperament is based on 502: 475: 341: 2693: 212:
Many other composers use it freely and intuitively, such as jazz musician
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Museum of Ancient Greek, Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Musical Instruments
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of sound. 72-EDO is also cited among the divisions of the tone by
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as an approximation to continuous sound in discontinuous scales.
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no. 290–291, pp. 71–141, Ed. Richard-Masse, Paris, 1972
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are interested in it because it supports the use of
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Twelve Microtonal Etudes for Electronic Music Media
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Archived from 2597:"L'ultrachromatisme et les espaces non octaviants" 2015: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1983: 1951: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1900: 1517: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1272: 135:, who considered it as a good approach to the 3834: 3322: 2746: 216:, and classically oriented composers such as 8: 3397:List of intervals in 5-limit just intonation 2722:—symbols for Maneri-Sims notation and others 2632:Une philosophie dialectique de l'art musical 2485:12-ET has a very good approximation for the 2668:The Boston Microtonal Society official site 2493:is off by about a third of a step, and the 3841: 3827: 3819: 3506: 3329: 3315: 3307: 3000: 2753: 2739: 2731: 2674:"Wyschnegradsky notation for twelfth-tone" 564: 164:theory, dividing the octave into 72 equal 62:Each step represents a frequency ratio of 2516: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2031: 2028: 2025: 1025: 1022: 1019: 960: 957: 954: 2578: 427:, but without the intervening space. A 185:genera in which intervals are based on 29:Standard Chinese phonology § Tones 2726:Byzantine Music Electroacoustic Music 2465:contrast with diatonic scale in 12-et 558:Just intervals approximated in 72-TET 7: 224:. Others, such as New York composer 160:The 72 equal temperament is used in 2548:notated with the Maneri-Sims system 295:system designed for 72-et uses the 104:= 6) and is thus a "twelfth-tone" ( 398:up and down (3 steps = 50 cents). 25: 2452:contrast with just diatonic scale 437:tone may be one of the following 4343: 4342: 3984: 3472:Ptolemy's intense diatonic scale 2929: 2924: 508: 501: 474: 461: 453: 442: 416: 403: 380: 372: 340: 332: 2099:greater septendecimal semitone 1359:septendecimal supraminor third 1063:septendecimal supermajor third 220:and others associated with the 2145:lesser septendecimal semitone 86:, which divides the 100 cent " 1: 4325:School of Ecclesiastic Music 3435:Harry Partch's 43-tone scale 3132:Harry Partch's 43-tone scale 2439:play diatonic scale in 72-et 2426: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2393: 2388: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2219: 2214: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2139: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2098: 2093: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2068: 2063: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2020: 1978: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1895: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1851: 1846: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1802: 1797: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1750: 1745: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1698: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1658: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1570: 1565: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1522: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1436: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1353: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1310: 1267: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1175: 1170: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1126: 1121: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1057: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1013: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 992: 979: 976: 973: 951: 946: 933: 930: 927: 914: 911: 908: 903: 898: 885: 882: 879: 866: 863: 860: 857: 852: 839: 836: 833: 820: 817: 814: 811: 806: 804: 801: 798: 785: 782: 779: 776: 771: 758: 755: 752: 739: 736: 733: 728: 723: 721: 718: 715: 702: 699: 696: 693: 688: 675: 672: 669: 656: 653: 650: 645: 640: 638: 635: 632: 630: 627: 624: 619: 614: 612: 609: 606: 604: 601: 598: 593: 588: 585: 582: 579: 576: 573: 570: 567: 316:-tone down and up (1 step = 90:" into 6 equal parts (100 ÷ 3255:Sonata for Microtonal Piano 2173:septimal chromatic semitone 1442:quasi-tempered minor third 283:uses 72 equal temperament. 242:Evgeny Alexandrovich Murzin 4395: 3402:List of meantone intervals 3262:Suite for Microtonal Piano 2022:septimal diatonic semitone 26: 4333: 4123:Byzantine Musical Symbols 3982: 3856: 3392:List of musical intervals 3387:Consonance and dissonance 3214:Huygens-Fokker Foundation 3202:Boston Microtonal Society 2922: 1664:septendecimal whole tone 858:(15:11) augmented fourth 222:Boston Microtonal Society 2613:La Loi de la Pansonorité 3913:Joseph the Hymnographer 3164:Otonality and Utonality 2546:regular diatonic scales 2501:Unlike tunings such as 1477:tridecimal minor third 952:septimal narrow fourth 499:) while 5 steps may be 356:down and up (2 steps = 4277:Thrasyvoulos Stanitsas 4150:Hagiopolitan Octoechos 4145:Neobyzantine Octoechos 3903:Theophanes the Branded 2861:Claus-Steffen Mahnkopf 2549: 694:septendecimal tritone 559: 4308:Monastery of Stoudios 4257:Greek Byzantine Choir 3659:Temperament ordinaire 3037:(Bohlen–Pierce scale) 2981:Tui St. George Tucker 2520: 2299:septimal quarter tone 557: 193:Other history and use 4337:*also music theorist 4272:Konstantinos Pringos 4118:72 equal temperament 3918:Joseph the Confessor 3898:Theodore the Studite 3873:Romanos the Melodist 3462:List of compositions 3291:Generalized keyboard 2786:Easley Blackwood Jr. 2698:The Xenharmonic wiki 1524:septimal minor third 1080:septimal major third 998:17:13 narrow fourth 293:Maneri-Sims notation 143:, who preferred the 121:12 equal temperament 36:72 equal temperament 3893:Stephen the Sabaite 3286:Enharmonic keyboard 3237:quarter tone pieces 3231:Beauty in the Beast 2911:Ivan Wyschnegradsky 2595:I. Wyschnegradsky: 2562:Musical temperament 2270:septimal third-tone 1901:greater tridecimal 1617:septimal whole tone 777:tridecimal tritone 270:Pyotr Meshchianinov 230:miracle temperament 203:Ivan Wyschnegradsky 201:, Julián Carrillo, 133:Ivan Wyschnegradsky 46:, or 72-ET, is the 4369:Equal temperaments 4267:Iakovos Nafpliotis 4262:Nikodimos Kabarnos 4221:Solon Hadjisolomos 3976:Janus Plousiadenos 3933:Nikephoros Ethikos 3696:Chinese musicology 3482:Scale of harmonics 3477:Pythagorean tuning 3425:Euler–Fokker genus 3208:Genesis of a Music 2836:Christiaan Huygens 2712:on October 4, 2017 2550: 1984:lesser tridecimal 1803:greater undecimal 560: 4356: 4355: 4319:Only-begotten Son 4236:Miloš Velimirović 4155:Papadic Octoechos 4027:Paschal troparion 4006:George Pachymeres 3969:Manuel Chrysaphes 3859:List of composers 3816: 3815: 3682: 3681: 3304: 3303: 3296:Modernism (music) 3145: 3144: 3046:Equal temperament 2816:Brian Ferneyhough 2694:Sagittal notation 2640:978-2-7475-8578-1 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2361: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2347:septimal diesis 2332: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2313: 2311: 2310: 2309: 2284: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2255: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2236: 2234: 2233: 2232: 2206: 2204: 2203: 2202: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2183: 2158: 2156: 2155: 2154: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2112: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2085: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2055: 2053: 2052: 2051: 2036: 2034: 2033: 2032: 2007: 2005: 2004: 2003: 1990: 1986: 1985: 1970: 1968: 1967: 1966: 1943: 1941: 1940: 1939: 1924: 1922: 1921: 1920: 1907: 1903: 1902: 1887: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1868: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1838: 1836: 1835: 1834: 1819: 1817: 1816: 1815: 1789: 1787: 1786: 1785: 1770: 1768: 1767: 1766: 1737: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1718: 1716: 1715: 1714: 1677: 1675: 1674: 1673: 1650: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1631: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1557: 1555: 1554: 1553: 1538: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1509: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1490: 1488: 1487: 1486: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1428: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1409: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1372: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1345: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1326: 1324: 1323: 1322: 1289: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1259: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1240: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1211: 1209: 1208: 1207: 1192: 1190: 1189: 1188: 1176:quasi-tempered 1162: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1143: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1113: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1094: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1049: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1030: 1028: 1027: 1026: 984: 982: 981: 980: 965: 963: 962: 961: 938: 936: 935: 934: 919: 917: 916: 915: 890: 888: 887: 886: 871: 869: 868: 867: 844: 842: 841: 840: 825: 823: 822: 821: 790: 788: 787: 786: 763: 761: 760: 759: 744: 742: 741: 740: 707: 705: 704: 703: 680: 678: 677: 676: 661: 659: 658: 657: 552: 542: 538: 535: 533: 528: 527: 524: 519: 518: 515: 507: 500: 495: 491: 488: 486: 481: 480: 473: 468: 467: 460: 452: 449: 441: 438: 433: 429: 428: 423: 422: 415: 410: 409: 402: 393: 389: 388: 379: 371: 366: 362: 359: 357: 352: 348: 347: 339: 331: 326: 322: 319: 317: 312: 308: 307: 303: 299: 289: 281:ANS synthesizer 266:Gennady Gladkov 254:Eduard Artemiev 195: 162:Byzantine music 158: 156:Byzantine music 153: 151:History and use 141:Julián Carrillo 109: 107: 106: 105: 100: 96: 93: 91: 79: 75: 72: 70: 65: 63: 55: 53: 52: 51: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4392: 4390: 4382: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4361: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4351: 4350: 4339: 4338: 4334: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4327: 4322: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4289: 4287: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4212: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4191: 4190: 4183:Byzantine lyra 4179: 4177: 4173: 4172: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4163: 4162: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4141: 4140: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4109: 4107: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4088: 4087: 4077: 4072: 4071: 4070: 4063:Byzantine Rite 4060: 4055: 4050: 4044: 4042: 4038: 4037: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3978: 3973: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3953:Joannes Glykys 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3869: 3867: 3863: 3862: 3857: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3846: 3845: 3838: 3831: 3823: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3810: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3773: 3771: 3767: 3766: 3764: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3680: 3679: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3608: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3561: 3551: 3546: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3515: 3513: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3430:Harmonic scale 3427: 3421: 3419: 3413: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3377:Interval ratio 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3336: 3334: 3333: 3326: 3319: 3311: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3282: 3280: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3272: 3265: 3258: 3251: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3216: 3211: 3204: 3198: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3186: 3181: 3179:Xenharmonicity 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3155: 3153: 3147: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3050: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3039: 3038: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3011: 3009: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2961:Adriaan Fokker 2958: 2953: 2948: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2935: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2918: 2916:La Monte Young 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2881:John Schneider 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2826:Bjørn Fongaard 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2806:Mildred Couper 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2758: 2757: 2750: 2743: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2723: 2702: 2701: 2700: 2690: 2670: 2663: 2662:External links 2660: 2657: 2656: 2644: 2624: 2605: 2588: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2564: 2557: 2554: 2514: 2511: 2472: 2471: 2458: 2445: 2429: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2343: 2342: 2339: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2291: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2266: 2265: 2262: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2217: 2216: 2213: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2165: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2066: 2065: 2062: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2018: 2017: 2014: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1981: 1980: 1977: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1898: 1897: 1894: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1854:neutral second 1849: 1848: 1845: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1805:neutral second 1800: 1799: 1796: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1657: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1568: 1567: 1564: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1308: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1270: 1269: 1266: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1124: 1123: 1120: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1076: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1060: 1059: 1056: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1011: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 999: 995: 994: 991: 978: 975: 972: 959: 956: 953: 949: 948: 945: 932: 929: 926: 913: 910: 907: 905:perfect fourth 901: 900: 897: 884: 881: 878: 865: 862: 859: 855: 854: 851: 838: 835: 832: 819: 816: 813: 812:11th harmonic 809: 808: 805: 803: 800: 797: 784: 781: 778: 774: 773: 770: 757: 754: 751: 738: 735: 732: 726: 725: 722: 720: 717: 714: 701: 698: 695: 691: 690: 687: 674: 671: 668: 655: 652: 649: 643: 642: 639: 637: 634: 631: 629: 626: 623: 617: 616: 613: 611: 608: 605: 603: 600: 597: 591: 590: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 568:Interval Name 551: 548: 288: 285: 226:Joseph Pehrson 207:Iannis Xenakis 194: 191: 157: 154: 152: 149: 145:sixteenth-tone 125:11-limit music 24: 18:Two-third tone 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4391: 4380: 4379:Microtonality 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4349: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4332: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4320: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4288: 4284: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4248: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4231:Oliver Strunk 4229: 4227: 4226:Peter Jeffery 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4211: 4207: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4180: 4178: 4174: 4168: 4165: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4104: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4069: 4066: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4039: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3998: 3996: 3992: 3987: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3964: 3963:John Laskaris 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3948:Xenos Korones 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3844: 3839: 3837: 3832: 3830: 3825: 3824: 3821: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3750:Carnatic raga 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3719:Turkish makam 3717: 3715: 3712: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3685: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3617: 3616:quarter-comma 3613: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3559: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3499: 3493: 3492:Tonality flux 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3447: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3327: 3325: 3320: 3318: 3313: 3312: 3309: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3250: 3249: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3209: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3191: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3154: 3148: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3002: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2906:Elaine Walker 2904: 2902: 2901:Claude Vivier 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2876:Roger Redgate 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2856:Stu Mackenzie 2854: 2852: 2851:György Ligeti 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2756: 2751: 2749: 2744: 2742: 2737: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2711: 2707: 2706:"Alterations" 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2675: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2665: 2661: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2592: 2589: 2582: 2579: 2572: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2553: 2547: 2541: 2529: 2519: 2513:Scale diagram 2512: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2487:perfect fifth 2483: 2481: 2477: 2467: 2459: 2454: 2446: 2441: 2433: 2432: 2413: 2397: 2392: 2383: 2364: 2348: 2344: 2335: 2316: 2300: 2296: 2287: 2271: 2267: 2258: 2239: 2223: 2218: 2209: 2190: 2174: 2170: 2161: 2143: 2134: 2115: 2097: 2088: 2072: 2067: 2058: 2039: 2023: 2019: 2010: 1982: 1973: 1955: 1946: 1927: 1899: 1890: 1871: 1855: 1850: 1841: 1822: 1806: 1801: 1792: 1773: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1740: 1721: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1680: 1662: 1653: 1634: 1618: 1614: 1597: 1569: 1560: 1541: 1525: 1521: 1512: 1493: 1475: 1458: 1440: 1431: 1412: 1396: 1392: 1375: 1357: 1348: 1329: 1313: 1312:neutral third 1309: 1292: 1276: 1275:neutral third 1271: 1262: 1243: 1227: 1223: 1214: 1195: 1179: 1174: 1165: 1146: 1130: 1125: 1116: 1097: 1081: 1077: 1061: 1052: 1033: 1017: 1012: 996: 987: 968: 950: 941: 922: 906: 902: 893: 874: 856: 847: 828: 810: 793: 775: 766: 747: 731: 727: 710: 692: 683: 664: 648: 647:perfect fifth 644: 622: 618: 596: 592: 583:Just (cents) 574:Size (cents) 571:Size (steps) 566: 563: 556: 550:Interval size 549: 547: 511: 504: 477: 464: 456: 445: 419: 406: 399: 397: 383: 375: 343: 335: 298: 294: 286: 284: 282: 277: 275: 271: 267: 263: 262:Andrei Eshpai 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 210: 208: 204: 200: 192: 190: 188: 184: 180: 175: 171: 167: 163: 155: 150: 148: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 117: 112: 89: 85: 58: 49: 45: 42:, 72-TET, 72- 41: 37: 30: 19: 4317: 4298:Protopsaltes 4241:Egon Wellesz 4160:Nana (echos) 4117: 3807:Lambda scale 3714:Arabic maqam 3671:Werckmeister 3588: 3502:Temperaments 3279:Other topics 3267: 3260: 3253: 3246: 3229: 3223:Compositions 3206: 3195:publications 3150:Concepts and 3108: 3035:Lambda scale 2976:Harry Partch 2971:Yuri Landman 2966:Lou Harrison 2951:Wendy Carlos 2946:Glenn Branca 2846:Ben Johnston 2841:Charles Ives 2801:Franklin Cox 2791:Heinz Bohlen 2714:. Retrieved 2710:the original 2697: 2688:Sagittal.org 2677:. Retrieved 2647: 2631: 2627: 2612: 2608: 2600: 2596: 2591: 2581: 2551: 2533:and 72-tone 2500: 2484: 2473: 1957:great limma 561: 400: 370:cents), and 292: 290: 278: 238:James Tenney 218:Julia Werntz 211: 196: 165: 159: 136: 118: 40:twelfth-tone 39: 35: 33: 4293:Akolouthiai 4188:Cretan lyra 4176:Instruments 3958:John Kladas 3802:Delta scale 3797:Gamma scale 3787:Alpha scale 3689:non-Western 3687:Traditional 3382:Pitch class 3362:Millioctave 3345:Measurement 3242:just pieces 3030:Delta scale 3025:Gamma scale 3015:Alpha scale 3005:Non-octave- 2995:Tunings and 2956:Ivor Darreg 2781:Béla Bartók 2716:October 16, 2480:major third 1571:tridecimal 1395:minor third 1273:tridecimal 1226:major third 1178:major third 1129:major third 1016:major third 1014:tridecimal 580:Just Ratio 485:(4 steps = 297:accidentals 170:Aristoxenos 4363:Categories 4250:Performers 4075:Koinonikon 4058:Cherubikon 3792:Beta scale 3770:Non-octave 3761:Tetrachord 3663:Kirnberger 3626:Schismatic 3193:Groups and 3152:techniques 3020:Beta scale 2871:Joe Maneri 2831:Alois Hába 2811:John Eaton 2573:References 2394:undecimal 2220:chromatic 1756:minor tone 1752:whole tone 1704:major tone 1700:whole tone 1127:undecimal 214:Joe Maneri 199:Alois Hába 174:irrational 129:Alois Hába 34:In music, 4133:Octoechos 4097:Sticheron 4092:Troparion 4080:Kontakion 4048:Aposticha 4032:Octoechos 3994:Theorists 3866:Composers 3782:A12 scale 3736:Octoechos 3701:Shí-èr-lǜ 3650:Irregular 3467:Otonality 3407:Microtone 3174:Sonido 13 2939:Inventors 2891:Ezra Sims 2769:Composers 2474:Although 2069:diatonic 234:Ezra Sims 183:chromatic 137:continuum 38:, called 4348:Category 4209:Scholars 4195:Thaboura 4085:Akathist 4068:Kathisma 3667:Vallotti 3620:septimal 3612:Meantone 3372:Interval 3169:Semitone 2679:June 24, 2556:See also 2521:12-tone 2222:semitone 2071:semitone 546:cents). 529:♭ 520:♯ 482:♭ 469:♯ 424:♭ 411:♭ 330:cents), 287:Notation 181:and the 179:diatonic 88:halftone 48:tempered 4286:Related 4200:Organon 4113:Petasti 4020:Liturgy 3756:Slendro 3706:Dastgah 3631:Miracle 3594:96-tone 3589:72-tone 3584:58-tone 3579:53-tone 3574:41-tone 3569:34-tone 3564:31-tone 3554:24-tone 3549:23-tone 3544:22-tone 3539:19-tone 3534:17-tone 3529:15-tone 3524:12-tone 3455:7-limit 3450:5-limit 2419:100:99 2124:104.95 2078:111.73 2048:119.44 2029:116.67 2000:128.30 1989:⁄ 1963:133.24 1936:138.57 1917:133.33 1906:⁄ 1880:150.64 1831:165.00 1812:166.67 1782:182.40 1763:183.33 1730:203.91 1689:216.69 1670:216.67 1643:231.17 1624:233.33 1606:247.74 1576:⁄ 1550:266.87 1531:266.67 1502:289.21 1483:283.33 1467:301.85 1421:315.64 1402:316.67 1384:336.13 1365:333.33 1338:347.41 1301:359.47 1282:366.67 1252:386.31 1233:383.33 1204:386.31 1155:417.51 1136:416.67 1106:435.08 1087:433.33 1069:446.36 1042:454.21 1004:464.43 977:470.78 958:466.66 931:498.04 883:536.95 864:533.33 837:551.32 802:563.38 783:566.67 756:582.51 737:583.33 719:603.00 673:701.96 636:968.83 628:966.67 541:⁄ 494:⁄ 432:⁄ 392:⁄ 365:⁄ 351:⁄ 325:⁄ 311:⁄ 99:⁄ 78:⁄ 64:√ 4138:Nenano 4106:Theory 3908:Kassia 3724:Mugham 3710:Maqam 3604:Linear 3558:pieces 3519:6-tone 3440:Hexany 3367:Savart 3248:Mother 2997:scales 2886:Sevish 2654:2007). 2638:  2619:  2427:−0.73 2422:17.40 2403:16.67 2389:−2.36 2373:35.70 2370:49:48 2354:33.33 2341:+1.23 2325:48.77 2322:36:35 2293:+3.71 2277:62.96 2274:28:27 2264:−4.01 2248:70.67 2245:25:24 2229:66.67 2215:−1.13 2199:84.47 2196:21:20 2180:83.33 2167:+1.05 2151:98.95 2148:18:17 2140:-4.95 2121:17:16 2094:+4.94 2075:16:15 2064:−2.78 2045:15:14 2016:+5.04 1997:14:13 1979:+0.09 1960:27:25 1952:−5.24 1933:13:12 1896:−0.64 1877:12:11 1847:+1.66 1828:11:10 1798:+0.93 1746:−3.91 1694:−0.02 1686:17:15 1659:+2.16 1611:+2.26 1603:15:13 1566:−0.20 1518:−5.88 1499:13:11 1472:-1.85 1464:25:21 1437:+1.03 1389:−2.80 1381:17:14 1354:+2.59 1306:+7.19 1298:16:13 1268:−2.98 1220:13.69 1171:−0.84 1152:14:11 1122:−1.75 1074:+3.64 1066:22:17 1058:−4.21 1039:13:10 1009:+2.24 1001:17:13 993:−4.11 974:21:16 947:+1.96 899:−3.62 880:15:11 853:−1.32 807:+3.28 799:18:13 772:+0.82 724:−3.00 716:17:12 689:−1.96 641:−2.16 595:octave 589:Error 272:, and 187:ratios 4128:Echos 4053:Canon 4041:Forms 3741:Pelog 3729:Muqam 3675:Young 3636:Magic 3511:Equal 3445:Limit 3352:Pitch 3159:Limit 2507:41-ET 2503:31-ET 2476:12-ET 2396:comma 1994:tone 1911:tone 1779:10:9 1581:tone 1335:11:9 834:11:8 610:1200 602:1200 586:MIDI 577:MIDI 523:, or 472:, or 166:moria 84:cents 69:, or 4167:Ison 3746:Raga 3357:Cent 2718:2017 2681:2022 2636:ISBN 2617:ISBN 2539:Play 2527:Play 2505:and 2411:play 2381:play 2362:play 2333:play 2314:play 2285:play 2256:play 2237:play 2207:play 2188:play 2159:play 2132:play 2113:play 2105:100 2086:play 2056:play 2037:play 2008:play 1971:play 1944:play 1925:play 1888:play 1869:play 1861:150 1839:play 1820:play 1790:play 1771:play 1738:play 1727:9:8 1719:play 1711:200 1678:play 1651:play 1640:8:7 1632:play 1595:play 1587:250 1558:play 1547:7:6 1539:play 1510:play 1491:play 1456:play 1448:300 1429:play 1418:6:5 1410:play 1373:play 1346:play 1327:play 1319:350 1290:play 1260:play 1249:5:4 1241:play 1212:play 1201:5:4 1193:play 1185:400 1163:play 1144:play 1114:play 1103:9:7 1095:play 1050:play 1031:play 1023:450 985:play 966:play 939:play 928:4:3 920:play 912:500 891:play 872:play 845:play 826:play 818:550 791:play 764:play 753:7:5 745:play 708:play 700:600 681:play 670:3:2 662:play 654:700 633:7:4 607:2:1 386:for 378:and 346:for 338:and 306:for 302:and 291:The 279:The 236:and 205:and 131:and 110:Play 56:Play 2696:", 2306:50 1809:10 1760:11 1708:12 1667:13 1621:14 1584:15 1528:16 1480:17 1445:18 1399:19 1362:20 1316:21 1279:22 1230:23 1182:24 1133:25 1084:26 1020:27 955:28 909:30 861:32 815:33 780:34 734:35 697:36 651:42 625:58 599:72 414:or 44:EDO 4365:: 3673:, 3669:, 3665:, 3618:, 3114:96 3109:72 3104:58 3099:53 3094:41 3089:34 3084:31 3079:24 3074:23 3069:22 3064:19 3059:17 3054:15 2599:, 2400:1 2351:2 2303:3 2226:4 2177:5 2102:6 2026:7 1914:8 1858:9 1754:, 1702:, 615:0 534:83 514:, 487:66 459:, 448:, 358:33 318:16 313:12 276:. 268:, 264:, 260:, 256:, 252:, 248:, 244:, 209:. 92:16 71:16 3971:* 3842:e 3835:t 3828:v 3752:) 3748:( 3677:) 3661:( 3657:/ 3622:) 3614:( 3560:) 3556:( 3330:e 3323:t 3316:v 2754:e 2747:t 2740:v 2720:. 2692:" 2683:. 2642:. 1991:3 1987:2 1908:3 1904:2 1578:4 1574:5 543:3 539:1 536:+ 532:( 525:↑ 516:↓ 496:3 492:2 489:+ 450:↓ 439:↑ 434:3 430:1 394:4 390:1 367:3 363:1 360:+ 353:6 349:1 327:3 323:2 320:+ 309:1 304:↑ 300:↓ 101:3 97:2 94:+ 80:3 76:2 73:+ 66:2 31:. 20:)

Index

Two-third tone
Standard Chinese phonology § Tones
EDO
tempered
Play
cents
halftone
Play
12 equal temperament
11-limit music
Alois Hába
Ivan Wyschnegradsky
Julián Carrillo
sixteenth-tone
Byzantine music
Aristoxenos
irrational
diatonic
chromatic
ratios
Alois Hába
Ivan Wyschnegradsky
Iannis Xenakis
Joe Maneri
Julia Werntz
Boston Microtonal Society
Joseph Pehrson
miracle temperament
Ezra Sims
James Tenney

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