274:. The models were sufficiently detailed that "any competent carpenter" could replicate the model in full-size. The program was designed to aid small districts that could not afford to pay architects to develop plans for schools with modern standards of "health and efficiency". In 1914, at the program's initiation, it was estimated that there had been 212,000 rural schools built in the United States, most of which had been planned without "any regard to light, ventilation, or sanitation".
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small rural school. Enrollment climbed again in the 1980s as parents sought to avoid problems with peer pressure and drugs in bigger schools. Enrollment climbed to 47 in 2014. After receiving funding in 2019 from a state grant for improving small schools, the school added a third classroom and performed other repairs and modernization of the school.
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classroom allowed for two teachers to operate at the school, serving a larger number of schoolchildren and/or more grade levels. Architecturally, they could be slightly more complex, but were still usually very simple. In some areas, a two-room school indicated the village or town was more prosperous.
258:
To facilitate expansion of schools associated with the growth of a community, plans were also developed to enlarge a school not only from one to two rooms, but also from two to four classrooms, three to six, or four to six or eight. These plans were designed to expand an architecturally simple small
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through second grade in one classroom and those in third through sixth grade in the other. According to the district superintendent, who had attended the school herself, enrollment fell in the late 1960s to as low as four as parents felt their children would be socially disadvantaged by attending a
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is a two-room schoolhouse constructed with a single room in 1919 and expanded to two rooms in the 1990s. In 2019, it employed two teachers, two aides and a part-time principal to teach 19 students from kindergarten through Grade 4. In
September of the same year, it celebrated one hundred years of
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design for rural schools gives special attention to minimizing heating duct length to a basement furnace with a compact design with the classroom, library, vestibule, and coatroom clustered together. This one-room school can be expanded to two rooms by mirroring the entire building. The two room
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presented a similar design in 1913 for a 23 ft × 30 ft (7.0 m × 9.1 m) one-room school house and a 46 ft × 30 ft (14.0 m × 9.1 m) two-room school, again with a movable wall between the two classrooms. These dimensions do not include the
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suggests a school room be no bigger than 24 by 30 feet (7.3 m × 9.1 m) which would seat up to 40 students, as "a teacher having charge of more than this number cannot do satisfactory work - especially in a rural school". The width was also the limit of acceptable daylighting from
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building, a small multi-room school house is more similar to a one-room schoolhouse, both being architecturally very simple structures. While once very common in rural areas of many countries, one and two-room schools have largely been replaced although some are still operating. Having a second
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issued a guide in 1914 with a floorplan of a similar two-room school with the same layout of a front entrance into a vestibule, two coatrooms off the vestibule, and a large room divided by a moveable wall into two 26 ft × 32 ft (7.9 m × 9.8 m) classrooms.
194:. One plan also featured two similarly sized classrooms, vestibule, coat rooms and the added amenities of an enclosed porch and a 88 sq ft (8.2 m) library in the front and a wood shed attached to the back with a wood-fired heater for each classroom.
204:, would receive one-half of the construction cost from the state and county. South Carolina recommended one-room schools only if "after careful consideration, and after all efforts to maintain a two-room, two-teacher school have failed.
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students. The image of two-room school is used as the logo for the
Learning Center because it is an "important symbol of aspirational leadership in education" and the school provides "a sense of turning back to the successful basics."
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between the entrance and the classrooms to separate the outdoor climate from the classrooms. Coatrooms off the vestibule allowed a place for wet clothes to dry while keeping their "disagreeable offensive odors" out of the classrooms.
514:, built in 1911 as a one-room school house and expanded with the addition of a second high-school classroom in 1927. The building has been restored and is used as a museum of history of Camp Walton with an emphasis on education.
249:
shingles. The simple design includes two 31 ft × 38 ft (9.4 m × 11.6 m) classrooms separated by the vestibule and coat rooms. This design included a rear vestibule and exit for each classroom.
469:, built in 1903 as a one-room school and expanded to two rooms. It was used as a school until 1951. The school was restored in 2007 by the Cross County Historical Society and added to the NRHP the following year.
219:
two-room school plan separates the rooms with long hallway, with the vestibule, coatrooms, a library and teacher's office between the classrooms. A rear projection includes toilets and lab/shop spaces.
302:, opened in 1892 and served farm families until 1957. It reopened as a private school in 1996 and later became a library for the larger Eleanor Roosevelt Learning Center which supports hundreds of
507:, built in 1906 from masonry to replace the earlier school destroyed by fire. It was sold in 1976, listed on the NRHP in 1982, renovated in 1998 and used as the Peoria Historical Society Museum.
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338:, and after King Edward abdicated it was renamed York Mills School. A new wing was added in 1950, and the school continued to operate until 1982. The building was demolished in 2004.
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497:, built in 1867 and used as a school until 1932. After use by the city health department for forty years, it became an education museum and was listed on the NRHP in 1981.
182:
A 1916 bulletin issued by the Oregon school superintendent included plans for six different variations of a two-room school house prepared by the Oregon chapter of the
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435:, where it was used as a school until 1953. It was later moved to Oregon and restored for use as a museum of US 1880s education. It was added to the NRHP in 2005.
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While many small schools were closed after consolidation into larger districts, some remained. A two-room school was operating in the farming community of
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school affords for indoor toilets as the "second" library space can be used for a girls' toilet room (a boys' toilet would go under the entrance stairs).
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magazine as an example of a "modern" school. To meet state building codes, the entire foundation and exterior walls are made of masonry, with a roof of
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314:. One room was a classroom, and the other was a science lab and Bogg's innovative use of science in teaching other subjects earned her the
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The rural school plant for rural teachers and school boards, normal schools, teachers' training classes, rural extension bureaus
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715:"A two-room schoolhouse. It almost folded once, but the community kept it going - and the children are benefited"
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One notable two-room teacher is Bonnie Boggs who taught for 14 years in the two-room elementary school in rural
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noted that school districts in the state that used a standard design from its bulletin, prepared by
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334:, the Baron Renfrew School was a two-room school that opened in 1925. It was named in honor of the
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made scale models of one, two, and four room schoolhouses available to rural communities by
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in a small community or rural area. While providing the same function as a contemporary
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881:"This tiny two-room schoolhouse is still teaching young Quebecers after 100 years"
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In the United States, many two-room schoolhouses are preserved and listed on
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821:"News A Science Teaching System Honed in a Two-Room School By Carol Potera"
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137:
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Nicholas Murray Butler; Frank
Pierrepont Graves; William McAndrew (1907).
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school at minimal cost with near complete re-use of the prior building.
935:"NMCB-5 supports the National Institute of Health in Dili, Timor-Leste"
392:
331:
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Presidential Award for
Excellence in Science and Mathematics in 1995.
768:"Damman School undergoing multiple projects with state grant funding"
342:
357:
started a project to demolish and rebuild a two-room schoolhouse at
112:, with many of the same characteristics, providing the facility for
1104:"National Register Information System – (#08100062)"
1080:"National Register Information System – (#04000494)"
1056:"National Register Information System – (#08001037)"
1032:"National Register Information System – (#85002153)"
1008:"National Register Information System – (#90001742)"
984:"National Register Information System – (#05001369)"
960:"National Register Information System – (#03000355)"
907:"Centennial anniversary coming up for two-room Quebec schoolhouse"
136:
795:"Two-room Schoolhouse is Part of a Bigger Picture for Students"
602:"Property Record 1075 CTH E Architecture and History Inventory"
455:, built in 1874 and used until 1963. It was later used as the
29:
45:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
855:"The history of the Hoggs Hollow neighbourhood in Toronto"
483:. It was added to the NRHP in 2004 as the only surviving
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Canada has been home to a number of two-room schools. In
160:
windows on the opposite wall. The guide recommended a
54:
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taught 27 children that year in two classes, those in
1153:"Programming at the Camp Walton Schoolhouse Museum"
741:"Two-room schoolhouse serves grades K-5 in Damman"
479:, built in 1926 with financial assistance of the
510:The Camp Walton Schoolhouse Museum, in downtown
365:. The project was finished on March 30, 2020.
43:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
459:and library and listed on the NRHP in 1985.
97:Models of small schools available from the
211:A California plan with opposing classrooms
702:. Vol. 21, no. 1. January 1914.
239:, was cited in the October 1914 issue of
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
372:
235:, designed by architect C. F. Bowdle of
206:
186:and the architecture departments of the
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879:Campbell, Emily (September 14, 2019).
853:Romanska, Anastasiya (March 7, 2021).
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1109:National Register of Historic Places
1085:National Register of Historic Places
1061:National Register of Historic Places
1037:National Register of Historic Places
1013:National Register of Historic Places
989:National Register of Historic Places
965:National Register of Historic Places
419:National Register of Historic Places
353:In December 2019, the United States
819:Potera, Carol (September 8, 1995).
696:"Schoolhouse Models by Parcel Post"
449:Mason District Number 5 Schoolhouse
361:'s National Institute of Health in
355:Naval Mobile Construction Battalion
263:is one state that had such plans.
215:Instead of adjacent classrooms, a
155:A 1909 school planning guide from
25:
739:Takores, Lauren (June 12, 2014).
463:New Hope School (Wynne, Arkansas)
268:United States Bureau of Education
179:shared vestibule and coat rooms.
99:United States Bureau of Education
658:"A Modern Two-Room Schoolhouset"
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560:
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184:American Institute of Architects
34:
905:Sargeant, Tim (June 19, 2019).
713:Steese, Ellen (June 29, 1978).
646:. The Bruce publishing company.
640:Samuel Andrew Challman (1917).
399:and other uses. These include:
266:In the early 20th century, the
933:Hall, Sierra (April 2, 2020).
766:Holappa, Karl (May 11, 2020).
298:The two-room Venice School in
141:Two-room masonry school built
1:
833:10.1126/science.269.5229.1337
719:The Christian Science Monitor
523:Wisconsin Historical Register
411:
142:
341:In the Canadian province of
336:Edward, then-Prince of Wales
202:Clemson Agricultural College
316:National Science Foundation
192:Oregon Agricultural College
108:is a larger version of the
57:, discuss the issue on the
27:Small rural school building
1210:
512:Fort Walton Beach, Florida
473:Oak Grove Rosenwald School
345:, the Soulanges School in
231:A two-room schoolhouse in
322:Outside the United States
300:Tulare County, California
1128:"Historic Places Peoria"
799:Merced County Events.com
774:. Ellensburg, Washington
747:. Ellensburg, Washington
453:Mason Township, Michigan
1132:City of Peoria, Arizona
477:Sevier County, Arkansas
350:continuous operation.
517:The Mifflin School in
384:
284:Ellensburg, Washington
212:
152:
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1184:Two-room schoolhouses
1114:National Park Service
1090:National Park Service
1066:National Park Service
1042:National Park Service
1018:National Park Service
994:National Park Service
970:National Park Service
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210:
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1194:History of education
606:wisconsinhistory.org
495:Sheboygan, Wisconsin
382:Sheboygan, Wisconsin
188:University of Oregon
110:one-room schoolhouse
106:two-room schoolhouse
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
18:Two-room schoolhouse
1116:. November 2, 2013.
1092:. November 2, 2013.
1068:. November 2, 2013.
1044:. November 2, 2013.
1020:. November 2, 2013.
996:. November 2, 2013.
972:. November 2, 2013.
681:. Doubleday, Doran.
431:, built in 1883 in
408:Oak Brook, Illinois
118:secondary education
678:Educational Review
519:Mifflin, Wisconsin
443:Lacombe, Louisiana
389:heritage registers
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827:. No. 5229.
700:Popular Mechanics
491:Third Ward School
378:Third Ward School
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467:Wynne, Arkansas
433:Chana, Illinois
421:(NRHP) in 2003.
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1160:. Retrieved
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838:February 13,
836:. Retrieved
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802:. Retrieved
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778:February 13,
776:. Retrieved
772:Daily Record
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751:February 13,
749:. Retrieved
745:Daily Record
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724:February 13,
722:. Retrieved
718:
708:
699:
677:
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662:Building Age
661:
652:
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612:February 13,
610:. Retrieved
605:
543:Alabama plan
487:in Arkansas.
425:Chana School
386:
369:Preservation
352:
340:
328:Hoggs Hollow
325:
309:
297:
292:Kindergarten
281:
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242:Building Age
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233:Osgood, Ohio
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150:Osgood, Ohio
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912:Global News
415: 1921
359:Timor-Leste
272:parcel post
237:Piqua, Ohio
146: 1914
1178:Categories
585:References
530:Floorplans
217:California
157:New Mexico
579:Minnesota
567:Minnesota
457:town hall
397:dwellings
225:Minnesota
162:vestibule
59:talk page
944:March 7,
890:March 7,
885:CTV News
864:March 7,
410:, built
247:asbestos
176:Oklahoma
53:You may
1157:fwb.org
825:Science
555:Georgia
465:, near
393:museums
332:Toronto
114:primary
859:blogTO
343:Quebec
133:Design
503:, in
493:, in
475:, in
451:, in
441:, in
427:, in
406:, in
380:, in
61:, or
1164:2021
1139:2021
946:2021
920:2021
892:2021
866:2021
840:2021
806:2021
780:2021
753:2021
726:2021
614:2021
363:Dili
190:and
116:and
829:doi
148:in
124:or
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