242:
219:
116:
141:
500:
493:
248:
147:
1922:
875:
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role
1022:
Meltzer PS, Jankowski SA, Dal Cin P, et al. (1992). "Identification and cloning of a novel amplified DNA sequence in human malignant fibrous histiocytoma derived from a region of chromosome 12 frequently rearranged in soft tissue tumors".
876:
in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is thought to be involved in growth-related cellular processes. This gene is associated with tumorigenesis and osteosarcoma.
1408:
255:
154:
1073:
Jankowski SA, Mitchell DS, Smith SH, et al. (1994). "SAS, a gene amplified in human sarcomas, encodes a new member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily of proteins".
1322:
Ragazzini P, Gamberi G, Pazzaglia L, et al. (2004). "Amplification of CDK4, MDM2, SAS and GLI genes in leiomyosarcoma, alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma".
1842:
1902:
1401:
583:
564:
77:
1638:
1633:
1991:
1044:
Jankowski SA, De Jong P, Meltzer PS (1995). "Genomic structure of SAS, a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily amplified in human sarcomas".
1386:
1967:
1986:
1394:
953:
935:
241:
1605:
806:
799:
1162:
Ragazzini P, Gamberi G, Benassi MS, et al. (1999). "Analysis of SAS gene and CDK4 and MDM2 proteins in low-grade osteosarcoma".
218:
974:
922:
901:
1610:
140:
115:
918:
897:
57:
254:
153:
247:
146:
1960:
1593:
628:
65:
1129:"Co-amplification and overexpression of CDK4, SAS and MDM2 occurs frequently in human parosteal osteosarcomas"
1345:"The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)"
1874:
609:
1953:
1598:
1425:
129:
1096:"Transcript mapping in a 46-kb sequenced region at the core of 12q13.3 amplification in human cancers"
1625:
1581:
1475:
1247:
44:
1193:"Identification and Characterization of the Potential Promoter Regions of 1031 Kinds of Human Genes"
1615:
757:
753:
706:
702:
89:
1236:"Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences"
782:
761:
727:
698:
499:
492:
1374:
1331:
1310:
1275:
1222:
1179:
1150:
1115:
1082:
1061:
1032:
1010:
37:
1937:
1821:
1816:
1761:
1751:
1746:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1706:
85:
1847:
1676:
1656:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1528:
1518:
1513:
1503:
1498:
1421:
1364:
1356:
1300:
1265:
1255:
1212:
1204:
1171:
1140:
1107:
1053:
1002:
334:
265:
209:
164:
1533:
1508:
1460:
1455:
309:
1251:
993:
Wright MD, Tomlinson MG (1995). "The ins and outs of the transmembrane 4 superfamily".
1369:
1344:
1270:
1235:
1217:
1192:
1980:
1933:
1175:
1057:
1006:
69:
1433:
327:
106:
93:
1786:
1648:
958:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
940:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
410:
1869:
1852:
1450:
226:
123:
73:
1879:
1289:"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs"
528:
470:
348:
293:
280:
192:
179:
81:
1378:
1335:
1314:
1279:
1260:
1226:
1183:
1145:
1128:
1111:
1154:
1119:
1086:
1065:
1036:
1014:
846:
841:
1837:
1442:
830:
673:
654:
1208:
1811:
1766:
1756:
1741:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1701:
1417:
1360:
862:
640:
595:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1573:
1429:
814:
550:
1921:
1095:
1305:
1288:
1862:
1857:
1771:
1523:
1493:
1488:
1929:
1889:
1884:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1776:
1586:
1483:
1465:
869:
61:
1390:
508:
1796:
1234:
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003).
317:
1941:
1343:
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004).
1094:
Elkahloun AG, Krizman DB, Wang Z, et al. (1997).
482:
1127:
Wunder JS, Eppert K, Burrow SR, et al. (1999).
1830:
1647:
1624:
1572:
1474:
1441:
775:
746:
720:
691:
1287:Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004).
914:
912:
910:
893:
891:
889:
1191:Suzuki Y, Tsunoda T, Sese J, et al. (2001).
264:
163:
1843:LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein
919:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000006736
1961:
1402:
8:
898:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135452
1968:
1954:
1409:
1395:
1387:
524:
305:
204:
101:
1639:Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C
1634:Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B
1368:
1304:
1269:
1259:
1216:
1144:
969:
967:
885:
18:
1903:other cell membrane protein disorders
975:"Entrez Gene: TSPAN31 tetraspanin 31"
269:
230:
225:
168:
127:
122:
7:
1918:
1916:
1606:Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
1940:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
772:
743:
717:
688:
664:
645:
619:
600:
574:
555:
487:
405:
343:
322:
14:
865:that in humans is encoded by the
1920:
1176:10.1046/j.1525-1500.1999.09907.x
498:
491:
253:
246:
240:
217:
152:
145:
139:
114:
1992:Human chromosome 12 gene stubs
1875:Phospholipid transfer proteins
1611:Myelin-associated glycoprotein
509:More reference expression data
471:More reference expression data
1:
238:
137:
16:Protein-coding gene in humans
1987:Genes on human chromosome 12
1240:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
1058:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80051-M
1007:10.1016/0167-5699(94)90222-4
371:right lobe of thyroid gland
2008:
1915:
1594:Myelin proteolipid protein
441:medial ganglionic eminence
1898:
954:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
936:"Human PubMed Reference:"
845:
840:
836:
829:
813:
807:Chr 10: 126.9 – 126.91 Mb
794:
779:
750:
739:
724:
695:
684:
671:
667:
652:
648:
639:
626:
622:
607:
603:
594:
581:
577:
562:
558:
549:
534:
527:
523:
506:
490:
481:
468:
425:medullary collecting duct
417:
408:
355:
346:
316:
308:
304:
287:
274:
237:
216:
207:
203:
186:
173:
136:
113:
104:
100:
55:
52:
42:
35:
30:
26:
21:
800:Chr 12: 57.74 – 57.75 Mb
1261:10.1073/pnas.242603899
1146:10.1038/sj.onc.1202346
1112:10.1006/geno.1997.4727
359:pancreatic ductal cell
1426:Cell surface receptor
232:Chromosome 10 (mouse)
130:Chromosome 12 (human)
48:, SAS, tetraspanin 31
1626:Pulmonary surfactant
1582:Myelin basic protein
1476:Membrane-spanning 4A
387:right adrenal cortex
1616:Myelin protein zero
1324:Histol. Histopathol
1252:2002PNAS...9916899M
1209:10.1101/gr.gr-1640r
1164:Cancer Detect. Prev
375:right adrenal gland
363:islet of Langerhans
94:TSPAN31 - orthologs
1928:This article on a
1361:10.1101/gr.2596504
1025:Cell Growth Differ
629:ENSMUSG00000006736
421:left lobe of liver
1949:
1948:
1910:
1909:
1422:membrane proteins
1246:(26): 16899–903.
856:
855:
852:
851:
825:
824:
790:
789:
769:
768:
735:
734:
714:
713:
680:
679:
661:
660:
635:
634:
616:
615:
590:
589:
571:
570:
519:
518:
515:
514:
477:
476:
464:
463:
402:
401:
379:corpus epididymis
300:
299:
199:
198:
1999:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1924:
1917:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1388:
1382:
1372:
1339:
1318:
1308:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1230:
1220:
1187:
1158:
1148:
1123:
1090:
1069:
1040:
1018:
979:
978:
971:
962:
961:
950:
944:
943:
932:
926:
916:
905:
895:
838:
837:
809:
802:
785:
773:
764:
744:
740:RefSeq (protein)
730:
718:
709:
689:
665:
646:
620:
601:
575:
556:
525:
511:
502:
495:
488:
473:
453:efferent ductule
413:
411:Top expressed in
406:
383:endothelial cell
351:
349:Top expressed in
344:
323:
306:
296:
283:
272:
257:
250:
244:
233:
221:
205:
195:
182:
171:
156:
149:
143:
132:
118:
102:
96:
47:
40:
19:
2007:
2006:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1894:
1848:Neurofibromin 2
1831:Other/ungrouped
1826:
1643:
1620:
1568:
1470:
1437:
1415:
1385:
1355:(10B): 2121–7.
1342:
1321:
1286:
1233:
1190:
1161:
1126:
1093:
1072:
1043:
1031:(10): 495–501.
1021:
992:
988:
986:Further reading
983:
982:
973:
972:
965:
952:
951:
947:
934:
933:
929:
917:
908:
896:
887:
882:
847:View/Edit Mouse
842:View/Edit Human
805:
798:
795:Location (UCSC)
781:
760:
756:
752:
726:
705:
701:
697:
610:ENSG00000135452
507:
497:
496:
469:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
429:renal corpuscle
427:
423:
409:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
347:
291:
278:
270:
260:
259:
258:
251:
231:
208:Gene location (
190:
177:
169:
159:
158:
157:
150:
128:
105:Gene location (
56:
43:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2005:
2003:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1925:
1908:
1907:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1578:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1391:
1384:
1383:
1340:
1319:
1306:10.1038/ng1285
1284:
1231:
1188:
1159:
1124:
1106:(2): 295–301.
1091:
1081:(4): 1205–11.
1070:
1041:
1019:
1001:(12): 588–94.
995:Immunol. Today
989:
987:
984:
981:
980:
963:
945:
927:
906:
884:
883:
881:
878:
859:Tetraspanin-31
854:
853:
850:
849:
844:
834:
833:
827:
826:
823:
822:
820:
818:
811:
810:
803:
796:
792:
791:
788:
787:
777:
776:
770:
767:
766:
748:
747:
741:
737:
736:
733:
732:
722:
721:
715:
712:
711:
693:
692:
686:
682:
681:
678:
677:
669:
668:
662:
659:
658:
650:
649:
643:
637:
636:
633:
632:
624:
623:
617:
614:
613:
605:
604:
598:
592:
591:
588:
587:
579:
578:
572:
569:
568:
560:
559:
553:
547:
546:
541:
536:
532:
531:
521:
520:
517:
516:
513:
512:
504:
503:
485:
479:
478:
475:
474:
466:
465:
462:
461:
459:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
415:
414:
403:
400:
399:
397:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
353:
352:
340:
339:
331:
320:
314:
313:
310:RNA expression
302:
301:
298:
297:
289:
285:
284:
276:
273:
268:
262:
261:
252:
245:
239:
235:
234:
229:
223:
222:
214:
213:
201:
200:
197:
196:
188:
184:
183:
175:
172:
167:
161:
160:
151:
144:
138:
134:
133:
126:
120:
119:
111:
110:
98:
97:
54:
50:
49:
41:
33:
32:
28:
27:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2004:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1934:chromosome 12
1931:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1330:(2): 401–11.
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1203:(5): 677–84.
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1170:(2): 129–36.
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
990:
985:
976:
970:
968:
964:
959:
955:
949:
946:
941:
937:
931:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
894:
892:
890:
886:
879:
877:
873:
871:
868:
864:
860:
848:
843:
839:
835:
832:
828:
821:
819:
816:
812:
808:
804:
801:
797:
793:
786:
784:
778:
774:
771:
765:
763:
759:
755:
749:
745:
742:
738:
731:
729:
723:
719:
716:
710:
708:
704:
700:
694:
690:
687:
685:RefSeq (mRNA)
683:
676:
675:
670:
666:
663:
657:
656:
651:
647:
644:
642:
638:
631:
630:
625:
621:
618:
612:
611:
606:
602:
599:
597:
593:
586:
585:
580:
576:
573:
567:
566:
561:
557:
554:
552:
548:
545:
542:
540:
537:
533:
530:
526:
522:
510:
505:
501:
494:
489:
486:
484:
480:
472:
467:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
416:
412:
407:
404:
394:
391:renal medulla
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:
354:
350:
345:
342:
341:
338:
336:
332:
330:
329:
325:
324:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
290:
286:
282:
277:
271:10|10 D3
267:
263:
256:
249:
243:
236:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
202:
194:
189:
185:
181:
176:
166:
162:
155:
148:
142:
135:
131:
125:
121:
117:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
46:
39:
34:
29:
25:
20:
1942:expanding it
1927:
1912:
1900:
1806:
1434:cytoskeleton
1424:(other than
1352:
1348:
1327:
1323:
1296:
1292:
1243:
1239:
1200:
1196:
1167:
1163:
1139:(3): 783–8.
1136:
1132:
1103:
1099:
1078:
1074:
1052:(2): 501–6.
1049:
1045:
1028:
1024:
998:
994:
957:
948:
939:
930:
874:
866:
858:
857:
780:
758:NP_001317098
754:NP_001317097
751:
725:
707:NM_001330169
703:NM_001330168
696:
672:
653:
627:
608:
582:
563:
543:
538:
457:aortic valve
449:vas deferens
437:cumulus cell
333:
326:
292:126,906,133
279:126,903,149
53:External IDs
1649:Tetraspanin
1299:(1): 40–5.
395:gallbladder
367:pericardium
191:57,750,219
178:57,738,013
31:Identifiers
1981:Categories
1853:Presenilin
1349:Genome Res
1293:Nat. Genet
1197:Genome Res
925:, May 2017
904:, May 2017
880:References
337:(ortholog)
74:HomoloGene
1932:on human
1901:see also
1880:Dysferlin
783:NP_080258
762:NP_005972
728:NM_025982
699:NM_005981
529:Orthologs
82:GeneCards
1838:Calnexin
1443:Arrestin
1379:15489334
1336:15024701
1315:14702039
1280:12477932
1227:11337467
1184:10101594
1133:Oncogene
1100:Genomics
1075:Oncogene
1046:Genomics
921:–
900:–
831:Wikidata
433:calvaria
1822:TSPAN34
1817:TSPAN33
1812:TSPAN32
1807:TSPAN31
1802:TSPAN30
1797:TSPAN29
1792:TSPAN28
1787:TSPAN27
1782:TSPAN26
1777:TSPAN25
1772:TSPAN24
1767:TSPAN23
1762:TSPAN22
1757:TSPAN21
1752:TSPAN20
1747:TSPAN19
1742:TSPAN18
1737:TSPAN17
1732:TSPAN16
1727:TSPAN15
1722:TSPAN14
1717:TSPAN13
1712:TSPAN12
1707:TSPAN11
1702:TSPAN10
1430:enzymes
1420:: cell
1418:Protein
1248:Bibcode
1155:9989829
1120:9192850
1087:8134123
1066:7789984
1037:1661131
1015:7531445
923:Ensembl
902:Ensembl
867:TSPAN31
863:protein
641:UniProt
596:Ensembl
535:Species
312:pattern
170:12q14.1
86:TSPAN31
70:1914375
45:TSPAN31
38:Aliases
22:TSPAN31
1697:TSPAN9
1692:TSPAN8
1687:TSPAN7
1682:TSPAN6
1677:TSPAN5
1672:TSPAN4
1667:TSPAN3
1662:TSPAN2
1657:TSPAN1
1574:Myelin
1564:MS4A18
1559:MS4A15
1554:MS4A14
1549:MS4A13
1544:MS4A12
1539:MS4A10
1529:MS4A8B
1519:MS4A6E
1514:MS4A6A
1504:MS4A4E
1499:MS4A4A
1432:, and
1377:
1370:528928
1367:
1334:
1313:
1278:
1271:139241
1268:
1225:
1218:311086
1215:
1182:
1153:
1118:
1085:
1064:
1035:
1013:
817:search
815:PubMed
674:Q9CQ88
655:Q12999
551:Entrez
483:BioGPS
62:181035
1936:is a
1863:PSEN2
1858:PSEN1
1534:MS4A9
1524:MS4A7
1509:MS4A5
1494:MS4A3
1489:MS4A2
1484:MS4A1
1461:ARRB2
1456:ARRB1
861:is a
584:67125
544:Mouse
539:Human
445:molar
335:Mouse
328:Human
275:Start
210:Mouse
174:Start
107:Human
1938:stub
1930:gene
1890:OTOF
1885:STRC
1599:PLP1
1587:PMP2
1466:ARR3
1375:PMID
1332:PMID
1311:PMID
1276:PMID
1223:PMID
1180:PMID
1151:PMID
1116:PMID
1083:PMID
1062:PMID
1033:PMID
1011:PMID
870:gene
565:6302
318:Bgee
266:Band
227:Chr.
165:Band
124:Chr.
78:4359
58:OMIM
1870:HFE
1451:SAG
1365:PMC
1357:doi
1301:doi
1266:PMC
1256:doi
1213:PMC
1205:doi
1172:doi
1141:doi
1108:doi
1054:doi
1003:doi
288:End
187:End
90:OMA
66:MGI
1983::
1428:,
1373:.
1363:.
1353:14
1351:.
1347:.
1328:19
1326:.
1309:.
1297:36
1295:.
1291:.
1274:.
1264:.
1254:.
1244:99
1242:.
1238:.
1221:.
1211:.
1201:11
1199:.
1195:.
1178:.
1168:23
1166:.
1149:.
1137:18
1135:.
1131:.
1114:.
1104:42
1102:.
1098:.
1077:.
1060:.
1050:25
1048:.
1027:.
1009:.
999:15
997:.
966:^
956:.
938:.
909:^
888:^
872:.
294:bp
281:bp
193:bp
180:bp
88:;
84::
80:;
76::
72:;
68::
64:;
60::
1969:e
1962:t
1955:v
1944:.
1436:)
1410:e
1403:t
1396:v
1381:.
1359::
1338:.
1317:.
1303::
1282:.
1258::
1250::
1229:.
1207::
1186:.
1174::
1157:.
1143::
1122:.
1110::
1089:.
1079:9
1068:.
1056::
1039:.
1029:2
1017:.
1005::
977:.
960:.
942:.
212:)
109:)
92::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
