TSR, Inc. - Knowledge (XXG)

1647:(gaming stores, comics stores, and so on) to preorder their products and offered a discounted rate for contracts signed in January. TSR then took these contracts to investment banks, and was advanced money immediately by the banks, with the banks to be paid off from the eventual sales of the product. This financial innovation allowed TSR to be essentially "paid in advance", less fees from the banks and from discounts given to suppliers, which worked out to keeping about 82% of the revenue. Getting all of the money in January allowed TSR to budget with more certainty and potentially fund projects with a long lead time immediately, rather than waiting on sales. Other than the direct cost of losing 18 pennies on every dollar of revenue, factoring had the other downside of not being flexible to changing market conditions, as TSR was essentially locked into its budgeting from January. It was partially why 1132:. Gygax would later say that he was in the dark as to the extent of the financial difficulties due to being in Hollywood; Ben Riggs, an author who studied TSR's history, is skeptical Gygax was truly unaware, however. Gygax returned to Wisconsin from Hollywood. In the spring of 1985, Gygax exercised an option to buy seven hundred shares of TSR stock, which combined with shares given to his son Ernie gave him 51.1% of all stock, up from around 30% before. Gygax also says he had a confrontation with the board of directors, and had the Blumes removed. Gygax now controlled TSR. Financial difficulties continued, however. Within a year of the departure of the Blumes, the company posted a net loss of US$ 1.5 million, resulting in layoffs of approximately 75% of the staff. Some of these staff members went on to form other prominent game companies, such as 585:

Hobbies then moved to buy out the old TSR partnership's assets. Brian's father, Melvin Blume, invested $ 20,000 in the nascent company which enabled it to buy out Donna Kaye's share of the original TSR partnership. On September 26, 1975, the assets of the former partnership were transferred to TSR Hobbies. Brian Blume became the largest shareholder, Melvin Blume the second largest, and Gary Gygax the third largest. Gygax served as president of TSR Hobbies, and Blume as vice president and secretary. The Dungeon hobby shop would become the effective headquarters of the company, including the offices of Blume and Gygax. TSR Hobbies subcontracted the printing and assembly work in October 1975, and the third printing of 2,000 copies of

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company and worried about its financial strength in the long-term, sought to cash out their shares. They offered to sell their shares to Gygax, but he refused. They exercised their own options to buy seven hundred more shares, then sold their entire holdings to Lorraine Williams instead. Williams herself bought fifty shares. With these purchases, Williams became the majority shareholder of TSR, and used her voting power to depose Gygax as CEO and president on October 22, 1985. Gygax unsuccessfully challenged the sale in court; Gygax's supporters considered the Blumes' sale an act of retaliation. Gygax eventually sold his remaining stock to Williams and used the capital to form

932:(SPI), one of the major publishers of wargames and wargaming magazines in North America. SPI was heavily in debt, and TSR agreed to give them a promissory note for several hundred thousand dollars, using SPI's assets as collateral. SPI immediately used the money to pay off its debts, leaving it cash-poor but debt-free. Less than two weeks later, TSR called in the note; with no cash on hand, SPI was forced to hand over their operation to TSR. Believing the wargame market to be a lucrative opportunity, TSR immediately released several SPI titles that were ready for publication but had been stranded by a lack of money for printing, such as 1616:

settings that might be gone in a few years. They may have been cannibalizing their own sales through excessive production of books or supplements too." Ben Riggs agreed that TSR was factionalizing the AD&D audience by continually releasing competing new settings (Forgotten Realms, Al-Qadim, Dragonlance, Planescape, Dark Sun, Birthright, Karameikos, etc.), a strategy intended to lure in new customers, but that actually divided its own core customers. TSR's products essentially competed with themselves, requiring more development effort to reach the same number of total customers.

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office building of the original TSR. Elliot's TSR Games then announced on social media that while they have owned the trademark since 2011, they missed a filing date in 2020 and were considering various options. However, after Ernie Gygax's "troubling comments about race, gender identity, and gun violence, as well as his company's reaction", Elliot announced that his company would not have "any form of working relationship" with Ernie Gygax's TSR. Ultimately, Elliot's TSR Games was rebranded as Solarian Games in July 2021. Dinehart then rebranded as Wonderfilled Games.

1871:, commented that "Wizards' filing also seeks to undermine LaNasa's most powerful argument — that Wizards abandoned TSR and other related trademarks, thus opening the door to his usurping of the brand and its games. Here's where things get complicated. Wizards admitted that it failed to file paperwork for the registration of TSR, Star Frontiers, and other related marks in a timely fashion as required under federal law. But through continued sales of related products and use of the related IP, the company claims ownership via ' 773:

equivalent to 27.3% of the suggested retail price. The arrangement was mutually beneficial at first: TSR could acquire money up front to fund their work, and not have to worry about immediate sales. Many of TSR's products had consistent sales over time, and the loans allowed the company to recoup the investment immediately and use the funds to make more books. Returns were generally low, leading to Random House's confidence in TSR. However, the arrangement would cause trouble later in the 1990s.

1705:. More generally, Wizards was cash-rich, which solved some of the problems TSR had faced that had caused it to resort to the rolling loans and financial trickery that had cut into TSR's profits, such as factoring. Wizards of the Coast also moved to mend relations with some of TSR's former employees and contractors who had been alienated. This included allowing artists to take back personal ownership of the original versions of art they had made for TSR. 1680:, and charged a fee of several million dollars. Random House returned around $ 14 million of product between 1995 and 1997. TSR found itself in a cash crunch. With no cash, TSR was unable to pay their printing and shipping bills. J. B. Kenehan, the logistics company that handled TSR's pre-press, printing, warehousing, and shipping, refused to do any more work. Since the logistics company had the production plates for key products such as core 232:, who in turn engineered Gygax's ouster from the company in October 1985. TSR saw prosperity under Williams, but encountered financial trouble in the mid-1990s. While their overall sales and revenue were healthy, TSR's high costs meant the company nevertheless became unprofitable and deeply in debt. TSR was left unable to cover its publishing costs due to a variety of factors. Facing insolvency, TSR was purchased in 1997 by 1457:. TSR attempted to not enrage DC Comics by calling their new product "comics modules" and including game-related material at the end of each issue; additionally, TSR largely sold the comics modules through bookshops rather than comic shops. The compromise failed in both directions: DC, feeling betrayed that their partner was moving to become a competitor, immediately stopped production of both the 480: 38: 898:

buy-in. In interviews years later, Gygax downplayed his role, and described his position as primarily a powerless figurehead CEO, with Brian Blume as president of creative affairs and Kevin Blume as president of operations. In 1981, TSR Hobbies had revenues of $ 12.9 million and a payroll of 130.

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reported that "TSR Games never officially announced its rebranding as Wonderfilled Games" and most of its "Twitter accounts had been locked down or nuked, and the company's old website simply redirected to a new page that — interestingly — listed Dinehart's GiantLands as an in-development title. How

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In the late 1980s, TSR opened a new West Coast division in Southern California to develop various entertainment projects, similar to how Gygax had sought deals in Hollywood in the early 1980s. However, the efforts of the division would come to "less than nothing" according to TSR historian Ben Riggs,

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with unusual terms. In most deals between publishers and distributors, publishers are paid directly based on books sold downstream by the distributor to bookstores. In TSR's contract, however, Random House would loan money to TSR as an advance upon shipment of product from TSR to Random House, a loan

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Brian Blume and Gary Gygax reorganized the business from a partnership to a corporation called TSR Hobbies, Inc. At first, it was a separate company to market miniatures and games from other companies, an enterprise which was also connected to the opening of the Dungeon hobby shop in Lake Geneva. TSR

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TSR Hobbies ran into financial difficulties in the spring of 1983, prompting the company to split into four independent businesses, with game publishing and development continuing as TSR, Inc. (TSR). After losing their executive positions, the Blume brothers subsequently sold their shares to TSR Vice

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TSR's old deal with Random House, which had been mutually beneficial in the 1980s, began to be used by TSR in ways that would paper over short-term financial problems. Since TSR was paid up front on the assumption that shipped goods would ultimately sell, TSR began shipping overstock to Random House

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game in 1982 in 22 countries, with the game being translated first into French, followed by many other languages. In 1982, TSR established an educational department with the intention of developing curriculum programs for reading, math, history, and problem solving, with the most successful program

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rights.' It will be up to a jury to determine if that is, in fact, the case". In December 2022, a federal magistrate judge denied the preliminary injunction Wizards of the Coast filed. The judge said that Wizards had not yet shown enough evidence to demonstrate continuous use of the TSR brand; she

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might be interested in investing money into TSR. Williams was given a position of general manager at TSR and attempted to fix TSR's precarious financial situation. This led to clashes between Williams and Gygax, who resisted some of Williams' suggestions. Meanwhile, the Blumes, out of power at the

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When Don Kaye died of a heart attack on January 31, 1975, his role was taken over by his wife Donna Kaye, who remained responsible for accounting, shipping, and the records of the partnership through the summer. By the summer of 1975, those duties became complex enough that Gygax himself became a

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In June 2021, a new, separate TSR company was launched by a group including Ernie Gygax, Justin LaNasa and Stephen Dinehart. The company is based out of Lake Geneva, Wisconsin; they announced plans to release tabletop games and operate the Dungeon Hobby Shop Museum, which is located in the first

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quit over disagreements about how the company managed the crisis. In large part due to the need to refund Random House, TSR began 1997 more than $ 30 million in debt. TSR was threatened by lawsuits due to unpaid freelancers as well as missing royalties, but TSR made sufficient earnings from

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as an example, which sold well but was vastly overprinted. The extra copies were still sent to Random House to generate loans, however. The result was a steadily expanding "debt bubble" with Random House as returns of product soared. Random House eventually noticed something was amiss, and began

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Williams saw potential for rebuilding the debt-plagued company into a highly profitable one. However, she also acquired a reputation as a non-gamer who played the "villain" in retrospectives of TSR. Gary Gygax grew particularly disdainful of her; Williams' habit of threatening lawsuits and legal

1770:, in which some figures were marked with "Nazi™". This trademark notation was because of a list of trademarked character names supplied by Lucasfilm's legal department; they had indiscriminately marked all figures with a trademark symbol, and the Nazi figures were likewise marked accidentally. 1615:

game through a series of lucrative supplements that ultimately hurt the long-time viability of the game. Meanwhile, they had developed so many settings—many of them popular and well received—that they were both cannibalizing their only sales and discouraging players from picking up

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Melvin Blume's shares were later transferred to his son Kevin Blume. After this, the leadership of TSR consisted of Kevin Blume, Brian Blume, and Gary Gygax. In contemporary articles from the early 1980s, Gygax said that the three worked as a team, and only proceeded with unanimous consent and

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LaNasa's TSR Games then launched a crowdfunding campaign in December 2021 to raise money to sue Wizards of the Coast for "Trademark Declaratory Judgement of Ownership"; the company then filed and voluntarily dismissed the complaint that month. Wizards of the Coast, also in December 2021, sued

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Under Williams' direction, TSR solidified its expansion into other fields, such as magazines, paperback fiction, comic books, and collectible games. TSR's book division was a traditional powerhouse for the company, especially due to the comparatively low costs in producing novels compared to

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TSR Hobbies diversified by purchasing or starting new commercial ventures such as producing miniatures, expanding into toys and gifts, and adding an entertainment division to explore getting into films and television. Many parts of this expansion were later criticized as bad investments and

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In 2011, a new company taking the name TSR was founded by Jayson Elliot, who co-founded the Roll for Initiative podcast. Elliot found that the TSR trademark had expired around 2004 so he registered it himself. He then decided to launch the new company with assistance from early TSR/D&D

1453:, which sold well and were profitable for both DC and TSR. Sensing an opportunity, TSR decided to produce comics themselves as a stepping stool to television and film, as comics were cheaper to produce and start with. However, they had already sold the rights to their own A-list product in 1708:

Wizards eventually closed the TSR corporate offices in Lake Geneva. Some TSR employees accepted the offer of transferring to Wizards of the Coast's offices in Washington, and a few others continued to work remotely from Wisconsin. Wizards of the Coast continued to use the TSR name for

765:. TSR regarded these very warily, and in cases where they felt their trademarks were being misused, they issued cease-and-desist letters. More often than not, this legal posturing resulted in only slight changes to competitors' works, but caused significant animosity in the community. 1200:

with multiple paperbacks and a map as their core product, and would produce tie-in supplements such as pre-made adventures (usually called "modules"), guides to regions within the world, and novels. Also in 1987, a small design team began working to develop a second edition of the

4440:"We have owned the TSR trademark since 2011. Last year, we missed a filing date, and another company registered it, though we are still using it in commerce. While we could win a lawsuit, we frankly don't have the money to litigate. So, we're licensing it back from them. (thread)" 1690:

products already shipped to stores to keep their remaining staff paid through the first half of 1997. With no viable financial plan for TSR's survival, Lorraine Williams sold the company to Wizards of the Coast in 1997 in a deal brokered by Five Rings Publishing Group (FRPG).

1746:. In addition, there were several legal cases brought regarding who had invented what within the company and the division of royalties, including several lawsuits against Gygax. This included the company threatening to sue individuals supplying game material on websites. 848:

magazine listed TSR Hobbies among the hundred fastest-growing privately held U.S. companies. That same year, TSR Hobbies moved its offices again, into a former medical supply building with a warehouse attached. In 1982, TSR Hobbies broke the 20 million sales mark.

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Despite total sales of around $ 40 million in 1995, TSR ended 1996 with little in cash reserves, and the company was deep in debt. Random House returned an unexpectedly high percentage of unsold stock, including the year's inventory of unsold novels and sets of

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work. However, the changes to present the product as not a comic book caused the potential audience to either not know of its existence at all, or to be confused as to its nature. TSR West eventually published four comics modules: a Buck Rogers comic, a sci-fi comic

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to generate loans on demand. This caused people in the know at TSR to call it the "Banco de Random House". It also dulled TSR's internal sense of which products were selling, leading to overprinting of niche products. Ben Riggs cites the introductory product

962:. But TSR soon learned that the main reason for SPI's large debt was that the wargame market had collapsed. When their wargames failed to sell, TSR halted all new game projects; in reaction, most SPI game designers resigned and moved to rival company 3046:, pp. 477–479 Peterson notes that TSR never gave a reason for the lack of a reprint and thus did not directly corroborate this, but the claim from later sources that TSR never had a license to make such a Barsoom spinoff work is credible enough. 1698:

Wizards of the Coast settled TSR's debts as part of the acquisition. This included unwinding TSR's deal with its printer, enabling the products TSR had worked on in the first half of 1997 to be printed and distributed, such as the space opera game

1121:, but TSR's finances were in bad shape due to high expenses and costs that had assumed rule book sales would remain strong. The result was a cycle of layoffs and contractions in 1983–1985, as well as the Blumes negotiating a $ 4 million loan from 1371:

with strategy games. The intent was for players to play noble characters empowered by divine blood which gave them the power to rule domains; players could expand their domains and divine powers with a mixture of war and diplomacy. In 1996,

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In September 2022, Wizards of the Coast sued TSR Games—helmed by Ernie Gygax and LaNasa—and the Dungeon Hobby Shop Museum to enjoin these companies from publishing games under the "Star Frontiers" and "TSR" trademarks. In its motion for a

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as its main product, TSR Hobbies became a major force in the games industry by the late 1970s. Melvin Blume eventually transferred his shares to his other son Kevin, making the two Blume brothers the largest shareholders in TSR Hobbies.

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was published, and radio ads featuring "Morley the Wizard" were broadcast, a figure created "as the poster child for the softer, child-friendly image" promoted at that time. All of these core books would go on to be major hits; the

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said that "Every single person I talked to who worked under Gary and the Blumes and then worked under Lorraine preferred working under Lorraine... I never met a single person who was under both who didn't prefer being under her."

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TSR's book division ran into troubles in the mid-1990s. TSR engaged in disputes with some of its most successful authors over terms and remuneration. Weis & Hickman had been driven off in the mid-1980s; a new dispute with

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highlighted that in this playtest game a black "race is classified as a 'Subrace' and having 'average' intellect with a maximum intelligence rating of 9, whereas the 'norse' race has a minimum intelligence rating of 13".

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was produced on a shoestring budget, and re-used art that TSR had already commissioned for other projects; Lorraine Williams was not a fan of the project. Its financial results are contested; some TSR insiders say that

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roleplaying games. ... It actually has one of the legendary counters in it that reads 'Nazi™.' Which apparently was not TSR's idea, but Lucasfilm insisted that everything that appeared in the game have a "TM" next to

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were released in 1976. Also in 1976, the company opened The Dungeon Hobby Shop at 723 Williams Street and TSR Hobbies moved out of Gygax's home and into the building, with its offices upstairs from the hobby shop.

219:(TTRPG), and established the genre. When Kaye died suddenly in 1975, the Tactical Studies Rules partnership restructured into TSR Hobbies, Inc. and accepted investment from Blume's father Melvin. With the popular 1512:

and wargames to role-playing fans in general. Gen Con was a growing and successful convention; in 1992, it broke all previous attendance records for any U.S. gaming convention, with more than 18,000 people.

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titles in order to avoid high import costs. TSR was unable to reach an agreement with Games Workshop regarding a possible merger, so the company created the subsidiary TSR Hobbies UK Ltd, in 1980. Gygax hired

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books, there was no means of printing or shipping core products to generate income or secure short-term financing. The company laid off thirty staff members in December 1996, and other employees including

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Gygax: "I was alerted to a problem: Kevin Blume was shopping TSR on the street in New York City. I flew back from the West Coast, and discovered the corporation was in debt to the bank the tune of circa

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They were not commercially successful. TSR West closed around 1991, although TSR would continue to work with Flint Dille on film-adjacent products made in California such as the introductory video for

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was a collectible dice game where each player started with a random assortment of basic dice, and could improve their assortment by purchasing booster packs of more powerful dice. The first sets of

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full-time employee of the partnership in order to take them over from Donna Kaye. Arneson also entered the partnership in order to coordinate research and design with his circle in the Twin Cities.

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license. Williams personally encouraged TSR to produce Buck Rogers tie-in material. TSR would end up publishing Buck Rogers board games, novels, a comic book, and a role-playing game based on the

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By 1996, TSR was experiencing numerous problems, as outlined by various historians of the company. Shannon Appelcline wrote: "Distributors were going out of business. TSR had unbalanced their

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reported that "Elliot stressed that his 'TSR is a new company'." Both Gygax brothers left the company in 2016 when the magazine ended. The company operated as TSR Games, producing the

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saga in 1984 after being in development for two years. The series was both a set of modules and supplements designed for running campaigns in an entirely new game world, starting with

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business, was one particularly criticized acquisition; it was owned by a cousin of the Blumes. Sales of D&D-themed needlecraft were abysmal, and the acquisition was criticized as

1943: 422:, selling them for $ 10 each (and the extra dice needed for another $ 3.50). This first print sold out in 10 months. In January 1975, TSR printed a second batch of 1,000 copies of 4717: 1643:

Another factor that hobbled TSR in the long-term was a financial arrangement known as "factoring." Factoring worked like this: TSR first arranged contracts with retailers in the

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game is "despicable" and "blatantly racist and transphobic", and that the publication of such content would inflict reputational harm on Wizards of the Coast. Charlie Hall, for

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was released as an introductory product aimed to recruit new role-players, including a 30-minute video which explained role-playing concepts; a similar introductory product,

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happened in 1994–1995. TSR suffered "the effects of overexpansion" in 1996 with an "expanded number of hardcover novels and a wide array of gaming accessories such as its

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were co-developing, so he founded the new company with Kaye to self-publish their products. Needing financing to bring their new game to market, Gygax and Kaye brought in

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in 1988, many of Salvatore's books would go on to reach the paperback bestseller lists. TSR eventually moved into publishing hardcover novels as well with Salvatore's

4293:"We no longer have any Gygaxes in our company, since 2016 when Gygax magazine ended. We are definitely pro-LGBT, and love the whole rainbow of gamers and kind humans" 1653: 6742: 2182: 952: 2489: 6722: 6712: 3513: 2914:(1995). However, such projects never represented more than a fraction of the company's fiction output, which retained a strong emphasis on game-derived works. 6707: 2729: 2310: 1959: 1842:

role-playing game) playtest created by LaNasa's TSR; the content contains "blatantly racist" descriptions of character races and the race design "plays into

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had not been considered a success by TSR as players perceived it as mainly a way to move characters from one world to another rather than its own setting;

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The struggle for financing led to board room shake-ups at the top level. TSR's line of credit was stopped by its bank, and the company was in debt to over

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came out in 1980; reportedly, a note regarding a fictitious assassination plot on TSR stationery, as part of the playtesting of the new game, prompted the

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was discontinued in 1996, although one final release occurred in late 1997. Another collectible competitor to Wizards of the Coast that TSR produced was

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was not a commercial success. In the original configuration of the partnership, Kaye served as president, Blume as vice-president, and Gygax as editor.

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In 1983, the company was split into four companies: TSR, Inc. (the primary successor), TSR International, TSR Ventures, and TSR Entertainment, Inc.

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action against perceived foes was criticized as unwise and turning potential allies into enemies. However, her tenure has also been defended.

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for 2nd edition was released; TSR had published a sourcebook on upgrading the 1st edition material to 2nd edition in 1990 earlier. In 1993,

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attempted to remedy this by focusing on Sigil as a place to set an entire campaign, rather than a place to pass through. TSR also released

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to lead the subsidiary, which would expand into continental Europe during the 1980s. TSR UK published a series of modules and the original

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demanding TSR shrink its debt load with them—around $ 11.8 million in June 1995. Random House sued TSR in April 1996 for repayment.

4252: 6288: 5637: 5121: 5101: 4692: 1737: 1595:". Part of this overexpansion included publishing twelve hardcover novels up from the usual two novels per year. Shannon Appelcline, in 1416: 1411: 1032: 987:

Gygax left for Hollywood to found TSR Entertainment, Inc., later Dungeons & Dragons Entertainment Corp., which attempted to license

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was made on a tiny budget, as TSR was attempting to take on a new initiative in the middle of the year, and led to a fiasco with its

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role-playing supplements which required commissioning art and play-testing. The most notably successful novel series of the era was

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at all until the court case concludes, hence there was no need for a preliminary injunction. In June 2023, LaNasa's TSR declared

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themed setting. TSR would go on to produce many expansions for 2nd edition, such as a series of class handbooks that began with

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sold well in 1977 and 1978, would sell over 100,000 copies in 1979, and would continue to be updated and re-released for years.

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products to movie and television executives. His work would eventually lead to only a single license for what later became the

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also noted that the defendants disclaimed the racist version of the game and had promised not to release any version of

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Dungeon Hobby Shop Advertisement. "Discover the Dungeon". The Strategic Review, vol. II, no. 2, April 1976, pp. 12-13

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said that she "pretty much saved the company," as the company was weeks away from total collapse when she took over.

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LaNasa's TSR for trademark fraud over the use of the TSR logo which is owned by Wizards of the Coast. In July 2022,

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TSR published a large number of fantasy and science fiction novels unconnected with their gaming products, such as

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name only. In late 1978, TSR Hobbies and the Dungeon Hobby Shop moved from 723 Williams Street into downtown

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role-playing games. In 1985, Gen Con moved out of Lake Geneva which had given it its name, and relocated to

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have been profitable—the cost of production was simply too high compared to the price they sold for.

6441: 5354: 5042: 3825: 2481: 1983: 1858: 1374: 1122: 717: 708:. Due to the inclusion of the word "Advanced" in the title, TSR did not pay Dave Arneson any royalties on 613: 533: 328: 124: 6353: 6346: 5359: 5339: 4041: 3626:"Magic & Memories: The Complete History of Dungeons & Dragons – Part III: Tyrants & Wizards" 2694: 1743: 1527: 1109:; customers who wanted rulebooks largely already had them. There were bright spots in 1983–1985 such as 725: 607: 6360: 5066: 2796: 2003: 565: 360: 183: 156: 4829: 1105:

Sales of the core rule books and boxed sets crested in 1983 and fell in 1984 and 1985, largely due to

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products, but by 2000, the TSR moniker was dropped, coinciding with the release of the 3rd edition of

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contributors including Luke and Ernie Gygax, sons of the deceased D&D co-creator Gary Gygax, and

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was released that same year, becoming the biggest seller for 1985. TSR published a game based on the

853: 437: 233: 169: 114: 4227:"TSR Games cuts business ties with Ernest G. Gygax, Jr. and second RPG publisher calling itself TSR" 4107: 6455: 6015: 5532: 5385: 4882:

TSR LLC, Plaintiff, v. WIZARDS OF THE COAST LLC; Case 2:21-cv-01705-SKV; Document 51 (C21-1705-SKV)

3402: 2947: 2737: 2608: 2521: 2158: 2059: 1311:, although its world was also connected to the Forgotten Realms. In 1993, a revised version of the 1069: 934: 914:

for no clear financial benefit. The company acquired the trademark and copyrights of the magazine

761: 593:

was hired in the autumn of 1975 as Periodicals Editor, and the company's first full-time employee.

441: 400: 4585: 720:, to 772 West Main Street, with its offices once again located above the hobby shop. In 1979, the 276:

Original logo of Tactical Studies Rules: the entwined initials of founders Gary Gygax and Don Kaye

251:

to expire in the early 2000s. Two other companies have since used the TSR trademark commercially.

6697: 6611: 6534: 6153: 6098: 5768: 4722: 4036: 3280:

Witwer, Michael; Newman, Kyle; Peterson, Jonathan; Witwer, Sam; Manganiello, Joe (October 2018).

2782: 2642: 2507: 2134: 1848: 1742:

After its initial success faded, the company turned to legal defenses of what it regarded as its

1299:

desert world threatened by evil life-draining wizards and psionicists. In 1992, TSR released the

1282: 1089: 1009: 554: 5965: 4470:"We are not abandoning the name, just not working with them or licensing anything. More to come" 1599:, commented that the books were sold at a loss and the "TSR warehouse" was "truckloads" full of 4072: 788:. Games Workshop printed some original material and also printed their own versions of various 6583: 6480: 5975: 5380: 4994: 4977: 4967: 4948: 4929: 4898: 4131: 3916: 3870: 3777: 3425: 3301: 3291: 2823: 2775: 2709: 2673: 2500: 1867: 1405: 1152: 1106: 643: 629:. The company took $ 300,000 in revenues for the fiscal year of 1976. TSR started hosting the 490: 418:

In January 1974, TSR—with Gygax using his basement as a headquarters—produced 1,000 copies of

390: 381:, who collected together $ 2,400 for startup costs, to formally publish and sell the rules of 285: 229: 145: 79: 4718:"Wizards of the Coast Files Lawsuit Against Allegedly 'Racist And Transphobic' Tabletop Game" 6618: 6499: 6423: 5481: 5439: 2857: 2834: 2681: 2110: 1951: 1797: 1296: 1188: 1170: 817: 700: 1192:

campaign setting in 1987, which would go on to become one of the most popular settings for

1045:

In 1984, TSR was able to make licensing agreements that allowed the company to publish the

970:. TSR published a few wargames created by their own in-house designers, and had a hit with 842:

was founded to promote skillful roleplaying and unite players around the country. In 1981,

6639: 6058: 5995: 5263: 3287: 2877: 2768: 2118: 2081: 1588: 1396: 1079: 916: 844: 781: 1571:

sold well at games stores, and TSR produced several expansion sets. However, interest in

1067:, Wisconsin where the game convention would have more badly needed additional space. The 3420:

Lowood, Henry (2016). "War Engines". In Harrigan, Pat; Kirschenbaum, Matthew G. (eds.).

6663: 6249: 5980: 5293: 5167: 4748: 4253:"The company that created Dungeons & Dragons is back with Gygax magazine (updated)" 3769: 3363: 2752: 2592: 2174: 2142: 2067: 1927: 1838: 1629: 1307: 1133: 946: 879: 777: 687: 164: 48: 1425:

The Dille Family Trust, of which Lorraine Williams was a part, held the rights to the

479: 426:, which took only another five or six months to sell out. Also in 1974, TSR published 407:

in December 1973. Blume was admitted to the partnership to fund further publishing of

6691: 6668: 6388: 5474: 5329: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5273: 5253: 3161: 2865: 2848: 2573: 2280: 1975: 1843: 1725: 1211:, complete with a spinner and hand puppets. That same year, TSR released the wargame 1137: 1018: 1014: 890: 370: 62: 4528: 4469: 4439: 4292: 695:, making TSR the first game company to publish a hardbound book. The next year, the 191:). Its earliest incarnation, Tactical Studies Rules, was founded in October 1973 by 6367: 6339: 6005: 5600: 5593: 5344: 5313: 5238: 5213: 5020: 5014: 4417: 4327:"TSR, the Original Maker of Dungeons & Dragons, Has Re-Launched as New Company" 3625: 3548: 3446: 2903: 2898: 2150: 1621: 1580: 1553:

sold well considering the constraints on it, while others indicate it sold poorly.

1292: 903: 769: 453: 386: 204: 3216: 1490:

In 1994, TSR signed an agreement with Sweetpea Entertainment for rights to make a

737:

During this era, there were a number of competitors and unofficial supplements to

4830:"Wizards of the Coast Files Injunction Against TSR's Star Frontiers: New Genesis" 3798: 3190: 2989: 403:, to start generating income for TSR. The partnership was subsequently joined by 181:

was an American game publishing company, best known as the original publisher of

6374: 5722: 5717: 5680: 5653: 5453: 5288: 5278: 5268: 5248: 4359:"TSR Games Distances Itself From Ernie G. Gygax Jr., Owner of Another TSR Games" 4191: 4127: 2852: 2828: 2745: 2545: 2019: 1617: 1559: 1426: 1325: 1255: 1246: 1148: 1003: 963: 911: 803: 550: 404: 349: 208: 141: 3774:

Of Dice and Men: The Story of Dungeons & Dragons and the People Who Play It

6158: 5960: 5623: 5243: 5233: 5208: 4981: 4119: 3305: 2701: 2616: 2264: 2126: 1901: 1892:

TSR's main products were role-playing games, the most successful of which was

1644: 1331: 1175: 1087:, with over 150,000 copies sold. In 1986, TSR began publishing the bi-monthly 573: 546: 374: 341: 192: 137: 53: 5034: 4991:

Empire of the Imagination: Gary Gygax and the Birth of Dungeons & Dragons

1378:

was released, a "diceless" role-playing game that departed from the roots of

1151:, one of his contacts he made in his time in Hollywood, suggested his sister 6555: 6541: 6171: 5990: 5970: 5830: 5710: 5630: 5572: 5511: 3262: 2689: 1919: 1905: 1897: 1750: 1701: 1540: 1438: 1339:

as the "City of Doors" that connected to the various planes of existence in

1269: 1197: 1064: 525:

TSR, Inc., TSR Ventures, TSR International and TSR Entertainment Corporation

248: 5488: 17: 976:, but ten years after the SPI takeover, TSR abandoned the wargame market. 6073: 5820: 5805: 5616: 5525: 5518: 5502: 5495: 5446: 4637:"D&D: TSR Lawsuit Against WotC Voluntarily Dismissed, Vows To Refile" 3862: 3406: 2577: 2553: 1785: 1658: 1305:

setting with a Middle Eastern flavor similar to a fantasy version of the

1301: 1287: 1285:, and was now expanded into an entire setting. In 1991, TSR released the 907: 825: 619: 590: 378: 345: 196: 1433:

2nd Edition rules. TSR's Buck Rogers projects were commercial failures.

271: 6183: 6088: 5985: 5700: 5695: 5646: 5579: 5467: 5364: 5111: 4810: 4544: 4485: 4454: 4307: 3557: 3451: 1508:

role-playing game convention. Gen Con grew beyond its initial focus on

1505: 1358: 630: 433: 4894:"D&D lawsuit: The new TSR declares bankruptcy, pausing court case" 1223:, which became one of the all-time biggest selling wargames. In 1989, 966:, lured by the formation of a subsidiary specifically for them called 675:) for a more complicated product aimed at hardcore fans. In 1977, the 6010: 5563: 4861: 4165: 1754: 1721: 1713:

products for three years. Wizards also set about the creation of the

1141: 780:

to distribute TSR products in the United Kingdom, after meeting with

747: 68: 5021:

Magic & Memories: The Complete History of Dungeons & Dragons

1738:

Dungeons & Dragons controversies § Business disputes at TSR

601:

was the first game product released by TSR Hobbies, followed by two

444:, to which Gygax paid homage in the preface of the first edition of 37: 4693:"TSR's Star Frontiers New Genesis Playtest Contains Racist Content" 4278:"Gygax Magazine: A New Gaming Magazine from TSR Games – Black Gate" 998:. This series was the lead program in its time slot for two years. 883:

role-playing games. TSR established exclusive distribution for the

6176: 6110: 6000: 5705: 5690: 5685: 5349: 4413:"Lake Geneva Dungeons & Dragons museum receives city approval" 2819:

In 1984, TSR started publishing novels based on their games. Most

2378:

Central Command: Superpower Confrontation in the Straits of Hormuz

1526:

at Gen Con, which was an immediate smash hit that established the

1336: 5031:, a history of TSR's corporate governance and Gygax's 1985 ouster 1796:, announced along with the TSR company revival in December 2012. 1530:(CCG) genre. TSR's Jim Ward led a development effort to create a 1042:

settings as well, and be one of TSR's most profitable divisions.

5783: 4161:"Advanced Designers & Dragons #44: The Top 10 Infamous RPGs" 4073:"A Brief History of Game #1: Wizards of the Coast: 1990-Present" 2826:

had their own novel line, the most successful of which were the

1661:

was continued despite Babbage's becoming financially insolvent.

741:

published, arguably in violation of TSR's copyright, which many

6214: 5750: 5411: 5078: 5038: 1250:, was also released in 1989, which allowed characters from one 6093: 5800: 4964:

Slaying the Dragon: A Secret History of Dungeons & Dragons

3867:

30 Years of Adventure: A Celebration of Dungeons & Dragons

3728:"Hasbro Sues to Stop Warner Bros. 'Dungeons and Dragons' Film" 3562: 3456: 1996: 1640:"were both expensive to produce, and neither sold very well". 1357:

in 1994, which detailed one of the kingdoms in the setting of

868: 835: 4586:"TSR Vs Wizard Of The Coast: la battaglia dei Gygax (alcuni)" 1822:

much of TSR Games exists in Wonderfilled Games isn't clear".

1583:. However, the game did not catch on through the book trade. 1013:, as well as a novel series. The novel series was written by 712:

products, saying his co-creation rights extended to the base

745:

players used alongside the TSR books. Among these were the

452:

book without permission from (or payment to) the Burroughs

2360:

Soldiers of the Queen: Battles at Isandhlwana and Omdurman

1575:

was waning. In addition, TSR tried to aggressively market

828:, was introduced in 1980. The espionage role-playing game 460:

was quietly dropped from the catalog and never reprinted.

4806:"Wizards of the Coast Wants to Shut Down TSR for Bigotry" 4387:"Both RPG publishers once known as TSR change their name" 3283:

Dungeons & Dragons Art & Arcana: a visual history

1254:

world to travel to other worlds via space galleons in an

4665:"TSR Drops Wizards of the Coast Lawsuit, Gets Sued Back" 4612:"TSR Crowdfunds Campaign To "Stop" Wizards of the Coast" 1753:

that led to a legend that TSR had trademarked the term "

856:'s license in 1982 and began to directly manufacture an 665:

as a general audience product intended for novices, and

236:(WotC). WotC initially continued using the TSR name for 863:, followed by a toy line. Part of the licensing of the 637:

open tournament was held at the convention that year.

432:, a miniatures rules book set in the fantasy world of 4856:"Hasbro Unit Loses Bid To Stop Game Rival In IP Suit" 3869:. Renton WA: Wizards of the Coast. pp. 55, 216. 2432:

Warsaw Rising: Revolt of the Polish Underground, 1944

2384:

Thunder at Luetzen: Opening Battles for Germany, 1813

1437:

despite initial promise. TSR had an arrangement with

1335:

campaign setting was released, featuring the city of

27:

Former company, publisher of "Dungeons & Dragons"

4745:"Can Trademark Law Stop a Racist Role-Playing Game?" 1884:, which triggered an automatic stay of the lawsuit. 1031:, the first novel in the series, reached the top of 6656: 6513: 6465: 6433: 6320: 6259: 6225: 6139: 6029: 5948: 5922: 5839: 5761: 5663: 5422: 5373: 5322: 5201: 5145: 5089: 4353: 4351: 4349: 4347: 2948:"Dungeon Master: The Life and Legacy of Gary Gygax" 1607:

Final years: Financial trouble and sale (1995–1997)

1534:-themed CCG competitor that would be a response to 572: 560: 540: 529: 521: 513: 505: 497: 486: 355: 335: 324: 316: 308: 300: 292: 281: 163: 151: 131: 120: 110: 102: 94: 86: 75: 60: 44: 4854: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4213: 3917:"Review: Designers & Dragons Vol. 1: The '70s" 3542: 3540: 3538: 2408:The Road to Vicksburg: The Battle of Champion Hill 2216:Remember the Maine! The Spanish-American War, 1898 1896:. However, they also produced other games such as 1273:setting was released, a horror-themed setting for 3595: 3593: 2244:La Grande Armee: Campaigns of Napoleon, 1805-1815 1654:Advanced Dungeons & Dragons CD-ROM Core Rules 1093:magazine, featuring only adventure scenarios for 920:, although it had only ten thousand subscribers. 2223:Barbarossa: Game of the Russo-German War 1941-45 1494:movie. This would eventually result in the 2000 1486:and a 1995 interactive video game series called 199:. Gygax had been unable to find a publisher for 3956: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3549:"Magic & Memories: The Complete History of 2170:(1983, developed by SPI, published as TSR game) 2162:(1983, developed by SPI, published as TSR game) 1728:, the founder and CEO of Wizards of the Coast. 3275: 3273: 2420:Ruweisat Ridge: The First Battle of El Alamein 2396:Cromwell's Victory: The Battle of Marston Moor 1724:. In 2002, the Gen Con convention was sold to 5050: 4192:"A New TSR to Launch Gygax Magazine Saturday" 3056: 3054: 3052: 3027: 3025: 1403:, set in the Forgotten Realms. Starting with 1182:Tabletop and board gaming in the Williams era 928:Another acquisition was the 1982 takeover of 8: 4560:"RPG: The New TSR Saga Ends - No More TSR's" 3580: 3578: 2311:World War II: European Theater of Operations 1960:Bullwinkle and Rocky Role-Playing Party Game 1208:Bullwinkle and Rocky Role-Playing Party Game 838:to visit TSR's offices. That same year, the 617:. Also released in 1975 were the board game 472: 264: 30: 6733:Publishing companies disestablished in 1997 6449:Dungeon Master Option: High-Level Campaigns 4928:. Swindon, Wilts, UK: Mongoose Publishing. 4030: 4028: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3998: 3996: 3971: 3969: 3709: 3707: 3514:"Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part XII, Page 28)" 3422:Zones of Control: Perspectives on Wargaming 3333: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3116: 2902:); and humorous fantasy fiction, including 2324:World War II: Pacific Theater of Operations 2167:A Gleam of Bayonets: The Battle of Antietam 1196:. TSR's settings would generally include a 704:was published, followed by a series of six 393:(RPG). The first TSR release, however, was 369:Tactical Studies Rules (TSR) was formed in 6324: 6222: 6211: 5758: 5747: 5419: 5408: 5086: 5075: 5057: 5043: 5035: 4529:"We have rebranded officially as SOLARIAN" 4503:"TSR Games (2) rebrands to Solarian Games" 4095: 3960: 3941: 3902: 3857: 3855: 3846: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3385: 3383: 3244: 3242: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3083: 3081: 2815:List of Dungeons & Dragons comic books 2497:Buck Rogers – Conquest of the 25th Century 1908:, and published both magazines and books. 1657:product where a preorder arrangement with 1329:, was released in 1994. Also in 1994, the 902:over-extension. Greenfield Needlewomen, a 478: 471: 270: 263: 36: 29: 5017:on the history of TSR, among other things 4185: 4183: 2490:Buck Rogers – Battle for the 25th Century 1749:In 1984, there was an incident involving 1238:, and the first three volumes of the new 6738:Publishing companies established in 1973 4743:Stephen L. Carter (September 17, 2022). 4159:Appelcline, Shannon (February 2, 2021). 3364:"The Ultimate Interview with Gary Gygax" 3318: 3072: 3060: 3043: 3031: 3016: 2988:Sacco, Ciro Alessandro (February 2007). 2983: 2981: 2979: 2924:Lake Geneva Tactical Studies Association 2194:(1983, reboxed version of 1976 SPI game) 2186:(1983, reboxed version of 1985 SPI game) 2178:(1983, reboxed version of 1977 SPI game) 1861:, Wizards of the Coast wrote that TSR's 1415:, published in 1992. It made the top of 691:was released as the initial product for 6718:Design companies disestablished in 1997 4142:MATT FORBECK: ... the last copy of the 3764: 3762: 3760: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2725:(hybrid audiobook/gamebook line) (1995) 2474:The Awful Green Things from Outer Space 2230:Rebel Sabers: Civil War Cavalry Battles 448:. However, Gygax and TSR published the 6743:Role-playing game publishing companies 3584: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3087: 2990:"An Interview with Gary Gygax, Part I" 2970: 2295:A Line in the Sand: The Battle of Iraq 2210:Julius Caesar: Game of the Gallic Wars 1767:Raiders of the Lost Ark Adventure Pack 1757:". TSR published a supplement for the 1465:comics, and canceled an in-production 1025:trilogy of novels was a colossal hit; 6403:Player's Option: Combat & Tactics 4947:. San Diego, Calif.: Unreason Press. 4823: 4821: 4799: 4797: 4771: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4686: 4684: 4658: 4656: 4497: 4495: 4381: 4379: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4059: 4019: 4002: 3987: 3975: 3889: 3842: 3840: 3751: 3713: 3698: 3686: 3674: 3662: 3650: 3494: 3475: 3389: 3349: 3337: 3248: 2426:Pleasant Hill: The Red River Campaign 1504:TSR continued to own and operate the 1001:TSR, Inc. started publication of the 871:. Also that year, TSR introduced the 7: 6723:Design companies established in 1973 6713:Defunct companies based in Wisconsin 6410:Player's Option: Skills & Powers 4584:Sasso, Mabelle (February 13, 2022). 4190:Gilsdorf, Ethan (January 25, 2013). 3797:Braid, Davi Nonato (April 4, 2021). 3191:"TSR Hobbies Mixes Fact and Fantasy" 1779:TSR Games/Solarian Games (2011-2021) 1281:had been introduced in an acclaimed 768:In 1979, TSR signed a contract with 6708:1997 disestablishments in Wisconsin 6417:Player's Option: Spells & Magic 4993:. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. 4853:Lidgett, Adam (December 16, 2022). 4804:Codega, Linda (13 September 2022). 2851:, a standalone re-imagining of the 2838:lines, with dozens of novels each. 2318:Moscow 1941: The Enemy at the Gates 1579:in mass-market book stores through 2868:' "Red Kings of Wynnamyr" novels, 2841:TSR also published the 1995 novel 2052:Marvel Super Heroes Adventure Game 1792:magazine. Their first product was 776:Gygax granted exclusive rights to 260:Tactical Studies Rules (1973–1975) 215:is generally considered the first 25: 6382:Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting 5015:GameSpy interview with Gary Gygax 4251:Bricken, Rob (December 4, 2012). 4035:La Farge, Paul (September 2006). 3915:Meadows, Chris (August 8, 2014). 2844:Buck Rogers: A Life in the Future 2240:(1986, revision of 1973 SPI game) 1314:Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting 1291:campaign setting, which was more 1164:Lorraine Williams era (1985–1997) 633:Game Fair in 1976, and the first 211:in December as an equal partner. 6703:1973 establishments in Wisconsin 4966:. New York: St. Martin's Press. 4049:from the original on 2008-09-20. 3799:"10 Card Games No One Remembers" 3628:. Gamespy. 2004-08-17. p. 1 3547:Rausch, Allen (16 August 2004). 2855:universe and unrelated to TSR's 1597:Designers & Dragons: The 90s 1367:, a campaign setting that mixed 1354:Karameikos: Kingdom of Adventure 1205:game. In 1988, TSR released the 678:Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set 6570:Expedition to the Demonweb Pits 6563:Expedition to the Barrier Peaks 4892:Hall, Charlie (June 13, 2023). 4558:Zambrano, J.R. (July 8, 2021). 4411:Hines, Dennis (July 11, 2021). 3601:"What Happened to Gygax – TSR?" 3447:"Gary Gygax Interview - Part 2" 3290:. pp. 105, 107, 124, 277. 3189:Stewart Alsop II (1982-02-01). 1444:Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 1261:The Complete Fighter's Handbook 668:Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 5028:The Ambush at Sheridan Springs 4635:Zambrano, J. R. (2021-12-13). 3726:Gardner, Eriq (May 14, 2013). 1563:, which was released in 1995. 1230:was released, which saw a new 1147:Gygax searched for financing. 440:in his series of novels about 1: 6598:The Lost Caverns of Tsojcanth 4716:Bahri, Syazwan (2022-09-14). 4691:Chancey, Tyler (2022-07-21). 4663:Chancey, Tyler (2021-12-14). 4610:Chancey, Tyler (2021-12-09). 2946:Kushner, David (2008-03-10). 2811:Dungeons & Dragons novels 2730:They've Invaded Pleasantville 2656:Party Zone: Spy Ring Scenario 2485:(collectible card game, 1995) 1694:After acquisition (1997–2000) 1390:Expansion into other products 930:Simulations Publications Inc. 840:Role Playing Game Association 657:TSR also began to branch the 468:TSR Hobbies, Inc. (1975–1983) 6633:The Temple of Elemental Evil 6131:List of 3rd edition monsters 6126:List of 2nd edition monsters 4924:Appelcline, Shannon (2011). 4776:Hall, Charlie (2022-09-13). 4022:, pp. 215, 220–223, 231 3520:. 2007-01-21. Archived from 3445:Rausch, Allen (2004-08-16). 2973:, +21: The Art of Making Art 2348:American Civil War 1861–1865 1478:, and a horror comic called 1217:based on Tom Clancy's novel 650:Gods, Demi-Gods & Heroes 385:, the creation of Gygax and 203:, a new type of game he and 6591:The Keep on the Borderlands 6577:The Gates of Firestorm Peak 5914:List of alternative classes 4468:@TSRgames (June 27, 2021). 4438:@TSRgames (June 24, 2021). 4291:@TSRgames (June 27, 2021). 3823:"Game news & updates". 3603:. gygax.com. Archived from 3090:, +23: A Makeshift Solution 2999:. Richard Tongue. p. 7 2198:RDF: Rapid Deployment Force 1863:Star Frontiers: New Genesis 1833:Star Frontiers: New Genesis 1805:Top Secret: New World Order 6764: 6626:The Ruins of Undermountain 4828:Dodge, John (2022-09-10). 4527:@TSRgames (July 2, 2021). 3940:"The TSR Purchase: 1997", 2808: 2414:13: The Colonies in Revolt 2304:Published under SPI marque 2095:Published under TSR marque 2012:Empire of the Petal Throne 1944:Buck Rogers Adventure Game 1774:Subsequent trademark usage 1735: 1544:, released in April 1994. 1244:. A new campaign setting, 1158:New Infinities Productions 1028:Dragons of Autumn Twilight 598:Empire of the Petal Throne 217:tabletop role-playing game 6327: 6221: 6210: 5757: 5746: 5418: 5407: 5391:System Reference Document 5085: 5074: 3892:, pp. 71–76, 177–184 3833:. April 1997. p. 76. 3776:. Scribner. p. 174. 3424:. MIT Press. p. 90. 2880:'s five "Gabria" novels ( 2705:(game book series) (1983) 589:sold out in five months. 477: 436:, originally imagined by 373:as a partnership between 269: 106:Acquired and discontinued 35: 6333:Arms and Equipment Guide 4989:Witwer, Michael (2015). 3362:Sacco, Ciro Alessandro. 2257:The Hunt for Red October 2103:Cavaliers and Roundheads 1220:The Hunt for Red October 1214:The Hunt for Red October 1144:'s video game division. 973:The Hunt for Red October 813:magazine for 31 issues. 413:Cavaliers and Roundheads 396:Cavaliers and Roundheads 6529:modules and sourcebooks 5638:Masque of the Red Death 5413:Geography and cosmology 4926:Designers & Dragons 3990:, pp. 204–209, 212 2549:(collectible dice game) 2342:Iwo Jima: Valor of Arms 2191:Napoleon's Last Battles 1968:Conan Role-Playing Game 1295:in genre, and set on a 959:Napoleon's Last Battles 852:TSR Hobbies terminated 807:. TSR UK also produced 755:, and variants such as 6728:Dungeons & Dragons 6442:Wrath of the Immortals 6361:Deities & Demigods 6268:Dungeons & Dragons 6243:Dungeon Master's Guide 6074:Illithid (mind flayer) 6031:Creatures and monsters 5137:Sources and influences 5067:Dungeons & Dragons 4943:Peterson, Jon (2012). 4037:"Destroy All Monsters" 3732:The Hollywood Reporter 3551:Dungeons & Dragons 3207:Dungeons & Dragons 2906:'s "Count Yor" novels 2797:Strategy & Tactics 2333:Strategy & Tactics 2004:Dungeons & Dragons 1984:Dragonlance: Fifth Age 1859:preliminary injunction 1836:(a reboot of the 1982 1717:Dungeons & Dragons 1538:. The result would be 1532:Dungeons & Dragons 1497:Dungeons & Dragons 1474:, a time travel comic 1441:to produce the comics 1375:Dragonlance: Fifth Age 1232:Dungeon Master's Guide 1123:American National Bank 994:Dungeons & Dragons 894:series of game books. 663:Dungeons & Dragons 659:Dungeons & Dragons 623:and the Wild West RPG 578:Greenfield Needlewomen 566:Dungeons & Dragons 534:Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 383:Dungeons & Dragons 361:Dungeons & Dragons 329:Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 265:Tactical Studies Rules 242:Dungeons & Dragons 213:Dungeons & Dragons 184:Dungeons & Dragons 157:Dungeons & Dragons 125:Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 6354:Book of Vile Darkness 6347:Book of Exalted Deeds 5752:Characters and beings 5360:Strategic Simulations 4108:Complang.tuwien.ac.at 4042:The Believer Magazine 3701:, pp. 69–70, 108 3267:Retrieved 2024-02-22. 3261:Gygax Memorial Fund. 2997:OD&Dities issue 9 2894:City of the Sorcerers 2695:collectible card game 1830:reported on a leaked 1744:intellectual property 1528:collectible card game 1283:1983 adventure module 726:Dungeon Masters Guide 389:and the first modern 247:WotC allowed the TSR 6647:White Plume Mountain 6605:Queen of the Spiders 6549:Desert of Desolation 6396:Manual of the Planes 5540:Magic: The Gathering 5335:Wizards of the Coast 4945:Playing at the World 3831:Wizards of the Coast 3653:, pp. 61, 65–70 3251:, pp. 19–22, 99 3213:Wizards of the Coast 3158:Wizards of the Coast 3154:"The History of TSR" 2890:Lightning's Daughter 2585:Escape From New York 2055:(Saga System) (1998) 1987:(Saga System) (1996) 1882:Chapter 7 bankruptcy 1873:common law trademark 1523:Magic: The Gathering 1518:Wizards of the Coast 1241:Monstrous Compendium 854:Grenadier Miniatures 816:The first-published 762:Tunnels & Trolls 438:Edgar Rice Burroughs 234:Wizards of the Coast 170:Wizards of the Coast 115:Wizards of the Coast 6456:Epic Level Handbook 6099:Reptilian humanoids 6016:Strahd von Zarovich 5665:Planes of existence 5533:Kingdoms of Kalamar 5386:Game System License 4962:Riggs, Ben (2022). 4280:. 25 November 2012. 4124:40 Years of Gen Con 2908:Captains Outrageous 2609:The Great Khan Game 2596:(1980) (board game) 2588:(1981) (board game) 2159:Battle Over Britain 2060:Metamorphosis Alpha 2044:Marvel Super Heroes 1808:role-playing game. 1788:, former editor of 1119:Oriental Adventures 1070:Oriental Adventures 1048:Marvel Super Heroes 941:A Gleam of Bayonets 935:Battle Over Britain 474: 442:John Carter of Mars 266: 32: 6535:Against the Giants 6260:Classic boxed sets 6154:Corellon Larethian 6141:Deities and powers 5949:Notable characters 5762:Races and lineages 5097:Adventurers League 4723:IGN Southeast Asia 4641:Bell of Lost Souls 4564:Bell of Lost Souls 4062:, pp. 263–278 4005:, pp. 196–202 3978:, pp. 272–275 3754:, pp. 211–214 3716:, pp. 103–123 3677:, pp. 208–209 3665:, pp. 185–191 3587:, pp. 171–197 3407:"Why Did SPI Die?" 3340:, pp. 164–170 3263:"24 - Hotel Clair" 3063:, pp. 522–523 2713:(boardgame) (1977) 2668:Remember the Alamo 2664:(board game, 1987) 2643:Knights of Camelot 2626:(board game, 1986) 2620:(game book series) 2541:(board game, 1993) 2493:(board game, 1988) 2477:(board game, 1979) 2390:Superpowers at War 2135:Fight in the Skies 1912:Role-playing games 1849:IGN Southeast Asia 1520:released the game 1418:The New York Times 1140:, or to work with 1101:Management turmoil 1090:Dungeon Adventures 1034:The New York Times 1010:Dragons of Despair 661:product into two: 6748:Wargame companies 6685: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6584:The Isle of Dread 6509: 6508: 6466:Psionics Handbook 6236:Player's Handbook 6206: 6205: 6202: 6201: 5976:Volothamp Geddarm 5742: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5424:Campaign settings 5403: 5402: 5399: 5398: 5381:Open Game License 5000:978-1-63286-279-2 4935:978-1-907702-58-7 4137:978-1-58978-097-2 3901:"TSR: 1973–1997" 3783:978-1-4516-4052-6 3403:Simonsen, Redmond 2824:campaign settings 2677:(microgame, 1980) 2674:Revolt on Antares 2624:Honeymooners Game 2501:play-by-mail game 2288:Battle of Britain 1812:TSR Games (2021-) 1732:Business disputes 1715:third edition of 1406:The Crystal Shard 1236:Player's Handbook 1186:TSR released the 1153:Lorraine Williams 1107:market saturation 1083:daytime drama on 867:toy line went to 826:World of Greyhawk 753:Manual of Aurenia 732:D&D Basic Set 706:adventure modules 681:was released for 644:Eldritch Wizardry 582: 581: 491:Role-playing game 473:TSR Hobbies, Inc. 391:role-playing game 367: 366: 320:TSR Hobbies, Inc. 286:Role-playing game 230:Lorraine Williams 176: 175: 146:Lorraine Williams 80:Role-playing game 16:(Redirected from 6755: 6619:Red Hand of Doom 6434:High-level rules 6424:Unearthed Arcana 6325: 6311:Rules Cyclopedia 6223: 6212: 5759: 5748: 5482:Forgotten Realms 5440:Council of Wyrms 5420: 5409: 5340:Grenadier Models 5127:Related products 5087: 5076: 5059: 5052: 5045: 5036: 5004: 4985: 4958: 4939: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4889: 4883: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4858: 4850: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4840: 4825: 4816: 4815: 4801: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4788: 4773: 4760: 4759: 4757: 4755: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4731: 4730: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4688: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4660: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4647: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4607: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4597: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4555: 4549: 4548: 4542: 4540: 4524: 4518: 4517: 4515: 4514: 4499: 4490: 4489: 4483: 4481: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4435: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4425: 4408: 4402: 4401: 4399: 4398: 4383: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4370: 4355: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4338: 4323: 4312: 4311: 4305: 4304: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4274: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4223: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4187: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4156: 4150: 4149: 4116: 4110: 4105: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4032: 4023: 4017: 4006: 4000: 3991: 3985: 3979: 3973: 3964: 3958: 3945: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3912: 3906: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3859: 3850: 3844: 3835: 3834: 3820: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3766: 3755: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3723: 3717: 3711: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3689:, pp. 83–90 3684: 3678: 3672: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3648: 3637: 3636: 3634: 3633: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3613: 3612: 3597: 3588: 3582: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3544: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3529: 3510: 3504: 3498: 3497:, pp. 56–61 3492: 3479: 3478:, pp. 48–52 3473: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3463: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3399: 3393: 3392:, pp. 45–48 3387: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3374: 3359: 3353: 3352:, pp. 36–37 3347: 3341: 3335: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3309: 3277: 3268: 3266: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3237: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3215:. Archived from 3201: 3195: 3194: 3186: 3173: 3172: 3170: 3169: 3160:. Archived from 3150: 3091: 3085: 3076: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3047: 3041: 3035: 3029: 3020: 3019:, pp. 78–79 3014: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3004: 2994: 2985: 2974: 2968: 2962: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2943: 2870:Sorcerer's Stone 2858:Buck Rogers XXVC 2835:Forgotten Realms 2372:Trail of the Fox 2273:Red Storm Rising 2204:The Twilight War 1999:tutorial) (1993) 1995:(board game and 1952:Buck Rogers XXVc 1463:Forgotten Realms 1450:Forgotten Realms 1420:Best Seller list 1297:post-apocalyptic 1189:Forgotten Realms 1171:John D. Rateliff 1131: 1115:Unearthed Arcana 1036:Best Seller list 888:among these the 818:campaign setting 701:Players Handbook 482: 475: 458:Warriors of Mars 429:Warriors of Mars 274: 267: 40: 33: 21: 6763: 6762: 6758: 6757: 6756: 6754: 6753: 6752: 6688: 6687: 6686: 6673: 6664:D&D Insider 6652: 6640:Tomb of Horrors 6516: 6505: 6461: 6429: 6316: 6255: 6217: 6198: 6135: 6059:Gelatinous cube 6025: 5996:Raistlin Majere 5966:Drizzt Do'Urden 5944: 5923:Character lists 5918: 5835: 5753: 5734: 5672:Material Plane 5659: 5414: 5395: 5369: 5318: 5264:Robert J. Kuntz 5197: 5141: 5117:Popular culture 5081: 5070: 5063: 5011: 5009:Further reading 5001: 4988: 4974: 4961: 4955: 4942: 4936: 4923: 4920: 4915: 4914: 4904: 4902: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4881: 4877: 4867: 4865: 4852: 4851: 4847: 4838: 4836: 4827: 4826: 4819: 4803: 4802: 4795: 4786: 4784: 4775: 4774: 4763: 4753: 4751: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4728: 4726: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4701: 4699: 4690: 4689: 4682: 4673: 4671: 4662: 4661: 4654: 4645: 4643: 4634: 4633: 4629: 4620: 4618: 4609: 4608: 4604: 4595: 4593: 4583: 4582: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4538: 4536: 4526: 4525: 4521: 4512: 4510: 4501: 4500: 4493: 4479: 4477: 4467: 4466: 4462: 4449: 4447: 4437: 4436: 4432: 4423: 4421: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4396: 4394: 4385: 4384: 4377: 4368: 4366: 4357: 4356: 4345: 4336: 4334: 4333:. June 24, 2021 4325: 4324: 4315: 4302: 4300: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4276: 4275: 4271: 4261: 4259: 4250: 4249: 4245: 4236: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4211: 4201: 4199: 4189: 4188: 4181: 4171: 4169: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4138: 4130:. p. 139. 4122:(August 2007). 4118: 4117: 4113: 4106: 4102: 4096:Appelcline 2011 4094: 4090: 4081: 4079: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4058: 4054: 4034: 4033: 4026: 4018: 4009: 4001: 3994: 3986: 3982: 3974: 3967: 3961:Appelcline 2011 3959: 3948: 3942:Appelcline 2011 3939: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3903:Appelcline 2011 3900: 3896: 3888: 3884: 3877: 3861: 3860: 3853: 3847:Appelcline 2011 3845: 3838: 3829:. No. 16. 3822: 3821: 3817: 3807: 3805: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3784: 3770:Ewalt, David M. 3768: 3767: 3758: 3750: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3712: 3705: 3697: 3693: 3685: 3681: 3673: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3649: 3640: 3631: 3629: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3610: 3608: 3599: 3598: 3591: 3583: 3576: 3567: 3565: 3546: 3545: 3536: 3527: 3525: 3512: 3509:US$ 1.5 million 3508: 3505: 3501: 3493: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3461: 3459: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3432: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3388: 3381: 3372: 3370: 3368:thekyngdoms.com 3361: 3360: 3356: 3348: 3344: 3336: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3298: 3288:Ten Speed Press 3279: 3278: 3271: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3247: 3240: 3235: 3231: 3222: 3220: 3203: 3202: 3198: 3188: 3187: 3176: 3167: 3165: 3152: 3151: 3094: 3086: 3079: 3071: 3067: 3059: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3023: 3015: 3011: 3002: 3000: 2992: 2987: 2986: 2977: 2969: 2965: 2956: 2954: 2945: 2944: 2937: 2932: 2920: 2878:Mary H. Herbert 2817: 2807: 2802: 2769:Amazing Stories 2763: 2758: 2723:Terror T.R.A.X. 2561:Dungeon Fantasy 2459:All My Children 2454: 2449: 2337: 2306: 2301: 2183:Blue & Gray 2119:Classic Warfare 2097: 2092: 2087: 2082:Top Secret/S.I. 1914: 1890: 1814: 1781: 1776: 1740: 1734: 1696: 1609: 1589:R. A. Salvatore 1488:Terror T.R.A.X. 1397:R. A. Salvatore 1392: 1184: 1166: 1130:US$ 1.5 million 1129: 1103: 1080:All My Children 982: 980:TSR (1983–1985) 953:Blue & Gray 926: 917:Amazing Stories 861:miniatures line 782:Ian Livingstone 748:Arduin Grimoire 543: 536:, United States 470: 338: 331:, United States 277: 262: 257: 134: 127:, United States 65: 52: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6761: 6759: 6751: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6690: 6689: 6683: 6682: 6679: 6678: 6675: 6674: 6672: 6671: 6669:D&D Beyond 6666: 6660: 6658: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6650: 6643: 6636: 6629: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6601: 6594: 6587: 6580: 6573: 6566: 6559: 6552: 6545: 6538: 6531: 6521: 6519: 6511: 6510: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6486: 6478: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6452: 6445: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6427: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6385: 6378: 6371: 6364: 6357: 6350: 6343: 6336: 6328: 6322: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6314: 6307: 6300: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6272: 6263: 6261: 6257: 6256: 6254: 6253: 6250:Monster Manual 6246: 6239: 6231: 6229: 6227:Core rulebooks 6219: 6218: 6215: 6208: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6180: 6179: 6174: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6145: 6143: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6107: 6106: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6035: 6033: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5981:Gord the Rogue 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5952: 5950: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5926: 5924: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5845: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5787: 5786: 5776: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5755: 5754: 5751: 5744: 5743: 5740: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5730: 5720: 5715: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5669: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5650: 5643: 5642: 5641: 5627: 5620: 5613: 5606: 5605: 5604: 5597: 5590: 5576: 5569: 5568: 5567: 5560: 5553: 5536: 5529: 5522: 5515: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5499: 5492: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5457: 5450: 5443: 5436: 5428: 5426: 5416: 5415: 5412: 5405: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5377: 5375: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5294:Jonathan Tweet 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5259:Harold Johnson 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5173:Game mechanics 5170: 5168:Dungeon Master 5165: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5093: 5091: 5083: 5082: 5079: 5072: 5071: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5054: 5047: 5039: 5033: 5032: 5024: 5018: 5010: 5007: 5006: 5005: 4999: 4986: 4972: 4959: 4954:978-0615642048 4953: 4940: 4934: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4912: 4884: 4875: 4845: 4817: 4793: 4761: 4735: 4708: 4680: 4652: 4627: 4602: 4590:Tom's Hardware 4576: 4550: 4519: 4491: 4460: 4430: 4403: 4375: 4365:. 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Ewalt 1608: 1605: 1422:within weeks. 1391: 1388: 1308:Arabian Nights 1183: 1180: 1165: 1162: 1134:Pacesetter Ltd 1102: 1099: 981: 978: 925: 922: 880:Star Frontiers 778:Games Workshop 688:Monster Manual 580: 579: 576: 570: 569: 562: 558: 557: 544: 541: 538: 537: 531: 527: 526: 523: 519: 518: 515: 511: 510: 507: 503: 502: 499: 495: 494: 488: 484: 483: 469: 466: 401:miniature game 365: 364: 357: 353: 352: 339: 336: 333: 332: 326: 322: 321: 318: 314: 313: 310: 306: 305: 302: 298: 297: 294: 290: 289: 283: 279: 278: 275: 261: 258: 256: 253: 174: 173: 167: 161: 160: 153: 149: 148: 135: 132: 129: 128: 122: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 88: 84: 83: 77: 73: 72: 66: 61: 58: 57: 46: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6760: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6655: 6649: 6648: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6637: 6635: 6634: 6630: 6628: 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5315: 5312: 5310: 5309:Skip Williams 5307: 5305: 5304:Margaret Weis 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5284:Chris Perkins 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5274:Frank Mentzer 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5254:Tracy Hickman 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5224:Richard Baker 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5200: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5102:Controversies 5100: 5098: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5060: 5055: 5053: 5048: 5046: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5022: 5019: 5016: 5013: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4973:9781250278043 4969: 4965: 4960: 4956: 4950: 4946: 4941: 4937: 4931: 4927: 4922: 4921: 4917: 4901: 4900: 4895: 4888: 4885: 4879: 4876: 4864: 4863: 4857: 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3386: 3384: 3380: 3369: 3365: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3321:, p. 555 3320: 3319:Peterson 2012 3315: 3312: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3297:9780399580949 3293: 3289: 3285: 3284: 3276: 3274: 3270: 3264: 3257: 3254: 3250: 3245: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3230: 3219:on 2008-10-02 3218: 3214: 3210: 3208: 3200: 3197: 3192: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3164:on 2000-08-18 3163: 3159: 3155: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3082: 3078: 3075:, p. 535 3074: 3073:Peterson 2012 3069: 3066: 3062: 3061:Peterson 2012 3057: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3044:Peterson 2012 3040: 3037: 3034:, p. 496 3033: 3032:Peterson 2012 3028: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3017:Peterson 2012 3013: 3010: 2998: 2991: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2967: 2964: 2953: 2949: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2929: 2925: 2922: 2921: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2912:Yor's Revenge 2909: 2905: 2901: 2900: 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Dean James 2862: 2860: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2849:Martin Caidin 2846: 2845: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2831: 2830: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2812: 2804: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2785: 2784: 2780: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2754: 2750: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2711: 2707: 2704: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2684: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2644: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2606: 2603: 2602: 2601:4th Dimension 2598: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2575: 2574:Endless Quest 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2538:Dragon Strike 2535: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2491: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2476: 2475: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2451: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2438:Target: Libya 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2402:Monty's D-Day 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2334: 2331:Published in 2330: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2308: 2307: 2303: 2297: 2296: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2281:Europe Aflame 2278: 2275: 2274: 2270: 2267: 2266: 2262: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2188: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2172: 2169: 2168: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2116: 2113: 2112: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2077: 2073: 2070: 2069: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2036:Indiana Jones 2033: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2017: 2014: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2001: 1998: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1986: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1976:Crimefighters 1973: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1954: 1953: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1917: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1845: 1844:Nazi eugenics 1841: 1840: 1835: 1834: 1829: 1823: 1820: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1806: 1801: 1800: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1778: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1760:Indiana Jones 1756: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1739: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1726:Peter Adkison 1723: 1719: 1718: 1712: 1706: 1704: 1703: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1687:James M. Ward 1683: 1679: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1561: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1445: 1440: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1414: 1413: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1401:Drizzt series 1398: 1389: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1376: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1309: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1271: 1267:In 1990, the 1265: 1263: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1227: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1190: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1172: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1154: 1150: 1145: 1143: 1139: 1138:Mayfair Games 1135: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1113:novel sales, 1112: 1108: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1082: 1081: 1076: 1073:hardback for 1072: 1071: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1056: 1055: 1054:Indiana Jones 1050: 1049: 1043: 1041: 1037: 1035: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1020: 1019:Tracy Hickman 1016: 1015:Margaret Weis 1012: 1011: 1006: 1005: 999: 997: 995: 990: 985: 979: 977: 975: 974: 969: 968:Victory Games 965: 961: 960: 955: 954: 949: 948: 943: 942: 937: 936: 931: 923: 921: 919: 918: 913: 909: 905: 899: 895: 893: 892: 891:Endless Quest 886: 882: 881: 876: 875: 870: 866: 862: 860: 855: 850: 847: 846: 841: 837: 833: 832: 827: 823: 819: 814: 812: 811: 806: 805: 800: 795: 791: 787: 786:Steve Jackson 783: 779: 774: 771: 766: 764: 763: 758: 754: 750: 749: 744: 740: 735: 733: 728: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 702: 698: 694: 690: 689: 684: 680: 679: 674: 670: 669: 664: 660: 655: 652: 651: 646: 645: 640: 636: 632: 628: 627: 622: 621: 616: 615: 610: 609: 605:supplements, 604: 600: 599: 594: 592: 588: 577: 575: 571: 568: 567: 563: 559: 556: 552: 548: 545: 539: 535: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 489: 485: 481: 476: 467: 465: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 430: 425: 421: 416: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 397: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 363: 362: 358: 354: 351: 347: 343: 340: 334: 330: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 284: 280: 273: 268: 259: 254: 252: 250: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 225: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 185: 180: 171: 168: 166: 162: 159: 158: 154: 150: 147: 143: 139: 136: 130: 126: 123: 119: 116: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 78: 74: 70: 67: 64: 59: 55: 50: 47: 43: 39: 34: 19: 6657:Online tools 6645: 6638: 6631: 6624: 6617: 6610: 6603: 6596: 6589: 6582: 6575: 6568: 6561: 6554: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6526: 6498: 6492: 6488: 6481: 6473: 6454: 6447: 6440: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6401: 6394: 6387: 6380: 6373: 6368:Draconomicon 6366: 6359: 6352: 6345: 6340:Battlesystem 6338: 6331: 6310: 6303: 6296: 6289: 6282: 6275: 6267: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6216:Publications 6164: 6006:Mordenkainen 5723:Outer Planes 5718:Inner Planes 5652: 5645: 5636: 5629: 5622: 5615: 5610:Nentir Vale 5608: 5601:Hollow World 5599: 5594:Savage Coast 5592: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5562: 5555: 5548: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5501: 5494: 5487: 5480: 5473: 5466: 5461:Dragon Fist 5459: 5452: 5445: 5438: 5431: 5345:Judges Guild 5314:Steve Winter 5239:Ed Greenwood 5214:Dave Arneson 5132:Retro-clones 5065: 5027: 4990: 4963: 4944: 4925: 4918:Bibliography 4903:. Retrieved 4897: 4887: 4878: 4868:December 20, 4866:. Retrieved 4860: 4848: 4837:. Retrieved 4833: 4809: 4785:. Retrieved 4781: 4754:December 20, 4752:. Retrieved 4738: 4727:. Retrieved 4721: 4711: 4700:. Retrieved 4696: 4672:. Retrieved 4668: 4644:. Retrieved 4640: 4630: 4619:. Retrieved 4615: 4605: 4594:. Retrieved 4592:(in Italian) 4589: 4579: 4567:. Retrieved 4563: 4553: 4543:– via 4537:. Retrieved 4522: 4511:. Retrieved 4509:. 2021-07-04 4506: 4484:– via 4478:. Retrieved 4463: 4453:– via 4448:. Retrieved 4433: 4422:. Retrieved 4418:Kenosha News 4416: 4406: 4395:. Retrieved 4393:. 2021-07-22 4390: 4367:. Retrieved 4362: 4335:. Retrieved 4330: 4306:– via 4301:. Retrieved 4286: 4272: 4260:. Retrieved 4256: 4246: 4235:. Retrieved 4233:. 2021-06-29 4230: 4200:. Retrieved 4198:. Condé Nast 4195: 4170:. Retrieved 4164: 4154: 4143: 4141: 4123: 4114: 4103: 4091: 4080:. Retrieved 4076: 4067: 4055: 4040: 3983: 3963:, p. 30 3936: 3924:. 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Young 2899:Winged Magic 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2873: 2869: 2863: 2856: 2842: 2840: 2833: 2827: 2820: 2818: 2795: 2788: 2781: 2774: 2767: 2751: 2744: 2736: 2728: 2722: 2719:(board game) 2716: 2708: 2700: 2688: 2680: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2658:(party game) 2655: 2652:(board game) 2650:Maxi Bour$ e 2649: 2646:(board game) 2641: 2638:(board game) 2635: 2629: 2623: 2615: 2607: 2604:(board game) 2599: 2591: 2583: 2572: 2569:(board game) 2566: 2560: 2552: 2544: 2536: 2533:(board game) 2528: 2525:(board game) 2522:Divine Right 2520: 2517:(board game) 2514: 2511:(board game) 2506: 2496: 2488: 2480: 2472: 2466:Attack Force 2464: 2461:(board game) 2458: 2443: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2332: 2323: 2317: 2309: 2293: 2287: 2279: 2271: 2263: 2255: 2249: 2243: 2235: 2229: 2221: 2215: 2209: 2203: 2197: 2189: 2181: 2173: 2165: 2157: 2151:Star Empires 2149: 2141: 2133: 2125: 2117: 2109: 2101: 2080: 2074: 2066: 2058: 2050: 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350:Brian Blume 209:Brian Blume 172:(1997-2000) 142:Brian Blume 71:: TSRI 56:(1997-2000) 51:(1973-1997) 18:TSR Hobbies 6692:Categories 6270:(original) 6159:Eilistraee 5961:Catti-brie 5769:Dragonborn 5624:Planescape 5557:Strixhaven 5433:Birthright 5355:Ral Partha 5244:Jeff Grubb 5234:Monte Cook 5229:David Cook 5209:Gary Gygax 5188:Miniatures 5183:Magic item 5153:Adventures 4982:1263340364 4839:2022-09-14 4787:2022-09-14 4729:2022-09-14 4702:2022-09-14 4697:TechRaptor 4674:2022-09-14 4669:TechRaptor 4646:2022-09-14 4621:2022-09-14 4616:TechRaptor 4596:2022-09-14 4513:2021-07-06 4450:2021-06-27 4424:2021-07-11 4397:2021-09-09 4369:2021-07-06 4337:2021-06-27 4303:2021-06-28 4237:2021-06-30 4082:2018-01-22 4060:Riggs 2022 4020:Riggs 2022 4003:Riggs 2022 3988:Riggs 2022 3976:Riggs 2022 3890:Riggs 2022 3752:Riggs 2022 3714:Riggs 2022 3699:Riggs 2022 3687:Riggs 2022 3675:Riggs 2022 3663:Riggs 2022 3651:Riggs 2022 3632:2006-07-04 3611:2006-07-04 3568:2008-12-20 3553:- Part II" 3528:2009-03-15 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5107:Editions 4905:June 13, 4480:June 28, 4047:Archived 3865:(2004). 3772:(2013). 3518:EN World 2918:See also 2882:Valorian 2876:(1992); 2630:Icebergs 2554:Dungeon! 2090:Wargames 1888:Products 1786:Tim Kask 1613:AD&D 1476:Warhawks 1472:Intruder 1459:AD&D 1455:AD&D 1431:AD&D 1384:AD&D 1341:AD&D 1302:Al-Qadim 1288:Dark Sun 1275:AD&D 1226:AD&D 1203:AD&D 1075:AD&D 924:Wargames 908:nepotism 865:AD&D 859:AD&D 822:AD&D 794:AD&D 722:AD&D 710:AD&D 697:AD&D 693:AD&D 673:AD&D 620:Dungeon! 608:Greyhawk 591:Tim Kask 561:Products 517:Split up 487:Industry 379:Don Kaye 356:Products 346:Don Kaye 282:Industry 197:Don Kaye 152:Products 76:Industry 6527:Eberron 6517:modules 6515:Notable 6489:D&D 6482:D&D 6184:Moradin 6167:deities 6149:Bahamut 6104:Kobolds 6089:Owlbear 6069:Goblins 6054:Dragons 6044:Centaur 6021:Wulfgar 5986:Iggwilv 5904:Warlock 5884:Paladin 5874:Fighter 5841:Classes 5701:Mystara 5696:Eberron 5647:Rokugan 5580:Mystara 5550:Ravnica 5468:Eberron 5365:WizKids 5112:Gen Con 5090:General 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