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30, there were eighteen S/360-67 sites attempting to run TSS. During the conference, IBM announced via "blue letter" that TSS/360 was being decommitted – a great blow to the time-sharing community. This decision was temporarily reversed, and TSS/360 was not officially canceled until
901:
characters or commas. Command lines can be continued by typing a hyphen ("-") at the end of the line to be continued and typing the continuation at the beginning of the next line. Multiple commands can be written on a line by separating them with semicolons (";"). Comments are allowed in command
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address of the new save area in register 13. A caller that follows Type I linkage conventions loads a V-constant for the routine into
General Register 15 (GR15) and copies an R-constant for the routine's PSECT into the 19th word of the save area pointed to be GR13 prior to calling that routines.
982:
in every process. A program that follows Type I linkage conventions is generally responsible at entry for saving its registers in the save area pointed to by register 13, retrieving the address of its PSECT from word 19 of the save area, chaining the save area to a new save area and putting the
1213:
TSS/8 was designed at
Carnegie-Mellon University with graduate student Adrian van de Goor, in reaction to the cost, performance, reliability, and complexity of IBM's TSS/360 (for their Model 67). Although the TSS/360 was not marketed, it eventually worked and contributed some ideas and trained
800:, but despite its many advances and novel capabilities, TSS failed to meet expectations and was eventually canceled. The Resident Supervisor of TSS/370 was used as the basis for a port of UNIX to the IBM mainframe. TSS/360 also inspired the development of the
792:. Made available on a trial basis to a limited set of customers in 1967, it was never officially released as a supported product by IBM. TSS pioneered a number of novel features, some of which later appeared in more popular systems such as
897:. The command name is one to eight characters without imbedded blanks. The operands are optional depending on the command, and must be separated from the command name by at least one blank. Multiple operands should be separated by
986:
When the dynamic loader loads a program, it makes a copy of the PSECT and relocates the adcons to reflect the virtual addresses assigned within the current process, therefore each user of the program has a unique copy of the PSECT.
748:
877:) were given full access to the entire source of the operating system code and development tools. User-developed improvements and patches were frequently incorporated into the official source code.
1214:
thousands for IBM. At
Carnegie-Mellon (CMU), a TSS/8 operated until 1974 when the special swapping disk expired. The cost per user or per job tended to be about 1/20 of the TSS/360 system CMU ran.
1847:
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TSS/360 included an early implementation of a "Table Driven
Scheduler" – a user-configured table whose columns were parameters such as current priority,
902:
lines, separated from the command with a semicolon and included in single quotes ("'"). Operands can be either positional or keyword, with the format "keyword=value".
450:
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1068:, although those issues were eventually addressed. IBM attempted to develop TSS on a very aggressive schedule with a large staff of programmers to compete with
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Each procedure may have a read-only public CSECT, a writable private
Prototype Section (PSECT) and a writable save area, typically located in the PSECT.
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1084:(TSO), a time-sharing monitor for OS/360. Several other groups developed less ambitious, more successful time sharing systems for the S/360-67, notably
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816:. A pair of Model 67 mainframes shared a common physical memory space, and ran a single copy of the kernel (and application) code. An
1072:. By 1967, it had become evident that TSS/360 was suffering from the same kinds of delays as OS/360. In February 1968, at the time of
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of external procedures and entry points must be located in the PSECT, since the dynamic loader will not place a routine at the same
79:
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Felton, W. A.; Miller, G. L.; Milner, J. M. (October 1984). "The UNIX System : A UNIX System
Implementation for System/370".
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1971. However, TSS/360 continued to be quietly available for a time to existing TSS/360 customers, as an interim measure.
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The
Dynamic Loader does not load program pages or resolve address constants until the first page fault.
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1233:. The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Software Engineering and Programming (1 ed.). San Francisco, USA:
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run a single copy of an executable possibly mapped to a different virtual addresses in each process.
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in the other. The Model 67 used a standard 360 instruction called Test and Set to implement
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used to date. The kernel would refer to this table when calculating the new priority of a
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as a migration path for existing TSS/360 customers, which went through multiple releases.
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TSS/360 suffered from performance and reliability problems and lack of compatibility with
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As was standard with operating system software at the time, TSS/360 customers (such as
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IBM System/360 Model 67 Time
Sharing System Preliminary Technical Summary (C20-1647-0)
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IBM System/360 Model 67-2. This is the computer model on which TSS/360 would have run
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IBM Time
Sharing System Assembler Programmer's Guide (GC28-2032-6)
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After TSS/360 was canceled, IBM put its primary efforts into the
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C. Gordon Bell; J. Craig Mudge; John E. McNamara (12 May 2014).
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TSS/360 was one of the first implementations of tightly coupled
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Time
Sharing System Command System User's Guide (GC28-2001-9)
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Computer Engineering: A DEC View of Hardware Systems Design
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operation launched by one processor could end and cause an
1451:, contains PDFs for a large number of TSS manuals from IBM
1432:
Describes the "second system syndrome" that affected TSS.
1386:
Pugh, Emerson; Lyle R. Johnson; John H. Palmer (1991).
1092:, an early virtual machine monitor which evolved into
918:
Program management – LOAD, DUMP, DISPLAY, TRAP, etc.
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1410:Describes the origin and schedule problems of TSS.
1387:
1309:IBM System/360 Time Sharing System Dynamic Loader
268:7040/7044 Operating System (16/32K) (7040-PR-150)
862:. This later appeared in systems as diverse as
784:designed exclusively for a special model of the
1315:(Fourth ed.). September 1971. GY28-2031-3.
927:User profile – SYNONYM, DEFAULT, PROFILE, etc.
1841:
1470:
1445:, includes TSS/370 source and binary archives
915:Data management – CATALOG, DDEF, DELETE, etc.
742:
8:
1229:(2000) . "Chapter 8: Loading and overlays".
1162:AT&T Bell Laboratories Technical Journal
912:Task management – LOGON, LOGOFF, ABEND, etc.
95:
1032:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
27:1960s timesharing system for IBM mainframes
1848:
1834:
1826:
1477:
1463:
1455:
1126:History of IBM mainframe operating systems
930:Program product language interface – ASM (
749:
735:
219:History of IBM mainframe operating systems
214:
94:
1052:Learn how and when to remove this message
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
963:TSS provided an early implementation of
43:This article includes a list of general
1449:TSS/360 manual archive at BitSavers.org
1152:
217:
2129:Computer-related introductions in 1967
1904:Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS)
7:
1394:. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. pp.
1030:adding citations to reliable sources
875:General Motors Research Laboratories
921:Command creation – PROCDEF, BUILTIN
908:are divided into seven categories:
1174:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1984.tb00063.x
893:. The command format consists of
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1201:. Elsevier Science. p. 180.
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2081:
1812:
1811:
1112:. IBM also provided the TSS/370
1002:
967:, the ability to have different
101:
34:
2109:IBM mainframe operating systems
1919:Cray Time Sharing System (CTSS)
1390:IBM's 360 and Early 370 Systems
1280:IBM Corporation (August 1976).
2119:Discontinued operating systems
2114:Time-sharing operating systems
1443:Public domain software archive
1420:. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley.
1326:IBM Corporation (April 1976).
1:
1871:Time-sharing system evolution
1414:Brooks, Frederick P. (1995).
1141:Timeline of operating systems
1131:Time-sharing system evolution
284:Miscellaneous S/360 line OSes
227:Early mainframe computer OSes
1136:History of operating systems
470:(OS/VS2R2 and later) (1974)
1889:Berkeley Timesharing System
1090:Cambridge Scientific Center
889:. Users interact with the
798:System/370 and 303x systems
145:; 57 years ago
2150:
2134:Assembly language software
271:1410/7010 Operating System
2077:
1879:
1866:
1809:
965:position-independent code
959:Position-independent code
845:position-independent code
814:symmetric multiprocessing
100:
1726:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1667:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1516:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1354:IBM Corporation (1966).
948:PL/I Optimizing Compiler
788:line of mainframes, the
777:is a discontinued early
1884:BBN Time-Sharing System
64:more precise citations.
1563:DOS/360 and successors
1417:The Mythical Man-Month
1102:University of Michigan
887:command-line interface
796:. TSS was migrated to
766:
355:DOS/360 and successors
233:GM OS & GM-NAA I/O
193:Command-line interface
1575:OS/360 and successors
885:TSS provides users a
808:Novel characteristics
764:
418:OS/360 and successors
1026:improve this section
854:size, and number of
835:It also implemented
773:Time Sharing System
714:UNIX System Services
694:UNIX System Services
1231:Linkers and Loaders
1110:Stanford University
1082:Time Sharing Option
174:System/360 Model 67
97:
1335:. pp. 132–147
804:operating system.
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1486:Operating systems
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1208:978-1-4832-2110-6
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830:critical sections
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1984:ORVYL and WYLBUR
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1363:. pp. 47–50
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1168:(8): 1751–1767.
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1569:
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1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
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1535:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1498:Supercomputer
1495:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1427:0-201-83595-9
1423:
1419:
1418:
1412:
1407:
1405:0-262-16123-0
1401:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1359:
1358:
1350:
1347:
1331:
1330:
1322:
1319:
1311:
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1303:
1300:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1244:1-55860-496-0
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
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1200:
1199:
1191:
1188:
1183:
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1123:
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1103:
1099:
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1075:
1071:
1067:
1056:
1053:
1045:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1011:This section
1009:
1005:
1000:
999:
993:
991:
988:
984:
981:
977:
972:
970:
966:
958:
953:
949:
945:
941:
940:Assembler (H)
937:
933:
932:Assembler (F)
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:
909:
907:
903:
900:
892:
888:
880:
878:
876:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
807:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
780:
776:
772:
763:
752:
747:
745:
740:
738:
733:
732:
730:
729:
721:
718:
715:
711:
708:
704:
701:
698:
695:
691:
688:
684:
681:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
658:
655:
651:
646:
645:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
621:
615:
614:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
532:
529:
524:
523:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
471:
469:
466:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
452:
449:
445:
442:
439:
436:
435:
433:
430:
427:
424:
423:
419:
414:
413:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
380:VSE/AF (1979)
379:
378:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
360:
356:
351:
350:
336:
333:
332:
330:
327:
326:
324:
321:
320:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
287:
281:
280:
273:(1410-PR-155)
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:
224:
223:
220:
216:
209:
204:TSS/360: free
203:
201:
197:
194:
191:
189:
183:
179:
175:
172:
168:
165:
162:
160:
156:
142:
138:
135:
132:
128:
124:
122:Working state
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
104:
99:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2033:
1857:Time-sharing
1801:Fedora Linux
1770:Workplace OS
1627:System/88 OS
1552:
1416:
1389:
1367:December 25,
1365:. Retrieved
1356:
1349:
1339:December 25,
1337:. Retrieved
1328:
1321:
1308:
1302:
1290:. Retrieved
1282:
1275:
1230:
1221:
1212:
1197:
1190:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1079:
1063:
1048:
1039:
1024:Please help
1012:
989:
985:
973:
962:
952:FORTRAN (H))
905:
904:
898:
895:Command_Name
890:
884:
872:
849:
834:
811:
779:time-sharing
774:
768:
570:VM/SE (SEPP)
464:(SVS) (1972)
388:(1983, 1985)
319:RACS (1965)
301:
159:Available in
130:Source model
125:Discontinued
76:
67:
48:
1681:workstation
1398:–265, 596.
946:), PLIOPT (
852:working set
720:OpenSolaris
687:OpenEdition
680:OpenEdition
208:Proprietary
70:August 2010
62:introducing
2103:Categories
1899:CDC Kronos
1147:References
856:timeslices
786:System/360
444:OS/VS1 BPE
178:System/370
45:references
1530:mainframe
1088:at IBM's
1042:July 2020
1013:does not
994:Criticism
969:processes
950:), FTNH (
822:interrupt
654:Unix-like
206:TSS/370:
170:Platforms
111:Developer
2088:Category
1959:MUSIC/SP
1817:Category
1780:Trillian
1775:Monterey
1765:Taligent
1758:Projects
1689:Textpack
1268:Errata:
1253:42413382
1120:See also
944:PL/I (F)
942:), PLI (
938:, HASM (
866:and IBM
828:on code
790:Model 67
678:MVS/ESA
618:TPF line
593:VM/XA SP
587:VM/XA SF
581:VM/XA MA
480:MVS/SE 2
462:OS/VS2R1
335:MUSIC/SP
263:MIT CTSS
2029:TOPS-20
2024:TOPS-10
1979:OpenVMS
1954:Multics
1794:Related
1749:4690 OS
1744:4680 OS
1677:Desktop
1607:VM line
1553:TSS/360
1548:TOS/360
1543:BOS/360
1182:7425099
1100:at the
1070:Multics
1034:removed
1019:sources
775:TSS/360
692:OS/390
685:VM/ESA
673:AIX/ESA
667:AIX/370
528:VM line
498:MVS/ESA
453:(1967)
434:(1968)
392:VSE/ESA
377:(1979)
375:DOS/VSE
363:DOS/360
331:(1972)
325:(1966)
302:TSS/360
296:TOS/360
290:BOS/360
200:License
186:Default
164:English
148: (
58:improve
18:TSS/360
2086:
2064:VPS/VM
2059:VP/CSS
2004:RSTS/E
1989:OS4000
1974:NOS/VE
1914:CP/CMS
1694:PC DOS
1642:zLinux
1595:OS/390
1580:OS/VS1
1526:Server
1424:
1402:
1292:May 2,
1265:Code:
1259:
1251:
1241:
1205:
1180:
1104:, and
1094:VM/370
1066:OS/360
954:, etc.
860:thread
843:using
722:(2008)
716:(2001)
709:(2000)
702:(1999)
696:(1996)
689:(1995)
682:(1993)
675:(1991)
669:(1990)
663:(1981)
638:(2005)
632:(1979)
626:(1967)
607:(2000)
601:(1990)
599:VM/ESA
595:(1988)
589:(1985)
583:(1984)
577:(1980)
561:(1972)
559:VM/370
555:(1968)
553:VP/CSS
549:(1967)
540:(1967)
512:(2000)
506:(1995)
504:OS/390
500:(1988)
494:(1983)
492:MVS/XA
486:MVS/SP
482:(1979)
476:(1978)
474:MVS/SE
440:(1972)
438:OS/VS1
432:MFT II
428:(1966)
420:(1966)
406:(2021)
400:(2005)
394:(1991)
386:VSE/SP
371:(1972)
369:DOS/VS
365:(1965)
357:(1966)
337:(1985)
316:(1967)
310:(1967)
304:(1967)
298:(1965)
292:(1965)
265:(1961)
259:(1960)
253:(1959)
247:(1958)
241:(1957)
235:(1955)
47:, but
2069:WAITS
2039:TSS/8
2009:TENEX
1964:NLTSS
1944:MCTSS
1706:PC/IX
1699:DOS/V
1662:SRTOS
1632:IBM i
1538:IBSYS
1361:(PDF)
1333:(PDF)
1313:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
1178:S2CID
1106:ORVYL
1086:CP-67
1074:SHARE
936:COBOL
826:locks
802:TSS/8
712:z/OS
705:z/VM
700:Linux
636:z/TPF
575:VM/SP
544:CP-67
535:CP-40
398:z/VSE
329:MUSIC
314:ORVYL
257:IBSYS
239:BESYS
2044:Unix
2019:TSOS
1994:Pick
1939:LTSS
1929:EMAS
1924:DTSS
1716:OS/2
1652:DPPX
1647:DPCX
1600:z/OS
1422:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1369:2021
1341:2021
1294:2015
1257:ISBN
1249:OCLC
1239:ISBN
1203:ISBN
1114:PRPQ
1017:any
1015:cite
868:z/OS
839:and
769:The
652:and
650:UNIX
605:z/VM
547:/CMS
538:/CMS
510:z/OS
457:65MP
245:UMES
150:1967
143:1967
2049:UTS
2034:TSS
2014:TSO
1999:RAX
1969:NOS
1949:MTS
1934:ITS
1909:COS
1785:K42
1721:AOS
1711:AIX
1657:SSP
1637:AIX
1622:CPF
1617:TPF
1612:ACP
1590:MVS
1585:SVS
1568:VSE
1558:RAX
1511:CNK
1506:INK
1490:IBM
1488:by
1396:362
1170:doi
1108:at
1098:MTS
1028:by
934:),
899:TAB
818:I/O
794:MVS
771:IBM
661:UTS
630:TPF
624:ACP
468:MVS
451:MVT
426:MFT
404:VSE
323:RAX
308:MTS
251:SOS
116:IBM
96:TSS
2105::
2054:VM
1679:,
1528:,
1255:.
1247:.
1237:.
1211:.
1176:.
1166:63
1164:.
1096:,
870:.
847:.
832:.
176:,
1849:e
1842:t
1835:v
1478:e
1471:t
1464:v
1430:.
1408:.
1371:.
1343:.
1296:.
1263:.
1184:.
1172::
1055:)
1049:(
1044:)
1040:(
1036:.
1022:.
750:e
743:t
736:v
152:)
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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