183:, customs, beliefs, symbolism and traditions. Proverbs and puzzles derived from the epic are often a part of everyday conversation in many areas of the Middle East. Some of the prominent characters of the epic include Abu zed al-Hilaliy, El Zenaty Kalepha and Zayab Ibn Ganem and there are several places in the Middle East that have been named for heroes mentioned in the epic. The Al-Sirah Al Hilaliyyah exalts courage and heroism and has in it themes of honour and revenge and of war and romance. It places events from a recalled and orally transferred history in their social and historical contexts and is a record of customs and practices and the food, clothing and lifestyles of these communities across time.
222:, here simply "Abu Zayd", is given an epic-styled birth: his mother, barren for eleven years, prays at a magic spring and invokes a black bird in hopes that the might become pregnant, saying "Give me a boy like this bird, / Black like this bird". Her request is taken literally and so her son is born with black skin, and because of that he and his mother are cast out by his people. "In Arab epic a sure sign of service status", but since he is noble is a born warrior and outcast simultaneously. His fate is to unite all the Bedouin tribes so they can conquer the Maghreb; before he can do that he must overcome two enemies: Khatfa, a Jewish leader, and Handal, an evil Muslim king.
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The Hilali performers come from specific families for whom these performances were once used to be their sole source of income. The performers often begin their apprenticeships at the age of five and their training goes on for at least ten years. During the course of this demanding apprenticeship the
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empire in the 11th century. Early sources describe how the
Fatimid Caliph sent the Banu Hilal to central North Africa lands to punish the Zirids for rebelling. Some Western historians dismiss these political motivations and doubt whether the migrations were politically motivated at all, instead to
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Today there are very few folk poets who know Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliya in its entirety and given the socio economic changes in Egypt and the onslaught of globalisation, the Hilali epic is faced with the prospect of extinction. Documentation, classification and archiving of the epic and its artistic
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and it blends ancient and modern music with songs and dances of the present tribes of Egypt. The Hilali thus has a considerable influence in shaping these communities’ vision, their acceptance or rejection of ideas and innovations and it helps integrate changes associated with development,
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poets perfect their memory, singing and instrument playing skills and learn the art of extemporaneous commentary to render traditional plots relevant to their contemporary audiences. Traditionally, the Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah has been performed at social and private events such as weddings,
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116:. The epic is folkloric and oral, not having been committed to writing until relatively recent times, and doesn't have a well-defined date of creation. Of the dozen odd major oral epic poems that developed within the Arab folk tradition between the
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is today the only one that is still performed in its integral musical form. The longest notable version contains 1,000,000 lines, the poet could sing this version about 100 hours. The epic, once widespread throughout the
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The epic, performed since the 14th century, has been sung in verses by master poets who provide their own musical accompaniment on a percussion instrument. It is a unique literary and musical form that reflects in it
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422:, another oral epic on the Intangible Cultural Heritage List, both as an oral history and in the source material of the exploits of the Beni Hilal tribe that both these epics derive from.
112:. It is built around historical events that took place in the 11th century. The Banu Hilal were dominant in central North Africa for over a century before their annihilation by the
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in North Africa and the spread of Islam across the Sahara effecting the cultural heritage of countries as far south as Sahel states such as Mali and Niger.
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Bencheikh, Omar; Galley, Micheline (2003). "À propos d'un manuscrit de la geste hilalienne conservé à la
Bibliothèque Vaticane".
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is expected to brighten its prospects of survival. The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah bears resemblance to the
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Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliya is a living tradition that symbolises the oral traditions of communities of
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The Hilali performances have musical accompaniments mostly of wooden instruments. These include
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Heroic Poets, Poetic Heroes: The
Ethnography of Performance in an Arabic Oral Epic Tradition
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The epic was narrated by storytellers in cafés well into the 20th century, much like the
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and private gatherings and the performances often last between 50 and 100 hours.
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633:"Traditional Egyptian storytellers heritage and its instruments and tools"
565:. In Beissinger, Margaret; Tylus, Jane; Wofford, Susanne Lindgren (eds.).
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500:"Traditional Egyptian storytellers' heritage - Call for partnership"
27:
Arabic epic recounting the Banu Hilal's journey from Najd to
Maghreb
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Epic
Traditions in the Contemporary World: The Poetics of Community
194:, this region's countryside became mainly Arabic speaking, and not
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Representative List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
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named after Abu Zeid. Another character featured in the epic is
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Masterpieces of the Oral and
Intangible Heritage of Humanity
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seeking to emphasize sociological and climatic motivations.
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Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella
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Egyptian engraving Dhiab bin Ghanim against Zanati
Khalifa
73:'Chronicle of the al-Hilalis'), also known as the
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was inspired by these historic events. The Hilali leader
563:"The Epic Arab Poet as Outcast, Trickster, and Con Man"
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and handed down from generation to generation often in
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The epic has come to represent a foundational myth for
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List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
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654:. Nuova serie (in French). Anno 22 (83): 307–333.
679:. Ithaca & London: Cornell University Press.
39:(right) chopping off the head of Hegazi ibn Rafe'
569:. University of California Press. p. 55.
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88:that recounts the tale of the journey of the
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410:nuances are underway and its listing on the
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309:to document the variants of the epic.
258:Women who feature in the epic include
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604:10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001
1790:La Mare de Déu de la Salut Festival
757:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage
518:Kamil, Jill (9–15 September 2004).
51:
1682:Baltic song and dance celebrations
675:Reynolds, Dwight Fletcher (1995).
401:modernisation in these societies.
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2068:Violins craftsmanship of Cremona
1755:Dancing procession of Echternach
1453:Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals
1246:Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut
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846:Sega tambour of Rodrigues Island
721:Sirat Bani Hilal Digital Archive
2277:South Pacific Colombian marimba
2078:Wooden toys of Hrvatsko Zagorje
596:Dictionary of African Biography
526:. Issue No. 707. Archived from
270:The Sira was initially carried
81:) or the al-Hilali epic, is an
1992:Petrykivka decorative painting
1804:French timber framing scribing
841:Ritual dance of the royal drum
133:. In 2008 it was inscribed on
1:
2347:Hilalian invasion of Ifriqiya
2247:Popayán Holy Week processions
1740:Copper craftsmanship of Lahij
474:"Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic"
460:"Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah epic"
159:has a basis in history, when
151:Hilalian invasion of Ifriqiya
129:, is today performed only in
2129:Carnaval de Negros y Blancos
1997:Procession of the Holy Blood
1036:Baul tradition of Bangladesh
2134:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão
598:, Oxford University Press,
388:Cultural relevance in Egypt
229:, the hero of the tribe of
62:
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2337:Medieval Arabic literature
2204:Indigenous Day of the Dead
759:: Representative List
561:Slyomovics, Susan (1999).
372:(an open ended flute) and
190:-speaking tribes settling
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1911:Moldovan Christmas Carols
1873:Lithuanian cross crafting
1795:Festivity of Saint Blaise
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1563:Tugging rituals and games
1311:Ladkah Buddhist chantings
1171:Gangneung Danoje Festival
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660:10.1163/22138617-08302004
247:is the main theme of the
2114:Carnaval de Barranquilla
2007:Sauna culture in Finland
1813:Georgian vocal polyphony
1493:Royal ballet of Cambodia
880:Zambian Makishi Festival
856:Ugandan barkcloth making
2272:San Basilio de Palenque
1286:Koshikijima no Toshidon
1111:Chinese shadow puppetry
875:Zafimaniry woodcrafting
327:circumcision ceremonies
2169:Danza de los Voladores
2164:Dancing Devils of Yare
1786:Falles of the Pyrenees
1644:Albanian iso-polyphony
1558:Thathera utensil craft
1503:Royal Ancestral Ritual
1106:Chinese seal engraving
1091:Chinese block printing
918:Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah
432:Arabic Epic Literature
374:percussion instruments
320:The Hilali performance
291:Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi
233:. The war between the
211:
120:and the 19th century,
44:Al-Sirah al-Hilaliyyah
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2159:Costa Rican oxherding
2043:The Song of the Sibyl
1946:Mystery Play of Elche
1761:Daredevils of Sassoun
1146:Durga Puja in Kolkata
1101:Chinese paper cutting
861:Vimbuza healing dance
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149:Further information:
145:Historical background
35:
2048:Suiti Cultural Space
1649:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan
1538:Songkran in Thailand
1443:Oku-noto no Aenokoto
1136:Dragon Boat Festival
1086:Chinese architecture
961:Taghribat Bani Hilal
706:10.7591/j.ctt207g77s
520:"The tale of a tale"
225:Abu Zayd's rival is
163:broke away from the
157:Taghribat Bani Hilal
63:as-Sīra al-Hilāliyya
18:Taghribat Bani Hilal
1838:Karagöz and Hacivat
1745:Croatian lacemaking
1341:Manipuri Sankirtana
1096:Chinese calligraphy
816:Kamablon re-roofing
405:Threats to survival
1930:Mediterranean diet
1711:Carnival of Binche
1666:Azerbaijani carpet
1346:Mangal Shobhajatra
1151:Epic of King Gesar
1004:Akiu no Taue Odori
946:Palestinian hikaye
686:10.1353/book.58459
334:string instruments
297:, travelling from
220:Abu Zayd al-Hilali
212:
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37:Abu Zayd al-Hilali
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2209:Kallawaya culture
2139:Carnaval de Oruro
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2012:Semeiskie culture
1661:Aubusson tapestry
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1361:Mibu no Hana Taue
1221:Hitachi Furyumono
1126:Dainichido Bugaku
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836:Mbende Jerusarema
613:978-0-19-538207-5
227:Khalifa al-Zanati
181:Arab folk history
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16:(Redirected from
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2287:Taquile textiles
2184:Garifuna culture
2174:Danza de tijeras
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2032:Slovácko Verbuňk
1907:Makishi Festival
1823:Houtem Jaarmarkt
1701:Cante Alentejano
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1331:Longquan celadon
1216:Hayachine Kagura
1141:Drametse Ngacham
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476:. Archived from
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344:) and smsmiyya (
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439:
434:
427:
424:
406:
403:
389:
386:
321:
318:
267:
264:
203:
200:
146:
143:
98:Najd in Arabia
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2359:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2267:Samba de Roda
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:Latin America
2101:Caribbean and
2099:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1858:Kihnu culture
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:Istrian scale
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
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1791:
1788:
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1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
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1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
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1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
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1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1633:North America
1629:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
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1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
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1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
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1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1508:Sada Shin Noh
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
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1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1231:Hudhud Chants
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1131:Darangen Epic
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Beijing opera
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1026:Bakhshi music
1024:
1021:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
991:
988:
987:
984:
981:
977:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
941:Jemaa el-Fnaa
939:
937:
934:
932:
928:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
907:
904:
900:
895:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
781:Chopi timbila
779:
777:
774:
773:
770:
767:
763:
758:
751:
746:
744:
739:
737:
732:
731:
728:
722:
719:
718:
714:
707:
702:
698:
696:9781501723223
692:
687:
682:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
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643:
634:
628:
625:
615:
609:
605:
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586:
583:
578:
576:9780520210387
572:
568:
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557:
554:
549:
544:|volume=
537:
529:
525:
521:
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512:
510:
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501:
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492:
479:
475:
469:
466:
461:
455:
453:
449:
442:
438:
435:
433:
430:
429:
425:
423:
421:
417:
413:
404:
402:
399:
395:
387:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
319:
317:
315:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
265:
263:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
243:
239:
236:
232:
228:
223:
221:
217:
208:
201:
199:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
176:
174:
173:Arab identity
169:
166:
162:
158:
155:The event of
152:
144:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:tribe of the
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
70:
64:
58:
49:
45:
38:
34:
30:
19:
2262:Rabinal Achí
2219:Moore Town's
2027:Sinjska alka
2022:Silbo Gomero
1952:Nestinarstvo
1944:
1935:Mesir Macunu
1759:
1613:Yūki-tsumugi
1598:Yeondeunghoe
1518:Sand drawing
1448:Pencak silat
1271:Katta Ashula
1186:Gong culture
801:Gule Wamkulu
676:
651:
627:
617:, retrieved
595:
585:
566:
556:
536:cite journal
528:the original
523:
494:
482:. Retrieved
478:the original
468:
408:
391:
376:such as the
352:such as the
340:(the Arabic
336:such as the
331:
323:
311:
294:
284:
269:
266:Transmission
257:
248:
224:
213:
185:
177:
170:
156:
154:
121:
78:
74:
43:
42:
29:
2257:Quyllurit'i
1967:Azerbaijani
1957:Nijemo Kolo
1888:Lefkaritika
1878:Kvevri wine
1603:Yeongsanjae
1513:Saman dance
1498:Regong arts
1431:Uzbekistani
1371:Mosie ramie
1366:Morin khuur
1351:Mazu belief
1306:Koodiyattam
1211:Hansan Mosi
1201:Guqin music
1121:Daimokutate
1081:Chhau dance
994:Moxibustion
990:Acupuncture
936:Iraqi maqam
925:culture at
902:Arab States
398:Lower Egypt
316:biography.
127:Middle East
118:Middle Ages
83:Arabic epic
2331:Categories
2252:Pütchipü'ü
2227:Panama hat
2053:Sutartinės
2017:Seto leelo
1631:Europe and
1588:Xuan paper
1568:Urtiin Duu
1533:Shiraz rug
1321:Lenj boats
1291:Kumbh Mela
1266:Kashan rug
1191:Grand Song
1116:Daemokjang
1076:Cheoyongmu
1071:Chakkirako
999:Ainu dance
951:Shashmaqam
851:Sosso Bala
619:2021-02-03
443:References
420:Mauritania
382:tambourine
354:salamiyyah
238:Banu Hilal
94:Banu Hilal
2297:Vallenato
2232:Parachico
2199:Huaconada
2194:Harakmbut
2083:Za križen
1863:Kırkpınar
1843:Kelaghayi
1691:Busójárás
1548:Taekkyeon
1523:Sbek Toch
1438:Nuad Thai
1296:Kumiodori
821:Kankurang
776:Aka music
462:. UNESCO.
437:T'heyddin
416:T'heydinn
278:form via
86:oral poem
57:romanized
2124:Candombe
2088:Zvončari
2036:Turkish
1902:Kraljice
1883:La Patum
1853:Khachkar
1800:Flamenco
1782:Falconry
1696:Călușari
1593:Yamahoko
1406:Nhã nhạc
1376:Mudiyett
1336:Mak yong
1316:Lakalaka
1261:Kalbelia
1014:Angklung
931:Wadi Rum
668:25817880
426:See also
380:and the
358:zummarah
287:Egyptian
255:(شحتة).
240:and the
114:Almohads
2242:Pirekua
2144:Ceviche
2058:Táncház
1982:Olonkho
1977:Ojkanje
1971:Turkish
1893:Licitar
1721:Chovgan
1716:Castell
1686:Bećarac
1671:weaving
1553:Ta'zīye
1543:Ssireum
1483:Ramlila
1473:Quan họ
1468:Pungmul
1458:Pansori
1401:Naqqāli
1356:Meshrep
1281:Khoomei
1251:Jultagi
1241:Jamdani
1206:Haenyeo
1176:Gimjang
1056:Bunraku
1046:Bokator
1020:Arirang
913:Ahellil
592:"Suʾda"
484:25 July
346:tampura
314:Baibars
307:Tunisia
192:Tunisia
165:Fatimid
106:Algeria
102:Tunisia
90:Bedouin
71:
59::
2307:Yaokwa
2154:Cocolo
2038:Sohbet
1962:Nowruz
1940:Mugham
1925:Meddah
1915:Maloya
1898:Ljelje
1848:Keşkek
1808:Fujara
1618:Yunjin
1578:Wayang
1488:Ramman
1463:Pinisi
1426:Afghan
1421:Nowruz
1396:Nanyin
1386:Naadam
1256:Kabuki
1226:Hua'er
1156:Gagaku
1066:Ca trù
866:Yaaral
796:Gẹlẹdẹ
765:Africa
703:
693:
666:
610:
573:
366:arghul
362:mizmar
342:fiddle
338:rababa
272:orally
253:Shehta
245:Zenata
242:Berber
231:Zenata
196:Berber
188:Arabic
135:UNESCO
48:Arabic
2282:Tango
2179:Frevo
1920:Manas
1868:Klapa
1772:Duduk
1767:Doina
1750:Daina
1654:Ashik
1478:Radif
1381:Muqam
1326:Lhamo
1301:Kunqu
1196:Guqin
1161:Gagok
1031:Batik
927:Petra
870:Degal
701:JSTOR
664:JSTOR
394:Upper
378:tabla
303:Libya
299:Egypt
280:bards
260:Su'da
161:Zirid
131:Egypt
110:Egypt
96:from
2002:Sama
1777:Fado
1733:and
1608:Yoga
1416:Nora
1276:Khon
1009:Akyn
992:and
929:and
923:Bedu
868:and
691:ISBN
608:ISBN
571:ISBN
548:help
486:2012
396:and
368:and
295:Sira
285:The
276:poem
249:Sira
235:Arab
216:epic
214:The
202:Epic
108:via
104:and
69:lit.
1833:Jem
1411:Noh
806:Ifá
681:doi
656:doi
600:doi
418:of
370:nay
348:),
305:to
301:to
137:'s
100:to
2333::
699:.
689:.
662:.
606:,
594:,
540::
538:}}
534:{{
522:.
508:^
451:^
384:.
364:,
360:,
356:,
198:.
141:.
66:,
54:,
50::
1900:/
1022:"
1018:"
749:e
742:t
735:v
709:.
683::
670:.
658::
635:.
602::
579:.
550:)
502:.
488:.
46:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
