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and subsequent Kushan kings. The second construction period, which included the creation of the Stupa Court and assembly hall, occurred during the 3rd and 4th centuries CE. A third construction period, associated with the later Kushan dynasty and the Kidara
Kushana rulers, occurred during the 4th
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Province. A small fortified city, dating from the same era, sits nearby. The ruins also sit near a modern village known by the same name. It is located around 150 metres (500 ft) atop the small hill and around 2 km (1.2 mi) from the village bazar. The surrounding area is known for
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Another etymology suggests that the name Takht-i-Bahi was possibly given to this monastery complex after the
Muslims settled in the region. The word "Bahi" (بهی) or "Behhi" is neither Pashto nor Persian, and in one sense in Arabic, "Bahi" means beautiful and bright. In another sense, "Bahi" (بهی)
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slaughtered the inhabitants of the
Gandhara region and destroyed most, if not all, Buddhist monasteries. Evidence suggests that Takht-i-Bahi was damaged in the same period of destruction by the Huns. However, the complex appears to have been in use until the 7th century CE.
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The first modern historical reference to these ruins was made in 1836 by a French officer who referred to the
Buddhist remains in a village named Mazdoorabad. Explorations and excavations on the site began in 1864. A significant number of objects can be found in the
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The monastery was founded in the 1st century CE, and was in use until the 7th century. The complex is regarded by archaeologists as being particularly representative of the architecture of
Buddhist monastic centers from its era. Takht-i-Bahi was listed as a
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Additional structures on the site may have served as residences or meeting halls or for secular purposes. All of the buildings on the site are constructed from local stone and are mortared with lime and mud.
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means "بهی البیت بهیاً: the house which is empty and abandoned"; therefore, the "Takht-i-Bahi" (Takht = castle, palace) means a castle where in there no longer is settled a king and has remained abandoned.
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means 'spring' or 'water'. When put together, their meaning is 'spring from the top' or 'high spring', referencing two springs on the top of mountains. Another suggested meaning is 'throne of origin'.
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cultivating sugar cane, wheat, maize, vegetable,. Once remote and little visited, the site now has a road and car park below the ruins and has become popular with visitors.
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The origin of the name Takht-i-Bahi is uncertain. According to a local belief, the site got its name from two wells on the hill or the springs nearby. In
Persian,
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word meaning "Sir Bahlol," a prominent political and religious leader of the area. However, the village of Sehri-Bahlol is older than the name is.
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monastic complex, which consists of small, dark cells with low openings, which may have been used for certain forms of
Tantric meditation.
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and Mashal Khan Kalai are other historical places in the vicinity of Takht-i-Bahi. The most historical location in the era is
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The monastic chambers consist of individual cells arranged around a courtyard, assembly halls, and a dining area.
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A famous stair-riser from Takht-i-Bahi, now in the
British Museum, shows devotees in Hellenistic costume.
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Various people have explained the word "Sehri-Bahlol" in different ways. Local people claim that it is a
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Map of
Gandhara archeological sites, from the Huntington Collection, Ohio State University (1.4 MB JPEG)
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Archaeologists divided the history of the complex into four periods, beginning in the 1st century BCE.
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king. This first era continued until the 2nd century CE and is associated with another Kushan king
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Kalani, Reza. 2022. Indo-Parthians and the Rise of
Sasanians, Tahouri Publishers, Tehran, pp37,38
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326:. The site is considered among the most important relics of Buddhism in all of what was once
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A temple complex consisting of stupas similar to the Stupa Court but of later construction.
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The Buddha on lion throne. Takht-i-Bahi. Schist, H. 525 mm (20.7 in).
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707:"Buddhist Ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and Neighbouring City Remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol"
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Buddhist Ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and Neighbouring City Remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol
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The monastic complex was likely founded in the early 1st century
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Buddhist Ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and Neighbouring City Remains at
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Archaeological site of an ancient Buddhist monastery in Pakistan
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The ruins are located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from
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in the middle of the fifth century CE, which ended the
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CE). After Gondophares, the area fell under control of
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List of cultural heritage sites in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
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There are four main areas of the Takht Bahi complex:
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390:Location of Takht-i-Bahi, at the center of the
782:"Takht-i-Bhai: A Buddhist monastery in Mardan"
642:. The monastery is situated on Malakand Road.
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303:'throne of the water spring'), is an
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840:Short Guide To Takht-i-bahi by Shakur, M.a.
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46:A view of the site's main cluster of ruins
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903:—Includes a map of the complex
901:UNESCO Periodic Report Summary
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1383:Aramaic Inscription of Taxila
874:Yi, Joy Lidu (January 2020).
780:Khaliq, Fazal (1 June 2015).
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711:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
897:—UNESCO World Heritage List
664:List of museums in Pakistan
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676:—Another historic site in
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101:Takht-i-Bahi (Gandhara)
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150:34.28611°N 71.94667°E
73:Shown within Pakistan
1860:Buddhism in Pakistan
1746:Mansehra Rock Edicts
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659:Buddhism in Pakistan
104:Show map of Gandhara
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477:and 5th centuries.
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336:World Heritage Site
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1403:Buddhas of Bamiyan
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250:Reference no.
155:34.28611; 71.94667
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1771:Takht-i-Bahi
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1756:Rehman Dheri
1606:Takht-i-Bahi
1605:
1542:Takht-i-Bahi
1541:
1452:
1348:Sphola Stupa
1343:Khair Khaneh
1252:Kunala Stupa
1242:Mohra Muradu
1227:Dharmarajika
1189:Pushkalavati
1169:Saidu Sharif
1079:Takht-i-Bahi
1078:
1012:Hindu Shahis
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869:
858:. Retrieved
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851:"Collection"
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789:. Retrieved
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735:Takht-i-Bahi
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714:. Retrieved
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640:Sehri Bahlol
634:, Pirsaddi,
624:Sehri-Bahlol
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280:Takht-i-Bahi
279:
278:
264:Asia-Pacific
1822:Other sites
1761:Seri Bahlol
1710:Bala Hissar
1695:Jamrud Fort
1629:Rohtas Fort
1615:Lahore Fort
1537:Seri Bahlol
1532:Jamal Garhi
1525:Monasteries
1443:Wardak Vase
1423:Kabul hoard
1358:Tepe Narenj
1353:Tapa Sardar
1338:Fondukistan
1301:Tapa Shotor
1288:Afghanistan
1204:Sikri stupa
1144:Shingardara
1114:Jamal Garhi
1062:Archaeology
1007:Turk Shahis
1002:Alchon Huns
454:Gondophares
153: /
129:Coordinates
1844:Categories
1829:Ali Masjid
1731:Baho Dheri
1726:Aziz Dheri
1277:Bhir Mound
1199:Hashtnagar
1149:Ali Masjid
1139:Aziz Dheri
1094:Aziz Dheri
1089:Baho Dheri
860:2021-09-09
791:8 November
716:2021-09-09
684:References
616:Lund Khwar
586:Shakyamuni
494:Mihirakula
235:Designated
169:Settlement
141:71°56′48″E
138:34°17′10″N
124:, Pakistan
18:Takht Bahi
1776:Mian Khan
1705:Kafir Kot
1547:Mian Khan
1376:Artifacts
1333:Mes Aynak
1184:Charsadda
1159:Ahin Posh
1119:Yusufzai
620:Sher Garh
588:, 150–200
399:Structure
346:Etymology
312:monastery
293:تختِ باہی
187:Abandoned
34:تختِ باہی
1318:Shotorak
1286:Eastern
1272:Mankiala
1262:Badalpur
1070:Peshawar
943:Gandhara
786:DAWN.COM
653:See also
490:Toramana
474:Parthian
470:Kanishka
392:Gandhara
376:Pakistan
366:Location
328:Gandhara
324:Pakistan
309:Buddhist
227:Criteria
222:Cultural
114:Location
1785:Museums
1766:Sirsukh
1751:Ranigat
1741:Jaulian
1328:Bimaran
1323:Paitava
1267:Bhallar
1247:Jandial
1237:Kalawan
1232:Jaulian
1194:Ranigat
1179:Barikot
1174:Chakpat
1134:Bhamala
1026:Culture
950:History
674:Ranigat
628:Hathian
547:Pañcika
441:History
430:Tantric
301:
242:session
179:Founded
174:History
1634:Taxila
1518:Mardan
1222:Sirkap
1214:Taxila
1154:Sphola
647:Hindko
636:Takkar
632:Jalala
590:
551:Hariti
527:Buddha
486:Kushan
466:Kushan
458:
456:(20–46
417:stupas
372:Mardan
340:UNESCO
316:Mardan
284:Pashto
260:Region
118:Mardan
1683:Forts
1296:Hadda
1072:basin
678:Buner
612:Ghafe
394:area.
352:Takht
240:(4th
238:1980
1617:and
1608:and
1164:Swat
793:2015
592:CE,
549:and
482:Huns
428:The
356:bahi
299:lit.
288:Urdu
219:Type
166:Type
378:'s
374:in
314:in
254:140
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20:)
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