834:
428:
420:
68:
833:
453:
grew too large, and the emperor ordered that the descendants of previous emperors from several generations ago would no longer be princes but would instead be given noble surnames and ranks. The decision became applicable during the reign of
609:
The other major branch of Kanmu Heishi was founded by
Takamune-ō (804–867), the eldest son of Prince Imperial Kazurahara and grandson of Emperor Kanmu, who received the title of Taira no
481:
also received the surname. The specific hereditary lines of these emperors are referred to by the posthumous name of the emperor followed by Heishi, for example
1179:
1136:
1109:
1077:
1047:
1015:
977:
947:
1204:
427:
1275:
450:
106:
839:
31:
575:(Genpei no Sōran, 1180–1185). The last leader of the Kanmu Heishi bloodline, was eventually destroyed by
846:
defending themselves in their boat during a storm created by the ghosts of conquered Taira warriors (by
819:
653:
407:
239:
79:
529:
513:
419:
693:
669:
580:
576:
291:
1126:
1270:
294:, during which Antoku would perish. Following the war, the victorious Minamoto established Japan's
1252:
794:
770:
633:
629:
493:
295:
183:
130:
1152:
1128:
The Story of Japan: History from the founding of the nation to the height of
Fujiwara prosperity
742:
560:
446:(794–1185) to their children and grandchildren who were not considered eligible for the throne.
259:
1200:
1175:
1169:
1132:
1105:
1101:
1073:
1067:
1043:
1011:
973:
967:
943:
918:
896:
871:
847:
800:
788:
782:
776:
764:
758:
728:
661:
545:
537:
533:
432:
275:
251:
140:
937:
1037:
1005:
969:
Japan's Name
Culture: The Significance of Names in a Religious, Political and Social Context
584:
243:
227:
195:
92:
727:
Taira Nimmyō (Nimmyō Heishi, 仁明平氏) – descended from the princes, grandchildren of the 54th
290:(1180-1185 AD). The five-year-long war concluded with a decisive Taira defeat in the naval
735:
645:
603:
564:
474:
402:
255:
187:
556:
163:
866:
741:
Taira Kōkō (Kōkō Heishi, 光孝平氏) – descended from the princes, grandchildren of the 58th
568:
521:
470:
266:
219:
1264:
1094:
861:
721:
685:
497:
462:
455:
439:
283:
247:
235:
231:
111:
38:
665:
625:
541:
517:
509:
478:
443:
223:
96:
279:
813:
734:
Taira
Montoku (Montoku Heishi, 文徳平氏) – descended from princes, children of 55th
720:
Taira Kanmu (Kanmu Heishi, 桓武平氏) – descended from the princes, children of 50th
676:, Yoritomo organized a large-scale rebellion against the rule of the Taira (the
649:
344:
72:
992:
1096:
Genji & Heike: Selections from The Tale of Genji and The Tale of the Heike
677:
599:
595:
572:
458:(782–805) and thus, together with the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan was born.
385:
303:
287:
175:
171:
167:
922:
900:
591:
1220:
265:
In the twilight of the Heian period, the Taira controlled the boy emperor
705:
621:
299:
271:
191:
590:
This branch of the Kanmu Heishi had many collateral branches, including
549:
42:
442:, Taira was one of the honorary surnames given by the emperors of the
67:
843:
701:
697:
555:
Taira no
Kiyomori, son and heir of Tadamori, rose to the position of
525:
179:
17:
657:
567:(1160). Kiyomori succeeded in enthroning his youngest grandson as
426:
418:
352:
308:
628:(1534–1582) also claimed Taira descent, they were descendants of
488:
The Kanmu Heishi line has two major branches. One was founded in
262:
Heishi, the most influential of which was the Kanmu Heishi line.
939:
Above the Clouds: Status
Culture of the Modern Japanese Nobility
689:
673:
614:
610:
613:
in the year 825. Members of this branch served as middle-class
583:, the last battle of the Genpei War. This story is told in the
508:) proved to be the strongest and most dominant line during the
505:
501:
489:
466:
242:. The clan is divided into four major groups, named after the
1199:. Stanford University Press. pp. 255–257, 275, 289–305.
1154:
Transactions and
Proceedings of the Japan Society, London
818:(crest, emblem) of the Taira clan is an Agehanochō (揚羽蝶,
1157:. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company, p. 105. 1932.
672:(1147–1199), the third son of Yoshitomo, into exile. In
278:) and had effectively dominated the Imperial capital of
688:
and the subjugation of eastern Japan in five years. In
684:), culminated with the destruction of the Taira by the
559:(great Minister of State), after his victories in the
656:, died in battle. Taira no Kiyomori gained power in
159:
146:
136:
126:
118:
102:
88:
54:
1093:
536:, his great-grandson, became loyal supporters of
282:. However, they were opposed by their rivals the
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1007:Warriors of Japan: As Portrayed in the War Tales
754:These were important members of the Taira clan.
465:were the first to bear the name of Taira, after
1039:Un vassallo che cercò di espugnare la Dinastia
961:
959:
394:
377:
360:
342:
329:
211:
57:
8:
423:The domain of the Taira clan in Japan (1183)
222:that dominated Japanese politics during the
30:"Taira" redirects here. For other uses, see
1100:. Stanford University Press. 1994. p.
1072:. Columbia University Press. p. 176.
1010:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 9.
942:. University of California Press, p. 72.
660:forging alliances with retired emperors
548:, created what was considered the first
1066:Watson, Burton; Shirane, Haruo (2006).
883:
829:
716:The Taira clan had four main branches:
544:, respectively. Later, Tadamori's son,
1042:(in Italian). Youcanprint. p. 7.
972:. Psychology Press. pp. 112–113.
269:(himself the grandson of the powerful
51:
893:Britannica International Encyclopedia
411:, an epic account of the Genpei War.
286:(the Genji), which culminated in the
7:
895:. TBS-Britannica. Shisei: "Heishi".
552:government in the history of Japan.
323:The clan is commonly referred to as
1061:
1059:
1031:
1029:
1027:
218:was one of the four most important
917:. Japan: Heibonsha. 1972. Heishi.
25:
1174:. Psychology Press. p. 156.
512:. A great-grandson of Takamochi,
832:
617:in the Imperial Court of Kyoto.
571:in 1180, an act that led to the
66:
524:) and established an important
405:". The clan is the namesake of
302:. The name "Genpei" comes from
966:Plutschow, Herbert E. (1995).
936:Lebra, Takie Sugiyama (1995).
449:The clan was founded when the
431:Warriors of the Taira clan by
27:Major Japanese clan of samurai
1:
150:
496:(great-grandson of the 50th
1125:Hiraizumi, Kiyoshi (1997).
83:, the Swallowtail butterfly
1292:
1197:A History of Japan to 1334
36:
29:
1221:"shogun | Japanese title"
401:is used as a suffix for "
395:
378:
361:
343:
330:
212:
65:
58:
1004:Varley, H. Paul (1994).
469:. Later, descendants of
351:, using the character's
1225:Encyclopedia Britannica
1195:Sansom, George (1958).
1036:Zumbo, Daniele (2013).
708:(Kanagawa Prefecture).
230:– the others being the
107:Imperial House of Japan
1069:The Tales of the Heike
891:Gibney, Frank (1984).
700:and created the first
461:Some grandchildren of
435:
424:
32:Taira (disambiguation)
1131:. Seisei Kikaku p 5.
915:Sekai Daihyakka Jiten
822:) with raised wings.
820:Swallowtail butterfly
654:Minamoto no Yoshitomo
430:
422:
408:The Tale of the Heike
246:they descended from:
1171:Japan's Name Culture
694:Minamoto no Yoritomo
670:Minamoto no Yoritomo
581:Battle of Dan-no-ura
577:Minamoto no Yoritomo
532:, his grandson; and
292:Battle of Dan-no-Ura
696:received the title
520:(currently part of
500:, who reigned from
349:, "House of Taira")
1168:Plutschow (1995).
795:Taira no Shigehira
771:Taira no Shigemori
634:Taira no Shigemori
630:Taira no Chikazane
494:Taira no Takamochi
436:
425:
304:alternate readings
131:Taira no Takamochi
872:Taira no Masakado
848:Utagawa Kuniyoshi
801:Taira no Takakiyo
789:Taira no Tomomori
783:Taira no Munemori
777:Taira no Tadanori
765:Taira no Kiyomori
759:Taira no Masakado
579:'s armies at the
546:Taira no Kiyomori
538:Emperor Shirakawa
514:Taira no Korehira
433:Utagawa Yoshitora
316:) and "Taira" (平
276:Taira no Kiyomori
203:
202:
141:Taira no Munemori
16:(Redirected from
1283:
1255:
1253:The Samurai Crab
1250:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1099:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1063:
1054:
1053:
1033:
1022:
1021:
1001:
995:
993:Samurai Archives
990:
984:
983:
963:
954:
953:
933:
927:
926:
911:
905:
904:
888:
836:
808:Mon of the Taira
668:. Kiyomori sent
585:Heike Monogatari
400:
398:
397:
383:
381:
380:
366:
364:
363:
350:
348:
347:
335:
333:
332:
228:Japanese history
217:
215:
214:
155:
152:
93:Hitachi Province
70:
61:
60:
52:
21:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1284:
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1280:
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1123:
1119:
1112:
1092:
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1080:
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913:
912:
908:
890:
889:
885:
880:
858:
851:
837:
828:
810:
752:
736:Emperor Montoku
714:
646:Heiji Rebellion
642:
624:at the time of
565:Heiji Rebellion
563:(1156) and the
561:Hōgen Rebellion
475:Emperor Montoku
438:Along with the
417:
403:extended family
392:
375:
358:
340:
334:, "Taira clan")
327:
296:first shogunate
209:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
153:
109:
84:
56:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1289:
1287:
1279:
1278:
1276:Japanese clans
1273:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1236:
1212:
1205:
1187:
1180:
1160:
1144:
1137:
1117:
1110:
1085:
1078:
1055:
1048:
1023:
1016:
996:
985:
978:
955:
948:
928:
906:
882:
881:
879:
876:
875:
874:
869:
867:Japanese clans
864:
857:
854:
853:
852:
838:
831:
827:
824:
809:
806:
805:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
774:
768:
762:
751:
748:
747:
746:
739:
732:
729:Emperor Nimmyō
725:
713:
710:
682:Taira-Minamoto
641:
638:
632:, grandson of
569:Emperor Antoku
522:Mie Prefecture
471:Emperor Nimmyo
451:Imperial Court
416:
413:
312:"Minamoto" (源
201:
200:
161:
160:Cadet branches
157:
156:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
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104:
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71:
63:
62:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1241:
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1226:
1222:
1216:
1213:
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1202:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1181:9781873410424
1177:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1138:9784916079046
1134:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1111:9780804766463
1107:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1079:9780231510837
1075:
1071:
1070:
1062:
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1056:
1051:
1049:9788891113221
1045:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1017:9780824816018
1013:
1009:
1008:
1000:
997:
994:
989:
986:
981:
979:9781873410424
975:
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951:
949:9780520076020
945:
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916:
910:
907:
902:
898:
894:
887:
884:
877:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
862:Japanese name
860:
859:
855:
849:
845:
841:
835:
830:
825:
823:
821:
817:
816:
807:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
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769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
756:
755:
749:
744:
740:
737:
733:
730:
726:
723:
722:Emperor Kanmu
719:
718:
717:
711:
709:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
686:Minamoto clan
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
639:
637:
636:(1138–1179).
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
582:
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570:
566:
562:
558:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:Emperor Kanmu
495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:Emperor Kanmu
459:
457:
456:Emperor Kanmu
452:
447:
445:
441:
434:
429:
421:
414:
412:
410:
409:
404:
391:
387:
374:
370:
357:
354:
346:
339:
326:
321:
319:
315:
311:
310:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:Minamoto clan
281:
277:
274:
273:
268:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
208:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
162:
158:
149:
147:Founding year
145:
142:
139:
135:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
112:Emperor Kanmu
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
89:Home province
87:
82:
81:
76:
75:
69:
64:
53:
48:
44:
40:
39:Japanese name
33:
19:
1228:. Retrieved
1224:
1215:
1196:
1190:
1170:
1163:
1153:
1147:
1127:
1120:
1095:
1088:
1068:
1038:
1006:
999:
988:
968:
938:
931:
914:
909:
892:
886:
814:
811:
753:
750:Clan members
743:Emperor Kōkō
715:
681:
648:(1160), the
643:
626:Oda Nobunaga
619:
608:
589:
557:Daijō Daijin
554:
542:Emperor Toba
518:Ise Province
510:Heian period
487:
483:Kanmu Heishi
482:
479:Emperor Koko
460:
448:
444:Heian period
437:
406:
389:
372:
368:
355:
337:
324:
322:
317:
313:
307:
270:
264:
258:Heishi, and
206:
204:
103:Parent house
97:Ise Province
78:
73:
46:
803:(1173–1199)
797:(1158–1185)
791:(1152–1185)
785:(1147–1185)
779:(1144–1184)
773:(1138–1179)
767:(1118–1181)
745:'s lineage.
731:'s lineage.
650:Seiwa Genji
644:During the
516:, moved to
196:Tanegashima
137:Final ruler
1271:Taira clan
1265:Categories
1230:2017-08-21
1206:0804705232
878:References
840:Yoshitsune
678:Genpei War
640:Genpei War
604:Hatakeyama
573:Genpei War
288:Genpei War
238:, and the
226:period of
188:Hatakeyama
154: 825
761:(903–940)
704:based in
662:Shirakawa
528:dynasty.
240:Tachibana
923:38097358
901:47462068
856:See also
712:Branches
706:Kamakura
652:leader,
622:Oda clan
534:Tadamori
530:Masamori
440:Minamoto
371:, while
300:Kamakura
254:Heishi,
250:Heishi,
244:emperors
236:Fujiwara
232:Minamoto
80:Agehachō
37:In this
826:Gallery
550:samurai
415:History
388:", and
384:means "
353:On'yomi
306:of the
256:Montoku
127:Founder
122:Various
43:surname
1203:
1178:
1135:
1108:
1076:
1046:
1014:
976:
946:
921:
899:
844:Benkei
702:bakufu
698:shogun
526:Daimyo
325:Heishi
267:Antoku
252:Ninmyō
234:, the
199:others
184:Tajiri
180:Uchima
119:Titles
41:, the
658:Kyoto
600:Miura
596:Chiba
369:Taira
338:Heike
309:kanji
280:Heian
272:Kugyō
248:Kanmu
224:Heian
220:clans
207:Taira
176:Nagao
172:Miura
168:Chiba
55:Taira
47:Taira
18:Taira
1201:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1106:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1044:ISBN
1012:ISBN
974:ISBN
944:ISBN
919:OCLC
897:OCLC
842:and
812:The
690:1192
674:1180
666:Toba
664:and
620:The
615:kuge
611:Ason
602:and
592:Hōjō
540:and
477:and
386:clan
367:for
260:Kōkō
205:The
164:Hōjō
1102:250
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680:or
506:806
504:to
502:781
492:by
490:889
467:825
373:shi
356:hei
336:or
320:).
318:Hei
314:Gen
298:in
192:Oda
74:Mon
45:is
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1239:^
1223:.
1104:.
1058:^
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958:^
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606:.
598:,
594:,
587:.
485:.
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345:平家
331:平氏
151:c.
95:,
77::
59:平氏
1233:.
1209:.
1184:.
1141:.
1114:.
1082:.
1052:.
1020:.
982:.
952:.
925:.
903:.
850:)
738:.
724:.
399:)
396:家
393:(
382:)
379:氏
376:(
365:)
362:平
359:(
341:(
328:(
216:)
213:平
210:(
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110:(
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34:.
20:)
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