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observations of filament branching by TIRF microscopy. The controversy created by Small et al. 2008 regards the degree to which this branching persists at the leading edge of migrating cells and it is fair to say that large majority of the field is skeptical of the extreme position represented by Small et al. 2008 (Higgs HN. 2011 Trends Cell Biol. 21(1):2-4; Insall RH. 2011 Trends Cell Biol. 21(1):2).
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The above statement is not correct. Evidence from many laboratories has established that the Arp2/3 complex nucleates new filaments from the sides of pre-existing filaments. These experiments include electron microscopy of various fixed samples as well as bulk biochemical studies and real-time
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The information in this article is now out of date. New evidence has arisen that the 70 degree branching by the Arp2/3 complex is an artefact from critical-point drying for electron microscopy. This article should be updated with the new findings. Please see "Unravelling the structure of the
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Moreover, recent studies show that the Arp2/3 complex is essential for proper polar cell expansion in plants. Arp2/3 mutations in
Arabidopsis thaliana result in abnormal filament organization, which in turn affects the expansion of trichomes, pavement cells, hypocotyl cells, and root hair
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In further response to the first comment above, it now appears that the results of Small et al. (2008) suffer from significant data processing artefacts and/or observer bias. For details, see Yang and
Svitkina (2011, Nature Cell Biology 13, 1012–1013).
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Hi
Amulekii, no that appears to be wrong. Just as written in the article in the barbed-branching model arp2/3 associates with the
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I think it should say that in the barbed-branching model arp2/3 associates with the pointed end. I couldn't access the article.
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Shouldn't it say
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein family instead of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome family protein?
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The article from reference says that WASP is not found in plants, but they do have SCAR/WAVE proteins.
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on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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Hey, I am not sure if the article is that good yet. I am planning to keep improving it though. --
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is found in most eukaryotic organisms, but absent from a number of
Chromalveolates and plants.
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I hope this clears things up a bit. Thanks for contacting me on my talk page about it. --
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Oh yeah. I got you. I should have looked more carefully at the pictures you provided.
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Signalling to actin assembly via the WASP-family proteins and the Arp2/3 complex
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lamellipodium" by Small, et al 2008, Journal of
Microscopy 231(3):479
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But then in the section "Cellular uses of Arp2/3" one can read: "
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Arp2/3 complex binds to the barbed end of the actin filament
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