1447:"In the United States, methamphetamine hydrochloride, under the trade name Desoxyn, has been approved by the FDA for treating ADHD and obesity in both adults and children; however, the FDA also indicates that the limited therapeutic usefulness of methamphetamine should be weighed against the inherent risks associated with its use. To avoid toxicity and a risk of side effects, FDA guidelines recommend the initial dose of methamphetamine at doses 5-10mg/day for the treatment of ADHD in adults, and for the treatment of ADHD and obesity in children over six years of age. If a patient's therapeutic dose has not been reached, the dose may be increased by 5mg in weekly intervals until the optimum clinical response is found. The usual effective dose is around 20-25mg, however some people may find lower doses to be more therapeutic. "Methamphetamine should be administered at the lowest effective dosage, and dosage should be individually adjusted." If required, a daily dose may be divided into 2 effective doses. Methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed off label for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia in doses up to 60mg. In the United States, methamphetamine's levorotary form is available in some over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant products.
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Really? I mean come on lol, I know RLS sucks but people get that from SO many drugs. You do know RLS is mostly correlated with deficient dopamine levels right? Also no offense but virtually everything you said here pretty much goes without saying, itâs kind of just a reiteration of the same stuff people have said for a while now but it still doesnât reconcile how the dependence is not physical. Itâs still physical. We already know the presentation symptoms between these drugs. Like we know dude lol but come on you canât really think that actually changes this issue. We donât have to be experts to discern this. And I would gladly change or look into changing the âpsychological dependenceâ article to a title such as âneurological dependenceâ but the terminology as of now makes no sense and is CLEARLY outdated. And yes credentialed people have pointed this out. But either way itâs a pretty obvious thing. I mean the title and what it implies is like straight out of the 80/90s or something. I even kinda wish there was even room for debate on this topic there really isnât.. Sorry but thereâs just no debatable angles to this. All drug dependencies are physical. Thereâs no way around that.
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drug/âscientificâ/autodidact community in general. It really makes no sense and it treats neurological dependence like something which somehow isnât âphysicalâ merely because the symptoms are not somatic. The symptoms may not be âphysicalâ but the dependency itself certainly is. Even coffee causes physical/neurological dependence. It seems to just be harping on the grossly outdated idea that stimulant dependencies are âfictiveâ or just âin your headâ with no palpable mechanisms which is clearly not the case. Meanwhile we have the other extreme going on with the cocaine article where people keep insisting on putting âhigh physical dependenceâ propensity which seems just as senseless. I canât see any justifications for the meth/cocaine articles saying anything other than âmoderateâ in regards to the physical dependence sections. Maybe moderate - high at most. But just shamelessly saying straight up âhighâ or ânoneâ is pretty ridiculous and essentially impossible to justify.
1436:"In the United States, methamphetamine hydrochloride, under the trade name Desoxyn, has been approved by the FDA for treating ADHD and obesity in both adults and children; however, the FDA also indicates that the limited therapeutic usefulness of methamphetamine should be weighed against the inherent risks associated with its use. To avoid toxicity, FDA guidelines recommend methamphetamine at doses 25mg/day for ADHD in adults and children over six years of age. Methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed off label for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. In the United States, methamphetamine's levorotary form is available in some over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant products."
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Methamphetamine is a direct neurotoxin to DA neurons and current reviews of neuroimaging studies show that methamphetamine use correlates with neurotoxicity/neurodegeneration. Obviously, given (1) the common dosage patterns amongst methamphetamine users worldwide and (2) how irrelevant
Desoxyn is relative to other USFDA-approved ADHD psychostimulants, meth use correlates with high-dose meth use in general. So, again, methamphetamine is clearly directly toxic at higher doses in humans, but that finding cannot be extended to lower (i.e., ~25 mg) doses.
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1506:"For treatment of children 6 years or older with a behavioral syndrome characterized by moderate to severe distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotional lability and impulsivity: an initial dose of 5 mg DESOXYN once or twice a day is recommended. Daily dosage may be raised in increments of 5 mg at weekly intervals until an optimum clinical response is achieved. The usual effective dose is 20 to 25 mg daily. The total daily dose may be given in two divided doses daily."
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1730:. I know I've read this in a handful of sources before, so it shouldn't be difficult to cite. If a comparison between amphetamine and methamphetamine enantiomers is included at all, then all 4 should probably be mentioned. Otherwise, I think cutting it seems justified. Also, while levomethamphetamine technically is a CNS stimulant, it's a fairly weak one in comparison to the other enantiomers, particularly considering that it's sold OTC in the United States as a nasal decongestant.
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transport chain enzyme subunits. I think it's also worth pointing out that any neurotoxicity is also potentiated by meth's activity at Sigma 1&2 receptors in human DA neurons, which increases DA release and elevates body temperature (NB activation of sigma receptors aren't inherently neurotoxic, but they potentiate meth's neurotoxicity because of several
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969.7 (psychostimulant poisoning) or E854.2 The study was based on a review of hospital records, so the doses used cannot be determined. People admitted into the study had to have been medically treated for either dependance, abuse or poisoning related to stimulants. What do you think the low dose vs high dose breakdown is for each of those categories?
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2995:. A UK study, zero meth use. All Amphetamine for the stimulant users. All amphetamine users took street amphetamine daily; 7 were also receiving a dextroamphetamine prescription (dose36.421.9 mg); none reported methamphetamine use. I'm not sure why the authors cited this. They do know that amphetamine and methamphetamine are different drugs right?
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3195:, I owe you an apology. I distinctly remmeber adding that line to the source code, but, I've just checked the revision history for this article and there's no update from me on the 28th. So, I assume I simply forgot to click publish afterwards because of sleep deprivation and/or my medication having worn off. My bad.
2975:", but never quantify the "low dose" part of the title. Maybe there was some confusion during editing and that sentence got cut? They must have got that from somewhere though, so I read the cited papers and see to see what dose is considered low dose methamphetamine. There are eight papers cited in the section,
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Is there anymore evidence that asserts that methamphetamine is toxic at low doses? I understand that there's going to be a greater prevalence of evidence covering high-dose users because methamphetamine is primarily a recreationally used drug. But, surely there needs to be some direct coverage of low
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Not low doses. The minimum dose to be admitted into the study is at least 5-10 times the therapeutic dose range. "METH abusers fulfilled
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV criteria for METH dependence (average METH use of at least 0.25 gm /d, at least 5 d per week for at least 2
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Uhm... I'm pretty sure if the racemate is common name, then the dextro and levo enantiomers have the same common name. If you want to make a big fucking deal about this and draw other editors in simply because you don't like being reverted, then we can go back through the motions all over again. But,
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This is misleading, considering that a beginning dose, 25mg of methamphetamine, is NOT recommended by the FDA for the treatment of ADHD in adults, as well as the treatment of ADHD and obesity in children over six years of age without an observed clinical trial. A dose of 25mg is only "recommended" in
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Anyway, I was looking through the citations to better understand how and why methamphetamine is neurotoxic even at the doses indicated for ADHD, because they aren't as direct and straight forward as the imaging meta-analysis on ADHD amphetamine use in that article. I found two citations that seem to
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In the United States, methamphetamine hydrochloride, under the trade name
Desoxyn, has been approved by the FDA for treating ADHD and obesity in both adults and children; however, the FDA also indicates that the limited therapeutic usefulness of methamphetamine should be weighed against the inherent
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In the United States, methamphetamine hydrochloride, under the trade name
Desoxyn, has been approved by the FDA for treating ADHD and obesity in both adults and children; however, the FDA also indicates that the limited therapeutic usefulness of methamphetamine should be weighed against the inherent
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for this to occur. Increases of sufficiently high DA via meth's participation in TAAR1- and CAMKII-mediated signaling cascades that phosphorylate DAT - and subsequent DA autoxidation can definitely amplify the neurotoxic effects of meth due DA quinones also having the capacity to mess with electron
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which allows it to permeate mitochondria in DA neurons and inhibit complexes II and III of the electron transport chain to trigger mitochondria depolarisation. Inhibition of those complexes from sufficient concentration of methamphetamine disrupts oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production (i.e.,
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Individuals aged at least 50 years were assigned to the methamphetamine group only if they had the following characteristics: (1) an ICD-9 diagnosis, in any diagnostic position, of 304.4 (amphetamine and other psychostimulant dependence), 305.7 (amphetamine or related acting sympathomimetic abuse),
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Also not that it really matters and itâs certainly not a competition but.. Those âopioid withdrawal symptomsâ you listed sound like some pretty rookie shit to me. Iâve had weed withdrawals that make those symptoms you listed look like a freaking trip to
Disneyland. And I mean restless leg syndrome?
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itself is still clearly physical. I donât understand why people have such a problem accepting that drug dependencies are either neurological or somatic (or even both) but thereâs literally still no such thing as a ânon-physical drug dependencyâ. Thatâs a pretty contradictory notion. I mean somebody
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Well I donât see what that link has to do with dependence since that word isnât even mentioned, nor do I see how itâs even a remotely reputable source. I bet I could scour that site and find dozens of bits of misinformation. Iâve found worse from âbetter sitesâ after all. At the end of the day many
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As a convention, most substituted amphetamines that are also prescription drugs don't use the INN, as is evident from the tracking category entries below. Their INNs are much less recognizable than the names derived from the amphetamine contraction (i.e., the common names that are used instead) in
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Accidentally said levoamphetamine instead of levomethamphetamine in my edit summary but I still donât see how itâs relevant, particularly right there. Seems pretty random and I donât see the point of comparing an isomer of methamphetamine to one of amphetamine when itâs not even comparing the same
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at doses 5-10mg/day for ADHD in adults and children over six years of age, and may be increased at weekly intervals of 5mg, up to 25mg/day, until optimum clinical response is found; the usual effective dose is around 20-25mg/day. Methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed off label for narcolepsy and
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at doses 5-10mg/day for ADHD in adults and children over six years of age, and may be increased at weekly intervals of 5mg, up to 25mg/day, until optimum clinical response is found; the usual effective dose is around 20-25mg/day. Methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed off label for narcolepsy and
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I was debating whether I should've included that
Desoxyn can be prescribed for Narcolepsy at up to 60mg, but I later realized that it was unnecessary to include the maximum dosages because the clinical period is probably the same for somebody being prescribed methamphetamine for narcolepsy. Thanks
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Reference states that, "Methamphetamine is used as a secondary treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children over the age of six and for the short-term management of exogenous obesity. Used in this context, the FDA has approved the administration of methamphetamine at
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This article refers to methamphetamine as a neurotoxin, aka a direct neurotoxin. Before I continue, I just want to state that it's very clear that methamphetamine will induce neurodegeneration with chronic exposure to high doses. Not only is this evident from the generous amount of brain imaging
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Oh hey, a rat study. "The next day, rats received 4 injections at 2-hr intervals of either 0.9% saline or METH (10 mg/kg, s.c.). The rats were repeatedly injected with high doses (the LD50 of meth for rats is ~50mg/kg)." So after reading every single citation in the section, the lowest dose
2404:", per the lead of that article. All of those symptoms reflect a withdrawal syndrome associated with physical dependence. The symptoms I didn't quote from the lead - given that they're cognitive in nature - reflect psychological dependence. That being said, I don't see where in this article or
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Also while Iâm here, is there actually a source that says methamphetamine hydrochloride (HCl) is the crystallized form of methamphetamine because that sounds sort of contradictory to me but maybe I just donât know enough about chemistry. I thought hydrochloric salts were literally removed from
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No mention of dose - Users recruited into the study came from treatment programs. MA and COC using participants were recruited from people treatment clinics in San
Bernardino and Los Angeles counties in California. All of the participants for either drug group met DSM-IV criteria for abuse or
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In any event, all direct neurotoxins have a threshold dose they must meet in order to exert their relative toxic effect on the brain. What makes them direct neurotoxins is the fact that the substance engages in a direct pharmacological interaction with some aspect of a neuron that results in
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With all that said, I doubt we're going to get a clear answer on whether methamphetamine is neurotoxic or neuroprotective at the USFDA-approved dose range for
Desoxyn pharmaceuticals through meta-analytic reviews of neuroimaging studies of low-dose users, a la amphetamine, any time soon.
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there's virtually no way you're going to convince everyone to keep the INN of that page the way it is given previous discussions about these article names. Also, using an INN for an enantiomer and a different common name for the racemate in their respective articles is just weird.
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Admittedly Iâm not sure on that one about the hydrochloride form but I do know for a fact that physical dependence saying ânoneâ is undoubtedly incorrect. This notion that only downers cause genuine physical dependencies is getting pretty old. Not just on
Knowledge but in the
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As for the revised wording RE: meth nTox across the 2nd and 3rd editions of the
Molecular Neuropharamcology textbook, that likely happened as a result of increasing questions of whether methamphetamine at lower doses is actually toxic to DA neurons, especially in humans.
1863:. The exceptions to using the INN and when to use a different common name as the pagename is explicitly stated on the MOS page, and the particular exceptions for methamphetamine and several amphetamine derivatives are stated as examples on the MOS page as well. To quote
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People think âpsychological dependenceâ means a fictive craving or just a mental desire. They donât realize that it has neurological foundations and if they did they would admit that itâs physical, which it is. This is one of the things thatâs not debatable.
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I'm not Seppi, but I feel the need to point that this article doesn't actually quantify the threshold exposure (i.e., dose) of methamphetamine that's necessary for DA neurotoxicity. The only mention of dose "range" is in the lead with the statement that
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mentioned is 250mg a day. I don't think anyone could call that a "low dose". I have no idea why the section was named the way it was when there is zero evidence to support it. It's unfortunate that seems to have confused a number of individuals.
3001:. The present study was designed to further our understanding of changes in brain function in humans that might result from chronic high dose use of MA after at least 3 months of abstinence. The study specifically recruited high dose users.
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talk page archives and search for discussions about "INN" if you want to read the discussion about the use of the INN as the pagename and exceptions to this rule, but that's a bit unnecessary given what's actually written on
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s that they interact with; sigma-2 receptor activation can also trigger apoptotic cascades). That being said, the biggest contributor to neurodegeneration when using methamphetamine at relatively high doses is cerebral
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the occurrence of physical dependence is mentioned. They shouldn't state this because neither one - nor virtually any other psychostimulant drug - induces physical/somatic withdrawal symptoms after repeated use.
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Where is the arbitration or discussion that determined this should be the case? I checked the Manuals of Style, but couldnât find such a supposed exception. If you could let me know, that would be appreciated.
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studies avaliable on meth recreational (high) and binge (very high) users, but also from the neurotoxic mechanisms methamphetamine has at high doses via EAAT inhibition and hyperthermia/BBB permeability.
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Based on autopsies, 11 out of 16 were reported to have methamphetamine intoxication as cause of death. I think we can all agree that a lethal dose of methamphetamine would not be considered a "low" dose?.
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mitochondrial dysfunction) which confers increased susceptibility to apoptosis. This is a direct pharmacological effect of the methamphetamine molecule in DA neurons and DA neurotransmission is not
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232545123_Comparative_Epidemiology_of_Dependence_on_Tobacco_Alcohol_Controlled_Substances_and_Inhalants_Basic_Findings_From_the_National_Comorbidity_Survey
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certain drugs (such as cocaine) to make them âsmokableâ (unless itâs a case by case thing), and from what I understand crystallized methamphetamine was first introduced specifically to be smoked.
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for the content in the destination pages and must not be deleted as long as the copies exist. For attribution and to access older versions of the copied text, please see the history links below.
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criteria. If you want to disseminate your personal opinion, you should do that in your own blog or somewhere else, and not infiltrate into every medical article pushing your personal opinion. --
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contains an updated list of of articles that don't follow this article title guideline and include the INN in the drugbox INN parameter; these articles are listed under the underscore section.
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a particular drug, I made that change, the CDC implies that these numbers represent the number of deaths with a particular drug, at least with opiates. See Understanding the Opiate Epidemic.
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1806:. Just wanted to give you advance notice that I'll swap back the pagenames sometime in the near future. Since the page has fairly low traffic, this isn't a matter of any particular urgency.
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Apologies in advanced for any grammatical errors; I finished writing this some time after my medication wore off and I pretty much lost all interest in proof reading by the end of it.
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Meanwhile, studies show Methamphetamine to have moderate addiction potential, 10-15%, which is the same addiction liability as Alcohol which has âModerate (10-15%)â on its wiki page.
3037:, as they've been very active throughout this article over the years. Given the scope of contributions you've made here, I trust you wouldn't have made such an assertion lightly.
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be the most relevant for claims of low dose/direct neurotoxicity. The first one is" Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.)" which states
2276:. I mean, one of those is an FA and this page is a GA. Obviously, the pagenames have been discussed ad nauseum. I just don't remember if they primarily took place on this page,
2392:- the more general concept - can entail either or both, depending on the drug. Physical/somatic withdrawal symptoms are easily observable/measurable. E.g., ethanol can induce
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2989:. The subjects were included in the study if their average methamphetamine use involved at least 0.5 g/day, at least 5 days per week,for at least 2 years. No low doses here
2758:, not just methamphetamine. This nuance should be included if we write a section on overdose deaths. It should be tailored to incidents of only methamphetamine overdose. --
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want to read the relevant discussions, I'll link them for you later tonight or tomorrow. But again, I don't really see why you find it necessary given the fact that for
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Not trying to be a dick, but you need to understand there has been a lot of discussion about these article names in the past. It's not like MOS:PHARM is just ignored on
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Hmm. I tend to agree; that seems like a weird comparison without additional context, especially given that it's in the lead. Ranked by psychostimulant potency, it's:
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Granted, this kind of feels contradictory. If something is directly toxic, surely it should cause toxicity upon exposure. Say, if a 5mg Desoxyn tablet were given.
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2607:"Super meth" and "P2P meth" are getting a lot of discussion in the popular press lately but are not mentioned here. Could someone please add some information?
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dose/therapeutic dose range to be stating outright that methamphetamine is directly neurotoxic in the article. I feel like if anyone would know, it would be @
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Secondly, the source "Recent Advances in Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity Mechanisms and Its Molecular Pathophysiology". has a section in the paper titled "
2466:âprofessionalsâ donât even care about the details or the technical nuances, theyâre just doing a job and want to finish and get home like everybody else.
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idiopathic hypersomnia. In the United States, methamphetamine's levorotary form is available in some over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant products.
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idiopathic hypersomnia. In the United States, methamphetamine's levorotary form is available in some over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant products.
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2971:" That seems very direct. However, reading the content of the section, they don't quantify dose. They mention damage related to "chronic use" and "meth
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There is no evidence that Methamphetamine addiction potential is âvery highâ, and there is no source linked to back up that claim on this page.
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to be written into a project MOS, it has to be discussed ad nauseum on the talk page first. So, you already know you'll find a consensus there.
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I appreciate you being proactive about moving pages on drug articles to their INN pagename. There are, however, a handful of exceptions to the
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yeah that makes no sense because obviously the mechanisms which cause psychological symptoms are still very physical regardless, therefore the
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I think that information would be very useful for readers, so I think it should be included.Another editor recently moved the page
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type of isomer. Comparing potency of dextroamphetamine to dexromethamphetamine would make exponentially more sense (in the intro).
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I suggest that we revise the Medical section of methamphetamine to become more informative and to ensure maximum risk prevention.
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reliasmedia.com, nchrc.org, amegroups.org, consultant360.com, and chooser.crossref.org are not reliable sources.Interpreting
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If you want to conflate the two, thatâs your prerogative. Everyone else in the world is still going to make the distinction.
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naming convention on drugs (see the first note), and you incidentally happened to come across one of those exceptions with
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methamphetamine is neurotoxic to human midbrain dopamine neurons and, to a lesser extent, serotonin neurons at high doses.
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English-speaking countries. As a rather extreme example, I doubt even 1% of the general population would even recognize
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https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=81bfc45f-c345-47d0-9fc9-77abe553b541&type=display
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It might be that opiates are perceived to be more lethal than methamphetamine or cocaine which is probably true.
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FDA guidelines recommend methamphetamine at doses 25mg/day for ADHD in adults and children over six years of age.
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dependence. I think it's safe to assume that most users in treatment for addiction were not low dose users.
2375:. Pure, unadulterated methamphetamine hydrochloride looks like a translucent white crystal, hence the name.
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To avoid toxicity and risk of side effects, FDA guidelines recommend an initial dose of methamphetamine
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This is the image we use to illustrate methamphetamine hydrochloride (crystal meth). Compare this to
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the treatment of ADHD (Or a child's obesity) after testing a patient's dose-responsive relationship.
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Association of Dopamine Transporter Reduction With Psychomotor Impairment in Methamphetamine Abusers
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To avoid toxicity and risk of side effects, FDA guidelines recommend initial dose of methamphetamine
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It doesn't matter what your opinion is. Knowledge articles are based on reliable sources that meet
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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Hmmm... it seems that the category is still missing actually. Would you mind checking it again,
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Whereâs this supposed âbig fucking dealâ youâre whining about? I was nothing but polite to you.
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Text has been copied to or from this article; see the list below. The source pages now serve to
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Thatâs methamphetamine, racemic, not enantiopure levmetamfetamine which is being referred to.
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Loss of Dopamine Transporters in Methamphetamine Abusers Recovers with Protracted Abstinence.
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Incidence of Parkinsonâs disease among hospital patients with methamphetamine-use disorders.
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dependence is ALWAYS physical and thatâs an inescapable fact. So this is clearly a misnomer.
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Stated within the Desoxyn Prescribing Information PDF, reference 24, and according to "",
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Here is a link to one such study that shows Methamphetamineâs 10-15% addiction liability:
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is literally just based on whether withdrawal symptoms are physical/somatic or cognitive.
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I also like how you improved the readability of the edit through the use of semicolons.
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Methamphetamine overdose deaths often involves polydrug abuse, involving various drug
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Hello. Requesting that the following category be added to this semi-protected page:
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Drugbox tracking category entries for pages that don't use their INN as the pagename
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However, I have read the third edition from 2015, which has revised this claim to
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can say what they want about the symptoms themselves but the dependence.. like the
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Cognitive function and nigrostriatal markers in abstinent methamphetamine abusers
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restless legs, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, and an increased heart rate
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True, but I wouldn't expect to be immediately reverted by someone non-combative.
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This information should also be added to the pharmacology section on the page.
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Everyone else in the world? Nobody believes neurological doesnât mean physical
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However, I have read the third edition from 2015, which has revised this claim
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This section is well reference by many reliable sources including the CDC.
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This article needs mentions and definitions of "super meth" and "P2P meth"
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Perseverative behavior in rats with methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.
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toxicity. Methamphetamine is a direct neurotoxin if only due its high
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I appreciate the quick fix. Thanks for updating my talk page as well!
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Cognitive Performance of Current Methamphetamine and Cocaine Abusers
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Change âAddiction liabilityâ from Very High to Moderate (10-15%).
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History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#Illegal_synthesis
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Anyway, I've rectified this in the latest revision of the page.
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Knowledge level-5 vital articles in Biology and health sciences
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Methamphetamine Hcl =\= Crystal meth? Also physical dependence
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Dextroamphetamine stronger stimulant than levomethamphetamine
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Reflection Impulsivity in Current and Former Substance Users
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for Knowledge's health content are defined in the guideline
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Brain serotonin transporter in human methamphetamine users
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and that when it is smoked it causes a massive release of
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Knowledge:WikiProject Psychoactive and Recreational Drugs
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2893:: Methamphetamine have established addiction liability.
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sources (such as stats, invidual case reports, etc.) is
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Template:WikiProject Psychoactive and Recreational Drugs
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Thank you for your help. That is greatly appreciated.
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clinical publications about evidence-based medicine
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1254:Knowledge:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)
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1377:History and culture of substituted amphetamines
1354:History and culture of substituted amphetamines
1036:WikiProject Psychoactive and Recreational Drugs
856:and that biomedical information in any article
2682:. Overdose information should be sourced from
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854:Manual of Style for medicine-related articles
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3021:years, at least2 weeks of METH abstinence).:
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3115:Protected page edit request
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2023:Copper (64Cu) oxodotreotide
1900:Notable exceptions include
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1616:to reactivate your request.
1604:has been answered. Set the
1500:doses of up to 25 mg/day."
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74:New to Knowledge? Welcome!
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1246:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1189:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1117:the discussion
1099:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1032:
1020:
1019:
1007:
995:
994:
991:
990:
983:Mid-importance
979:
973:
972:
970:
953:the discussion
939:
927:
926:
924:Midâimportance
918:
906:
905:
902:
901:
890:
884:
883:
881:
845:
844:
828:
816:
815:
807:
795:
794:
791:
790:
779:
773:
772:
770:
753:the discussion
739:
727:
726:
718:
706:
705:
702:
701:
690:
684:
683:
681:
640:
628:
627:
619:
607:
606:
600:
578:
564:
563:
560:
559:
552:
551:
526:
500:
499:
496:
495:
492:
485:
477:
476:
473:
466:
458:
457:
454:
447:
439:
438:
435:
428:
420:
419:
416:
413:
409:
408:
393:
392:
358:
346:
345:
311:
299:
298:
289:
287:
286:
283:
282:
228:
227:
142:
141:
137:
136:
131:
126:
117:
116:
114:
113:
106:
101:
92:
86:
84:
83:
72:
63:
62:
59:
58:
52:
36:
35:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3366:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3193:174.66.87.253
3190:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3179:174.66.87.253
3177:? Thank you.
3176:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3097:
3095:hyperpyrexia.
3093:
3088:
3083:
3082:lipophilicity
3078:
3075:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3036:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3006:
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3000:
2997:
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2988:
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2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2891:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2841:
2838:parameter to
2829:
2825:
2818:
2817:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2757:
2752:
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2747:
2743:
2738:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2715:
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2710:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2689:
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2681:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2602:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1946:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1918:tenamfetamine
1915:
1911:
1910:metamfetamine
1907:
1903:
1896:
1893:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1844:
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1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1790:
1789:
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1784:
1778:
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1774:
1769:
1763:
1759:
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1749:
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1742:
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1740:
1722:
1721:
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1715:
1711:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1683:
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1673:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1615:
1612:parameter to
1603:
1599:
1592:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1532:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1421:
1418:parameter to
1409:
1405:
1398:
1397:
1391:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1293:TRIP database
1290:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1249:Ideal sources
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1224:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1060:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
988:
984:
978:
975:
974:
971:
954:
950:
946:
945:
940:
937:
933:
932:
928:
922:
919:
916:
912:
899:
895:
889:
886:
885:
882:
865:
864:
859:
855:
851:
850:
842:
831:
829:
826:
822:
821:
817:
811:
808:
805:
801:
788:
784:
778:
775:
774:
771:
754:
750:
746:
745:
740:
737:
733:
732:
728:
722:
719:
716:
712:
699:
695:
689:
686:
685:
682:
665:
661:
660:
655:
654:
649:
648:
647:
641:
638:
634:
633:
629:
623:
620:
617:
613:
608:
604:
598:
590:
589:
579:
570:
569:
558:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
533:
523:
522:
517:
515:
514:Did you know?
509:
504:
497:
493:
491:
490:
486:
483:
479:
478:
474:
472:
471:
467:
464:
460:
459:
455:
453:
452:
448:
445:
441:
440:
436:
434:
433:
429:
426:
422:
421:
417:
414:
411:
410:
404:
398:
394:
389:
387:
386:
378:
374:
370:
369:
368:
362:
359:
356:
352:
351:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
318:
312:
309:
305:
304:
285:
284:
279:
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267:
263:
259:
255:
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206:
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196:ScienceDirect
194:
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184:
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176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
148:
144:
143:
135:
134:Verifiability
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
121:
120:
111:
107:
105:
102:
100:
96:
93:
91:
88:
87:
81:
77:
76:Learn to edit
73:
70:
65:
64:
61:
60:
56:
50:
46:
42:
41:
34:
31:
29:
28:
19:
3150:
3124:
3118:
3073:
3039:
3031:
3024:
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3011:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2905:
2904:
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2889:
2870:24.5.117.157
2867:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2839:
2828:edit request
2798:Reknihtdivad
2787:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2753:
2742:Reknihtdivad
2733:
2719:Reknihtdivad
2698:
2697:
2693:
2690:criteria. --
2684:WP:SECONDARY
2661:Reknihtdivad
2658:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2606:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2525:
2515:
2511:
2488:
2483:
2455:
2445:
2441:
2425:
2415:
2411:
2351:
2347:
2316:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2233:
2223:
2219:
2192:
2182:
2178:
2068:Isoprenaline
2048:Fenethylline
2003:Blarcamesine
1895:
1822:
1812:
1808:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1746:
1736:
1732:
1706:
1689:open channel
1688:
1679:
1671:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1602:edit request
1542:
1541:
1537:
1530:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1440:To Change B:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1408:edit request
1311:
1305:
1296:
1283:
1277:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1248:
1202:project page
1195:
1191:
1146:
1102:
1039:
982:
958:Neuroscience
949:Neuroscience
942:
921:Neuroscience
893:
861:
847:
782:
758:Pharmacology
749:Pharmacology
742:
721:Pharmacology
693:
664:project page
657:
651:
644:
643:
603:WikiProjects
586:
557:Good article
556:
530:
528:
519:
511:
487:
468:
449:
437:Not promoted
430:
383:
381:
377:please do so
365:
364:
360:
329:
325:
321:
314:
273:
231:
218:
212:
204:
198:
192:
186:
178:
170:
162:
156:
146:
118:
43:This is the
18:Talk:Desoxyn
2868:Thank you.
2262:amphetamine
2103:Methicillin
2053:Gosogliptin
1988:Amphetamine
1947:by its INN.
1914:diamorphine
1875:common name
1867:directly: "
451:Peer review
315:written in
55:not a forum
3223:Categories
2832:|answered=
2676:WP:PRIMARY
2484:dependence
2435:Addendum:
2400:involves "
2143:Tenilapine
2093:Merestinib
2033:Cysteamine
1906:amfetamine
1680:FlightTime
1606:|answered=
1451:References
1412:|answered=
1282:(limit to
1211:Disability
1206:discussion
1174:Disability
518:column on
475:Not listed
371:under the
2788:involving
2737:WikiLinuz
2609:Mondebleu
2552:Dexedream
2537:Dexedream
2497:Dexedream
2468:Dexedream
2355:Dexedream
2290:MOS:PHARM
2133:Rifamycin
2008:Butirosin
1902:lysergide
1861:MOS:PHARM
1856:MOS:PHARM
1710:Dexedream
1642:Change B:
1630:Change A:
1429:Change A:
1295:provides
1276:provides
669:Chemicals
659:chemicals
622:Chemicals
591:is rated
508:Main Page
112:if needed
95:Be polite
45:talk page
3125:See the
3035:Seppi333
2890:Not done
2688:WP:MEDRS
2566:WP:MEDRS
2286:WT:PHARM
2118:Pecazine
2018:Ciprofol
869:Medicine
810:Medicine
593:GA-class
541:dopamine
456:Reviewed
385:reassess
330:traveled
233:Archives
202:Springer
167:Cochrane
80:get help
53:This is
51:article.
2973:abusers
2756:classes
2524:Insert
2454:Insert
2424:Insert
2406:cocaine
2315:Insert
2245:JoeBo82
2232:Insert
2204:JoeBo82
2191:Insert
2158:Trazium
1850:JoeBo82
1835:JoeBo82
1821:Insert
1794:JoeBo82
1745:Insert
1486:Medical
1373:history
1363:Copied
1350:history
1340:Copied
1149:on the
1041:defunct
1015:defunct
985:on the
896:on the
785:on the
696:on the
543:in the
510:in the
415:Process
326:defense
274:30Â days
2489:actual
2294:really
2282:WT:MED
2272:, and
2138:Savlon
2113:Niacin
1916:, and
1482:"Uses"
1274:PubMed
1122:Autism
1109:autism
1081:Autism
599:scale.
494:Listed
418:Result
190:OpenMD
160:PubMed
2906:Linuz
2836:|ans=
2826:This
2767:Linuz
2699:Linuz
2680:WP:OR
2635:Linuz
2577:Linuz
2513:Seppi
2443:Seppi
2413:Seppi
2304:Seppi
2288:, or
2221:Seppi
2180:Seppi
1810:Seppi
1773:Linuz
1734:Seppi
1610:|ans=
1600:This
1543:Linuz
1484:and "
1416:|ans=
1406:This
1369:oldid
1346:oldid
580:This
545:brain
322:color
238:Index
216:Wiley
108:Seek
3204:talk
3183:talk
3159:talk
3151:Done
3135:talk
3105:talk
3092:GPCR
3065:Re:
3045:talk
2915:talk
2901:Wiki
2874:talk
2802:talk
2776:talk
2762:Wiki
2746:talk
2723:talk
2708:talk
2694:Wiki
2665:talk
2644:talk
2630:Wiki
2626:. --
2622:See
2613:talk
2586:talk
2572:Wiki
2556:talk
2541:talk
2501:talk
2472:talk
2396:and
2384:and
2359:talk
2249:talk
2208:talk
2088:MDMA
1945:MDMA
1839:talk
1782:talk
1768:Wiki
1714:talk
1672:Done
1656:talk
1574:talk
1552:talk
1538:Wiki
1531:Done
1515:talk
1381:diff
1375:) â
1358:diff
1352:) â
1310:and
1291:The
1141:High
1111:and
888:High
777:High
688:High
412:Date
209:Trip
183:Gale
175:DOAJ
97:and
2834:or
2517:333
2447:333
2417:333
2308:333
2225:333
2184:333
2073:LSD
1814:333
1760:to
1738:333
1608:or
1414:or
1313:CDC
977:Mid
532:Ice
223:TWL
3225::
3206:)
3185:)
3161:)
3137:)
3122:]
3107:)
3047:)
2918:)
2876:)
2840:no
2804:)
2779:)
2748:)
2725:)
2711:)
2667:)
2647:)
2615:)
2589:}
2558:)
2543:)
2529:)
2526:2¢
2503:)
2474:)
2459:)
2456:2¢
2429:)
2426:2¢
2361:)
2320:)
2317:2¢
2284:,
2280:,
2268:,
2264:,
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