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mission, although it doesn't have a clear definition. It just means larger than the missions which are part of a series or program, like
Explorer, Discovery or New Frontiers missions. In terms of selection, NAS (National Academy of Sciences) doesn't select any missions; they just write reports which recommend things. Nor does headquarters direct missions, in the sense of directly managing them. The distinction is that, for a program like Discovery, a teams of scientists can propose just about anything which addresses scientific questions identified in things like a Decadal Survey report. That could be a mission to Venus or to an asteroid or to the Moon. If selected, the team is responsible for developing, managing and operating the mission. For a "directed" mission, headquarters selects the target and the science goals and assigns development, management and operations to a NASA center. This is discussed in the last paragraph of the lead and the first paragraph of the "History" section. But the wording and phrasing isn't as clear as it could be.
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largest missions are in terms of cost, and understand what constitute large, medium-size, and small missions within their respective divisions, although they may struggle with the definition of “strategic.” Within astrophysics and planetary science, the large strategic missions are usually in excess of $ 1 billion. Within Earth science and heliophysics, the large strategic missions are usually in excess of $ 500 million. Within planetary science, “medium-size” missions cost approximately $ 1 billion, whereas “small” missions cost approximately $ 500 million. This is in contrast to Earth science and heliophysics, where “small” missions are generally defined as less than $ 250 million." (
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720:"Within astrophysics and planetary science, the large strategic missions are usually in excess of $ 1 billion. Within Earth science and heliophysics, the large strategic missions are usually in excess of $ 500 million. Within planetary science, “medium-size” missions cost approximately $ 1 billion, whereas “small” missions cost approximately $ 500 million. This is in contrast to Earth science and heliophysics, where “small” missions are generally defined as less than $ 250 million."
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445:, "Two large strategic heliophysics missions now in development are the Parker Solar Probe and the European Space Agency (ESA)’s Solar Orbiter, which includes NASA participation." The other missions are also described or suggested as flagships by this report. BatteryIncluded also added "Astrobiology" as a primary science division to several missions, but
685:.) But having reread that sentence, I'm no longer sure what it suggests about SOFIA, so I'm happy to have it removed. For PACE: PACE is not cancelled. Trump zeroed it out of his proposed FY 2019 budget, but it remains to be seen if the final budget will include it. Trump zeroed it out of FY 2018 too, and Congress added it back in the enacted budget. --
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It was originally titled
Flagship missions, but "Large strategic missions" is the technical term NASA uses and a National Academies study on the subject emphasized this, so the title was changed. I agree that adding "NASA's" to the title would make sense. "Large" refers to the budget and scope of the
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The exact list is ambiguous, since NASA has never officially used the term "flagship" mission, and that's what a large strategic mission amounts to. Before
Discovery and New Frontiers, every NASA mission was either an Explorer or a strategic mission. But not necessarily a large one. Even today, there
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This explanation above is wonderful. Can you get a reference for that? We should include it. I have been following the developments (discoveries) of space missions for a few decades and I was under the impression all
Flagship were $ 1B and above. Other people may have the same misconception. Cheers,
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office, but their web page doesn't use the exact phrase "Large strategic science mission" anywhere. They talk about "large, strategic missions of national importance", but that's used as a description, not a title. And the Solar System
Exploration Program is only responsible for planetary missions.
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With regards to
Spitzer specifically not being large, I am just directly quoting the NAS. "NASA’s Great Observatories program established in the 1980s was centered on the development of several large strategic missions: the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the
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We are rebuilding that section below in this page. ICESat, Aqua, Aura, Terra and Parker were added back with references. I found no references of
Compton, Sofia airplane, being a Flagship. PACE was canceled by Trump. The "astrobiology" thing, was my a mistake because I thought the column was about
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is its own line item and run directly out of headquarters. A recent SMD study on the subject was just called the "Large
Mission Study" and its report described them as "the largest and most ambitious strategic missions are often denoted as "flagships" or “large strategic missions"." (quotes in the
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once the concept was developed into actual mission proposals, without this page going away). Now, the lead seems to make the page about something more general, which is incorrect. I still think the merge is appropriate, and the history of these missions should be included on the target page, given
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Generally agreed. While these things are judgment calls, I think we should defer to the judgment of the
National Academies or other authorities when possible. "Although the terminology can seem confusing to outsiders, within the science disciplines most members of the community understand what the
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Article name "Large strategic science missions" now seems too general. Maybe it started as a NASA specific "Flagship program" or "Flagship mission" but now it seems worldwide and should include ESA and China unless we augment the name with " of NASA" or " (NASA)" or prefix it with "NASA's ". - My
681:.) For SOFIA: I think I was using, "Currently, NASA’s Astrophysics Science Division operates two large strategic missions, both in extended mission operation: the HST and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, as well as the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) airborne observatory." (
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I'm not suggesting another table, and we should certainly go by any official statement from NASA. But there are a fair number of borderline missions (in terms of cost) which NASA never really said, "This is a flagship" or "This is not a flagship." It isn't clear how we should classify borderline
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We shouldn't get too exact about the budgets. New
Frontiers missions can be a little bit over that $ 1 billion value, and I don't think any planetary flagship has been under $ 2 billion. Just because Spitzer's budget ended up under $ 1 billion doesn't clearly disqualify it as "large." And, if we
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If a true joint mission, yes. If it is just an instrument for another agency (Announcement of Opportunity), I don't think we should equate them to full missions; in addition, including minor contributions would inflate and dilute the list of actual NASA Flagship missions (Large Strategic Science
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As far as "Astrobiology" is concerned, no. It's not a NASA science division. If that's how we're classifying large strategic missions, astrobiology has no more place there than geology or magnetospheric physics. Since the article says NASA usually only flies one per division per decade, that's
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Flagship missions aren't really a "program", just a set of individual and (usually) unrelated missions. There no program office within NASA, and they are selected, approved and funded independently of each other. There's no expectation the next one will happen on any particular schedule and no
1992:. This page offers little information, much of which is already available on the target page and elsewhere, or is out of date. The capitalized title seems to refer to a specific mission concept, but there is no such mission concept, and when there is, it will have a specific name, such as
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Spitzer Observatory, and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. (Spitzer’s original development cost was over $ 2 billion, but because of redesign, it was reduced to approximately $ 720 million, making it a medium-size strategic mission.)" I'm more than happy to consider contradictory sources. --
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Thanks. For Compton: "NASA’s Great Observatories program established in the 1980s was centered on the development of several large strategic missions: the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the Spitzer Observatory, and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory."
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equivalent to a Discovery 15 or a New Frontiers 5. The term is more used as a catch-all category for very large missions which are initiated by NASA management directive rather a call for proposals and a competitive selection. I don't think the structure of this article reflects that.
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I can put in some of the heliophysics large strategic missions (MMS, Solar Probe Plu, etc.) I'm not sure how to handle Earth sciences. I think their strategic missions tend to constellations rather than single spacecraft. Also, do we want the list ordered by date or science division?
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Table is very useful - but "Mission Start" is presumably launch date. The development and build will have started much earlier. Is there a decision point that indicates intention-to-build that we could also include - maybe around PDRÂ ? I'm hoping we can include another column. -
495:, for example, was a large mission but it was primarily an ESA mission, not a NASA one. NASA made a strategic decision to be involved by providing the RTG, some instruments, and a few other things. So NASA's involvement wasn't "large". The same is true of
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are small strategic missions. Strategic just means NASA headquarters decided to fly a mission with those specific science objectives, as opposed to selecting among many proposals which can do anything to achieve some higher level NASA science goals.
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I have extensively updated the introduction and mission list (and moved the page) to clarify that the Flagship Program doesn't exist and that flagships exist outside the planetary science directorate. My primary source was the NAP's
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really wanted to be exact about the cost numbers, we ought to be adjusting for inflation. I'm fairly sure Voyager wasn't over $ 1 billion in FY77 dollars, but with four decades of inflation, it would be in FY18 dollars.
2101:"Large" here means costly ? and "strategic" means HQ-directed (rather than NAS selected?) ? - Is this article about NASA strategy or NASA use of budgets - eg should we discuss how project choices affect each other ? -
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adding NASA to the title (though this version could be made a redirect). The current title is the official name for the program, it is not some descriptive title that we made up at WP and should be kept per
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program. While international, the NASA involvement was both quite large and strategic. But it was actually a set of significantly different missions and spacecraft designed to operate simultaneously.
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probably how we should do it. But if we do split the list up by science divisions, then an extra column with the primary focus of the mission (astrobiology, geology, etc.) might not be a bad idea.
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with an original budget that would have qualified it as a large mission. Downscoped to a (largish) medium mission. I think it should be at least mentioned in the article, as it is now.
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I don't think that's true. NASA doesn't have a formal program for large strategic missions, at least not in the sense of the Discover, New Frontiers or Explorer programs. There is a
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cases when we don't have a official statement from NASA. Especially when we have no idea what those $ 1 billion and $ 500 million figures mean (in terms of inflation and which FY.)
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to be their current flagship. The list of examples is all from the planetary science division, with the exception of Chandra, which is astrophysics. That's a little inconsistent.
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removed the following missions: Ulysses, Compton, Terra, Aqua, Aura, SDO, Sofia, MMS, Parker, PACE. I believe all these are flagships, and all should be restored. For example,
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I deleted several missions that are not of the "Large" Flagship Program; several small Earth and Sun satellites, and JUICE, which is not even NASA's, but a European mission.
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By the way, NilsTycho, thank you for correcting the scope and the meaning of Flagship missions. You have been a great catalyst to correct and update this article. Cheers,
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Lets use this space to gather the past and future Flagship missions per Science Division: astrophysics, Earth science, heliophysics and planetary science divisions.
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536:. But NASA doesn't officially hang a "large" or "small" label on missions, so it's a but of a judgement call. Personally, I'm really unsure of things like the
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1852:- A strategic directed mission that's not quite large enough to be "large" and started life under the HEOMD instead of the SMD. I don't think it qualifies.
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1836:- Named by National Academy report as a joint flagship, but appears to be an M-class ("medium") ESA mission. Probably not worthy of inclusion after all.
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I don't think we should make another table listing missions that could have been Flagship/Large. Either NASA calls then Flagship/Large or not. Cheers,
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Proposed: Erring on the side of inclusivity, we should include joint flagships, such as Ulysses and Solar Orbiter, and mark them as such. --
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uses "large strategic mission" as a colloquial phrase on the same level as "flagship". Also the NAS report on the subject was titled
1996:. I see very little use for this page, and efforts at compiling and updating information on this topic should be directed elsewhere.
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the ongoing discussions.
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Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
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Yes, I think ordered by science division would be most appropriate. I am aware the list is incomplete. Thank,
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Also, each of NASA's science divisions has their own flagships. For example, Heliophysics consideres the
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To be more clear, this page was originally created to discuss the joint mission concept that became the
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FWIW, NAS says "Spitzer is a medium-size mission, whereas NuSTAR, Fermi, Kepler, and Swift are smaller."
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Large strategic missions from other divisions are under different offices; the
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Lets list these borderline missions and assess their inclusion in the article:
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Some of the deleted missions are what I'd call "large" strategic ones, such as
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Astronomers Will Fight to Save WFIRST Space Telescope from Being Axed
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the science scope, not the science division. I just deleted that.
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions (2017)
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choice would be adding " of NASA". Any objections to that ? -
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BatteryIncluded removed Parker with the comment "no it is not"
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306:"NASA shelves ambitious — and expensive — flagship missions"
841:(HABEx), the Large Ultraviolet/Optical/Infrared Surveyor (
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Missions) as intended in this Knowledge article. Cheers,
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Powering Science: NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions
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Start-Class United States articles of Unknown-importance
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Article name now seems too general - propose to add NASA
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Yes, this seems to me like a reasonable distinction. --
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Please feel free to overhaul this article. Thank you.
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NASA Flagship Planetary Missions on Hold Indefinitely
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section.
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Flagship U.S. space telescope facing further delays
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1552:"NASA Considers Its Next Flagship Space Telescope"
275:This article has not yet received a rating on the
1651:. Edward S. Goldstein and Tabatha Thompson, NASA.
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1649:Earth Science: NASA's Mission to Our Home Planet
2031:, and the TSSM is likely to evolve into a more
1965:. Consensus to merge without any objections.
1957:A summary of the conclusions reached follows.
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1416:Solar System Programs: Outer Planets Flagship
832:Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST)
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1666:. (PDF.) Michael Amato, NASA. March 2013.
1383:Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem
897:- Flagship at Living With a Star program
2035:-focused mission, given the approval of
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975:Here is a table draft for your review: -
1830:- NASA provided RTG and launch vehicle.
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538:International Solar-Terrestrial Physics
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1805:- Non-NASA refs calling it "Flagship:
1629:Terra: Earth Observing System Flagship
1664:NASA Missions: From Concept to Launch
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1948:The following discussion is closed.
1191:Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope
208:This article is within the scope of
106:This article is within the scope of
2234:Mid-importance spaceflight articles
2190:original) That makes it sound like
1727:Columns in table - eg Mission Start
1211:Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission
839:Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission
447:Astrobiology is not an SMD division
255:Knowledge:WikiProject United States
49:It is of interest to the following
2259:WikiProject United States articles
2244:Start-Class United States articles
1961:The result of this discussion was
889:Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
258:Template:WikiProject United States
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1280:Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
800:Mars Science Laboratory/Curiosity
334:Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
126:Knowledge:WikiProject Spaceflight
2239:WikiProject Spaceflight articles
2229:Start-Class spaceflight articles
2200:Large Strategic Science Missions
2170:Solar System Exploration Program
2073:The discussion above is closed.
1990:Large strategic science missions
1203:Competing projects for the next
992:Large Strategic Science Missions
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129:Template:WikiProject Spaceflight
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1803:Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
1550:Scoles, Sarah (30 March 2016).
912:Solar Orbiter (Joint ESA-NASA)
862:Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
146:This article has been rated as
856:Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
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2179:Heliophysics Science Division
2012:Europa Jupiter System Mission
1986:Outer Planet Flagship Mission
1453:American Institute of Physics
1140:Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
120:and see a list of open tasks.
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1850:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
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1614:The National Academies Press
1598:The National Academies Press
1582:The National Academies Press
1506:The National Academies Press
1490:The National Academies Press
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1369:Joint Polar Satellite System
928:Joint Polar Satellite System
907:Parker Solar Probe (future)
771:Flagship by Science Division
2016:Titan Saturn System Mission
1009:Planetary Science Division
821:Chandra X-Ray Obeservatory
443:the NAP report I cited says
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2075:Please do not modify it.
1994:Uranus orbiter and probe
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1371:(JPSS) - a constellation
809:Europa Lander (proposed)
216:United States of America
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39:This article is rated
2148:New Frontiers program
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487:Most of the missions
18:Talk:Flagship Program
1691:This looks great! --
489:User:BatteryIncluded
435:User:BatteryIncluded
324:Not really a program
203:United States portal
132:spaceflight articles
2058:Sounds good to me.
1984:I propose to merge
1556:Scientific American
1540:. 15 February 2018.
1222:Lynx X-ray Surveyor
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2196:Powering Science:
2183:Living with a Star
2175:Parker Solar Probe
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101:Spaceflight portal
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1559:. Retrieved
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1320:Operational
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1288:Operational
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1261:Operational
1173:Operational
1160:Operational
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1091:Operational
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1041:Operational
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1004:Mission end
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797:Voyager 1, 2
774:
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240:Project Talk
228:
209:
147:
107:
51:WikiProjects
1633:Space Today
1241:Under study
794:Viking 1, 2
441:. However,
123:Spaceflight
114:spaceflight
70:Spaceflight
41:Start-class
2223:Categories
1682:. Page 14.
1616:. Page 16.
1584:. Page 17.
1561:2017-10-15
1508:. Page 27.
1476:. Page 25.
1439:. Page 37.
1397:References
2060:Dan Bloch
2039:to study
2037:Dragonfly
2033:Enceladus
1924:NilsTycho
1783:NilsTycho
1753:NilsTycho
1693:NilsTycho
1600:. Page 2.
1492:. Page 1.
1082:Curiosity
745:NilsTycho
687:NilsTycho
631:NilsTycho
534:Van Allen
451:NilsTycho
376:NilsTycho
374:(2017).--
2152:Mdewman6
2150:either.
2045:Mdewman6
2014:and the
1998:Mdewman6
1967:Mdewman6
1193:(WFIRST)
1127:Proposed
1828:Ulysses
1213:(HabEx)
1063:Cassini
1048:Galileo
1032:Voyager
845:), the
791:Galileo
788:Cassini
493:Ulysses
150:on the
2204:Fcrary
2198:NASA's
2135:oppose
2119:Fcrary
1901:Fcrary
1860:Fcrary
1418:. NASA
1385:(PACE)
1341:ICESat
1282:(MMS)
1231:ATLAST
1227:LUVOIR
1016:Viking
941:ICESat
926:JPSS (
849:, and
843:LUVOIR
683:Source
679:Source
627:Source
592:Fcrary
405:Fcrary
340:Fcrary
245:Alerts
47:scale.
2103:Rod57
2089:Rod57
2041:Titan
2020:split
1963:merge
1734:Rod57
1538:Space
1348:2010
1312:Terra
1147:2000
1084:rover
1071:2017
1056:2003
1025:1982
990:NASA
967:Terra
935:PACE
629:.) --
546:Polar
501:JUICE
2208:talk
2192:NASA
2187:JWST
2156:talk
2123:talk
2107:talk
2093:talk
2064:talk
2049:talk
2027:and
2002:talk
1971:talk
1928:talk
1905:talk
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1864:talk
1842:- A
1787:talk
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1697:talk
1374:2011
1360:2004
1355:Aura
1345:2003
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1327:Aqua
1317:1999
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1233:and
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949:Aqua
749:talk
743:. --
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668:talk
635:talk
596:talk
542:Wind
499:and
455:talk
423:talk
409:talk
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344:talk
314:talk
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
