1374:
plays the lower notes. The two instruments in the picture in the middle should be tenor, The one on the left alto, and the one on the right base. Currently the caption says the one on the left is one of the tenor instruments. Considering the one third from the left is shorter than the first on the left I believe it should be the tenor along with the second from the left. It should read from left to right alto, tenor, tenor, bass. I have never edited a caption to a picture so I'll leave this to someone with some experience.
71:
53:
482:
162:
464:
141:
267:
246:
277:
22:
81:
492:
172:
569:- the sackbut is not really a distinct instrument from the trombone, but just an old English name for it. Of course, the kind of thing that is referred to as a "sackbut" differs from the modern trombone somewhat, because, like almost all instruments, it has evolved - but I think old versions of the trombone are better covered under
805:
is relevant to 16th century choir, wind and continuo instruments, but it does extract the specific information related to performance practise relevant to music trombonists look at. So I think it all has value in being here, rather than being scattered amongst related articles and losing the trombone specifics.
804:
The section on articulation is unique to wind instruments; the comments on improvisation give examples directly to do with trombone groups; the notes about temperament lead to a specific discussion of trombone tunings; notes on editions directly mention trombone. Granted the paragraph on musica ficta
1373:
I suspect the first picture in the article has a caption needing correction, was probably posted from elsewhere with an incorrect caption and the mistake was not noticed when the article was first published. According to my experience with instruments and the laws of physics, the longer instrument
602:
I completely disagree. As you can see, other users have been editing this. The sackbut is a legitimate historical instrument, which differs enough from the trombone in use and sound that it merits its own article, unless at the trombone article want every section to have "but the historic trombone
674:
Yes, I realize that you had no intention to denigrate the sagbutt. And it is food for thought. I did think about how I wouldn't want all mention of the history of the trombone to be purged from the main trombone article. I guess I'm thinking of this as something of a daughter article of trombone,
1165:
for the statement that it was "the first brass or wind" to be able to do that. Portamento does not appear in all vocal music traditions; for example, straight tone without portamento, melisma or vibrato may be found in some Balkan singing, as well as some
British traditional part-singing (or pub
617:
I certainly did not intend to claim that this is not a "legitimate historical instrument" or anything to that effect. That was not the point of my suggestion. I was however fairly sure at the time that there was a precedent for having a single article for a single instrument, including all its
1147:, or just to have instruments able to imitate it if/when required. Or at least this is how I read it... I'll be even bolder and mini-edit the article: as usual, should either or both of you feel I completely misunderstood the point in question, edit back or forward and carry on as you were.
442:
Btw, I think a separate article on "sackbut" is just fine. One thing to consider is that sometimes musical scores are labelled "for sackbut, ... etc". It's hard to guess for the uninitiated that the sackbut, sacbout etc. is kind of a trombone. (For many years I thought it was a bagpipe!).
1332:
Maybe the intended meaning was scales of a certain length. But that would depend on the ability of the player to play high notes (where harmonics are closer) and the tuning of the instrument as well as on specific geometric measures of instrument and player. We would need a citation for
738:
This is a mistranslation in your bible. The original text refers to buccina - straight natural trumpets. Technology to successfully bend tubes and make a slide, and hence make a double-slided wind instrument (i.e. sackbut/trombone) came in around the 14th century.
355:
723:
Are you sure that counts as "long before the middle ages"? In the New
American Standard the sackbut becomes a trigon, and is altogether left out of God's Word(R) Translation. Compare the cornet: it's a horn in NAS and a ram's horn in GWT.
1143:. So a glissando-friendly instrument was better than a discrete-pitch one in the specific task of providing a more "natural sounding" unison reinforcement to sung parts in vocal ensembles, due to human voice being naturally prone to
940:
This is the source of your misunderstanding, presumably the meaning of the term "double"/"to double". "Double" means "play the same notes & rhythm as" (ie, monophony) not "play different notes & rhythm as" (ie, polyphony).
695:. I dunno about when exactly a sackbut should be called a trombone (When it's in Italy! Hah!). I perhaps wrote more intensely than I meant to because I didn't want to see this good (IMHO) article suddenly turned into a redirect.
580:
Apparently this was a redirect since
December 2002 (when the above was posted), until an anonymous user created an article in March this year, with no further explanation. I see no reason why any of this should not be at
1343:
tried to explain, there is no reason a slide is required for doubling an instrumental part in unison or at other intervals. That this claim is still in the lede despite his patient explanations is a shame. —
1091:
I have played in a small chorus of natural horns, without using valves. Intonation may be adjusted to a limited extend by lipping. It may also be adjusted, I presume, with mouthpiece (and perhaps
1511:
1516:
911:
More clearly: why was a brass slide needed before multiple voicing became possible? Natural horns don't always have to play in unison. Winds are another question: the oldest undisputed
538:
573:
than here (especially as other languages - as far as I know - do not have separate names for modern and ancient forms of the instrument, and as there's almost nothing here anyway). --
103:
1230:"The trombone was used both as a doubling instrument and as a soloist ....Apparently the French used it only as a doubling instrument or bass instrument." Guion (1988), p.5&7.
918:
Obviously we cannot place a date on the first part-singing, but the claim that the sackbut is the "first brass or wind" playing multi-voiced music needs citation or removal. __
1491:
544:
436:
It is common in these groups to use the D and A positions, rather than transposing the parts up a half step, which helps avoid problems with tuning temperaments.
228:
218:
1298:
The claim about chromaticism and doubling voices, which was discussed in 2011 in the previous section, is still in the lede. Its current incarnation reads "Unlike the earlier
654:
article talks about, in the history section, the trombone in the
Renaissance and the Baroque, which is what this article is supposed to be about. Should we remove this from
862:
Can someone explain or expand "first brass or wind to obtain chromaticism and double voices" as found in the lead? Chromaticism is clear enough, but "double voices"? __
585:
instead; separate articles create nothing but confusion. I propose a merge. I'll wait for a while to see if anyone is watching this page before taking further action.
1419:
This is vague, unsupported, and doesn't add anything of value to the article. To the extent that it means anything, it's probably false. I'd propose just deleting it.
827:
vs. {{wikicite}}? {{wikicite}} has historical preference, so unless there is objection I guess I'll try to switch this article entirely to that over a hodgepodge.
514:
194:
1486:
1481:
1050:, is a form of monophony? Do you realize that there are other ways to adjust the intonation of a brass instrument, than pushing or pulling a slide? __
505:
469:
185:
146:
1501:
1325:
Assuming what is meant is just "capable of playing chromatic scales". Still, it doesn't make sense, since any slide instrument can play chromatic
333:
323:
1336:
The word "accurate" is patently false; the same mechanical advantage that allows a wider spread actually decreases precision by the same factor.
1123:
Ahem... I think the misunderstanding about "double voices" was as much in "double" (verb, not noun - later clarified by
Hyacinth by using "doubl
782:
Section seven (performance practice) has little to do with the sackbutt, I suggest that it should be deleted or moved to a different article.
1214:"the trombone...fills in notes that, before the invention of valves, were impossible on the other brass instruments." Guion, David M. (1988).
1506:
381:
107:
94:
58:
806:
763:
740:
1353:
Also, when discussing trombones a "double slide" normally means a slide with four limbs, as in some contrabass trombones, not two limbs.
658:? Indeed, when, exactly, does the sackbut turn into the trombone? The border between these two articles is fuzzy. Some food for thought.
1148:
789:
413:
1180:
Thinking about singers hitting their notes "as they are paid to do," and not sliding all around them, I went looking... there is the
1222:
675:
where the most essential points should still be addressed within the trombone article, but not in as much detail. In addition, oboe-
299:
1235:"The use of the trombone to double voices was too commonplace for most eighteenth-century writers to mention." Guion (1988), p.47.
1095:)) seating adjustments, if horn construction permits. In neither case are valves or slides needed to play in tune with others. __
1496:
1196:
2000 years old, according to the linked sources in that article, is usually played in pairs, and may also accompany singers. __
719:
Update
October 28, 2007: The sackbut is mentioned long before the middle ages, specifically in Daniel 3:5 (King James Version).
1318:
The wording "fully chromatic" appears to be an invention by whoever wrote it; I've never heard of it, and it's not covered at
389:
893:
It's like if one of my friends says they don't get 2+2=4, I don't know what more to break down for them. Did my edits at
290:
251:
33:
1416:"Musicians of the 16th and 17th centuries benefited from a broader base of skills than the average performer today."
915:"is made from a vulture's wing bone perforated with five finger holes, and dates to approximately 35,000 years ago."
1446:
646:, the violin family, and so forth; all of which have changed at least as much as the trombone. Should we aim for a
1283:
1201:
1171:
1100:
1055:
1026:
964:
923:
867:
959:, but no matter. There is no reason a slide is required for doubling an instrumental part in unison, either. __
406:
PLEASE don't remove stuff which doesn't make sense - it is probably correct, but just needs more explanation.
810:
767:
744:
1152:
417:
793:
1319:
1307:
729:
450:
86:
1442:
1244:
39:
1340:
1279:
1197:
1167:
1096:
1051:
1022:
960:
919:
863:
785:
759:
446:
409:
1456:
1434:
1420:
1354:
430:==Pitch== ... Slide position charts for tenor trombones suggests trombones were pitched in
21:
1460:
1424:
1398:
1358:
630:, perhaps justifying, to some extent, this article. However, we still have one single article for
513:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
298:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
193:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
1401:
1345:
1311:
1260:
1082:
1012:
994:
946:
912:
902:
882:
848:
832:
510:
190:
1455:
Done. The following sentence, now the first in that section, was edited slightly in accordance.
756:
yeah the book of Daniel takes place in
Babylon under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar....that's old
373:
1219:
725:
664:
591:
377:
106:
for writing and maintaining articles. To participate, you can edit this article or visit the
797:
699:
607:
1047:
894:
623:
99:
1438:
683:, flute is already a sort of catchall article with its own category, and violin family-
574:
1475:
1326:
1299:
1256:
1078:
1008:
1004:
990:
942:
898:
878:
844:
828:
282:
70:
52:
1162:
1161:
That does shed a different light on it, and a helpful one, thanks. We still need a
1139:
1133:
659:
619:
586:
497:
177:
1270:
I missed the part in all that where it says that the trombone or sackbut was the "
354:
102:, that are not covered by other classical music related projects. Please read the
1322:. What is this meant to contrast with? "Half chromatic" or "partially chromatic"?
1192:. That last double-reed ancestral oboe came along well before the sackbut. It is
1003:"Not with your laptop" meant "not today"/"not anymore, since we have things like
98:, which aims to improve, expand, copy edit, and maintain all articles related to
696:
604:
427:
I had to remove parts in the "Pitch" paragraph which did not make sense. Vide:
1144:
627:
487:
481:
463:
272:
167:
161:
140:
76:
1294:
Claim about chromaticism and doubling voices still makes no sense as of 2016
956:
266:
245:
454:
439:
I'm afraid this doesn't make sense neither. What was intented to be said?
421:
1218:, 1697-1811, p.60. Musicology: A Book Series, Vol. VI. Gordon and Breach.
1092:
655:
651:
603:
blah". That has its merit, but this seems like too much info to do that.
582:
570:
566:
559:
692:
680:
635:
1252:
1248:
688:
650:
for every instrument with any history to speak of? I don't know. The
295:
1240:
1189:
1185:
1181:
684:
676:
639:
643:
631:
1464:
1450:
1441:
and delete it, I agree I've not come across that idea so far.—
1428:
1406:
1362:
1348:
1287:
1264:
1205:
1175:
1156:
1104:
1086:
1059:
1030:
1016:
998:
968:
950:
927:
906:
886:
871:
852:
836:
814:
771:
748:
733:
704:
669:
612:
596:
349:
15:
433:
Was this supposed to mean "pitched in A"? Does someone know?
1329:, so there is no distinction from a single slide instrument.
618:
history. Looking twice, though, I see separate articles for
1239:
Have you ever asked yourself the difference between the
509:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
294:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
189:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
1077:Do you realize there is something called history?
543:This article has not yet received a rating on the
1512:Knowledge requested audio of musical instruments
1517:Unknown-importance musical instruments articles
1306:slide, which makes it capable of playing fully
1302:from which it evolved, the sackbut possesses a
1048:octave doubling, or doubling at other intervals
1131:": I dare interpret the word as referring to
8:
1492:Low-importance musical instruments articles
777:
757:
458:
240:
135:
47:
1310:scales, and allows for easy and accurate
1021:That made absolutely no sense at all. __
523:Knowledge:WikiProject Musical Instruments
203:Knowledge:WikiProject Musical Instruments
1314:of voices." This still makes no sense:
526:Template:WikiProject Musical Instruments
206:Template:WikiProject Musical Instruments
460:
242:
137:
49:
19:
116:Knowledge:WikiProject Classical music
7:
1487:B-Class musical instruments articles
1482:WikiProject Classical music articles
503:This article is within the scope of
288:This article is within the scope of
183:This article is within the scope of
119:Template:WikiProject Classical music
92:This article is within the scope of
1216:The Trombone: Its History and Music
1137:(as in: produced by larynxes), not
38:It is of interest to the following
1278:" to be able to double voices. __
1166:singing) if I am not mistaken. __
14:
989:Not with your laptop, obviously.
841:Never mind, I prefer <ref: -->
386:the way it sounds or alters sound
360:It is requested that one or more
490:
480:
462:
380:and included in this article to
353:
275:
265:
244:
170:
160:
139:
79:
69:
51:
20:
825:Any preference for <ref: -->
506:WikiProject Musical Instruments
328:This article has been rated as
223:This article has been rated as
186:WikiProject Musical Instruments
1502:Low-importance France articles
778:'Performance practice' section
565:I'm going to redirect this to
390:Knowledge:Requested recordings
1:
1363:20:55, 10 December 2017 (UTC)
877:What do you mean by explain?
815:14:14, 19 November 2010 (UTC)
798:03:03, 28 February 2009 (UTC)
772:14:02, 11 November 2019 (UTC)
749:14:14, 19 November 2010 (UTC)
597:20:53, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
517:and see a list of open tasks.
302:and see a list of open tasks.
197:and see a list of open tasks.
1507:All WikiProject France pages
1288:23:57, 9 February 2011 (UTC)
1265:23:41, 9 February 2011 (UTC)
1206:20:58, 6 February 2011 (UTC)
1176:20:26, 6 February 2011 (UTC)
1157:19:35, 6 February 2011 (UTC)
1105:23:57, 9 February 2011 (UTC)
1087:23:20, 9 February 2011 (UTC)
1060:19:59, 5 February 2011 (UTC)
1031:19:21, 5 February 2011 (UTC)
1017:23:18, 9 February 2011 (UTC)
999:18:22, 5 February 2011 (UTC)
969:21:03, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
951:20:43, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
928:19:48, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
907:18:30, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
887:18:19, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
872:17:52, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
853:15:57, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
837:15:13, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
529:musical instruments articles
455:14:05, 10 January 2008 (UTC)
422:16:40, 13 January 2008 (UTC)
308:Knowledge:WikiProject France
209:musical instruments articles
1369:First picture caption wrong
1349:18:58, 3 January 2016 (UTC)
955:I was thinking in terms of
311:Template:WikiProject France
95:WikiProject Classical music
1533:
705:19:53, 12 March 2006 (UTC)
670:12:42, 12 March 2006 (UTC)
613:22:11, 11 March 2006 (UTC)
545:project's importance scale
401:
334:project's importance scale
229:project's importance scale
1465:20:51, 20 June 2022 (UTC)
1451:20:22, 20 June 2022 (UTC)
1429:15:51, 20 June 2022 (UTC)
542:
475:
392:for more on this request.
327:
260:
222:
155:
64:
46:
1407:15:00, 16 May 2021 (UTC)
734:19:54, 27 May 2009 (UTC)
122:Classical music articles
1497:B-Class France articles
1320:Diatonic and chromatic
87:Classical music portal
28:This article is rated
1245:Western concert flute
1412:Superfluous sentence
1046:Are you saying that
520:Musical Instruments
511:musical instruments
470:Musical Instruments
382:improve its quality
200:Musical Instruments
191:musical instruments
147:Musical Instruments
821:References/Sources
402:Doesn't make sense
366:musical instrument
291:WikiProject France
34:content assessment
1184:, related to the
913:paleolithic flute
788:comment added by
774:
762:comment added by
715:Sackbut invention
668:
595:
555:
554:
551:
550:
424:
412:comment added by
396:
395:
384:by demonstrating
378:Wikimedia Commons
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
339:
239:
238:
235:
234:
134:
133:
130:
129:
110:for more details.
1524:
1437:feel free to be
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
800:
702:
662:
610:
589:
531:
530:
527:
524:
521:
500:
495:
494:
493:
484:
477:
476:
466:
459:
407:
357:
350:
316:
315:
312:
309:
306:
285:
280:
279:
278:
269:
262:
261:
256:
248:
241:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
180:
175:
174:
173:
164:
157:
156:
151:
143:
136:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
89:
84:
83:
82:
73:
66:
65:
55:
48:
31:
25:
24:
16:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1472:
1471:
1414:
1404:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1341:Just plain Bill
1296:
1280:Just plain Bill
1198:Just plain Bill
1168:Just plain Bill
1163:reliable source
1097:Just plain Bill
1052:Just plain Bill
1023:Just plain Bill
961:Just plain Bill
920:Just plain Bill
895:voicing (music)
864:Just plain Bill
860:
823:
783:
780:
717:
700:
624:natural trumpet
608:
563:
528:
525:
522:
519:
518:
496:
491:
489:
437:
431:
404:
314:France articles
313:
310:
307:
304:
303:
281:
276:
274:
254:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
176:
171:
169:
149:
121:
118:
115:
113:Classical music
112:
111:
100:classical music
85:
80:
78:
59:Classical music
32:on Knowledge's
29:
12:
11:
5:
1530:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1413:
1410:
1402:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1351:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1178:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1001:
978:
977:
976:
975:
974:
973:
972:
971:
933:
932:
931:
930:
916:
890:
889:
859:
856:
822:
819:
818:
817:
807:81.178.215.148
779:
776:
764:66.189.207.179
754:
753:
752:
751:
741:81.178.215.148
716:
713:
712:
711:
710:
709:
708:
707:
579:
562:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
541:
535:
534:
532:
515:the discussion
502:
501:
485:
473:
472:
467:
435:
429:
403:
400:
398:
394:
393:
358:
346:
345:
342:
341:
338:
337:
330:Low-importance
326:
320:
319:
317:
300:the discussion
287:
286:
270:
258:
257:
255:Low‑importance
249:
237:
236:
233:
232:
225:Low-importance
221:
215:
214:
212:
195:the discussion
182:
181:
165:
153:
152:
150:Low‑importance
144:
132:
131:
128:
127:
125:
91:
90:
74:
62:
61:
56:
44:
43:
37:
26:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1529:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1300:slide trumpet
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:2-88124-211-1
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:151.66.224.19
1146:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:
986:
985:
984:
983:
982:
981:
980:
979:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
953:
952:
948:
944:
939:
938:
937:
936:
935:
934:
929:
925:
921:
917:
914:
910:
909:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
891:
888:
884:
880:
876:
875:
874:
873:
869:
865:
858:Double voices
857:
855:
854:
850:
846:
842:</ref: -->
839:
838:
834:
830:
826:</ref: -->
820:
816:
812:
808:
803:
802:
801:
799:
795:
791:
790:210.246.6.133
787:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
750:
746:
742:
737:
736:
735:
731:
727:
722:
721:
720:
714:
706:
703:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
672:
671:
666:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
615:
614:
611:
606:
601:
600:
599:
598:
593:
588:
584:
577:
576:
572:
568:
561:
557:
546:
540:
537:
536:
533:
516:
512:
508:
507:
499:
488:
486:
483:
479:
478:
474:
471:
468:
465:
461:
457:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
434:
428:
425:
423:
419:
415:
414:82.27.179.146
411:
399:
391:
388:. Please see
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
356:
352:
351:
335:
331:
325:
322:
321:
318:
301:
297:
293:
292:
284:
283:France portal
273:
271:
268:
264:
263:
259:
253:
250:
247:
243:
230:
226:
220:
217:
216:
213:
196:
192:
188:
187:
179:
168:
166:
163:
159:
158:
154:
148:
145:
142:
138:
126:
109:
105:
101:
97:
96:
88:
77:
75:
72:
68:
67:
63:
60:
57:
54:
50:
45:
41:
35:
27:
23:
18:
17:
1418:
1415:
1375:
1372:
1303:
1297:
1275:
1271:
1247:? Between a
1238:
1215:
1193:
1138:
1134:human voices
1132:
1128:
1124:
1045:
861:
840:
824:
781:
758:— Preceding
755:
726:Willi Gers07
718:
648:Historical x
647:
620:natural horn
578:
564:
504:
498:Music portal
445:
441:
438:
432:
426:
405:
397:
385:
369:
365:
361:
329:
289:
224:
184:
178:Music portal
108:project page
93:
40:WikiProjects
784:—Preceding
408:—Preceding
362:audio files
1476:Categories
1435:@JohnMason
1145:portamento
1127:") as in "
679:, bassoon-
628:fortepiano
558:Redirect:
447:W Hukriede
104:guidelines
1457:JohnMason
1421:JohnMason
1355:JohnMason
1346:Sebastian
1308:chromatic
957:homophony
575:Camembert
370:component
1399:Quisizyx
1312:doubling
1257:Hyacinth
1243:and the
1194:at least
1188:and the
1093:leadpipe
1079:Hyacinth
1009:Hyacinth
991:Hyacinth
943:Hyacinth
899:Hyacinth
879:Hyacinth
845:Hyacinth
829:Hyacinth
786:unsigned
760:unsigned
656:trombone
652:trombone
583:trombone
571:trombone
567:trombone
560:Trombone
410:unsigned
374:uploaded
1439:WP:BOLD
1396:•—: -->
1276:or wind
693:violone
681:Dulcian
660:EldKatt
636:bassoon
587:EldKatt
332:on the
227:on the
30:B-class
1327:scales
1304:double
1274:brass
1253:violin
1251:and a
1249:string
1129:voices
1005:valves
897:help?
689:vielle
305:France
296:France
252:France
36:scale.
1333:that.
1272:first
1241:flute
1190:duduk
1186:zurna
1182:shawm
1140:parts
685:rebec
677:Shawm
640:flute
364:of a
1461:talk
1447:talk
1425:talk
1403:talk
1359:talk
1284:talk
1261:talk
1220:ISBN
1202:talk
1172:talk
1153:talk
1101:talk
1083:talk
1056:talk
1027:talk
1013:talk
995:talk
965:talk
947:talk
924:talk
903:talk
883:talk
868:talk
849:talk
833:talk
811:talk
794:talk
768:talk
745:talk
730:talk
665:Talk
644:harp
632:oboe
626:and
592:Talk
451:talk
418:talk
1443:Jon
1339:As
1125:ing
1007:".
701:emi
697:Mak
609:emi
605:Mak
539:???
376:to
372:be
368:or
324:Low
219:Low
1478::
1463:)
1449:)
1427:)
1361:)
1286:)
1263:)
1255:?
1204:)
1174:)
1155:)
1103:)
1085:)
1058:)
1029:)
1015:)
997:)
967:)
949:)
926:)
905:)
885:)
870:)
851:)
843:.
835:)
813:)
796:)
770:)
747:)
732:)
691:,
687:,
642:,
638:,
634:,
622:,
453:)
420:)
1459:(
1445:(
1423:(
1394:ഴ
1392:z
1390:ị
1387:δ
1384:î
1381:ψ
1378:Q
1376:☉
1357:(
1282:(
1259:(
1225:.
1200:(
1170:(
1151:(
1099:(
1081:(
1054:(
1025:(
1011:(
993:(
963:(
945:(
922:(
901:(
881:(
866:(
847:(
831:(
809:(
792:(
766:(
743:(
728:(
667:)
663:(
594:)
590:(
547:.
449:(
416:(
336:.
231:.
42::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
