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original Hebrew fell into disuse centuries before the birth of Christ but diasporans all over the world maintained their faith). From an individual viewpoint, it is possible to say you are Czech, or
Russian etc. without knowing a single word of the language: supposing a Czech couple move to the USA and raise their two children speaking to them entirely in English; this does actually happen, and the children may still feel Czech, or Czech-American, but without the language to pass down, it is unlikely that this practice will survive three generations (of Czechs only marrying other Czechs who have lost their language). Meanwhile, looking at it from the angle of an entire group of people, let us take the Rumelians of Bulgaria, united since the creation of the modern Bulgarian republic. Supposing the Rumelians claimed that they were NOT Slavic (which they don't) but descended from a group of people to occupy the Balkans some centuries earlier, called, the Rumelians, then the only way that they would have converted language to the point that their original language has been erased would be for some Slavic presence among them. Now, as there is no region today in the Slavic language countries where the majority claim to be non-Slavic and a small group of
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artificial creation. The
English expression "German" had been derived from Latin sources for historical comtemplations and examinations, regarding ancient Roman Empire. The Brits did so, while French scientists and authors preferred "allemand", when not precisely talking about ancient history such as Ceasars invasion of "Gallica" and "Germania superior". At a certain point in history, the expression in old Latin sources was used by British salesmen to distiguish between the Netherlands (Deutsch - Dutch), where the Rhine ends in the Sea, and the upper Rhineland (Deutsch - "German"), when trading goods. Step by step, English authors, historians and politicians, as well as ordinary people, joined in this use of the newly coined expression. So in fact, this expression "German" is an artificial British creation, mixing up the original content of the Latin sources with modern misconceptions. This leads to even more misconceptions, and these misconceptions affect similar creations of words, such as "Pan-Slavism". "Pan-Slavism" in a positive sense would be based on language and culture, but definitely not on violence, not on racism or nationalism, and especially
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and than killing usual people as "appropriate" and as in reach. This shows that Polish nationalism and Polish racism might be very enthusiastic about
Panslavism, but only under total Polish domination, rule or even better, total military command. Additional problem is religious: Poland always claims to be ultra-catholic, while most slavic people are orthodox. Therefore the killing of orthodox priest has been an important task in the eyes of Polish nationalists. Nevertheless, Polish elite always claimed the Polish nation to be the best of all slavic nations. Fun fact: Nobody is able to define what "slavic" truely might be, apart from similarities in slavic langugages. This is not a surprise when you look at the timeline. In fact a small group of "slavic" invaders started dominating gallo-illyric population not earlier than 6th to 8th century. "Slavisation" of Europe is relatively young and, apart from Polish or Russian made massacres, was rather based on making people share invaders' langugage than killing the original inhabitants of Central Europe.
1123:@ Simon, you consider Europeans "genetically all very similiar because europe was re-populated after the last ice age entirely from two refugia - balkans and iberia". This is not true, as there had been continous settlement in the very core of Europe, a "green belt" (no glaciers, i.e. fertile green land in summer, however with a shortend vegetation period, especially compared to the era of man-made climate change) between the Pyrenees and Ukraine. The area in the center of Europe - namely France and Germany - had been continuously populated in that time. This has been proven again and again by numerous archeological findings, and we still keep on getting new, more precise information on this. Okay, unfortunately, England had been covered with glaciers and also had been a part of the continent, in fact a "part of France" in that time. The Rhine river ended East of the highlands and mountains of to todays Scotland, which had been a complete ice desert, covered with massive glaciers, as the Gulf Stream had collapsed before...
1316:(all be it 2%) can claim to have continued their Slavic identity, it is clear that the people mixed and one group has assimilated the other! If the Slavs were originally a smaller group and now the communal name for the people is the same as that of the larger group (ie. Rumelians - bearing in mind this is only an example), one might be forgiven for assuming that the 2% Slavs were dissimilated by the 98% Rumelians, but given that it was the Rumelians who abandoned their languages, it is fairer to say that they became Slavic. So, wherever there is a Slavic language community, be it the whole of Slovakia, or the pockets of Sorbs in Germany, or the Krashovans of Romania, you can be sure that there is a line of descent in the Slavs of the first millennium AD even if this trace is thin. --
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This includes areas that became "truely Slavic soil" due to
Russian settlement policy, please take a look at the Baltics. Massive Russian domination over a non-Slavic population, step by step pushed into the role of a "weird" minority under "good Slavic rule". Original population had been killed, deported or suppressed, and forced to speak Russian. According to Russia, the Baltics therefore still are "Slavic soil". However, original population in the Baltics never accepted "Russification" of their countries, while Pan-Slavistic ideologists still wish to eliminate this original population by various means. As Russia had been the most successfull
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By the way, there is a striking example in very modern times: Take a look at the map and see what has happended to former
Prussia, especially to Kaliningrad region. Population had been killed or deported, Russian settlement policy has been implemented for decades, and surprise, surprise, this region is "Slavic soil of mother Russia" now. Only nation being completely opposed to this is Poland, because they have an anti-Russian conception of Pan-Slavism: A Pan-Slavism under strict Polish domination and rule. Related racial and colonial aspects to be included...
1781:, which excludes non-slavic territories included in the other map. Russia is not exclusevely Russian. Crimea is culturally tatar (turkic), southern Slovakia is hungarian (Finno-Ugric), northern Serbia (Vojvodina) is ethnically diverse, and Kosovo is albanian. The istria peninsula and its coasts are istriot and istro-romanian (reason why Italy demanded it after WW1), the Sudetenland was german by the time of the peak of pan-slavism, and in southern Bessarabia and northern Dobruja there's a significant bulgarian minority, which is not shown in the map
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shortly after Stalin signed a pact with Hitler and assaulted
Ukraine, Finland, the Baltics and Poland, massacring and deporting millions of people... Fun Fact: "Stalin was not a Slav" - Hitler was no German either. Mathilde Ludendorff even claimed, Hitler was a "homosexual Czech Jew, raised in Austria". Stalin had been an orthodox priest apprentice once, and so cynical in his attitudes that he used anything for his advantage he could get in his hands. Let's be realistic: These were very weird people, full of contradictions, weren't they?
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bring them more in relation with the Serbs, which in their eyes would make the Croats an easy target for assimilation in the South Slav, Yugoslav nation (hence the identical language, name giving, similar folklore to other fellow Slavs). Even today there is a slight antipathy in the rightwing, concerning the Slavs, mostly because of
Yugoslavia - since they lived for ca. 900 years in Hungary and Habsburg Empire later on, they feel more sympathy for the "Germanic Europe" instead of "Slavic one".
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level as the actual Pan-Slavism, would be a movement trying to unite all
Germanic people: Germans, Scandinavians, Dutch, English... However such a movement never existed and the very idea sounds totally unrealistic. The fact that Pan-Slavism on the other hand was a real, credible movement, whit much support in all of the respective countries makes it pretty unique. This uniqueness should be emphasized and, if possible, its causes explained.
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think that
Pilsudski wanted some sort of federation (with Poland dominating it) of former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth states (eg. Belarus, Ukraine). Eventually, he simply occupied some of those areas but otherwise they might've become parts of the USSR which he didn't want. I can't pick the sources so I'm not writing it in Knowledge but if someone were really interested the topic, they might do some research. (added by 85.221.134.193)
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1754:. There should be more facts and less "strong believes" in the good sake of pan-slavic nationalism. What is a Serbian aristocrate good for in Slovakia and maybe even the Czech lands? What is the plot? Will he convert to catholizism to win the hearts of Slovaks, or even become a crypto-protestant to please (anti-Habsburg) Czech elite? What about the Polish minority in Austria-Hungary? All of this doesn't make any sense.
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684:(vmerunka@gmail.com) I have many professional contacts to all Slavic countries (also in Russia and Serbia, dear FkpCascais :-) ) and I hope my adding (regardless it was strong) is important and based on proven sources. I believe, that Knowledge respects the position of neutrality and does not serve in any propaganda, which tries removes discomfortable information in order to make "the reality better".
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Europe? I don't think so. What kind of pan-western
European ideal are you talking about? The nations within the EU fight over everything, including the common agricultural policy and the spread of the Euro dollar. Are you telling me that Panslavism is really a reality today just because "slavicmsnifestdestiny193" says he will join such a movement? Be realistic the movement is long dead. -ColinMacDonald
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were less enthusiastic then Russian Empire of the Soviet Union. Second, how is sarmatism an expression of some 'anti-Slavism', and how again this can be used to explain Polish hostility towards Ruthenians (but not Lithuanians or themselves, for example?). This entire sentence makes little sense and unless proper academic references are provided, it should be deleted as unverifiable POV.--
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to make too strong comparisons between Pan Germanism and Pan Slavism. I would argue that while Pan Germanism is largely based on an idea of some kind of single German race, Pan Slavism is based on a multinational idea, more comparable to something like Pan Western Europeanism , a concept without any historical roots in Western Europe --Colin MacDonald
957:"Pan-Slavism" has sometimes been a very violent and aggressive movement, often based on racial believes where it should have been based on language and culture. When Pan-Slavism became dominated and captured by Russia, it became really bad, assassinating people was an appreciated method, whenever suitable...
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I would like to discuss the use of this word. I changed it to "countries with slavic national languages", which I think is much more precise. Somebody changed it back using the argument "languages have nothing to do with this, slavic origin means founded and mostly inhabited by Slavic peoples". Now,
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Since when Hungarians and Romanians are Slavs? And sometimes personal point of view is more representative than "official" and "acceptable" ones.Anyway,Colin,could you kindly tell me (personal,of course:)) why today's European union cannot be called just poor-covered Pan-western idea, dominating over
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Just because you disagree and would join such a movement does not mean that it would gain wide spread popularity. You are ignoring tensions all through out Eastern Europe between all slavs (Ukraine-Russia, Poland-Russia, Hungarians-Romanians, Serbs and Croats etc). I think we must also be careful not
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I have heard that there were some talks on West-Slavic federation between Czechoslovakia and Poland during the exile of both governments in London. I heard it several years in some documentary on Polish TV but can't say anymore about it. It really hasn't been ever a particularly popular idea. Also, I
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Nope. Stalin used anything he got in hands. Of course "Soviet Union" used nationalism, racism and separatism whereever helpful for their imperial expansion and colonial projects. Remember his words about "the great national war of our peace-seeking slavic brother nations against fascist aggression",
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In fact, Polish nationalists massacred about 2 million Ukrainians during 1918 und 1920, with support from France and England, of course. Main target was to avert an independent Ukrainian nation, eliminating Ukrainian population with a focus on "Intelligenzia", i.e. preferably killing educated people
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was an expression of insufficient identification of Poles with their Slavic derivation. What else should have caused this feverish seeking for other roots? The Polish hostility towards Ruthenians showed itself in the discrimination of their belief, language and traditions. Ukrainians and Belarusians
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Two wrongs don't make a right. And note that the notice at PWNB notes 'Articles needing attention' and sais nothing about vandalism. Would you dispute that this article needs attention? Not that Voyevoda additions are any better then worst of Molobo's, and I think you called his actions with the 'v'
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I believe Voyevoda's sentence is just a reaction to Molobo's severe trolling. It was Molobo who denied any connection of the Poles to the Slavs and routinely changed "Slavic languages" to "Eastern and South Slavic languages", so as not to include Polish into the category. By the way, Piotrus, I hope
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This is strange - it's the first time I heard that Poland was 'not very enthusiastic' about it's Slavic origins. Where had the Poles denied they are Slavs? And how do you measure enthusiasm? Of course, unlike Russians, Poles never tried to unite ALL Slavs under their guidance, so I guess they indeed
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Tricky thing, as Russia and Poland always tried o dominate the movement - and tended to pervert it. So today, which side would you like to join: Great Russia, "mother of all Slavs", or the free Republic of Ukraine? Yes, this question seems to be quite unfair. However: True "Pan-Slavism", in the best
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Regarding "Pan-Germanism": This expression is misleading, as the English word "German" is definitely not used in the same sense on the European continent and gives a wrong connotation. In particular, it is not a German word for "Deutsch" (in the Northern dialect Plattdeutsch "Dutch"), but a somewhat
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Furthermore, the idea of Pan-Slavism was present in various forms before 1815, in was the strongest in Russia and in what was Yugoslavia. The 815 was only a turning point. Anyone with some knowledge on pre-1815 Pan-Slavism can add some info on the article. I have too little information on that some
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Slavs (and even then, not much is common between them apart from belonging to the same language family), but one showing geographic distribution of Slavic languages. Furthermore, this specific version of the map seems to have been created just to separate Serbo-Croatian along ethnic lines, contrary
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colonial power in Europe, an excessive "slavification" had always been one of the major goals of Russian nationalism and imperialism. In fact, this can been seen and checked in detail almost everywhere in Eastern Europe, as it holds true for a lot of regions that became overrun, looted and annexed.
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You are rather describing the dark sides of an ideology included in "Pan-Slavism": Whereever people live, that have any origin claimed to be "Slavic" or who's ancestors had spoken the language of Orthodox mission in Eastern Europe, Pan-Slavism declares this piece of land to be "truely Slavic soil".
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The pact with Hitler was very contradictory to the ideology as well. Additionally, Stalin always talked about the "peace-loving Slavic nations, united in the Soviet Union" - and attacked almost all nations surounding his "Soviet Union", including such "peace-loving Slavic nations" such as Ukraine,
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Saying basically that Poles were never interested in pan-Slavism and all saw it as an agent of Russian imperialism is a bit much. It was never a widespread, popular movement, but it had significant support among some segments of the academic and political elite in the 19th century, and was debated
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It should also be emphasized that Pan-Slavism also had a reactionary nature, especially in the Carpathian Basin where (especially Slovak Pan-Slavists like Stúr or Hurban-Vajansky) they wanted to subjugate the whole area to Czarist Russia and in support of the Habsburg monarchy, they fought against
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Pan-Germanism is not in any way equal to Pan-Slavism. Germans are just one Germanic nation, and what is called "Pan-Germanism" is nothing more than German nationalism one level below Pan-Slavism. It is actually one the same level as Russian nationalism would be. 'Real' Pan-Germansims, on the same
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The whole article is completely distorted and full of wrong information especially on a situation in the XXth century. ex, in Poland the pan-slavism has never been an issue, it's not even discussed or supported by any major or minor party. The only considerable possibility for a Western pan-Slavic
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Dear wikipedists, I ask Your community for independent and collaborative review of my amendments made today from IP 193.84.36.110 (I am not a wikipedist), which are permanently removed by FkpCascais, who alleged me for the anti-Russian sentiment. My real name is assoc. prof. Vojtěch Merunka, Ph.D.
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Not so much a counter though the term "origins" is better. It's true that language is the only thing which unites Slavic people but then it's the only thing that unites anyone anywhere at all, unless they are united by a surviving phenomenon, such as a religion (maybe the Jews are a good example,
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The article talks of pan-slavism as a serious option considered by many as an alternative which isn't the case. Any comparaison with pan-germanism or pan-arabism is out of touch since we speak different languages rather than different dialects as it is the case in these two cases. Anyways a major
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Eventhough Juraj Krizanic the Panslavist was a Croat, and the idea of Yugoslavia was a Croatian one, Croats didn't identify themselves as Slavs, but Goths, in the WW2, Croats being on Germany's side it was mostly because of shame being a second grade citizen in the Third Reich. Being Slavs would
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The European Union is an economic union, with no roots in race. Poland or any other Eastern European country don't have to join, its their choice. Granted Magyars and Romanians are not slavs, but is the personal opinion of one Slavic nationalist going to over rule ethnic tension all over Eastern
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I think the new movement now is Europeanism. This is based on certain genetic, cultural and circumstantial reasons. Europeans are the most closely related people, compared to any other region. Genetically all very similiar because europe was re-populated after the last ice age entirely from two
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No, the stuff broke out during the Napoleonic Wars. Pan-Germanism refers to the German nationalism that allowed Bismarckian Prussia to take over its neighbouring states. The Second Reich resulted; Germany was only an Empire in a stable form from 1870, before which it was a mess of kingdoms (and
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I don't know that there is pan-Germanism in the way that there was pan-Slavism, perhaps because Germany was its own empire when this stuff broke out. That said, I think that there might now be a type of pan-German movement based on the resentment of losing two world wars (and one world cup) --
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Slavic languages are so alike that they might be easily considered dialects if it were what one wanted. The region boundary (south-east-west) may be a bit strong but within the particular subdivisional areas the languages are pretty comprehensible for each others' speakers (still, much more in
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In the section "Pan-Slavism in Russia" it uses the word "regime" instead of "government" in order to describe the current governing body of the Russian Federation. I think that the word "government" would be a more accurate and less biased word to use in this situation and that "regime" has a
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You are correct, Pan-Slavism is not dead. And it need not be a political idea either, it can be a cultural one. I suggest that Pan-Slavism can play a role in a future peaceful Europe, imagine the Balkans today if narrow minded regionalism (I refuse to call it nationalism) had not taken such a
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The map I cited differentiates between all serbian dialects (bosnian, Croatian and serbian). Those linguistical varieties coincide with real ethnic groups. The whole point of pan-slavism was to unite the slavs. Could use other maps? Yeah, but they should be ethno-linguistical, not political.
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Pan-Slavism is a contemporary ideology and a contemporary main map is perfectly fine. All the countries represented on the map have Slavic-speaking majorities. A geopolitical unification of these countries would most likely not result in renouncing territories with non-Slavic majorities, and
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Leaders ofSeptember uprising - Stur, Hurban and Hodza wanted from Habsburg court indepndent Slovak duchy- It was their official proposal. Stur idea of all Slavic states under Czarist Russia was motivate by that that Russia was in that time only independent Slavic country - that´s all. Don´t
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Poland and Slovakia. By the way: Official language under Stalin's rule always had been Russian, of course. Multiculturalism was quite limited in this Russian "Red Slavic Empire" when it came to essential questions of racism, ethnic domination, geo-politics and imperial expansion.
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Pan-slavism is am ethnic ideology. Most of these kind of ideologies do not talk about uniting explicitly countries, but about ethnic groups, and that includes parts of countries, not necessarily an entire geopolitical entity, because countries are ethnically diverse.
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Thirdly pan -slavism is not dead. Yes the oomph is gone , but the sense of brotherhood remains. I accept that any political unioin is out of the question, and history has shown that the slavs are unfortunatley more contecnt on destroying each other than helping..
1851:. An ethnic map is more appropriate to describe an ethnic nationalist ideology that has never been the basis for geopolitcal unions between current countries in their geopolitical borders. The pan-slavism didn't want to unite current countries (see
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BTW, there IS ONE very small political panslavic party in Poland: "Zwiazek Słowiański". It started in local elections in województwo podlaskie and got huge 0.32% of votes. Nevertheless, one small party is more than "none", as it is put in article.
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Poland never was very enthusiastic about its Slavic roots, anyway, and this attitude regularily found its expressions, as well in the ideology of sarmatism, as in the hostilities towards the culture of its Slavic neighbours like Ukrainians oder
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whole continent? Yes,Poland and other eastern countries are members of union now,but do they really participate or simply follow the general path of much greater powers,like Germany or France? And that is pan-westernism. --All the best,Simon
1855:). Current "pan-slavist" ideologies are not uniform nor homogenous in their objective, they have no academic value, there's no consensus on their views, so we can't talk about an ideology per se, a statement that this very article comments.
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No, pan-slavism is not an ideology anymore, the term can be used to describe any kind of idea to unite any slavic peoples, countries or alliances but, as the article says, there's no more pan-slavist ideology after WW1 with academic
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Secondly you aliken pan-slavism to pan-western europeanism. Pan _slavism is based on actual common origins and culture of slavic people. Western europe comprises of Germanics, Iberians, Romans, etc. No commonality except location
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unfortunately, this also seems to tie into many of the the right-wing German nationalist groups, some of which are so extreme that they are illegal under Germany's constitution. Interestingly enough, the US would allow them...!
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This part of the article seems to be biased, as there are some weird details, presented without sound sources. In particular, there is no explanation why a Habsburg, or anyone else, should be in favor of a
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Venice had been the predominant power in Northern Italy and surounding shores including Slovenia and Croatia over centuries. The new nation, modern Italy, simply continued what Venice had done before.
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were called "bydlo" and were often forced to change the street side, when a Pole came along. All that is not being told in Poland so the Poles sincerely wonder, why things like Volhynia 1944 occured.
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Pan-Slavism may have low relevance today, but it still exists nevertheless, hence me describing it contemporary. Your suggested alternative map does not represent geographic distribution of
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fairly stridently. For the pro-pan-slavism side, I'm thinking of people like Ignacy Rakowiecki, Zorian Dołęga-Chodakowski, Henryk Rzewski, Michal Grabowski, Waclaw Maciejowski, and so on. --
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in my opinion the definion of "Slavic people" is "people speaking a Slavic language" and we are back at languages, which justifies the phrase I introduced. Any counter-argument?
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753:: Russia and Europe, where it is rendered the decadent West in opposition to the God's blessed Russian civilization. Today, this 150 years old propaganda continues extended by
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During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!
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Dialects are mutually intelligible, sort of. For me Slavic languages are not, without lot of effort (exception: Czech - Slovak). But I am not language gifted, YMMW.
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Secondly there is the growing discntent amongst europeans against migrations from Africa, middle east etc, that are decaying the cultural entegrity of europe.
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You classified Romanians and Hungarians as slavs. Anyone with a most BASIC knowledge of history knows that they are 'Romanised' Dacians and Magyars, resp.
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Slavic Unity. Special issue of the news "Russky vestnik" Nr 16-17 (930-931), texts from the XII. Pan-slavic congress in Moscow, May 2015 (in Russian)
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I have more sources. For example other documents from the XII. Pan-slavic congress in Moscow, May 2015 and books by the current pan-slavic president
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and its nations. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the project and see a list of open tasks.
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before 1815 it was "united" under the superficial Holy Roman Empire and its leaders, the Hapsburgs of Austria; this was the First Reich).
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many slavs would not be willing to participate in any kind of pan-slavic movement. just look at the situation of the serbs and croats...
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Well, Poland was not interested in panslavism per se (as in Russian movement), but in other versions of unity of Slavs. For example,
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Not really ceded, they just moved it from one administrative region to another. Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union at the time.
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Still, they used it when it was to their advantage. They ceded the Crimea to Ukraine as a token of Slavic friendship after WWII.
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Disagree: Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945 -Page 419 autor: Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki - 1996
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Still pains me to see the gulf between Serbs and Croats for example, how did we ever get to this stage of hating our own kind?
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Venice ceased to exist as a republic in 1797, Italy was about to form. So there is something wrong with the introduction. --
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I suggested an etno-linguistical map because it defines better the pan-slavic objectives than modern country borders.
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The assertion that the Soviet Union used panslavism as a political tool is absurd. For one, Stalin was not a Slav.
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I disagree. I would be willing to participate in such a movement with my fellow Slavs. -- slavicmanifestdestiny193
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1706:. The deletion discussion would benefit from input from editors with a knowledge of and interest in Pan-Slavism.
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Obviously the USSR didn't promote the rise of one ethnicity over another. That is contradictory to the ideology.
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Colin MacDonald: You have shown your ignorance on the matter, so your opinions are automatically discredited.
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state was in the XIth century and since then no such idea in Polish history was ever taken into consideration.
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How this is connected to pan-slavic ideas? Probably it is Russification policy that triggered the protests?--
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The main map is about today's countries, and doesn't represent the original pan-slavism. I suggest to use
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may be blocked or restricted by an administrator. Editors are advised to familiarise themselves with the
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917:. The 'English Speaking Union' is not the equivalent - Anglo-Americanism? I dunno. --MichaelTinkler
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procedure applies to this page. This page is related to Eastern Europe or the Balkans, which has been
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on any Polish or Russian colonial domination. We should try to keep all of these contents separate.
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Knowledge:Categories for discussion/Log/2020 January 8#Countries and territories by language family
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on 15 July 2022. For the contribution history and old versions of the redirected page, please see
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on the Polish notice-board. If you do, please take care. Trolling is strongly frowned upon. --
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be deleted. This article is related to that category. The relevant discussion is located at
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History by Voyevoda is fascinating, but care to provide any references backing your POV?--
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Your edit summary lists it as an "article vandalised". Please don't think we are blind. --
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I am still waiting for any citations. Otherwise this original research will be deleted.--
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emotional bias and in this case it would probably also used with political motivations
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The fact is that that map is not appropriate. "Majority" is a relative term.
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sense, should be based on langugae and culture not on war between brothers.
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do not understand till today, because speak about betrayal of Slavic idea,
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Report about the XII. Pan-slavic congress in Moscow, May 2015 (in Russian)
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tried to misuse Slavism as a tool for spreading its power and governance (
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writing than speaking but it can be trained). (added by 85.221.134.193)
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Feel free to edit the article attached to this page, join up at the
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call this typical and quite harmless content dispute "vandalism"
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Well, Ghirla, perhaps you should check your eyes. Or are you
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Never heard about the Czechoslovakian thing. Show a ref.
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vice-versa for other countries with a Slavic diaspora. –
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1382:on Thu Jul 27 01:26:58 2006, 404 Not Found
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