Talysh people - Knowledge (XXG)

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not enroll their children in schools teaching in the Talysh language. Some Talysh petitioned the authorities for their rights to be identified as Talysh in government documents, but all these requests were rejected by the authorities until 1989. Others, finding no other way out, accepted Azerbaijani identification in order to avoid discrimination in everyday life, for example, when applying for a job. Krista Goff also cites stories of Talysh who admitted that due to the stigmatization of their nationality, the lack of schools, books and other resources for the Talysh of Azerbaijan, as well as the lack of any preferences for being Talysh, they preferred the Azerbaijani self-identification and the Azerbaijani language, even fearing that their children could face discrimination if they speak Azerbaijani with a Talysh accent. Representatives of the Talysh people often internalized these assimilation narratives about themselves that were told to them and which they found in encyclopedias, articles and other printed material.

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above. Then they asked us to fill in the other lines." Respondents also shared with Goff stories about how census takers recorded them as “Azerbaijanis” when they presented themselves as Talysh, and denied the very existence of Talysh nationality; In addition, when collecting information for the census, workers avoided the categories of native language and nationality. During the preparation of materials for the 1970 population census, some ethnographers and cartographers in Moscow expressed doubts about the census data, claiming that the Azerbaijani census authorities artificially assimilated the Talysh in order to "portray their region as more ethnically homogeneous" and Azeris to be "more consolidated", than in reality.

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identifications". Subsequently, there followed the production of a large amount of encyclopedic, ethnographic, linguistic, historical-geographical and other material that developed and reproduced narratives designed to justify the national “erasure” of the Talysh and strengthen the official myth of their “voluntary assimilation.” Soviet ethnographers emphasized their common features in culture and life with the Azerbaijanis and presented the “assimilation” of the Iranian-speaking Talysh by the Turkic-speaking Azerbaijanis as an “impressive achievement” of the Soviet state, “ethnohistorical progress.” So, for example, the

641:, who ruled Gilan. Jamal al-Din was thus reinstated in Talish as its governor, being given the title of khan. After destroying Zohrab's army and seizing control of Uluf and Dashtvand, Jamal al-Din now directed his attention towards Astara. He captured and killed its ruler Shoja al-Din, but failed to establish his rule in Astara, as the city was given to Shoja al-Din's son by Karim Khan in an attempt to restrict Jamal al-Din's authority. The latter, however, was able to conquer a number of towns in Talish and gain control over most of the region. 68: 971: 4795: 808:

Thus, emphasizing that the Talysh and other peoples of the Azerbaijan SSR “descended from the same ancient population” as the Azerbaijanis (Azerbaijani Turks), they tried to pass off "the formation of the Azeri-defined Soviet Azerbaijani people" as a "natural, centuries-long process rather than the result of forced assimilation, as some minorities claimed."

701:) entered into correspondence with the Russians, who gave them hope that they could defeat the Iranian forces. Heraclius also contacted the Russians, asking them for assistance against the impending invasion. Agha Mohammad Khan first directed his attention towards Talish; 10,000 soldiers led by Mostafa Khan Qajar was sent to Talish, which quickly submitted. 555: 2075:. This is illustrated, for example, by the constant stressing of a common history and closeness of culture (even in academic publications). The situation that has developed around the Armenians in the Nagorno-Karabakh region serves as a warning. It should be noted, however, that the Tats living in Iran have not fared much better. The Iranians have 1022:

the Azerbaijan Republic. According to the census conducted by the Russian Empire in 1894, there were 88,499 Talyshis in the area that corresponds to the southwestern part of the later Azerbaijan Republic. However, the number of Talyshis became downplayed during the Soviet era due to the "title nations enlargement" plan.

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ideology in the country after the Soviet era. The Talyshi identity in Azerbaijan has grown significantly during the past few decades. Even after the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic was abolished, Talyshis in Azerbaijan and Russia's diaspora firmly believe in the possibility of an independent Talysh

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Despite the fact that the Talyshis in both Iran and Azerbaijan have a distinctive Iranian identity, its importance in Azerbaijan is considerably bigger. Their identity in Azerbaijan is built on the conflict between Iranians and Turks. They have developed a strong sense of self-identity as a result of

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According to Goff, in order to justify the assimilation policy regarding non-titular minorities, Azerbaijani officials and scholars increasingly began to talk from the 1950s about the “purportedly ancient, local origins of the Azeri nation,” writing minorities, including the Talysh, into its history.

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was relatively easy to act on with peoples of the Islamic faith, as they were simply proclaimed to be an ethnic group of the Azerbaijani people. This is borne out by the census policy which simply left several minorities of different languages unregistered. Therefore, the 1959 and following censuses

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Historical repression of identity and the inability to practice their culture and language has led the Talysh to an internalized self-repression. This makes it difficult to gauge support for any type of Talysh movement. According to Hema Kotecha, many Talysh fear being associated with the separatist

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began to say that “in the USSR, the Talysh almost merged with the Azerbaijanis, who are very close in material and spiritual culture, and therefore were not identified in the 1970 census”. According to researchers, “erasing” the Talysh from censuses, like some other peoples, was one of the main ways

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Russia more or less openly pursued a policy to free their newly conquered land from Iran's influence. By doing this, the Russian government helped to create and spread a new Turkic identity that, in contrast to the previous one, was founded on secular principles, particularly the shared language. As

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After having made peace with Hedayat-Allah Khan in 1767, Karim Khan confirmed the latter as the ruler of Gilan. The following year, Hedayat-Allah Khan launched an attack into Talish, where he defeated and captured Jamal al-Din, imprisoning him in Rasht. He then installed Jamal al-Din's son Mir-Askar

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as a hostage to his court. Due to his dark complexion, Jamal al-Din earned the nickname Qara ("the Black") Beg. He rose to important posts in Nader Shah's army and was assigned the task of putting down Kalb Hoseyn Beg's uprising in southern Talish in 1744. The murder of Nader Shah in 1747 led to the

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Talysh has three major dialects, Southern Talyshi (Masali, Masulei, Shandermani and others), Central Talyshi (Asalemi, Hashtpari and others) and Northern Talyshi (spoken in four closely linked dialect sections of Lerik, Masally, Lankaran, Astara in Azerbaijan Republic and in the dialects of Astara,

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In her book, Krista Goff provides interviews with some Talyshes: "During these censuses no one asked us about our nationality or self-identification. The census workers sat in the regional or village office and filled in the national composition of the population ahead of time based on orders from

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This assimilation policy put great social, political and economic pressure on the Talysh and on their daily life, encouraging them to “merge” with the titular Azerbaijani nation. For example, Talysh could not register as representatives of Talysh nationality in official documents, and parents could

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The topic of the Talyshis' population size is among the most difficult areas of research. For various reasons, precise statistics for the Talyshi population in Iran and the Azerbaijan Republic are unavailable. This is demonstrated in the official data on the Talyshis and other ethnic minorities in

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at that time. According to the 1937 Soviet census, the Talysh population had increased to 99,200. However, the Soviet census in 1939 claims that the Talysh population had decreased to 87,500. The Soviet census in 1959 claims that the Talysh population had decreased even more, now numbering eighty

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was attempting to reestablish the Iranian empire under his own rule. He issued threatening letters to the khans who had established connections with Russia in an effort to reestablish Iranian dominance over the border districts. In 1791, Agha Mohammad Khan plundered Talish, but did not succeed in

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Everyone who lived in Azerbaijan was expected to assimilate to the language and culture of the titular Azeris. Azeri census-takers, meanwhile, statistically "assimilated" minority groups to the Azeri majority by denying them the opportunity to identify themselves as belonging to any other ethnic

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newspaper. According to a U.S. government interview with Khilal Mamedov, a Talysh rights activist, Mr. Mamedov: “Accused the Azerbaijani leadership of Turkic nationalism and of seeking to suppress non-Turkic minorities…. He said the Azerbaijani leadership seeks to minimize contacts between the

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The leadership of the Azerbaijan SSR used the manipulated census data in Soviet ethnography, creating a narrative about the “voluntary and complete assimilation” of the Talysh people, and that it occurred “naturally over time rather than from artificial manipulations of minority communities and

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Talysh nationalists have always asserted that the number of Talysh in Azerbaijan is substantially higher than the official statistics. According to unofficial statistics, between 200,000 and 300,000 Talysh citizens live in Azerbaijan. Some claim that the population of the Talysh inhabiting the

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The 1939 census stated that Talysh people constituted the fifth largest national community in Azerbaijan SSR, following Azeris, Russians, Armenians, and Lezgins, numbering 87,510 people. However, the Talysh population of the republic, according to the 1959 census, was only 85 individuals. The

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In the early Soviet period, there were Talysh high schools, a newspaper called "Red Talysh", and several Talysh language books published, but by end of the 1930s these schools were closed and the Talysh identity was not acknowledged in official statistics, with the Talysh being classified as

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in the republics even before the USSR's disintegration. Thus, for example, in Uzbekistan a policy of "Uzbekization" of Tajiks (especially in Samarkand and the adjacent areas where Tajiks were forced to register as Uzbeks in official documents), was carried out throughout the postwar period.

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Talish was composed of various fiefs which would sometimes be granted to other emirs than the governor of Talish. For instance, Mohammad Khan Torkman was given control over a number of fiefs in Talish and Mughan in 1586. Later in 1684, Safiqoli Khan was one of the officers in control of

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Azerbaijani government denies Lezgins claim that the number of Lezgins is many times higher than official numbers, but in private many Azeris acknowledge the fact that Lezgins – for that matter Talysh or the Kurdish population of Azerbaijan is far higher than the official figure.

1437:, p. 1018: "This move toward urbanization can be seen in the population figures for Lankaran to where large numbers of Talysh have migrated since the early 1980s. Indeed, according to 2000 figures, the Talysh population of Lankaran was forty-eight thousand people." 2244: 748:

Talish was an economically important region for the Soviet Union, as it supplied a wide variety of products, including fruits, vegetables, tea, grains and meat. The military base in Lankaran, located near the border with Iran, was among the largest in the Caucasus.

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if they acknowledge or attempt to talk about their beliefs in the public sphere. The fear of the police is another factor to this silence, although support for secular democracy and shared Azerbaijani-Talysh feelings towards Nagorno-Karabakh contribute as well.

462:) carried the epithet "Talishi". Other figures with the same epithet served as governmental officials under the Safavids and their successors. Several Talysh chieftains were one of the first supporters of the Safavids, who gave them the governorship of 498:(edict) which in reality was an acceptance of their local autonomy. The familial succession of the chiefs gave rise to dynasties that dominated local affairs and sought to consolidate their influence whenever the national government weakened. 2414:

In the Soviet period, the Talysh talked privately of their separate identity and language, but officially they were nearly assimilated into the Azerbaijani majority. Resentment did linger below the surface — on the Talysh side for the

488:(kings) of Iran attempted to control local Talysh chiefs by subordinating them to obedient officials. Nevertheless, despite their centralization strategy, the Safavid administration was unable to terminate the local autonomy in the 2301: 859:, the self-proclaimed president of Talysh-Mughan. The movement favors an autonomous region within Azerbaijan. It also demands the promotion of democratic, cultural, and linguistic rights of all minorities within Azerbaijan. 776:

official explanation of the authorities for the almost complete disappearance of thousands of the Talyshes in this census was that "Talyshes voluntarily and en masse self-identified as Azeri to census workers". In her book,

338:(died 923); "In the mountains surrounding Azarbaijan there used to live such peoples as the Gels and the al-Taylasan, who did not obey the Arabs and mastered their freedom and independence". In Persian, they are called 520:. In 1723, Russians and Ottomans agreed to divide northern and western Iran between themselves. While the Caspian provinces were under Russian control, one of the local leaders Mir-Abbas Beg, who claimed to be a 582:

fragment of his empire; in the same fashion as the other rulers in the Southern Caucasus, Jamal al-Din (who had succeeded his father) established himself as a semi-independent ruler, marking the start of the

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forced assimilation, manipulation of population figures, settlement of non-Kurds in areas predominantly Kurdish, suppression of publications and abolition of Kurdish as a medium of instruction in schools

934:, where a transition between Northern to Central Talyshi is spoken. Linguist Donald Stilo argues that Northern and Southern Talyshi should be regarded as individual languages in the same manner as the 1469:

Only a few kilometers from the Iranian border, the southeastern town of Lankoran has close ties with Iran. The people in Lankoran are mainly Talysh, linguistically and ethnically similar to Persians.

538:. It was also during this period that he set his sights on the throne, as he believed his campaigns had stabilised the country and brought him enough fame. On 8 March 1736, he was crowned the new 985:

in Talish remained unfinished because of the district's mountainous, remote location. Because of this, a substantial number of the Talyshis in Iran and the Azerbaijan Republic are adherents of

474:(governor) of Talish, which indicates that Astara was the capital of the district. From 1539 and onwards the governorship of Astara was held hereditarily by the family of Bayandor Khan Talesh. 784:

in Moscow had plans to include a Talysh nationality category in the 1959 census, but this category was excluded during the process of collecting and reporting the census in Azerbaijan itself.

1990: 5729: 4336: 377:; "this is one of the rare cases when a folk self-identification with an ancient people can be, at least tentatively, substantiated with historical and linguistic backgrounds." The 958:, though also occasionally as Talysh; the quatrains by the 13th-century writer Sayyed Sharif al-Din, also known as Sharafshah of Dula or Dulab (i.e. Talishdula); and the poems of 685:, advanced into the area in the summer of that year. The first few months were spent by Agha Mohammad Khan winning the Muslim rulers' compliance. Mir-Mostafa and two other khans ( 5271: 3552: 997:

consistently receiving unfaithful treatment on behalf of Azerbaijan. One of the main drivers of the growing Iranian identity of the Talyshis in Azerbaijan was the rise of the

2099:. In the absence of religious differences they have succeeded. The Kurdish language is not officially used and during censuses the Kurds have been recorded as Azerbaijanis." 1976:, p. 32: "They also experienced the drastic changes in language policy under Stalin during which extreme pressure was exerted on minorities and their use of language." 715:

a result, many Iranian-speaking residents of the future Azerbaijan Republic at the time either started hiding their Iranian ancestry or underwent progressive assimilation.

2373:, by 1959 few people in the area identified openly as Talysh, leading Soviet ethnographers to assume all Talysh had assimilated. Meanwhile, the Taylsh living in Iran were 743: 516:). The latter was unable to provide them with military or material support; all he could do was give them an ineffective permit that allowed them to collect the taxes of 669:

Following the death of Fath-Ali Khan in 1789, Mir-Mostafa was able to rule more autonomously. However, a new threat soon emerged. Since the death of Karim Khan in 1779,

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Nasidze I, Quinque D, et al. (2009). "mtDNA and Y-chromosome variation in the Talysh of Iran and Azerbaijan". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 138 (1): 82–9

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order. On the other hand, the majority of Talyshis in the Azerbaijani portion of Talish are Shi'ites, with the exception of around twenty-four mountain villages.

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Agha Mohammad Khan was prepared to reinstate Iranian rule in the southeastern Caucasus by the summer of 1795. His 60,000 soldiers, which was primarily made up of

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Meanwhile, among the Talyshis of Iran, the search for Iranian forebears among the South Caspian indigenous peoples is an essential sign of their Iranianness.

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Mir-Abbas Beg kept up his relations with the Russians even after they pulled out of Iran. In order to demonstrate his loyalty to Nader Shah, he sent his son

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and nowadays they are the ethnic group experiencing the highest growth rate in modern Azerbaijan. In addition, Talyshis are famous for their longevity and

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The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia

1040:, the Talyshis reappear abruptly again in the amount of 21,200 in the 1989 census of the Azerbaijan Soviet Republic, the final census of the Soviet era. 800:

From 1960 to 1989, Talysh were not included in censuses as a separate ethnic group because they were considered part of the Azeris (Azerbaijani Turks).

1013: 408: 5739: 5264: 3808: 2958: 3609:; Abramoff, Emil (2018). "The Khan, the Shah and the Tsar: The Khanate of Talesh between Iran and Russia". In Matthee, Rudi; Andreeva, Elena (eds.). 3052: 1047:

southern regions of Azerbaijan is 600,000. The number of Talysh speakers in 2003 was estimated to be at least 400,000 in the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Obtaining accurate statistics is difficult, due to the unavailability of reliable sources, intermarriage, and the decline of the Talysh language.

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According to some sources, the Azerbaijani government has also implemented a policy of forceful integration of all minorities, including Talysh,

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It is challenging to determine the Talyshis origin because so little is known about them prior to the modern era. Like other ethnonyms, the name

604:. The khanates were still seen as Iranian dependencies even when the shahs in mainland Iran lacked the power to enforce their rule in the area. 5233: 4322: 2724: 645:

Beg as the governor of Talish. In 1772, Jamal al-Din broke out of prison and went back to Talish. In 1784, the Talysh Khanate was attacked by

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republican leaders moved aggressively to fully nationalize their republic—to create an Azerbaijan for Azeris and of Azeris first and foremost

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from the 1930s, and on the Azerbaijani side because the Talysh were perceived as having proliferated in the Baku police organs in the 1970s.

307:. Within these five districts there are over 350 Talysh villages and towns. The southern part of Talish encompasses the western part of the 5724: 5257: 3016: 2644:«В СССР Т. почти слились с азербайджанцами, которым очень близки по материальной и духовной культуре, поэтому не выделены в переписи 1970». 1383: 1026: 757: 1043:

According to the official 1999 census of the Republic of Azerbaijan the number of Talysh people in the Republic of Azerbaijan was 76,000.

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Currently, the Talysh community in Azerbaijan is oppressed by poverty, unemployment and lack of basic infrastructure such as electricity.

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During the decline of Safavid rule in the early 18th-century, Talysh leaders attempted to establish autonomous principalities. During the

2519:. In schools, the Azerbaijani language was privileged over all other non-Russian languages natively spoken by the peoples of Azerbaijan. 590:

was a type of administrative unit governed by a hereditary or appointed ruler subject to Iranian rule. The title of the ruler was either

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population of Azerbaijan—numbered at 87,510 in the 1939 Soviet census—was whittled down to a mere eighty-five persons in the 1959 census

637:, the Zand capital. Karim Khan soon reversed his decision after he had discovered that Zohrab Beg had made an agreement with his rival 3535: 3425: 3349: 3178: 467: 3369:

Fard, Fahimeh Khansari; Basiri, Mohammad Ali; Yazdani, Enayatollah (2019). "Ethnic Bargaining and Separatism in the South Caucasus".

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Storm, Karli (2024). "'Diffuse Support' and Authoritarian Regime Resilience: Azerbaijanism vis-à-vis Azerbaijan's Talysh Minority".

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In the 19th century, there was a migration of Talyshis towards the north of modern Republic of Azerbaijan in search of work in the

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From the Kur to the Aras: A Military History of Russia's Move into the South Caucasus and the First Russo-Iranian War, 1801–1813

657:. Due to pressure from Russia, however, Jamal al-Din was soon released. In 1786, Jamal al-Din died and was succeeded by his son 5228: 5183: 4188: 1456: 889: 832: 781: 5719: 5704: 5525: 5188: 1620:

Largely concentrated in southern Azerbaijan and north-western Iran, with a major population centre in the city of Lenkoran.

1363:

Largely concentrated in southern Azerbaijan and north-western Iran, with a major population centre in the city of Lenkoran.

4701: 4455: 4356: 4345: 3801: 694: 534:. By the end of 1735, the reconquest of northern and western Iran was completed, being led by the Iranian military leader 5223: 2369:

literate Talysh to read and write Azeri, which along with Russian was the official language of the area. As a result of

914:, being part of Tatic language family. Despite the absence of older Talysh texts, it is considered to be descended from 633:) was informed of this by Zohrab Beg, one of the grandees of Talish. As a result, Jamal al-Din was sent to a prison in 431:, the center of the latter, which appears to have shared a similar linguistic and ethnic bond with Talish prior to the 42: 5280: 4243: 362:; "And he related that he is a refugee from the Caspian gates, near the country of Talish, in the province of Gilan." 3128: 3090: 950:

of Safi-ad-din Ardabili are considered to be a variant of Talysh. There are two other collections of poetry from the

855:. The members of the organization include those who were in support of the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic such as 722:

and fisheries. As a result, several Talysh-speaking settlements have been continued to exist since that time on the

283:, which is usually considered to extend more than 150 km. Today, the northern part of Talish is located in the 5508: 3606: 3584: 3469: 2470:

a choice between Azeri (the language of the autonomous republic) and Russian without regard to minority languages.

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Ter-Abrahamian, Hrant (2005). "On the Formation of the National Identity of the Talishis in Azerbaijan Republic".

3405: 5390: 3567: 2983: 2612: 2399: 2365:, in 1939 the Soviets abolished the Talysh alphabet, replacing it with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet and thereby 1388: 1116: 1093: 1089: 1081: 911: 789: 4466: 492:. Officially, the local chiefs were not hereditary lords, but officials whose rank were acknowledged by a royal 451:(died 1301), who was of probable Talysh descent. Two out of the four Sufi teachers of the first Safavid monarch 4248: 3794: 1378: 1133: 876:

Talysh have also settled in other parts of Republic of Azerbaijan. Pockets of Talysh can be found south of the

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Stilo, Donald (2015). "The Polygenetic Origins of the Northern Talyshi Language". In Asatrian, Garnik (ed.).

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five. The Talyshis are not included in any Soviet population census from 1970 and 1979. However, during the

38: 2765: 5699: 5422: 5238: 4884: 811:

It was only in 1989 that Talysh ethnicity was returned to the census, immediately counting 21,169 Talysh.

608: 284: 5432: 1519: 653:, the most dominant khan in the Caucasus. He made Jamal al-Din his vassal and also had him imprisoned in 5601: 5548: 5447: 5397: 5353: 5296: 4958: 4121: 3852: 3301: 3190: 2624: 2500: 2202: 2134:

Not only did Turkey and Azerbaijan pursue an identical policy, both employed identical techniques, e.g.

2109: 1128: 863: 761: 646: 4263: 3223: 5565: 5442: 5358: 5171: 5166: 4893: 4369: 4209: 3418:

Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri

2050:, whose aim it was to unite all minorities in the republic into one unified Azerbaijani people. This 1986: 1097: 444: 3741:

Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival [4 Volumes]

2959:"Azerbaijan has preserved its `unique country' image because of the population's ethnic composition" 2716: 1025:

Data from the Soviet census conducted in 1926 state that there were 77,300 Talyshis residing in the

5655: 5462: 5412: 5385: 5024: 4995: 4051: 3664: 3495: 3188:

Arakelova, Victoria (2022). "The Talishis on Opposite Banks of the Araxes River: Identity Issues".

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Paulston, Christina Bratt. Peckham, Donald. "Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe",

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and neighbouring villages in Iran). A transitional stage of these dialects also exist, such as in

482:, and Hoseyn was another. Meanwhile, the unnamed governor of Talish lived in Ardabil. The Safavid 4946: 4854: 3966: 3394: 3386: 3297: 3211: 2319: 885: 881: 723: 638: 531: 436: 155: 3841: 989:. The majority of the Talyshis in the Iranian portion of Talish are Sunnis and adherents of the 618:) that pledged his allegiance to her and offered the Russian troops access to his domains. The 607:

Jamal al-Din preserved his fathers correspondence with Russia, sending a letter to its empress

5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5306: 5002: 4916: 4814: 4288: 4235: 4225: 4126: 3749: 3690: 3668: 3639: 3633: 3618: 3594: 3499: 3473: 3444: 3421: 3345: 3326: 3307: 3283: 3231: 3174: 3073: 3032: 3024: 2791: 2504: 2443: 2403: 2305: 2254: 2206: 2164: 2123: 2012: 1580: 1498:, Executive Summary :"…(yet the population with the largest growth rate in the country)." 1323: 1051: 1037: 935: 836: 578: 359: 355: 304: 288: 246: 226: 3458:

Hambly, Gavin R. G. (1991). "Iran during the reigns of Fath 'Alī Shāh and Muhammad Shāh". In

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districts. Large numbers of Talysh have also moved to the urban surroundings of the capital,

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shared between Azerbaijan and Iran. The main city of the Talysh people and their homeland is

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Revolutions of the End of Time: Apocalypse, Revolution and Reaction in the Persianate World

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The Talysh are the ethnic group experiencing the highest growth rate in modern Azerbaijan.

5607: 5482: 5467: 5452: 5161: 4906: 4862: 4687: 4682: 4651: 4504: 4499: 4489: 3817: 3245: 2637: 2391: 2332: 1949: 955: 905: 844:

Talysh communities in Azerbaijan and Iran and to run Azerbaijan into a monoethnic state.”

623: 563: 440: 381: 378: 370: 319:. The most important center of the Talysh people and their ethnic homeland is the city of 292: 276: 242: 230: 214: 172: 146: 108: 31: 5136: 3525: 2965:(Azerbaijani newspaper), 16 March 2001. Translated and posted online by Justin Burke at 2381:, with the Iranian authorities declaring that there were no ethnic groups within Iran.". 1942: 1017:

Percentage of people speaking Talysh as their native language in provinces of Iran, 2011

5457: 5368: 5343: 5323: 5291: 5054: 4572: 4494: 4479: 4402: 4303: 4101: 4065: 4028: 4021: 4014: 3935: 3891: 3880: 3682: 3579: 3575: 3437: 3273: 2067:, THE TATS: "The process was accelerated in recent years, however, when the covert but 698: 583: 489: 417: 403: 308: 296: 3529: 970: 5693: 5674: 5669: 5611: 5595: 5571: 5472: 5373: 5203: 5198: 5126: 4985: 4874: 4738: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4617: 4542: 4509: 4204: 4157: 4079: 3949: 3846: 3831: 3571: 3398: 3360: 3279:

Iran at War: Interactions with the Modern World and the Struggle with Imperial Russia

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Its inhabitants are mostly Talysh, an Iranian-speaking people who are Shiite Muslims.

1101: 959: 674: 452: 432: 374: 3726: 2359:

Soviet authorities tried to make the Talysh assimilate into the culture of the Azeri

5662: 5583: 5487: 5427: 5333: 5104: 4929: 4837: 4778: 4587: 4562: 4552: 4537: 4532: 4514: 4397: 4167: 4044: 3977: 3836: 3513: 3413: 2095:, KURDS: "Kurdish identity is most endangered in Azerbaijan. In recent decades the 1105: 1070: 877: 650: 619: 597: 559: 463: 448: 413: 4794: 793:

to increase the “titular” Azerbaijani majority in the republic and homogenize it.

3739: 3654: 3463: 3277: 2494: 2291: 2196: 2154: 2113: 1570: 1313: 5407: 5316: 5131: 5096: 4934: 4832: 4827: 4728: 4656: 4605: 4595: 4474: 4438: 4417: 4314: 4273: 4268: 4152: 4000: 3984: 3614: 3487: 3465:

The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic

3459: 2097:

Azerbaijani authorities have been attempting to assimilate all ethnic minorities

998: 986: 982: 951: 896:. In particular, the cities of Bina and Sumqayıt have seen an influx of Talysh. 852: 777: 554: 280: 264: 234: 3779: 3521: 3059:, Graduate Thesis, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 2003. 2984:"CRIA " Inspired from Abroad: The External Sources of Separatism in Azerbaijan" 2746:"Azerbaijani authorities accused of discriminating against ethnic minorities", 2361:, with whom the Talysh shared many cultural elements as well as Shia Islam. To 241:, the majority of the population of which is ethnically Talysh. They speak the 5494: 5477: 5417: 5380: 5249: 5114: 5012: 4901: 4844: 4763: 4753: 4716: 4577: 4547: 4433: 4412: 4407: 3928: 3207: 3056: 2271:нетюркских национальных меньшинств: лезгин, курдов, аварцев, цахуров, лакцев, 1109: 1077: 990: 979: 592: 535: 506: 260: 250: 218: 124: 93: 3717: 3598: 3265: 3021:

One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups

2717:"Azerbaijani Authorities Accused of Discriminating Against Ethnic Minorities" 2156:

Making National Diasporas: Soviet-Era Migrations and Post-Soviet Consequences

2046:, THE TALYSH (OR THE TALISHI): "During recent decades, Talysh were put under 365:

Local Talysh experts commonly claim that the Talyshis are descended from the

5119: 5076: 4924: 4822: 4768: 4424: 4382: 4377: 4293: 4283: 4253: 4131: 4035: 3971: 3942: 2000: 923: 915: 756:

Talyshis with their identity and language experienced strong suppression in

335: 330:

cannot be established with certainty. It appears in early Arabic sources as

4258: 3545:"Islamic and Ethnic Identities in Azerbaijan: Emerging Trends and Tensions" 1996:

The New Russian Diaspora: Russian Minorities in the Former Soviet Republics

1943:“Islamic and Ethnic Identities in Azerbaijan: Emerging Trends and Tensions” 1415: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1084:, associated with the advent and diffusion of agriculture in the neolithic 3382: 3120: 3098: 3050:"Positive Orientation Towards the Vernacular Among the Talysh of Sumgayit" 2008: 5559: 5063: 5017: 5007: 4773: 4758: 4748: 4743: 4600: 4348: 4298: 4073: 4059: 3870: 3745: 3359:

Clifton, John; Tiessen, Calvin; Deckinga, Gabriela; Lucht, Laura (2005),

3171:

The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant

2032:, and the same policy was pursued in tolerant Latvia toward the Livonians 1032: 947: 527: 479: 320: 238: 5517: 3687:

Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan

3390: 5348: 5210: 5071: 4963: 4733: 4711: 4676: 4672: 4557: 4162: 4106: 4086: 4008: 3898: 2764:. Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO). 18 July 2014. 1451: 1112: 927: 867: 825: 731: 682: 428: 366: 253: 17: 3492:

Nested Nationalism: Making and Unmaking Nations in the Soviet Caucasus

2991: 5577: 5328: 5109: 5086: 5081: 4278: 4172: 4111: 3919: 3875: 3865: 1085: 634: 522: 494: 424: 151: 2436:

Integration in Energy and Transport: Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkey

839:, Chairman of the Talysh Cultural Centre and editor-in-chief of the 505:, the people of Talish volunteered to fight for the Safavid monarch 384:

believed that the Talyshis are possibly descended from the Cadusii.

2023:

It is noteworthy that local national leaders had been pursuiting a

851:(NTM) was formally created in 2007 by Talysh leaders exiled in the 4939: 4867: 4610: 4445: 4392: 4387: 4136: 3991: 3885: 3786: 3544: 1012: 969: 601: 553: 517: 439:. This connection was still apparent during the time of the early 407: 159: 128: 120: 3611:

Russians in Iran: Diplomacy and Power in the Qajar Era and Beyond

2198:

The Former Soviet Union's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook

2048:

considerable pressure by the administration of the Azerbaijan SSR

1600: 1343: 5589: 5178: 4721: 4428: 3906: 2761: 1853: 1851: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1642: 1640: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1532: 893: 727: 654: 484: 323:, the majority of the population of which is ethnically Talysh. 312: 222: 132: 83: 5521: 5253: 4318: 3790: 1250: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1229: 1227: 1214: 1212: 1210: 423:

Talish has traditionally been associated with either Gilan or

369:, an ancient tribe which inhabited the district. According to 2175:

While the Tats, a Persian-speaking people, were subjected to

1671: 1669: 1667: 3252:(2005). "Talish and the Talishis (The State of Research)". 3011: 3009: 2929: 2927: 2902: 2900: 2071:

living on the territory of the republic became the aim and

2030:

In Azerbaijan, the Talysh suffered from forced assimilation

1973: 1920: 1419: 3656:

Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East

2179:

into the Azerbaijani nationality, Kurds experienced both

2092: 2064: 2043: 918:, the indigenous Iranian language of Iranian Azerbaijan. 3091:"Allegation of Minority Rights Violations in Azerbaijan" 2488: 2486: 2363:

hasten the assimilation of the Talysh into Azeri culture

2293:Войны памяти: мифы, идентичность и политика в Закавказье 1904: 1902: 1080:, the Talysh show salient Near-Eastern affinities, with 3462:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.). 1688: 1686: 1684: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1275: 2615: ed.). М.: Советская энциклопедия. Archived from 2555: 2553: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1088:, found in over 25% of the sample. Another patriline, 3362:

Sociolinguistic situation of the Talysh in Azerbaijan

2528:

in order to statistically homogenize Azerbaijan, the

2460:

have resented being submerged in Azeri Turkic culture

1092:, is also seen to range from 1/4 to up to 1/2, while 30:

This article is about the ethnicity. For region, see

3553:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

2250:Кавказский узел в геополитических приоритетах России 5154: 5095: 5062: 5053: 5033: 4976: 4915: 4892: 4883: 4853: 4813: 4802: 4700: 4665: 4626: 4586: 4523: 4465: 4454: 4368: 4355: 4234: 4218: 4197: 4181: 4145: 3824: 760:. Like many other peoples of the republic, such as 139: 114: 102: 92: 82: 77: 58: 3561: 3436: 2977: 2975: 938:, due to the low intelligibility between the two. 744:Forced assimilation of Talysh people in Azerbaijan 3531:The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire 3303:The Khanate of Erevan Under Qajar Rule: 1795–1828 2462:, especially given the Soviet language-education 1961: 1157:Also transliterated as Talesh, Talysh and Tolysh. 72:Talysh people dancing, early 20th century in Iran 2478:but their misgivings were less openly expressed. 2474:, a Dagestani group to the north of Azerbaijan, 2343:, что создавало у них сепаратистские настроения. 1520:Legendary tales of life expectancy in Azerbaijan 1445: 1443: 3653:Stokes, Jamie, ed. (2009). "Talysh (Talishi)". 2879: 2867: 2819: 2341:талыши подвергались усиленной азербайджанизации 2269:откровенную политику принудительной ассимиляции 1881: 1857: 1842: 1794: 1725: 1646: 1631: 1544: 1480: 1254: 730:, as well as a significant Talysh community in 470:. The governor of Astara was also known as the 5730:Ethnic groups divided by international borders 3125:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 2396:Frustrated Democracy in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan 1609:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 1352:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 1233: 1218: 530:), worked together with the Russian commander 275:The Talyshis have traditionally inhabited the 5533: 5265: 4330: 3802: 1491: 1489: 600:, which was identical to the Ottoman rank of 8: 2138:. A familiar Soviet technique was also used… 1818: 962:, who lived in the 14th and 15th centuries. 780:shows through documentary evidence that the 180: 53: 3659:. historical consultants: Gorman, Anthony; 2723:. Hellenic Resources Network. 7 July 2011. 2496:The Multiethnic Soviet Union and its Demise 1869: 1806: 1675: 1373: 1371: 5540: 5526: 5518: 5272: 5258: 5250: 5059: 4889: 4810: 4462: 4365: 4337: 4323: 4315: 3809: 3795: 3787: 3585:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition 3148: 3146: 2458:, a Persian-speaking people to the south, 2025:policy of discrimitation toward minorities 1572:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z 1315:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z 835:voiced their concerns about the arrest of 354:first appears in the 16th-century, in the 66: 52: 3593:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 721–722. 2945: 2933: 2918: 2906: 2069:purposeful assimilation of all minorities 1556: 1452:"Azerbaijan: The Struggle To Shape Islam" 1266: 1201: 1177: 279:district in the southwestern part of the 181: 3738:Williams, Victoria R. (2020). "Talysh". 2354: 2183:and, in 1937, deportation to Kazakhstan. 1761: 1749: 1737: 1507: 1434: 1299: 1050:According to Swedish scholar on Eurasia 586:, which used Lankaran as its capital. A 2807: 2226:Azerbaijan were slated for assimilation 1908: 1893: 1495: 1170: 1150: 1115:, only reaches to under 5%, along with 233:, a region on the western shore of the 2891: 2633: 2622: 2328: 2317: 2218:Like the other Caucasian nationalities 1830: 1773: 1287: 3420:. Washington, D.C.: Mage Publishers. 3131:from the original on 8 September 2014 2855: 2843: 2831: 1704: 1692: 1189: 7: 2703: 2691: 2679: 2667: 2655: 2595: 2583: 2571: 2559: 2544: 1658: 1384:The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia 1027:Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic 466:, which was part of the province of 78:Regions with significant populations 2417:assimilation, part of Soviet policy 1096:, a marker associated with Eastern 974:Circa 1860 Star Talish rug (detail) 526:(descendant of the Islamic prophet 5745:Muslim communities of the Caucasus 3536:Institute of the Estonian Language 2727:from the original on 17 March 2018 2115:The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview 954:, which are typically regarded as 782:Central Statistical Administration 542:of Iran, marking the start of the 25: 2768:from the original on 2 March 2015 822:Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic 5740:Ethnic groups in the Middle East 4793: 3635:Studies on Iran and The Caucasus 2969:, Eurasianet.org, 23 March 2001. 1450:Allnutt, Luke (1 October 2007). 772:by the Azerbaijani authorities. 412:The administrative divisions of 350:. The native transliteration of 287:, encompassing the districts of 217:, with the majority residing in 5735:Indigenous peoples of West Asia 5710:Iranian peoples in the Caucasus 5229:Ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan 2228:, not into Russian culture but 1962:Fard, Basiri & Yazdani 2019 1952:, OSCE Report, Baku, July 2006. 1457:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 833:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 768:, the Talysh were subjected to 628: 613: 568: 511: 457: 249:. The majority of Talyshis are 3689:. Cambridge University Press. 3070:Small Nations and Great Powers 3017:religion of majority of Talysh 2613:Большая советская энциклопедия 2230:into the greater Azeri culture 2112:; Sperl, Stefan, eds. (2005). 315:, extending to the village of 259:The Talysh people have a high 1: 3744:. Santa Barbara, California: 3321:Bournoutian, George (2016a). 2267:Более того, власти проводили 2083:of forming a unitary nation." 2073:policy of the Azerbaijani SSR 912:Northwestern Iranian language 815:In the Republic of Azerbaijan 558:Contemporary portrait of the 127:in Azerbaijan, predominantly 5234:Ethnic minorities in Georgia 5224:Ethnic minorities in Armenia 3340:Bournoutian, George (2021). 3306:. University of California. 3224:Arjomand, Saïd Amir Arjomand 2153:; Moch, Leslie Page (2023). 176: 59: 5725:Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan 5281:Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan 5239:Ethnic minorities in Russia 4244:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism 3638:. Brill. pp. 411–453. 3439:The History of Ancient Iran 2880:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 2868:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 2820:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 2526:manipulating census results 2055:do not mention the Talysh." 1882:Shahvar & Abramoff 2018 1858:Shahvar & Abramoff 2018 1843:Shahvar & Abramoff 2018 1795:Shahvar & Abramoff 2018 1726:Shahvar & Abramoff 2018 1647:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 1632:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 1545:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 1481:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 1255:Asatrian & Borjian 2005 447:(died 1334), a disciple of 5761: 5509:Demographics of Azerbaijan 3780:10.30965/23761202-bja10034 3470:Cambridge University Press 2750:, RFE/RL, 20 February 2007 2454:In Azerbaijan, similarly, 2253:. М.: Логос. p. 260. 2161:Cambridge University Press 1577:Greenwood Publishing Group 1320:Greenwood Publishing Group 978:The Safavids' campaign of 903: 741: 443:, who were descended from 401: 346:, both plural versions of 245:, one of the Northwestern 36: 29: 5555: 5503: 5287: 5219: 4791: 3208:10.1163/1573384X-20220406 3121:"Talysh: Editor Arrested" 2493:O'Keeffe, Brigid (2022). 2400:Columbia University Press 1389:Columbia University Press 1036:era of the Soviet leader 910:The Talysh language is a 790:Great Soviet Encyclopedia 550:In Afsharid and Zand Iran 144: 119: 107: 65: 4249:Ancient Iranian religion 3718:10.1163/1573384054068132 3266:10.1163/1573384054068169 3072:. Routledge (UK), 2001. 2670:, pp. 140–141, 145. 2658:, pp. 109, 133–136. 2339:В годы советской власти 1134:Talysh National Movement 849:National Talysh Movement 671:Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar 503:Russian invasion of Iran 5715:Peoples of the Caucasus 4189:Ancient Iranian peoples 3725:Tucker, Ernest (2006). 3325:. Gibb Memorial Trust. 2967:Azerbaijan Daily Digest 2515:In postwar Azerbaijan, 2195:Minahan, James (2004). 2181:compulsory assimilation 1569:Minahan, James (2002). 1312:Minahan, James (2002). 1139:Talysh National Academy 824:, with Russia, or with 3543:Kotecha, Hema (2006). 2646: 2632:Cite journal requires 2345: 2277: 2110:Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1069:With regards to their 1018: 975: 574: 420: 285:Republic of Azerbaijan 5720:Ethnic groups in Iran 5705:Iranian ethnic groups 5549:Ethnic groups in Iran 4146:Related ethnic groups 3731:Encyclopaedia Iranica 3712:(1). Brill: 121–144. 3706:Iran and the Caucasus 3560:Savory, R.M. (1978). 3406:registration required 3383:10.1353/reg.2019.0011 3254:Iran and the Caucasus 3191:Iran and the Caucasus 3055:26 September 2007 at 2642: 2501:Bloomsbury Publishing 2379:enforced assimilation 2337: 2265: 2009:10.4324/9781315484136 1987:Shlapentokh, Vladimir 1510:, pp. 1015–1018. 1129:List of Talysh people 1016: 973: 926:, Vizane, as well as 710:In the Russian Empire 557: 411: 140:Related ethnic groups 4346:Ethnic groups in the 4210:Proto-Indo-Europeans 4122:Tats of the Caucasus 3472:. pp. 144–173. 3435:Frye, R. N. (1984). 2994:on 23 September 2015 2788:Multilingual Matters 2547:, pp. 136, 145. 2524:. In this manner of 2432:Petersen, Alexandros 2151:Siegelbaum, Lewis H. 2122:. pp. 160–161. 2120:Taylor & Francis 1948:5 March 2009 at the 1102:Indo-Iranian peoples 966:Culture and religion 445:Safi-ad-Din Ardabili 215:Iranian ethnic group 37:For other uses, see 27:Iranian ethnic group 3298:Bournoutian, George 3260:(1). Brill: 43–72. 3127:. 8 February 2007. 3068:Cornell, Svante E. 3048:Tiessen, Calvin F. 3023:, Greenwood, 2000, 2619:on 21 October 2011. 2598:, pp. 169–170. 2586:, pp. 166–170. 2574:, pp. 144–145. 2392:Altstadt, Audrey L. 2371:forced assimilation 2203:Bloomsbury Academic 2177:forced assimilation 1974:Clifton et al. 2005 1921:Clifton et al. 2005 1833:, pp. 145–146. 1707:, pp. 149–150. 1420:Clifton et al. 2005 1269:, pp. 413–414. 1234:Ter-Abrahamian 2005 1219:Ter-Abrahamian 2005 1192:, pp. 414–415. 932:Jow Kandan-e Bozorg 770:forced assimilation 738:In the Soviet Union 726:, in particular in 695:Mohammad Khan Qajar 687:Ibrahim Khalil Khan 393:Early modern period 55: 4947:Trialeti Ossetians 3617:. pp. 24–48. 3101:on 7 November 2007 2948:, p. 409–410. 2870:, pp. 51, 55. 2682:, p. 136—137. 2327:Unknown parameter 1989:; Sendich, Munir; 1019: 976: 724:Absheron Peninsula 639:Hedayat-Allah Khan 575: 532:Mikhail Matyushkin 437:Iranian Azerbaijan 427:, especially with 421: 221:and a minority in 5687: 5686: 5515: 5514: 5247: 5246: 5150: 5149: 5049: 5048: 4972: 4971: 4789: 4788: 4696: 4695: 4312: 4311: 4236:Iranian religions 4226:Iranian languages 4096: 4089: 4082: 4068: 4054: 4047: 4038: 4031: 4024: 4017: 4003: 3994: 3987: 3980: 3959: 3952: 3945: 3938: 3931: 3922: 3915: 3901: 3894: 3855: 3696:978-0-52158-336-7 3645:978-90-04-30206-8 3624:978-1-78673-336-8 3332:978-1-909724-80-8 3313:978-0-939214-18-1 3289:978-0-7556-3737-9 3237:978-90-04-51715-8 3167:Axworthy, Michael 3037:978-0-313-30984-7 2357:, p. 1017: " 2260:978-5-98704-460-5 2093:Kolga et al. 2001 2065:Kolga et al. 2001 2044:Kolga et al. 2001 1845:, pp. 28–29. 1819:Bournoutian 2016a 1634:, pp. 43–44. 1586:978-0-313-32384-3 1329:978-0-313-32384-3 1100:, which includes 1052:Svante E. Cornell 1038:Mikhail Gorbachev 936:Kurdish languages 837:Novruzali Mamedov 758:Soviet Azerbaijan 360:Alexander Romance 247:Iranian languages 227:indigenous people 165: 164: 98:500,000–1,000,000 88:700,000–1,000,000 16:(Redirected from 5752: 5677: 5665: 5658: 5651: 5644: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5519: 5403:Meskhetian Turks 5274: 5267: 5260: 5251: 5194:Azerbaijani Jews 5142:Meskhetian Turks 5060: 4890: 4811: 4797: 4463: 4366: 4339: 4332: 4325: 4316: 4092: 4085: 4078: 4064: 4050: 4043: 4034: 4027: 4020: 4013: 3999: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3955: 3948: 3941: 3934: 3927: 3918: 3911: 3897: 3890: 3851: 3811: 3804: 3797: 3788: 3783: 3759: 3734: 3721: 3700: 3678: 3649: 3628: 3602: 3565: 3556: 3539: 3509: 3483: 3454: 3442: 3431: 3409: 3402: 3365: 3355: 3336: 3317: 3293: 3269: 3246:Asatrian, Garnik 3241: 3219: 3184: 3153: 3150: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3117: 3111: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3097:. Archived from 3087: 3081: 3066: 3060: 3046: 3040: 3015:Minahan, James. 3013: 3004: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2990:. Archived from 2979: 2970: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2922: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2895: 2889: 2883: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2805: 2799: 2784: 2778: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2635: 2630: 2628: 2620: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2587: 2581: 2575: 2569: 2563: 2557: 2548: 2542: 2536: 2534: 2490: 2481: 2480: 2428: 2422: 2421: 2388: 2382: 2352: 2346: 2336: 2330: 2325: 2323: 2315: 2300: ed.). М.: 2299: 2288:Шнирельман В. А. 2284: 2278: 2264: 2241: 2235: 2234: 2192: 2186: 2185: 2147: 2141: 2140: 2106: 2100: 2090: 2084: 2062: 2056: 2041: 2035: 2034: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1939: 1924: 1918: 1912: 1906: 1897: 1891: 1885: 1879: 1873: 1870:Bournoutian 2021 1867: 1861: 1855: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1816: 1810: 1807:Bournoutian 1976 1804: 1798: 1792: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1723: 1708: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1679: 1676:Bournoutian 2021 1673: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1635: 1629: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1597: 1591: 1590: 1579:. p. 1837. 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1527: 1517: 1511: 1505: 1499: 1493: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1447: 1438: 1432: 1423: 1417: 1404: 1403: 1398: 1396: 1375: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1358: 1340: 1334: 1333: 1322:. p. 1837. 1309: 1303: 1297: 1291: 1285: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1252: 1237: 1231: 1222: 1216: 1205: 1199: 1193: 1187: 1181: 1175: 1158: 1155: 857:Alikram Hummatov 678:subjugating it. 659:Mir-Mostafa Khan 632: 631: 1751–1779 630: 617: 616: 1762–1796 615: 572: 571: 1751–1779 570: 544:Afsharid dynasty 515: 514: 1722–1732 513: 461: 460: 1501–1524 459: 184: 183: 70: 60:Tolışon • تالشان 56: 21: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5754: 5753: 5751: 5750: 5749: 5690: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5675: 5663: 5656: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5551: 5546: 5516: 5511: 5499: 5468:Shahdagh people 5283: 5278: 5248: 5243: 5215: 5146: 5091: 5045: 5029: 4968: 4911: 4879: 4863:Caucasus Greeks 4849: 4805: 4798: 4785: 4704: 4692: 4661: 4622: 4582: 4519: 4458: 4450: 4359: 4351: 4343: 4313: 4308: 4230: 4214: 4193: 4182:Ancient peoples 4177: 4141: 3842:'Ajam of Kuwait 3820: 3818:Iranian peoples 3815: 3772:Caucasus Survey 3769: 3766: 3764:Further reading 3756: 3737: 3724: 3703: 3697: 3683:Tapper, Richard 3681: 3675: 3667:. p. 682. 3652: 3646: 3631: 3625: 3605: 3580:Bosworth, C. E. 3563:"Ḳāsim-i Anwār" 3559: 3542: 3512: 3506: 3488:Goff, Krista A. 3486: 3480: 3457: 3451: 3434: 3428: 3412: 3403: 3368: 3358: 3352: 3339: 3333: 3320: 3314: 3296: 3290: 3282:. I.B. Tauris. 3274:Behrooz, Maziar 3272: 3244: 3238: 3222: 3187: 3181: 3165: 3162: 3157: 3156: 3151: 3144: 3134: 3132: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3104: 3102: 3089: 3088: 3084: 3067: 3063: 3047: 3043: 3014: 3007: 2997: 2995: 2988:cria-online.org 2981: 2980: 2973: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2940: 2932: 2925: 2917: 2913: 2905: 2898: 2890: 2886: 2878: 2874: 2866: 2862: 2854: 2850: 2842: 2838: 2830: 2826: 2818: 2814: 2806: 2802: 2785: 2781: 2771: 2769: 2760: 2759: 2755: 2745: 2744: 2740: 2730: 2728: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2702: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2666: 2662: 2654: 2650: 2631: 2621: 2607: 2606: 2602: 2594: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2570: 2566: 2558: 2551: 2543: 2539: 2511: 2492: 2491: 2484: 2450: 2440:Lexington Books 2430: 2429: 2425: 2410: 2390: 2389: 2385: 2353: 2349: 2326: 2316: 2312: 2304:. p. 118. 2297: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2261: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2213: 2205:. p. 303. 2194: 2193: 2189: 2171: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2130: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2091: 2087: 2081:official policy 2063: 2059: 2042: 2038: 2019: 1985: 1984: 1980: 1972: 1968: 1960: 1956: 1950:Wayback Machine 1941:Kotecha, Hema. 1940: 1927: 1919: 1915: 1907: 1900: 1892: 1888: 1880: 1876: 1868: 1864: 1856: 1849: 1841: 1837: 1829: 1825: 1821:, p. xvii. 1817: 1813: 1805: 1801: 1793: 1780: 1772: 1768: 1760: 1756: 1748: 1744: 1736: 1732: 1724: 1711: 1703: 1699: 1691: 1682: 1674: 1665: 1657: 1653: 1645: 1638: 1630: 1626: 1613: 1611: 1599: 1598: 1594: 1587: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1559:, pp. 408. 1555: 1551: 1543: 1530: 1518: 1514: 1506: 1502: 1494: 1487: 1479: 1475: 1462: 1460: 1449: 1448: 1441: 1433: 1426: 1418: 1407: 1394: 1392: 1377: 1376: 1369: 1356: 1354: 1342: 1341: 1337: 1330: 1311: 1310: 1306: 1302:, p. 1016. 1298: 1294: 1286: 1273: 1265: 1261: 1253: 1240: 1232: 1225: 1217: 1208: 1200: 1196: 1188: 1184: 1176: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1161: 1156: 1152: 1147: 1125: 1067: 1011: 968: 944: 908: 906:Talysh language 902: 817: 753:"Azerbaijani". 746: 740: 712: 707: 667: 627: 624:Karim Khan Zand 622:ruler of Iran, 612: 567: 564:Karim Khan Zand 562:ruler of Iran, 552: 510: 456: 406: 400: 398:In Safavid Iran 395: 390: 382:Richard N. Frye 371:Garnik Asatrian 358:version of the 334:. According to 273: 243:Talysh language 225:. They are the 149: 147:Iranian peoples 123:(predominantly 73: 61: 51: 46: 35: 32:Talish (region) 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5758: 5756: 5748: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5692: 5691: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5680: 5679: 5672: 5667: 5660: 5653: 5646: 5639: 5632: 5625: 5615: 5605: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5569: 5563: 5556: 5553: 5552: 5547: 5545: 5544: 5537: 5530: 5522: 5513: 5512: 5504: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5497: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5394: 5393: 5383: 5378: 5377: 5376: 5371: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5299: 5294: 5288: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5277: 5276: 5269: 5262: 5254: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5213: 5208: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5176: 5175: 5174: 5169: 5158: 5156: 5152: 5151: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5101: 5099: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5068: 5066: 5057: 5051: 5050: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5043: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5030: 5028: 5027: 5022: 5021: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4993: 4982: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4970: 4969: 4967: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4943: 4942: 4932: 4921: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4898: 4896: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4877: 4872: 4871: 4870: 4859: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4847: 4842: 4841: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4819: 4817: 4808: 4800: 4799: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4783: 4782: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4714: 4708: 4706: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4669: 4667: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4633: 4631: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4598: 4592: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4529: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4471: 4469: 4460: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4441: 4436: 4422: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4374: 4372: 4363: 4353: 4352: 4344: 4342: 4341: 4334: 4327: 4319: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4306: 4304:Zoroastrianism 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4240: 4238: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4228: 4222: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4201: 4199: 4195: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4185: 4183: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4149: 4147: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4098: 4097: 4090: 4083: 4071: 4070: 4069: 4066:Pashtun tribes 4057: 4056: 4055: 4048: 4041: 4040: 4039: 4032: 4018: 4015:Chinese Tajiks 4006: 4005: 4004: 3997: 3996: 3995: 3981: 3969: 3964: 3963: 3962: 3961: 3960: 3946: 3939: 3932: 3925: 3924: 3923: 3904: 3903: 3902: 3895: 3892:Kurdish tribes 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3857: 3856: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3828: 3826: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3806: 3799: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3760: 3754: 3735: 3722: 3701: 3695: 3679: 3673: 3661:Newman, Andrew 3650: 3644: 3629: 3623: 3603: 3568:van Donzel, E. 3557: 3540: 3526:Viikberg, Jüri 3518:Tõnurist, Igor 3510: 3504: 3494:. Ithaca, NY: 3484: 3478: 3455: 3449: 3443:. C. H. Beck. 3432: 3427:978-1933823232 3426: 3410: 3377:(2): 173–196. 3366: 3356: 3351:978-9004445154 3350: 3337: 3331: 3318: 3312: 3294: 3288: 3270: 3250:Borjian, Habib 3242: 3236: 3220: 3185: 3180:978-1850437062 3179: 3173:. I.B.Tauris. 3161: 3158: 3155: 3154: 3142: 3112: 3082: 3061: 3041: 3005: 2971: 2950: 2946:Arakelova 2022 2938: 2936:, p. 409. 2934:Arakelova 2022 2923: 2921:, p. 416. 2919:Arakelova 2022 2911: 2909:, p. 412. 2907:Arakelova 2022 2896: 2894:, p. 721. 2884: 2872: 2860: 2858:, p. 412. 2848: 2846:, p. 419. 2836: 2834:, p. 411. 2824: 2812: 2800: 2779: 2753: 2738: 2708: 2706:, p. 176. 2696: 2694:, p. 115. 2684: 2672: 2660: 2648: 2634:|journal= 2600: 2588: 2576: 2564: 2562:, p. 136. 2549: 2537: 2509: 2503:. p. 88. 2482: 2448: 2442:. p. 96. 2423: 2408: 2383: 2347: 2310: 2279: 2259: 2236: 2211: 2187: 2169: 2142: 2128: 2101: 2085: 2057: 2036: 2017: 1978: 1966: 1964:, p. 190. 1954: 1925: 1913: 1898: 1886: 1874: 1872:, p. 262. 1862: 1847: 1835: 1823: 1811: 1799: 1778: 1766: 1764:, p. 155. 1754: 1752:, p. 152. 1742: 1730: 1709: 1697: 1695:, p. 149. 1680: 1678:, p. 255. 1663: 1651: 1636: 1624: 1601:"UNPO: Talysh" 1592: 1585: 1561: 1557:Arakelova 2022 1549: 1528: 1512: 1500: 1485: 1473: 1439: 1424: 1405: 1367: 1344:"UNPO: Talysh" 1335: 1328: 1304: 1292: 1290:, p. 682. 1271: 1267:Arakelova 2022 1259: 1238: 1236:, p. 121. 1223: 1221:, p. 122. 1206: 1204:, p. 410. 1202:Arakelova 2022 1194: 1182: 1180:, p. 411. 1178:Arakelova 2022 1169: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1149: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1124: 1121: 1066: 1063: 1010: 1007: 967: 964: 946:The Old Azeri 943: 940: 904:Main article: 901: 898: 816: 813: 742:Main article: 739: 736: 711: 708: 706: 703: 666: 663: 584:Talysh Khanate 551: 548: 490:South Caucasus 418:South Caucasus 404:Safavid Talish 402:Main article: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 309:Gilan province 272: 269: 265:centenarianism 163: 162: 142: 141: 137: 136: 117: 116: 112: 111: 105: 104: 100: 99: 96: 90: 89: 86: 80: 79: 75: 74: 71: 63: 62: 49: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5757: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5700:Talysh people 5698: 5697: 5695: 5678: 5673: 5671: 5670:Afro-Iranians 5668: 5666: 5661: 5659: 5654: 5652: 5647: 5645: 5640: 5638: 5633: 5631: 5626: 5624: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5612:Turkic people 5609: 5606: 5603: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5554: 5550: 5543: 5538: 5536: 5531: 5529: 5524: 5523: 5520: 5510: 5507: 5502: 5496: 5493: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5392: 5389: 5388: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5304: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5275: 5270: 5268: 5263: 5261: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5218: 5212: 5209: 5205: 5204:Mountain Jews 5202: 5200: 5199:Georgian Jews 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5189:Armenian Jews 5187: 5185: 5182: 5181: 5180: 5177: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5153: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5107: 5106: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5052: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5026: 5023: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5004: 5001: 4997: 4996:in Azerbaijan 4994: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4981: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4927: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4882: 4876: 4875:Pontic Greeks 4873: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4856: 4852: 4846: 4843: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4824: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4801: 4796: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4678: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4625: 4619: 4616: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4589: 4585: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4522: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4380: 4379: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4347: 4340: 4335: 4333: 4328: 4326: 4321: 4320: 4317: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4217: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4205:Indo-Iranians 4203: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4190: 4187: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4158:Bukharan Jews 4156: 4154: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4081: 4080:Arab-Persians 4077: 4076: 4075: 4072: 4067: 4063: 4062: 4061: 4058: 4053: 4049: 4046: 4042: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4011: 4010: 4007: 4002: 3998: 3993: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3982: 3979: 3975: 3974: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3958: 3954: 3953: 3951: 3950:Southern Lurs 3947: 3944: 3940: 3937: 3933: 3930: 3926: 3921: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3910: 3909: 3908: 3905: 3900: 3896: 3893: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3854: 3853:Baloch tribes 3850: 3849: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3825:Ethnic groups 3823: 3819: 3812: 3807: 3805: 3800: 3798: 3793: 3792: 3789: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3757: 3755:9781440861185 3751: 3747: 3743: 3742: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3674:9781438126760 3670: 3666: 3665:Facts on File 3662: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3647: 3641: 3637: 3636: 3630: 3626: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3607:Shahvar, Soli 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3586: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3532: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3514:Kolga, Margus 3511: 3507: 3505:9781501753275 3501: 3497: 3496:Facts on File 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3479:0-521-20095-4 3475: 3471: 3468:. Cambridge: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3452: 3450:9783406093975 3446: 3441: 3440: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3414:Floor, Willem 3411: 3407: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3357: 3353: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3334: 3328: 3324: 3319: 3315: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3186: 3182: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3143: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3116: 3113: 3100: 3096: 3095:Wash. profile 3092: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3078:0-7007-1162-7 3075: 3071: 3065: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3029:0-313-30984-1 3026: 3022: 3018: 3012: 3010: 3006: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2888: 2885: 2882:, p. 55. 2881: 2876: 2873: 2869: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2852: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2825: 2822:, p. 51. 2821: 2816: 2813: 2810:, p. 34. 2809: 2804: 2801: 2797: 2796:1-85359-416-4 2793: 2789: 2783: 2780: 2767: 2763: 2757: 2754: 2749: 2742: 2739: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2688: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2639: 2626: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2577: 2573: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2518: 2512: 2510:9781350136793 2506: 2502: 2498: 2497: 2489: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2451: 2449:9781498525541 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2427: 2424: 2420: 2418: 2411: 2409:9780231801416 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2355:Williams 2020 2351: 2348: 2344: 2342: 2334: 2329:|agency= 2321: 2313: 2311:5-94628-118-6 2307: 2303: 2295: 2294: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2262: 2256: 2252: 2251: 2246: 2245:Гаджиев К. 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London: 3589:Volume IV: 3057:Archive-It 2998:17 October 2856:Stilo 2015 2844:Stilo 2015 2832:Stilo 2015 2772:11 January 2456:the Talysh 2222:the Talysh 1705:Floor 2008 1693:Floor 2008 1463:8 February 1395:8 February 1379:"Lankaran" 1357:8 February 1190:Stilo 2015 1165:References 991:Naqshbandi 942:Literature 878:Kura River 593:beglarbegi 507:Tahmasp II 468:Azerbaijan 261:birth rate 219:Azerbaijan 94:Azerbaijan 5650:Assyrians 5643:Georgians 5636:Armenians 5506:See Also: 5453:Terekemes 5391:Sheylanli 5369:Ashkenazi 5344:Georgians 5302:Armenians 5162:Assyrians 5137:Küresünni 5120:Shahsevan 5077:Karachays 4925:Ossetians 4823:Armenians 4769:Natukhajs 4744:Besleneys 4702:Northwest 4683:Khinalugs 4652:Khwarshis 4505:Godoberis 4500:Chamalals 4490:Bagvalals 4459:(Caspian) 4456:Northeast 4425:Colchians 4383:Adjarians 4378:Georgians 4357:Caucasian 4294:Yarsanism 4284:Mazdaznan 4279:Mazdakism 4254:Assianism 4219:Languages 4132:Yaghnobis 4087:Basseries 4036:Oroshoris 3972:Ossetians 3957:Mamasanis 3943:Hasanvand 3599:758278456 3572:Lewis, B. 3399:214442905 3344:. 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In 3395:S2CID 3387:JSTOR 3212:S2CID 3200:Brill 3198:(4). 2522:group 2466:that 1145:Notes 1110:South 1075:Y-DNA 766:Kurds 602:pasha 536:Nader 518:Rasht 485:shahs 472:hakem 352:Tāliš 348:Tāliš 328:Tāliš 297:Lerik 185:) or 160:Kurds 129:Sunni 121:Islam 43:Talış 5664:Jews 5629:Tats 5590:Lurs 5448:Tats 5364:Jews 5307:Baku 5179:Jews 4959:Tats 4907:Roma 4902:Loms 4838:Zoks 4722:Sadz 4688:Laks 4657:Tsez 4596:Bats 4588:Nakh 4578:Udis 4548:Jeks 4434:Lazs 4429:Zans 3907:Lurs 3750:ISBN 3691:ISBN 3669:ISBN 3640:ISBN 3619:ISBN 3595:OCLC 3500:ISBN 3474:ISBN 3445:ISBN 3422:ISBN 3346:ISBN 3327:ISBN 3308:ISBN 3284:ISBN 3232:ISBN 3175:ISBN 3137:2007 3107:2007 3074:ISBN 3033:ISBN 3025:ISBN 3000:2015 2963:Ayna 2792:ISBN 2774:2015 2733:2007 2638:help 2505:ISBN 2444:ISBN 2404:ISBN 2375:also 2333:help 2306:ISBN 2255:ISBN 2207:ISBN 2165:ISBN 2124:ISBN 2077:also 2013:ISBN 1616:2024 1581:ISBN 1465:2024 1397:2024 1359:2024 1324:ISBN 1094:R1a1 894:Baku 847:The 764:and 762:Tats 728:Baku 693:and 655:Baku 651:Quba 620:Zand 598:khan 560:Zand 540:shah 373:and 342:and 313:Iran 223:Iran 167:The 158:and 133:Iran 125:Shia 84:Iran 41:and 5574:10% 5568:16% 5562:53% 5495:Udi 5478:Jek 4845:Lom 3776:doi 3714:doi 3379:doi 3262:doi 3204:doi 2721:HRI 2224:of 2005:doi 1522:// 1104:of 1071:NRY 864:Tat 697:of 689:of 649:of 596:or 435:of 311:of 131:in 5696:: 5614:2% 5604:2% 5598:2% 5592:6% 5586:4% 5580:4% 3748:. 3729:. 3708:. 3587:. 3574:; 3570:; 3551:. 3547:. 3534:. 3524:; 3520:; 3516:; 3498:. 3393:. 3385:. 3373:. 3256:. 3248:; 3210:. 3196:26 3194:. 3145:^ 3123:. 3093:. 3031:, 3019:: 3008:^ 2986:. 2974:^ 2961:, 2926:^ 2899:^ 2790:. 2719:. 2629:: 2627:}} 2623:{{ 2552:^ 2513:. 2499:. 2485:^ 2452:. 2438:. 2412:. 2402:. 2398:. 2324:: 2322:}} 2318:{{ 2220:, 2215:. 2201:. 2173:. 2163:. 2159:. 2132:. 2118:. 2021:. 2011:. 2003:. 1999:. 1928:^ 1901:^ 1850:^ 1781:^ 1712:^ 1683:^ 1666:^ 1639:^ 1618:. 1607:. 1603:. 1575:. 1531:^ 1488:^ 1467:. 1454:. 1442:^ 1427:^ 1408:^ 1399:. 1387:. 1381:. 1370:^ 1361:. 1350:. 1346:. 1318:. 1274:^ 1241:^ 1226:^ 1209:^ 1119:. 884:, 870:. 734:. 661:. 629:r. 614:r. 569:r. 546:. 512:r. 458:r. 299:, 295:, 291:, 267:. 256:. 209:, 205:, 201:, 197:, 193:, 189:, 179:, 175:: 154:, 5541:e 5534:t 5527:v 5273:e 5266:t 5259:v 4679:) 4675:( 4427:/ 4338:e 4331:t 4324:v 3810:e 3803:t 3796:v 3782:. 3778:: 3758:. 3733:. 3720:. 3716:: 3710:9 3699:. 3677:. 3648:. 3627:. 3601:. 3555:. 3538:. 3508:. 3482:. 3453:. 3430:. 3408:) 3404:( 3401:. 3381:: 3375:8 3354:. 3335:. 3316:. 3292:. 3268:. 3264:: 3258:9 3240:. 3218:. 3206:: 3183:. 3139:. 3109:. 3002:. 2776:. 2735:. 2640:) 2636:( 2611:( 2535:. 2335:) 2314:. 2296:( 2275:. 2263:. 2232:. 2007:: 1776:. 1589:. 1332:. 1108:/ 1073:- 626:( 611:( 573:) 566:( 509:( 455:( 171:( 135:) 45:. 34:. 20:)

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