490:, they have four-clawed digits on the forefeet and five on the hind feet and walk on the outer surfaces of their forefeet to avoid puncturing their palms with their sharp claws. The underside and the tip of the tail are hairless. The snout is long and decurved with an opening only as wide as the diameter of a stick, from which the tongue is protruded. Although some differences in the shape of the skull are seen, they can most easily be distinguished from the northern tamandua by their slightly longer ears, which average around 5 cm (2.0 in) instead of 4 cm (1.6 in), as in the northern species.
468:
91:
460:
528:
66:
1175:
42:
1187:
622:
termites. Anteaters extract their prey by using their extremely strong fore limbs to rip open nests and their elongated snouts and rounded tongues (up to 40 cm (16 in) in length) to lick up the insects. These tongues are adapted specifically for myrmecophagy thanks to specialized papillae that allow them to grab onto their tiny prey.
518:
ranges from 130 to 190 days. The female gives birth to one offspring per year. At birth, the young anteater does not resemble its parents; its coat varies from white to black. It rides on the mother's back for several months up to a year and is sometimes deposited on a safe branch while the mother
621:
and their water requirement is obtained through their food. But as with the ants, beetles with a chemical defense are generally avoided. Evidence also suggests that southern tamanduas in captivity prefer termites over ants whilst
Tamanduas examined in the wild consume a larger quantity of ants than
493:
The individual and geographic variation observed in the southern tamandua have made the taxonomic description of these animals a difficult task. Animals from the southeastern part of the range are "strongly vested", meaning they have black markings from shoulder to rump; the black patch widens near
542:
They may communicate when aggravated by hissing and releasing an unpleasant scent from their anal glands. They spend much of their time foraging arboreally; a study in various habitats in
Venezuela showed this anteater spends 13 to 64% of its time in trees. The southern tamandua is quite clumsy on
550:
The southern tamandua uses its powerful forearms in self-defense. If it is threatened in a tree it grasps a branch with its hindfeet and tail, leaving its arms and long, curved claws free for combat. If attacked on the ground, this anteater backs up against a rock or a tree and grabs the opponent
551:
with its forearms. In the rainforest, the southern tamandua is surrounded during the day by a cloud of flies and mosquitoes and is often seen wiping these insects from its eyes. This animal has small eyes and poor vision, but its large, upright ears indicate that hearing is an important sense.
485:
The southern tamandua is a medium-sized anteater, though it can vary considerably in size based on environmental conditions. It has a head and body length ranging from 34 to 88 cm (13 to 35 in), and a prehensile tail 37 to 67 cm (15 to 26 in) long. Adults weigh from 1.5 to
634:
Although widespread, they are uncommon. They are killed by hunters, who claim the tamanduas kill dogs. They are also killed for the thick tendons in their tails, from which rope is made. Tamanduas are sometimes used by
Amazonian Indians to rid their homes of ants and termites.
1072:
Casali, Daniel M.; Martins-Santos, Elisângela; Santos, André L. Q.; Miranda, Flávia R.; Mahecha, Germán A. B.; Perini, Fernando A. (October 2017). "Morphology of the tongue of
Vermilingua (Xenarthra: Pilosa) and evolutionary considerations".
625:
Although it has the same diet as the giant anteater, both animals are able to live alongside one another, perhaps because the southern tamandua is able to reach nests in trees, while its larger relative cannot.
955:
1022:
1717:
592:
in roughly equal proportions, although they may also eat a small quantity of fruit. They locate their food by scent, and prey on a wide range of species, including
1782:
535:
The tamandua is mainly nocturnal but is occasionally active during the day. The animals nest in hollow tree trunks or in the burrows of other animals, such as
1903:
887:
Nascimento Gomes, Ana Paula; Cesário, Clarice Silva; Olifiers, Natalie; de Cassia
Bianchi, Rita; Maldonado, Arnaldo; Vilela, Roberto do Val (December 2019).
494:
the shoulders and encircles the forelimbs. The rest of the body can be blonde, tan, or brown. Animals from northern Brazil and
Venezuela to west of the
1862:
1691:
1968:
1730:
217:
1142:
671:
744:
Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I
1993:
539:. They are solitary, occupying home ranges that average from 100 to 375 ha (250 to 930 acres), depending on the local environment.
1988:
1021:
Deloss, Andressa Xavier
Rodrigues; Dröse, William; Rocha, Mauricio M.; Peters, Felipe Bortolotto; Kasper, Carlos Benhur (2023-04-30).
871:"Evaluation of collared anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla) presented in a wildlife health reference center of Sao Paulo state, Brazil"
1943:
1913:
486:
8.4 kg (3.3 to 18.5 lb), with no significant difference in size between males and females. Like their close relative, the
400:
1756:
1219:
982:"Assessment of Feeding Behavior of the Zoo-Housed Lesser Anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla) and Nutritional Values of Natural Prey"
206:
1774:
857:
1735:
1978:
1918:
1983:
1963:
1953:
1933:
1402:
1393:
560:
1973:
1938:
1923:
1769:
1652:
566:
653:
1948:
1928:
1787:
1617:
1179:
90:
1644:
980:
Zárate, ValentĂn; Mufari, Jesica R.; Abalos Luna, LucĂa G.; Villarreal, Daniel P.; Busso, Juan M. (2022-01-05).
1958:
1880:
1191:
572:
327:
at elevations up to 1,600 m (5,200 ft). It inhabits both wet and dry forests, including tropical
1579:
1321:
291:
found in many habitats, from mature to highly disturbed secondary forests and arid savannas. It feeds on
1821:
1657:
185:
467:
514:; mating generally takes place in the fall. The estrous cycle will last approximately about 42 days.
1678:
1626:
1348:
1212:
908:
870:
1339:
719:
439:
55:
742:
1908:
1106:
1054:
229:
85:
1826:
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1665:
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1160:
1148:
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853:
677:
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487:
459:
363:
1813:
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1294:
1128:
1082:
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993:
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916:
829:
796:
714:
661:
527:
477:
472:
1748:
695:
Miranda, F.; Fallabrino, A.; Arteaga, M.; Tirira, D.G.; Meritt, D.A.; Superina, M. (2014).
1795:
1479:
1205:
611:
421:
288:
152:
912:
1498:
1489:
1461:
1452:
1376:
1366:
929:
888:
555:
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367:
216:
1897:
1743:
1058:
705:
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657:
597:
276:
202:
75:
70:
17:
1197:
1110:
834:
817:
1853:
1670:
1442:
602:
303:. Its very strong foreclaws can be used to break insect nests or to defend itself.
1042:
1132:
920:
1761:
1704:
1611:
1330:
511:
498:
are solid blonde, brown, or black, or are only lightly vested. Individuals from
412:
359:
336:
1174:
41:
328:
1602:
1094:
1050:
1007:
818:"Phylogenetic analysis of 16S mitochondrial DNA data in sloths and anteaters"
311:
The southern tamandua is found in
Trinidad and throughout South America from
1266:
1152:
893:(Diesing, 1851) (Acanthocephala: Archiacanthocephala) in the giant anteater
681:
536:
515:
316:
312:
284:
102:
1102:
938:
1186:
1847:
1800:
1596:
1513:
1430:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
593:
589:
499:
443:
408:
404:
352:
280:
272:
162:
122:
998:
981:
1875:
1867:
1696:
1086:
543:
the ground and ambles along, incapable of the gallop its relative, the
447:
429:
371:
332:
324:
296:
268:
1137:(2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 39–41.
1709:
1639:
1229:
615:
340:
320:
142:
132:
112:
1573:
1282:
801:
780:
747:(in Latin) (10th ed.). Holmiæ: Laurentius Salvius. p. 35
618:
526:
495:
466:
458:
344:
663:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
366:
suggests they may have diverged from their closest relative, the
607:
585:
425:
348:
1683:
1577:
1201:
901:
International
Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife
300:
292:
666:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 103.
850:
Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife
355:(presumably because its prey is common in these areas).
393:(Linnaeus, 1758): southern and eastern Brazil, Uruguay
1837:
1586:
1511:
1487:
1478:
1450:
1441:
1374:
1365:
1302:
1293:
1027:(Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae) in the Brazilian Pampa"
720:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T21350A47442916.en
339:. It seems to be most common in habitats near
1213:
1134:Neotropical Rainforest Mammals: A Field Guide
950:
948:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
610:armed with strong chemical defenses, such as
8:
1031:Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment
986:Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens
869:Bernegossi, Agda Maria (February 8, 2018).
1574:
1484:
1447:
1424:
1371:
1299:
1276:
1220:
1206:
1198:
358:The oldest fossil tamanduas date from the
215:
64:
40:
31:
997:
928:
897:Linnaeus, 1758 (Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae)"
833:
800:
718:
1023:"Feeding habits of the lesser anteater
960:(Southern Tamandua or Lesser Anteater)"
889:"New morphological and genetic data of
644:
554:The southern tamandua is a host of the
7:
1881:981C3DE5-A47A-4130-8BCA-37DF77C888B1
1904:IUCN Red List least concern species
706:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
816:Barros, M.C.; et al. (2003).
382:The four recognised subspecies of
25:
1185:
1173:
502:are almost always solid blonde.
89:
1131:; Feer, François (1997-09-02).
848:Burnie D and Wilson DE (Eds.),
835:10.1590/S1415-47572003000100002
1969:Mammals of Trinidad and Tobago
822:Genetics and Molecular Biology
347:, especially those thick with
1:
1043:10.1080/01650521.2023.2204714
921:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.09.008
891:Gigantorhynchus echinodiscus
561:Gigantorhynchus echinodiscus
1994:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1403:Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (
1394:Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (
567:Gigantorhynchus lopezneyrai
471:Tamandua by C. Wendt after
362:of South America, although
2010:
1163:from Animal Diversity Web.
785:(Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae)"
531:A cub in the Frankfurt Zoo
442:, 1889): southern Brazil,
403:, 1803): northern Brazil,
374:, 12.9 million years ago.
1989:Mammals described in 1758
1839:Myrmecophaga tetradactyla
1560:
1427:
1423:
1279:
1275:
1237:
238:Myrmecophaga tetradactyla
235:
228:
223:
214:
191:
184:
86:Scientific classification
84:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
1944:Mammals of French Guiana
1914:Mammals of the Caribbean
1322:Pygmy three-toed sloth (
660:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
432:, extreme western Brazil
307:Distribution and habitat
224:Southern tamandua range
1161:"Tamandua tetradactyla"
895:Myrmecophaga tridactyla
652:Gardner, A. L. (2005).
584:Southern tamanduas eat
573:Gigantorhynchus ungriai
1349:Brown-throated sloth (
741:Linnæus, Carl (1758).
532:
482:
464:
1822:Paleobiology Database
1645:tamandua-tetradactyla
1632:Tamandua_tetradactyla
1618:Tamandua tetradactyla
1588:Tamandua tetradactyla
1340:Pale-throated sloth (
1192:Tamandua tetradactyla
1180:Tamandua tetradactyla
1075:Journal of Morphology
1025:Tamandua tetradactyla
958:Tamandua tetradactyla
783:Tamandua tetradactyla
713:: e.T21350A47442916.
699:Tamandua tetradactyla
558:intestinal parasites
530:
470:
462:
384:Tamandua tetradactyla
256:Tamandua tetradactyla
195:Tamandua tetradactyla
49:In defensive posture
18:Tamandua tetradactyla
1979:Mammals of Venezuela
1919:Mammals of Argentina
1194:at Wikimedia Commons
779:Hayssen, V. (2011).
614:. They also consume
606:. They avoid eating
455:Physical description
177:T. tetradactyla
1984:Fauna of the Amazon
1964:Mammals of Suriname
1954:Mammals of Paraguay
1934:Mammals of Colombia
1540:Southern tamandua (
1531:Northern tamandua (
1312:(Three-toed sloths)
1232:species by suborder
999:10.3390/jzbg3010002
913:2019IJPPW..10..281N
852:. DK Adult (2005),
259:), also called the
56:Conservation status
27:Species of anteater
1974:Mammals of Uruguay
1939:Mammals of Ecuador
1924:Mammals of Bolivia
1087:10.1002/jmor.20718
533:
483:
465:
391:T. t. tetradactyla
279:and the island of
35:Southern tamandua
1949:Mammals of Guyana
1929:Mammals of Brazil
1891:
1890:
1809:Open Tree of Life
1580:Taxon identifiers
1571:
1570:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1524:
1474:
1473:
1434:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1387:
1384:(Two-toed sloths)
1361:
1360:
1315:
1286:
1190:Media related to
1144:978-0-226-20721-6
1129:Emmons, Louise H.
1081:(10): 1380–1399.
789:Mammalian Species
673:978-0-8018-8221-0
488:northern tamandua
261:collared anteater
251:southern tamandua
247:
246:
242:
79:
16:(Redirected from
2001:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1858:
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1634:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1575:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1499:Giant anteater (
1485:
1462:Silky anteater (
1448:
1432:
1425:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1372:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1300:
1284:
1277:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1199:
1189:
1178:Data related to
1177:
1159:Gorog, A. 1999.
1156:
1115:
1114:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1001:
977:
971:
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738:
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478:Brehms Tierleben
364:genetic evidence
240:
219:
197:
94:
93:
73:
68:
67:
44:
32:
21:
2009:
2008:
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2003:
2002:
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1959:Mammals of Peru
1894:
1893:
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1874:
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1796:Observation.org
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1600:
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1567:
1548:
1542:T. tetradactyla
1520:
1519:
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1507:
1480:Myrmecophagidae
1470:
1437:
1411:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1357:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1289:
1271:
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1226:
1170:
1145:
1127:
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1122:General sources
1119:
1118:
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1020:
1019:
1015:
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978:
974:
962:
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740:
739:
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723:
694:
693:
689:
674:
651:
650:
646:
641:
632:
612:leafcutter ants
582:
556:acanthocephalan
547:, can achieve.
525:
508:
457:
436:T. t. straminea
380:
309:
289:solitary animal
265:lesser anteater
210:
199:
193:
180:
153:Myrmecophagidae
88:
80:
69:
65:
58:
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1342:B. tridactylus
1337:
1328:
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1182:at Wikispecies
1169:
1168:External links
1166:
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1037:(2): 457–463.
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672:
654:"Order Pilosa"
643:
642:
640:
637:
631:
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598:carpenter ants
581:
578:
545:giant anteater
524:
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379:
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370:, in the late
368:giant anteater
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241:Linnaeus, 1758
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1501:M. tridactyla
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1464:C. didactylus
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1367:Choloepodidae
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1351:B. variegatus
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473:Gustav MĂĽtzel
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418:T. t. quichua
416:
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407:, Venezuela,
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186:Binomial name
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71:Least Concern
61:
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33:
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19:
1838:
1587:
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1490:Myrmecophaga
1488:
1463:
1451:
1443:Cyclopedidae
1431:Vermilingua
1429:
1405:C. hoffmanni
1404:
1395:
1375:
1350:
1341:
1333:B. torquatus
1332:
1323:
1303:
1295:Bradypodidae
1281:
1133:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1034:
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1024:
1016:
992:(1): 19–31.
989:
985:
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821:
811:
795:(1): 64–74.
792:
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749:. Retrieved
743:
736:
724:. Retrieved
710:
704:
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662:
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633:
630:Conservation
624:
603:Nasutitermes
601:
583:
571:
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541:
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510:Females are
509:
506:Reproduction
492:
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315:to northern
310:
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29:
1705:iNaturalist
1612:Wikispecies
1533:T. mexicana
1521:(Tamanduas)
1433:(Anteaters)
1324:B. pygmaeus
1265:Superorder
1259:Infraclass
967:sta.uwi.edu
907:: 281–288.
828:(1): 5–11.
751:23 November
726:12 November
512:polyestrous
450:, Argentina
413:the Guianas
397:T. t. nigra
360:Pleistocene
337:thorn scrub
319:, southern
1898:Categories
1854:Q122169739
858:0789477645
537:armadillos
378:Subspecies
329:rainforest
287:. It is a
1909:Anteaters
1377:Choloepus
1283:Folivora
1267:Xenarthra
1095:0362-2525
1059:258445902
1051:0165-0521
1008:2673-5636
639:Citations
594:army ants
519:forages.
516:Gestation
424:, 1927):
353:epiphytes
317:Argentina
313:Venezuela
285:Caribbean
171:Species:
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
1848:Wikidata
1775:11800048
1723:10228362
1597:Wikidata
1564:Category
1514:Tamandua
1453:Cyclopes
1305:Bradypus
1285:(Sloths)
1261:Eutheria
1255:Mammalia
1249:Chordata
1243:Animalia
1241:Kingdom
1153:44179508
1111:13644895
1103:28643449
939:31867208
682:62265494
590:termites
523:Behavior
500:Trinidad
444:Paraguay
409:Trinidad
405:Colombia
401:Geoffroy
297:termites
281:Trinidad
273:anteater
230:Synonyms
203:Linnaeus
164:Tamandua
149:Family:
133:Mammalia
123:Chordata
119:Phylum:
113:Animalia
99:Domain:
76:IUCN 3.1
1876:ZooBank
1868:4974907
1814:1014324
1762:1000444
1697:2436340
1603:Q267514
1247:Phylum
1228:Extant
930:6906829
909:Bibcode
448:Bolivia
430:Ecuador
372:Miocene
341:streams
333:savanna
325:Uruguay
283:in the
269:species
267:, is a
159:Genus:
139:Order:
129:Class:
74: (
1827:233569
1736:624913
1684:328525
1640:ARKive
1253:Class
1230:Pilosa
1151:
1141:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1057:
1049:
1006:
937:
927:
856:
680:
670:
619:larvae
616:beetle
600:, and
570:, and
481:, 1887
475:, for
422:Thomas
345:rivers
335:, and
323:, and
321:Brazil
299:, and
143:Pilosa
1801:83713
1788:48850
1749:21350
1718:IRMNG
1710:47104
1671:54M4Z
1658:26222
1107:S2CID
1055:S2CID
963:(PDF)
874:(PDF)
656:. In
496:Andes
463:Skull
386:are:
349:vines
275:from
1863:GBIF
1783:NCBI
1744:IUCN
1731:ITIS
1692:GBIF
1653:BOLD
1149:OCLC
1139:ISBN
1099:PMID
1091:ISSN
1047:ISSN
1004:ISSN
935:PMID
854:ISBN
753:2012
728:2021
711:2014
678:OCLC
668:ISBN
608:ants
588:and
586:ants
580:Diet
440:Cope
426:Peru
351:and
343:and
301:bees
293:ants
249:The
207:1758
1770:MSW
1757:MDD
1679:EoL
1666:CoL
1627:ADW
1083:doi
1079:278
1039:doi
994:doi
925:PMC
917:doi
830:doi
797:doi
715:doi
271:of
263:or
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1002:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
