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on the top of this platform there are remains of aligned wood columns that could have been used to support a roof. To the north of this plaza is another, smaller platform, similar to the main platform, and to the east of the plaza there are structures that appear to have also been built on a mound. All these structures suggest that Plaza 2 was a sheltered place and not visible from the Inca trail.
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necklaces, as well as a hundred offerings of cuyes (guinea pigs). The graves were marked with feathers of tropical birds. The guinea pigs were found in two different places, with adornments similar to those of the llamas, and some of them were wrapped in carpets before burial. The remains of a dog were also found buried in direction to the east.
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During recent excavations, four naturally mummified llamas and another in a state of decomposition were found under the pavement of one of the corners of the main square, showing in good condition the ornaments with which they were adorned for a sacrificial ceremony, including earrings, bracelets and
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The southern part of Tambo Viejo is made up of a labyrinth of structures connected to a smaller, more central plaza (Plaza 2), around which there are rectangular structures of various sizes. To the south of the plaza there is a large platform, apparently artificial, that dominates the entire site and
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The first archaeological investigations in Tambo Viejo were carried out in 1954 by
Dorothy Menzel and Francis A. Riddell, who noted that Tambo Viejo was an Inca center protected by walls. They also noted that the site had a long history of occupation, as they found pottery from the Early Nasca period
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The walls of the Tambo Viejo buildings were built with two rows of boulders joined with mortar, with the exterior face plastered to create a uniform surface to which were added rectangular adobe bricks, many of which have collapsed over time. The fact that there are no trapezoidal windows, niches or
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Tambo Viejo is oriented in a north–south direction. The main area on its north side is a large rectangular plaza, known as Plaza
Principal or Plaza 1. From its southwest corner there is a part of the Inca trail that leads to Paredones; for this reason, it is assumed that this was the point of entry
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Subsequently, the investigations continued, in particular by Lidio Valdez who investigated Tambo Viejo and the Acari Valley in general. Thanks to this information the situation of the site and by extension of the Acari Valley at the time of the Inca occupation are better understood.
214:), which consists of a die with different markings on five of its faces, as well as clay ovens that seem to have been used to roast meals on special occasions, which presents evidence of the type of socialization of the Inca culture in an administrative center such as Tambo Viejo.
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and Lima la Vieja in the Pisco Valley, Ica Vieja in the Ica Valley, and Tambo de Collao in the
Ingenio valley, as well as Paredones in the Nasca Valley. All these centers, apparently created by the Incas, were connected to each other thanks to the
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Lidio M. Valdez & Katrina J. Bettcher (2020) Pichqa and Pisqoyñu: Inca Gaming
Paraphernalia from Tambo Viejo, Peru, Ă‘awpa Pacha, 40:1, 119-132, DOI:10.1080/00776297.2020.1729483,
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Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley, is one of several provincial administrative centers established by the Incas on the southern
Peruvian coast, including
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Lidio M. Valdez & Katrina J. Bettcher (2021) Inka special occasion food, World
Archaeology, 53:2, 327-344, DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2021.2021107,
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Menzel, D., Riddell, F. A., & Valdez, L. M. 2012. EL CENTRO ADMINISTRATIVO INCA DE TAMBO VIEJO. ArqueologĂa y
Sociedad, (24), 403–436.
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doors would seem to indicate that the architects responsible for Tambo Viejo were local and less familiar with Inca aesthetic canons.
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of southern Peru. The site presents evidence of human occupation from the Early
Intermediate period, including examples of Early
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The archaeological site of Tambo Viejo is located at 20 km from the sea and immediately south of the current town of
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Kent, Jonathan D. & Makoto Kowta. 1994. “The cemetery at Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru”. Andean Past 4: 109-140
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Rowe, J. 1956. “Archaeological explorations in southern Peru, 1954-1955”. American
Antiquity 22 (2): 135-151.
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Valdez LM. Inka sacrificial guinea pigs from Tambo Viejo, Peru. Int J Osteoarchaeol. 2019;29:595–601.
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Recent excavations near Plaza 2 found some artefacts used for the game of pichqa (the number five in
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Valdez, Lidio M. 1996. “Los depĂłsitos Inka de Tambo Viejo, AcarĂ”. Tawantinsuyu 2:37-43.
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that extends over approximately 44 hectares (110 acres) in the north of the
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Descubren restos de llamas sacrificadas a los dioses incas
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304:"Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa"
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246:External walls, Tambo Viejo, in 2022
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182:of the Early Intermediate period.
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258:Plaza 2 in Tambo Viejo, in 2022
234:Plaza 1 in Tambo Viejo, in 2022
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308:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
141:period and remains from the
16:Archaeological site in Peru
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417:Categories
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289:References
176:Inca trail
113:Settlement
85:74°36′59″W
82:15°26′55″S
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267:See also
190:Findings
149:Location
145:period.
218:Gallery
212:Quechua
165:History
135:pottery
122:is an
155:AcarĂ
132:Nasca
159:Peru
139:Inca
110:Type
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