311:
379:. She has found 27 tombs, 20 of which are shaped like vaulted sarcophagi, partly underground and partly aboveground. The remaining seven consist of staircases leading to simple burial chambers. Inside these tombs, her team found a total of 10 mummies, 2 of them gilded. The discovery of this cemetery indicates that an important person, likely of royal status, could be buried inside the temple. The style of the newly discovered tombs indicates that they were constructed during the Greco-Roman period. Martinez states that the expedition has excavated a temple at Taposiris Magna dedicated to the goddess
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attractiveness. Contradicting another advanced theory, the features of the sculpted head show no characteristics that would suggest sub-Saharan ancestry. The team also found many amulets, along with a beautiful headless statue dating to the
Ptolemaic Period. Among the most interesting finds is a unique mask depicting a man with a
262:. Traders from the west could use water transportation to the harbor and then take a caravan route. Similarly, trade from Libya could be shipped aboard boats to Taposiris and transported to interior cities of Egypt, however this theory has its critics. The wine produced in this part of Egypt was famous during this ancient time.
351:
have been working on the site since 1998. In 2010, archaeologists discovered a huge granite statue of a
Ptolemaic king that was headless and the original gate to a temple dedicated to the god Osiris. The statue is crafted following the traditional ancient representation of an Egyptian king wearing a
413:
in the UK), Martinez said that she was sure that they were close to finding the tomb there, possibly in a corner of the site where two likely tombs deep underground had been discovered. It was hoped that work to investigate the likely tombs would commence when the official digging season opened in
383:
and has discovered coins depicting the face of
Alexander the Great. They have found a number of deep shafts inside the temple, three of which seem to have been used for burials. It is possible that these shafts were the tombs of important people. The team leaders believe that Cleopatra and Mark
367:
style mummies was discovered behind the temple. Hawass said that early investigations revealed that these mummies were buried with their faces turned toward the temple and he noted that this suggested that the temple likely contained the burial of a significant royal personality, possibly
360:, who constructed the Taposiris Magna temple. The team also found limestone foundation stones that would have lined the entrance to the temple. One of these stones bears evidence indicating that the entrance was lined with a series of Sphinx statues similar to those of the pharaonic era.
387:
Martinez said that the expedition found a beautiful head of
Cleopatra, along with 22 coins bearing her image. The statue and coins show her as a beauty, contradicting a suggestion by an English museum curator that she was not attractive. These finds from Taposiris demonstrate a distinct
301:
In the most scholarly study of the tower conducted by 1974, it was concluded that "The Tower of Abusir" was definitely not a lighthouse nor even a watchtower. It probably was constructed during the
Ptolemaic reign after the Pharos lighthouse was built and was only a funerary monument.
406:. The team had found several unexploded bombs as well as charred remains of Italian and New Zealand soldiers within its tunnels. As of 2013, the excavation had been halted, but Martinez was later given permission to continue her work on the site.
399:. The Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) expedition excavating the temple and its surrounding area was headed by Zahi Hawass, then secretary general of the SCA, and Kathleen Martinez, the scholar from the Dominican Republic.
330:
In 2022, a tunnel beneath this ancient
Egyptian temple was discovered at a depth of 20 metres. The tunnel is 2 metres high and 1,305 metres long and it transported water to thousands of people. It is an exact replica of the
424:
In
January 2021, Egyptian-Dominican researchers led by Kathleen Martínez announced the discovery of 2,000-year-old ancient tombs with golden tongues dating to the Greek and Roman periods. Her team also unearthed gold leaf
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that separates the sea from Lake
Maerotis, stand two ancient monuments that were partly restored in the 1930s. One is a tower that has been used as a guide in the reconstruction of the
327:
shows a variety of burial styles from sarcophagi or pyramids to columns or pilasters. This ancient settlement was occupied from the second century BC to the seventh century AD.
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476:
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A radar survey of the temple of
Taposiris Magna, west of Alexandria, Egypt, had been completed earlier in 2002 as part of the search for the
694:
El
Fakharani, F. (1974). The "Lighthouse" of Abusir in Egypt. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 78, 257-272. doi:1. Retrieved from
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In 2022, it was reported that a 1,305-meter water-transport tunnel dating to the Ptolemaic period was found 20 meters below ground.
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arrived in Egypt during 1798 and French scientists subsequently conducted a survey of the architecture of the city published in the
871:
39:
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897:
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213:, was established following this, as a Greek state during this Hellenistic Period that lasted until the death of
437:. The mummies were depicted in different forms: one was wearing a crown, decorated with the horns of the deity
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Both private and public buildings have been found in the neighborhood along with cisterns and churches. The
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released a two-hour documentary entitled "Cleopatra: Sex, Lies, and Secrets" to reveal recent discoveries.
258:. The size of the lake raises the possibility that the harbor played a role in the trade between Egypt and
74:
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820:
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Antony could have been buried in a deep shaft similar to those already discovered inside the temple.
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at the forehead; the other mummy was depicted with gilded decorations representing a wide necklace.
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and the other is the remains of a temple of Osiris that is believed to be the last resting place of
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The expedition started in 2002 as a self-funded expedition led by a Dominican lawyer,
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916:"Truth about Cleopatra's death: Resting place may have been found at mysterious site"
369:
348:
214:
205:, the city of Taposiris Magna became a center for religious festival of Khoiak. The
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255:
242:, which gives credence to the theory that there must have been a town there in the
235:
984:"Photos: Archaeological mission uncovers 16 burial chambers in Alexandrian temple"
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466:
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In the twentieth century, excavations of the site were started under the Italian
409:
In a 2015 television documentary called "Cleopatra's Lost Tomb" (shown October,
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842:"Fending off snakes and scorpions, Dominican architect seeks Cleopatra's tomb"
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The city stood on the navigable arm of the now dried-out bed of the ancient
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187:
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630:
Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra: History and Society Under the Ptolemies
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the monumental sculpture could represent the Hellenistic-era pharaoh
336:
183:
402:
In 2012, it was discovered that the ruins had been affected by the
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277:
269:
259:
392:, which bears some similarity to known portraits of Mark Antony.
787:"Ptolemaic statue and temple gate discovered at Taposiris Magna"
380:
238:
states that Alexander the Great visited the city on his way to
493:"Ancient Egypt – Macedonian and Ptolemaic Egypt (332–30 bce)"
898:"Secrets of Egypt's Valley of the Kings: Series 2 Episode 2"
441:
and the image of the cobra snake who represents the deity
429:
in the form of tongues placed for speaking with the deity
817:"Press Release - News from the Temple of Taposiris Magna"
959:"Ancient mummies with golden tongues unearthed in Egypt"
522:
Taposiris Magna, 1998-2004: Alexandriai magyar ásatások
182:
between 280 and 270 BC. The name means "great tomb of
1043:"Vast tunnel found beneath ancient Egyptian temple"
743:"Vast tunnel found beneath ancient Egyptian temple"
163:
155:
141:
136:
128:
91:
81:
70:
62:
1010:"Archaeologists Find Mummies With Golden Tongues"
562:Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
8:
765:"French Mission excavations Taposiris Magna"
711:A Companion to Ancient Egypt: Two Volume Set
525:. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 24.
19:
872:"Cleopatra search affected by Egypt crisis"
514:
512:
274:North View of Taposiris Magna Osiris Temple
551:
549:
471:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 162.
201:conquered Egypt in 332 BC and established
18:
935:"Mummy with a gold tongue found in Egypt"
286:Atop the Taenia ridge, an outcropping of
633:. Cornell University Press. p. 63.
457:
46:
753:from the original on November 9, 2022.
714:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 351.
7:
352:collar and a kilt. According to Dr.
793:(in French). London. Archived from
696:https://www.jstor.org/stable/311209
661:Eddie Edwards; Edward J. Edwards.
14:
848:. Dominican Today. Archived from
397:tomb of Cleopatra and Mark Antony
178:is a city established by Pharaoh
45:
38:
25:
933:Jarus, Owen (1 February 2021).
593:Dan Richardson (1 March 2003).
667:. Eddie Edwards. p. 171.
1:
1071:Archaeological sites in Egypt
708:Alan B. Lloyd (25 May 2010).
599:. Rough Guides. p. 825.
363:A necropolis containing many
339:that also transported water.
1008:Fortin, Jacey (2021-02-03).
920:International Business Times
404:Second Battle of El Alamein
1097:
1041:Jarus, Owen (7 Nov 2022).
565:. Routledge. p. 927.
465:Nardo, Don (2009-03-13).
33:
24:
785:ANN WUYTS (4 May 2010).
627:Michel Chauveau (2000).
292:lighthouse of Alexandria
266:The temple and the tower
1076:Cities in ancient Egypt
497:Encyclopedia Britannica
317:Description de l'Égypte
306:Other nearby structures
224:Description de l'Égypte
180:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
113:30.946167°N 29.518694°E
767:(in French). taposiris
320:
283:
275:
75:Alexandria Governorate
313:
281:
273:
63:Alternative name
16:Ancient Egyptian site
749:. November 7, 2022.
596:Rough Guide to Egypt
519:Győző Vörös (2006).
118:30.946167; 29.518694
852:on 10 November 2013
797:on October 29, 2011
333:Tunnel of Eupalinos
199:Alexander the Great
190:identifies with an
109: /
21:
1014:The New York Times
343:Recent excavations
321:
284:
282:Ruins of the tower
276:
244:Hellenistic period
132:Settlement, Temple
54:Shown within Egypt
988:Egypt Independent
878:. Dominican Today
721:978-1-4443-2006-0
674:978-1-257-15527-9
640:978-0-8014-8576-3
606:978-1-84353-050-3
572:978-0-415-18589-9
532:978-963-214-886-1
478:978-0-7377-4624-2
417:On 21 June 2020,
377:Kathleen Martínez
207:Ptolemaic Kingdom
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819:. Archived from
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314:The site in the
232:Evaristo Breccia
211:Egyptian dynasty
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922:. 11 June 2020.
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791:The Independent
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664:The French Ruse
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559:(14 May 1999).
557:Kathryn A. Bard
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192:Egyptian temple
176:Taposiris Magna
168:Ptolemaic Egypt
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20:Taposiris Magna
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1045:. Live Science
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876:27 August 2013
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846:9 August 2013
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823:on 2012-05-20
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815:Zahi Hawass.
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370:Cleopatra VII
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250:Role in trade
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215:Cleopatra VII
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194:in the city.
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1047:. Retrieved
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1025:. Retrieved
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992:. Retrieved
990:. 2021-01-30
987:
978:
967:. Retrieved
965:. 2021-02-02
962:
953:
942:. Retrieved
939:Live Science
938:
928:
919:
910:
901:
892:
880:. Retrieved
875:
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854:. Retrieved
850:the original
845:
836:
825:. Retrieved
821:the original
810:
799:. Retrieved
795:the original
790:
780:
769:. Retrieved
759:
747:Live Science
737:
725:. Retrieved
710:
703:
690:
678:. Retrieved
663:
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644:. Retrieved
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610:. Retrieved
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588:
576:. Retrieved
561:
536:. Retrieved
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500:. Retrieved
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386:
374:
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346:
329:
322:
315:
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285:
256:Lake Mariout
253:
236:Callisthenes
229:
222:
196:
175:
174:
159:280 – 270 BC
101:30°56′46.2″N
882:10 November
856:10 November
365:Greco-Roman
354:Zahi Hawass
217:in 30 BC.
209:, the last
116: /
104:29°31′7.3″E
92:Coordinates
1065:Categories
1049:9 November
1027:2021-06-17
994:2021-06-17
969:2021-06-17
944:2021-06-17
827:2012-06-10
801:2012-06-10
771:2012-06-10
502:2020-06-08
452:References
390:cleft chin
358:Ptolemy IV
325:necropolis
240:Siwa Oasis
203:Alexandria
150:Ptolemy IV
146:Ptolemy II
86:Alexandria
1081:Cleopatra
1022:0362-4331
902:Channel 4
435:afterlife
411:Channel 4
296:Cleopatra
288:limestone
186:", which
963:BBC News
751:Archived
347:Various
219:Napoleon
188:Plutarch
71:Location
433:in the
427:amulets
164:Periods
156:Founded
142:Builder
137:History
77:, Egypt
66:Abousir
1020:
727:8 June
718:
680:8 June
671:
646:8 June
637:
612:8 June
603:
578:8 June
569:
538:8 June
529:
475:
443:Wadjet
439:Hathor
431:Osiris
414:2016.
337:Greece
197:After
184:Osiris
82:Region
698:doi:1
260:Libya
1051:2022
1018:ISSN
884:2013
858:2013
729:2012
716:ISBN
682:2012
669:ISBN
648:2012
635:ISBN
614:2012
601:ISBN
580:2012
567:ISBN
540:2012
527:ISBN
473:ISBN
381:Isis
129:Type
335:in
1067::
1016:.
1012:.
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937:.
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900:.
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548:^
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148:,
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481:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
