969:
47:
1026:
63:
901:
For its last 100 mi (160 km) it is between 4 and 9 mi (6.4 and 14.5 km) wide and much of it very deep. The valley of the Tapajós is bordered on both sides by bluffs. They are from 300 to 400 ft (91 to 122 m) high along the lower river; but a few miles above
1224:
1072:
has referred to this issue as the next battle over saving the Amazon as a result of its controversy involving
Indigenous communities, the Brazilian government, large multinationals and international environmental organizations.
897:
falls are a more or less continuous series of formidable cataracts and rapids; but from the Maranhão Grande to the mouth of Tapajós, about 188 mi (303 km), the river can be navigated by large vessels.
1042:
1489:
Ohara, W.M.; Mirande, J.M.; & Lima, F.C.T.d. (2017). Phycocharax rasbora, a new genus and species of
Brazilian tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós basin. PLoS ONE 12(2):
1009:~6.5) and very clear with a greenish colour. Although most of the tributaries in the Tapajós basin also are clearwater, there are exceptions, including the blackwater Braço Norte River (southeastern
1363:
Physicochemical characterization of the white, black, and clearwater rivers of the Amazon Basin and its implications on the distribution of freshwater stingrays (Chondrichthyes, Potamotrygonidae).
1017:. Many of these have only been discovered within the last decade, and a conservative estimate suggests more than 500 fish species eventually will be recognized in the river basin.
1264:
1670:
1546:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1225:"The fate of vegetation remnants in the southern Amazon's largest threatened hotspot: part (I) a 33-year analysis of LULCC in the Tapajos River basin, Brazil"
1619:
1427:
1339:
Anne Karine, Arakian Izel; Francisco Oscar, Oliveira da Silva Junior; Kèssia Lira, Matos da Silva; Álvaro Ramos, Menezes Santos; Joecila, Santos Da Silva.
1315:
Michael, T. Coe; Marcos, Heil Costa; Aurélie, Botta; Charon, Birkett (23 Aug 2002). "Long-term simulations of discharge and floods in the Amazon Basin".
1223:
Guilherme, Augusto Borge; Gabriel, Mancilla; Auberto José, Barros
Siqueira; Maurício, Vancine; Milton, Cezar Ribeiro; João, Carlos de Souza Maia (2022).
1665:
1209:
994:
1050:
1046:
630:
953:
699:(Period of data: 1970–1996)8,339 m/s (294,500 cu ft/s) (Period: 1971–2000)8,419.3 m/s (297,320 cu ft/s)
1478:
1147:
1139:
1521:
1181:
1113:
927:
1257:
1034:
1153:
794:
643:(Period: 1931–2013)10,814.2 m/s (381,900 cu ft/s) (Period: 1970–1996)10,795 m/s (381,200 cu ft/s)
968:
380:
212:
476:(Period: 1985–2018)12,800 m/s (450,000 cu ft/s) (Period: 1973–1990)13,540 m/s (478,000 cu ft/s)
295:
1340:
1293:
1183:
GERAÇÃO ELÈTRICA E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS: AVALIAÇÃO ECONÕMICO-FINANCEIRA DE USINAS HIDRELÈTRICAS A FIO D'ÁGUA NO RIO TAPAJÓS
1038:
982:
848:
571:
1506:
1068:
to the Amazon River ports. A continuous chain of dams, with locks, would eliminate today's rapids and waterfalls. The
28:
1675:
871:
129:
1334:
1332:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
926:
and southwest a part of the Parque
Nacional do Jacaré Branco e Azulado and the follows the river, while a part of
915:
906:, they retire from the eastern side and do not approach the Amazon floodplain until some miles below Santarém.
875:
938:
1649:
Description of Forest-Types on "Terra Firme" between the Rio Tapajós and the Rio Xingú in the Amazon Valley
1316:
1045:
due to its expected impacts on indigenous and river communities. It would flood a part of the area of the
998:
957:
931:
903:
894:
455:
358:
1321:
1064:
The dams are part of a plan to convert the
Tapajos into a waterway for barges to take soybeans from
1069:
827:
819:
46:
1445:
1412:
1602:
1474:
1143:
1083:
1010:
949:
942:
836:
790:
182:
1592:
1584:
1431:. Vol. 01 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 783–790, see page 784.
1236:
1025:
1002:
847:, the Tapajós is approximately 2,080 km (1,290 mi) long. It is one of the largest
798:
1287:
1285:
1292:
Ivinny, Barros de Araújo; Aline Maria, Meiguins de Lima; Cleber, Assis dos Santos (2015).
990:
277:
1573:
Fearnside, Philip M. (2015), "Amazon dams and waterways: Brazil's Tapajo´s Basin plans",
1054:
1033:
The fish, along with many other endemic species of flora and fauna are threatened by the
496:
28,000 m/s (990,000 cu ft/s) 30,000 m/s (1,100,000 cu ft/s)
1597:
806:
778:
748:
740:
1417:
1005:, but differ from these in having water that at most only is somewhat acidic (typical
1659:
1422:
1013:
region). About 325 fish species are known from the Tapajós River basin, including 65
844:
802:
774:
265:
110:
1133:
1041:, whose environmental licensing process has been suspended – not yet cancelled – by
574:(420 km upstream of mouth; Basin size: 455,891.2 km (176,020.6 sq mi)
486:
2,500 m/s (88,000 cu ft/s) 4,000 m/s (140,000 cu ft/s)
1375:
890:
883:
852:
840:
754:
736:
346:
1522:"Amazon mega-dam suspended, providing hope for indigenous people and biodiversity"
1433:
Tributaries.....The
Tapajos, running through a humid, hot and unhealthy valley....
1341:"OBTENÇÃO DO POTENCIAL HIDROLÓGICO DO RIO TAPAJÓS ATRAVÉS DA CURVA DE PERMANÊNCIA"
1114:"Determining Monthly Discharge on the Tapajos River Using a Rainfall-Runoff Model"
1065:
986:
879:
341:
281:
198:
114:
1547:"Brazil sets concession auction for 8,040-MW Sao Luiz do Tapajos hydro project"
425:
840 km (520 mi) (825 km (513 mi)–843 km (524 mi))
1588:
1241:
689:
Barra de São Manuel (Basin size: 333,767.7 km (128,868.4 sq mi)
194:
62:
1398:
395:
382:
310:
297:
227:
214:
144:
131:
17:
1058:
973:
882:
river junction. The Tapajós River basin accounts for 6% of the water in the
1606:
993:; the latter arguably outside the Amazon). Clearwater rivers share the low
1037:
dams that are planned on the river. The largest of those projects is the
1014:
923:
522:
52:
870:
State, but the upper (southern) part forms the border between Pará and
867:
459:
362:
832:
463:
366:
81:
1575:
1024:
967:
919:
1402:. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
584:(Period: 1931–2012)12,998.3 m/s (459,030 cu ft/s)
941:
is located close to the sources of Tapajós's tributaries, near
1416:
1132:
Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System".
1006:
525:(Basin size: 460,101.1 km (177,646.0 sq mi)
67:
Map of the Amazon Basin with the Tapajós River highlighted
1295:
HIDROGEOMORFOLOGIA DA PAISAGEM DO MÉDIO-BAIXO RIO TAPAJÓS
719:
22,612 m/s (798,500 cu ft/s)(Year: 1979)
663:
31,623 m/s (1,116,800 cu ft/s)(1940/02)
633:(Basin size: 387,378 km (149,567 sq mi)
604:
39,277 m/s (1,387,100 cu ft/s)(1940/03)
535:(1985–2012)12,259 m/s (432,900 cu ft/s)
1620:"This will be the next battle over saving the Amazon"
709:
2,148 m/s (75,900 cu ft/s)(Year: 2002)
977:
pyrocephalus known only from the lower Tapajós basin
1553:, Brasilia: PennWell Corporation, 17 September 2014
784:
768:
760:
746:
732:
727:
713:
703:
693:
683:
675:
657:
653:
3,430 m/s (121,000 cu ft/s)(1931/09)
647:
637:
624:
616:
598:
594:
3,475 m/s (122,700 cu ft/s)(1963/10)
588:
578:
565:
557:
539:
529:
516:
508:
490:
480:
470:
449:
441:
429:
421:
411:
372:
352:
340:
326:
287:
271:
261:
243:
204:
188:
178:
160:
121:
104:
96:
87:
77:
72:
39:
866:For most of its length the Tapajós runs through
1568:
1566:
851:, accounting for about 6% of the water in the
1465:
1463:
886:, making it the fifth largest in the system.
545:34,233 m/s (1,208,900 cu ft/s)
433:494,253.9 km (190,832.5 sq mi)
8:
1647:Heinsdijk, Dammis, and Ricardo Lemos Fróes.
1469:Giovanetti, T.A.; and Vriends, M.M. (1991).
1256:Molinier M; et al. (22 November 1993).
928:Parque Nacional do Mico Verde de Olhos Azuis
1361:Duncan, W.P.; and Fernandes, M.N. (2010).
1081:The river is the sixth title of the album
1596:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1320:
1240:
1310:
1308:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1096:
1049:. Another is the planned 2,338 MW
1500:
1498:
1496:
1180:Daniel, Magalhães de Carvalho (2019).
36:
1473:, p. 15. Barron's Educational Serie.
1156:from the original on 21 October 2013.
1127:
1125:
1123:
826:
7:
1671:Rivers of Amazonas (Brazilian state)
1029:Sketch map showing locations of dams
985:in the Amazon Basin (the others are
1270:from the original on 7 October 2016
1258:"Hydrologie du Bassin de l'Amazone"
1135:The Inland waters of Latin America
1057:, would flood a large area of the
981:The Tapajós is one of three major
25:
1140:Food and Agriculture Organization
1053:. A third dam, the controversial
55:on the banks of the Tapajós River
1396:Hales, J., and P. Petry (2013).
1229:Agrarian and Biological Sciences
1051:Jatobá Hydroelectric Power Plant
1047:Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory
930:runs parallel to the river from
893:(a tributary of Juruena) to the
839:and is a major tributary of the
417:1.4 m (4 ft 7 in)
61:
45:
1666:Tributaries of the Amazon River
948:The Tapajós is named after the
1504:The Great Rivers Partnership:
374: • coordinates
289: • coordinates
206: • coordinates
123: • coordinates
1:
1446:"Geophagus sp. 'orange head'"
1035:Tapajós hydroelectric complex
997:and relatively low levels of
311:14.718338000°S 59.162718000°W
228:14.869378000°S 54.648013000°W
88:Physical characteristics
413: • elevation
328: • elevation
316:-14.718338000; -59.162718000
245: • elevation
233:-14.869378000; -54.648013000
162: • elevation
1511:Retrieved 16 February 2013.
685: • location
626: • location
567: • location
518: • location
451: • location
354: • location
273: • location
190: • location
106: • location
1692:
715: • maximum
705: • minimum
695: • average
659: • maximum
649: • minimum
639: • average
600: • maximum
590: • minimum
580: • average
541: • maximum
531: • average
492: • maximum
482: • minimum
472: • average
332:700 m (2,300 ft)
249:800 m (2,600 ft)
26:
1589:10.1007/s13280-015-0642-z
1242:10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32553
918:is formed by the Tapajós
843:. When combined with the
723:
671:
667:
612:
608:
553:
549:
504:
500:
437:
336:
257:
253:
174:
170:
92:
60:
44:
786: • right
29:Tapajós (disambiguation)
1428:Encyclopædia Britannica
1365:PanamJAS 5(3): 454-464.
1142:of the United Nations.
1039:São Luiz do Tapajós Dam
939:pole of inaccessibility
828:[ˈʁi.utɐpɐˈʒɔs]
770: • left
166:95 m (312 ft)
1061:Indigenous Territory.
1030:
978:
952:, an extinct group of
916:Amazônia National Park
914:The eastern border of
835:. It runs through the
823:
1028:
971:
396:2.40833°S 54.73667°W
145:7.33750°S 58.14306°W
27:For other uses, see
1507:Tapajós River Basin
1413:Church, George Earl
937:The South American
728:Basin features
572:São Luiz do Tapajós
401:-2.40833; -54.73667
392: /
307: /
224: /
150:-7.33750; -58.14306
141: /
1077:In popular culture
1031:
979:
878:is at the Juruena–
1526:Conservation news
1399:Tapajos – Juruena
1084:Aguas da Amazonia
1011:Serra do Cachimbo
1003:blackwater rivers
983:clearwater rivers
954:indigenous people
849:clearwater rivers
837:Amazon Rainforest
812:
811:
16:(Redirected from
1683:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1518:
1512:
1502:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1420:
1409:
1403:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1372:
1366:
1359:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1289:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1206:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1177:
1158:
1157:
1129:
1118:
1117:
1110:
999:dissolved solids
831:) is a river in
830:
787:
771:
751:
716:
706:
696:
686:
660:
650:
640:
627:
601:
591:
581:
568:
542:
532:
519:
493:
483:
473:
452:
407:
406:
404:
403:
402:
397:
393:
390:
389:
388:
385:
329:
322:
321:
319:
318:
317:
312:
308:
305:
304:
303:
300:
290:
274:
246:
239:
238:
236:
235:
234:
229:
225:
222:
221:
220:
217:
207:
191:
163:
156:
155:
153:
152:
151:
146:
142:
139:
138:
137:
134:
124:
117:junction, Brazil
107:
65:
49:
37:
21:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1643:
1641:Further reading
1638:
1637:
1628:
1626:
1624:Washington Post
1618:
1617:
1613:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1503:
1494:
1488:
1484:
1468:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1448:. SeriouslyFish
1444:
1443:
1439:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1378:. Amazon Waters
1374:
1373:
1369:
1360:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1322:10.1.1.549.3854
1314:
1313:
1306:
1298:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1194:
1186:
1179:
1178:
1161:
1150:
1131:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1111:
1098:
1093:
1079:
1070:Washington Post
1023:
966:
912:
895:Maranhão Grande
889:From the lower
864:
858:
785:
769:
747:
714:
704:
694:
684:
658:
648:
638:
625:
599:
589:
579:
566:
540:
530:
517:
491:
481:
471:
450:
414:
400:
398:
394:
391:
386:
383:
381:
379:
378:
375:
355:
327:
315:
313:
309:
306:
301:
298:
296:
294:
293:
288:
278:Parecis Plateau
272:
244:
232:
230:
226:
223:
219:54°38′52.8468″W
218:
215:
213:
211:
210:
205:
189:
161:
149:
147:
143:
140:
135:
132:
130:
128:
127:
122:
105:
68:
56:
35:
34:River in Brazil
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1689:
1687:
1679:
1678:
1676:Rivers of Pará
1673:
1668:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1611:
1562:
1538:
1513:
1492:
1482:
1459:
1437:
1423:Chisholm, Hugh
1418:"Amazon"
1404:
1389:
1367:
1349:
1328:
1304:
1281:
1248:
1215:
1192:
1159:
1148:
1119:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1078:
1075:
1022:
1019:
965:
962:
950:Tapajós people
911:
908:
872:Amazonas State
863:
860:
810:
809:
788:
782:
781:
772:
766:
765:
762:
758:
757:
752:
744:
743:
741:Atlantic Ocean
734:
730:
729:
725:
724:
721:
720:
717:
711:
710:
707:
701:
700:
697:
691:
690:
687:
681:
680:
677:
673:
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
661:
655:
654:
651:
645:
644:
641:
635:
634:
628:
622:
621:
618:
614:
613:
610:
609:
606:
605:
602:
596:
595:
592:
586:
585:
582:
576:
575:
569:
563:
562:
559:
555:
554:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
537:
536:
533:
527:
526:
520:
514:
513:
510:
506:
505:
502:
501:
498:
497:
494:
488:
487:
484:
478:
477:
474:
468:
467:
453:
447:
446:
443:
439:
438:
435:
434:
431:
427:
426:
423:
419:
418:
415:
412:
409:
408:
376:
373:
370:
369:
356:
353:
350:
349:
344:
338:
337:
334:
333:
330:
324:
323:
302:59°9′45.7848″W
299:14°43′6.0168″S
291:
285:
284:
275:
269:
268:
263:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
250:
247:
241:
240:
216:14°52′9.7608″S
208:
202:
201:
192:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
158:
157:
125:
119:
118:
108:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
50:
42:
41:
33:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1688:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1583:(5): 426–39,
1582:
1578:
1577:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1479:0-8120-4669-2
1476:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1266:
1263:(in French).
1259:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1149:92-5-000780-9
1145:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1021:Proposed dams
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
976:
975:
970:
963:
961:
959:
955:
951:
946:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
909:
907:
905:
899:
896:
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
861:
859:
856:
854:
850:
846:
845:Juruena River
842:
838:
834:
829:
825:
821:
817:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
789:
783:
780:
776:
773:
767:
763:
759:
756:
753:
750:
745:
742:
738:
735:
731:
726:
722:
718:
712:
708:
702:
698:
692:
688:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
656:
652:
646:
642:
636:
632:
629:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
597:
593:
587:
583:
577:
573:
570:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
538:
534:
528:
524:
521:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
489:
485:
479:
475:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
410:
405:
377:
371:
368:
364:
360:
357:
351:
348:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
325:
320:
292:
286:
283:
279:
276:
270:
267:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
242:
237:
209:
203:
200:
196:
193:
187:
184:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
159:
154:
126:
120:
116:
112:
109:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
83:
80:
76:
71:
64:
59:
54:
48:
43:
40:Tapajós River
38:
30:
19:
18:Tapajos River
1648:
1627:. Retrieved
1623:
1614:
1580:
1574:
1555:, retrieved
1550:
1541:
1530:. Retrieved
1528:. 2016-04-22
1525:
1516:
1505:
1485:
1470:
1450:. Retrieved
1440:
1432:
1426:
1407:
1397:
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1370:
1362:
1294:
1272:. Retrieved
1251:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1182:
1134:
1082:
1080:
1063:
1055:Chacorão Dam
1032:
995:conductivity
980:
972:
947:
936:
913:
900:
891:Arinos River
888:
884:Amazon Basin
865:
857:
853:Amazon basin
841:Amazon River
815:
813:
749:River system
466:(near mouth)
51:The city of
1551:Hydro World
1471:Discus Fish
1066:Mato Grosso
934:and south.
880:Teles Pires
824:Rio Tapajós
791:Teles Pires
761:Tributaries
733:Progression
399: /
314: /
282:Mato Grosso
231: /
199:Mato Grosso
183:Teles Pires
148: /
115:Teles Pires
1660:Categories
1629:2016-04-22
1557:2017-02-13
1532:2016-04-22
1452:22 October
1382:10 October
1091:References
820:Portuguese
799:Das Tropas
430:Basin size
387:54°44′12″W
262:3rd source
195:Serra Azul
179:2nd source
1490:e0170648.
1317:CiteSeerX
1059:Munduruku
991:Tocantins
974:Geophagus
910:Geography
676:Discharge
617:Discharge
558:Discharge
509:Discharge
442:Discharge
384:2°24′30″S
136:58°8′35″W
133:7°20′15″S
1607:25794814
1415:(1911).
1376:"Waters"
1265:Archived
1210:"Amazon"
1154:Archived
1015:endemics
958:Santarém
943:Utiariti
932:Santarém
924:Itaituba
904:Santarém
807:Jamanxim
779:Arapiuns
523:Itaituba
456:Santarém
359:Santarém
73:Location
53:Itaituba
1651:. 1956.
1598:4510327
1425:(ed.).
1274:16 July
1116:. 2019.
964:Ecology
922:. From
816:Tapajós
803:Crepori
775:Juruena
462:State,
365:State,
266:Juruena
111:Juruena
78:Country
1605:
1595:
1477:
1319:
1146:
876:source
874:. The
862:Course
833:Brazil
795:Cururu
764:
755:Amazon
737:Amazon
679:
631:Jatobá
620:
561:
512:
464:Brazil
445:
422:Length
367:Brazil
347:Amazon
100:
97:Source
82:Brazil
1576:Ambio
1421:. In
1344:(PDF)
1299:(PDF)
1268:(PDF)
1261:(PDF)
1187:(PDF)
1043:IBAMA
1001:with
987:Xingu
956:from
920:River
342:Mouth
1603:PMID
1475:ISBN
1454:2017
1384:2017
1276:2017
1144:ISBN
989:and
868:Pará
814:The
460:Pará
363:Pará
1593:PMC
1585:doi
1237:doi
1662::
1622:.
1601:,
1591:,
1581:44
1579:,
1565:^
1549:,
1524:.
1495:^
1462:^
1352:^
1331:^
1307:^
1284:^
1235:.
1233:11
1231:.
1227:.
1195:^
1162:^
1152:.
1138:.
1122:^
1099:^
1087:.
1007:pH
960:.
945:.
855:.
822::
805:,
801:,
797:,
793:,
777:,
739:→
458:,
361:,
280:,
197:,
1632:.
1587::
1535:.
1509:.
1456:.
1386:.
1346:.
1325:.
1301:.
1278:.
1245:.
1239::
1212:.
1189:.
818:(
113:–
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.