273:. He had escaped and had traveled north to Virginia. Walker recorded the 60-word lexicon he had learned from Lamhatty on the back of a letter, while Beverley wrote an account of Lamhatty's story. According to Beverley, Walker began treating Lamhatty like a slave once he learned other Tawasa were enslaved. Lamhatty escaped and went into the woods, never to be heard from again.
164:
236:
considering it a dialect of
Timucua, others arguing it was a distinct language in the Timucua family, and yet others such as John Hann doubting that Lamhatty was a Tawasa at all. The language shows significant
288:. Linguist Julian Granberry identifies it as a dialect of Timucua. Others, such as John Hann, are skeptical of the accuracy of Beverley's account. He questions whether Lamhatty was a Tawasa at all.
1058:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
207:
1003:
257:, eventually arriving at the estate of Colonel John Walker. Taking an interest in him, Walker introduced him to colonial historian
176:
949:
276:
There has been scholarly debate about the place of Tawasa among languages. Studying the word list in the early 20th century,
1053:
339:
140:
186:
218:, it is known exclusively through a word list attributed to a Tawasa named Lamhatty, collected in 1707.
233:
357:
337:
258:
285:
229:
939:
999:
945:
1031:
281:
266:
238:
225:
92:
72:
84:
941:
The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the
English Empire in the American South, 1670-1717
296:
Tawasa words are a bit difficult to make out, due to
English respellings. For example,
232:. This opinion has been the subject of significant scholarly debate, with some such as
1047:
356:
in Tawasa, which appears to be a
Muskogean suffix. Others appear to have the Timucua
211:
133:
65:
277:
221:
1035:
261:. Through an interpreter, Lamhatty explained that he was from the village of
149:
114:
163:
254:
194:
182:
270:
215:
190:
55:
17:
168:
Pre-contact distribution of the
Timucua language (Florida) and Tawasa
861:'moon' appears to be an Alabama form, its compounds are Timucuan:
265:
near the Gulf of Mexico. He had been captured and enslaved by the
253:
In 1707 an Indian named
Lamhatty arrived in the British colony of
224:
studied the
Lamhatty word list and identified the language as a
1022:
Swanton, John R.; Walker, John (1929). "The Tawasa
Language".
1017:. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press. pp. 10–11.
228:
dialect, suggesting it was intermediary between
Timucua and
269:, who had transported him eastward and had sold him to the
193:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
352:
was . Some of the following correspondences have a final
241:
influence, including the
Muskogean same-subject suffix
998:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
1059:
Indigenous languages of the North American Southeast
147:
131:
112:
107:
81:
71:
61:
50:
42:
32:
1015:A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language
766:Correspondences with Muskogean and Timucua are,
284:, and suggested Tawasa was an intermediary with
996:A History of the Timucua Indians and Missions
8:
944:. Yale University Press. pp. 307–308.
162:
29:
964:
863:
768:
365:
1084:Unclassified languages of North America
930:
187:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
1079:Languages extinct in the 18th century
7:
976:
904:ela-toco 'sun-come out' = 'sunrise'
363:. Timucua forms are Mocama dialect.
1074:Native American history of Florida
1069:Native American history of Alabama
1064:Extinct languages of North America
25:
210:. Ostensibly the language of the
336:, which was probably pronounced
27:Extinct Native American language
918:ela-echa 'sun-enter = 'sunset'
280:noted the similarity with the
1:
1036:10.1525/aa.1929.31.3.02a00040
1100:
1013:Granberry, Julian (1993).
173:
161:
37:
208:Native American language
1024:American Anthropologist
332:corresponds to Timucua
300:corresponds to Timucua
994:Hann, John H. (1996).
214:people of what is now
175:This article contains
979:, pp. 6, 131–134
938:Gallay, Alan (2002).
817:Alabama: nila haši
922:
921:
855:
854:
764:
763:
201:
200:
183:rendering support
179:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
1091:
1054:Timucua language
1039:
1018:
1009:
980:
974:
968:
967:, pp. 10–11
965:Granberry (1993)
962:
956:
955:
935:
864:
769:
366:
343:
282:Timucua language
234:Julian Granberry
166:
143:
126:
117:
87:
30:
21:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1021:
1012:
1006:
993:
989:
984:
983:
975:
971:
963:
959:
952:
937:
936:
932:
927:
294:
271:Savannah people
259:Robert Beverley
251:
181:Without proper
169:
139:
136:
124:
113:
103:
88:
85:Language family
83:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1097:
1095:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1030:(3): 435–453.
1019:
1010:
1004:
990:
988:
985:
982:
981:
969:
957:
950:
929:
928:
926:
923:
920:
919:
916:
913:
910:
906:
905:
902:
899:
896:
895:ássick-toúquah
892:
891:
890:homa 'finish'
888:
885:
882:
878:
877:
874:
871:
868:
853:
852:
849:
846:
843:
839:
838:
835:
832:
831:Natchez: ičina
829:
828:chénah, chénoh
825:
824:
821:
818:
815:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
797:
796:
793:
790:
787:
783:
782:
779:
776:
773:
762:
761:
758:
755:
751:
750:
747:
744:
743:chicky, chiéky
740:
739:
736:
733:
729:
728:
725:
722:
718:
717:
714:
711:
707:
706:
703:
700:
696:
695:
692:
689:
685:
684:
681:
678:
674:
673:
670:
667:
663:
662:
659:
656:
652:
651:
648:
645:
641:
640:
637:
634:
630:
629:
626:
623:
619:
618:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
597:
596:
593:
590:
586:
585:
582:
579:
575:
574:
571:
568:
564:
563:
560:
557:
553:
552:
549:
546:
542:
541:
538:
535:
531:
530:
527:
524:
520:
519:
516:
513:
509:
508:
505:
502:
498:
497:
494:
491:
487:
486:
483:
480:
476:
475:
472:
469:
465:
464:
461:
458:
454:
453:
450:
447:
443:
442:
439:
436:
432:
431:
428:
425:
421:
420:
417:
414:
410:
409:
406:
403:
399:
398:
395:
392:
388:
387:
384:
381:
377:
376:
373:
370:
293:
290:
250:
247:
206:is an extinct
199:
198:
185:, you may see
171:
170:
167:
159:
158:
153:
145:
144:
137:
132:
129:
128:
118:
110:
109:
108:Language codes
105:
104:
102:
101:
91:
89:
82:
79:
78:
75:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
52:
48:
47:
44:
43:Native to
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1096:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1005:0-8130-1424-7
1001:
997:
992:
991:
986:
978:
973:
970:
966:
961:
958:
953:
947:
943:
942:
934:
931:
924:
917:
914:
911:
909:ássick-eachah
908:
907:
903:
900:
897:
894:
893:
889:
886:
883:
881:ássick hóomah
880:
879:
875:
872:
869:
866:
865:
862:
860:
850:
847:
845:Creek: tó'tka
844:
841:
840:
836:
833:
830:
827:
826:
822:
819:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
803:Alabama: haši
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
789:Alabama: časi
788:
785:
784:
780:
777:
774:
771:
770:
767:
759:
756:
753:
752:
748:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
731:
730:
726:
723:
721:wiéo-tt opù-t
720:
719:
715:
712:
709:
708:
704:
701:
698:
697:
693:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
676:
675:
671:
668:
665:
664:
660:
657:
654:
653:
649:
646:
643:
642:
638:
635:
632:
631:
627:
624:
621:
620:
616:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
599:
598:
594:
591:
588:
587:
583:
580:
577:
576:
572:
569:
566:
565:
561:
558:
555:
554:
550:
547:
544:
543:
539:
536:
533:
532:
528:
525:
522:
521:
517:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
499:
495:
492:
489:
488:
484:
481:
478:
477:
473:
470:
467:
466:
462:
459:
456:
455:
451:
448:
445:
444:
440:
437:
434:
433:
429:
426:
423:
422:
418:
415:
412:
411:
407:
404:
401:
400:
396:
393:
390:
389:
385:
382:
379:
378:
374:
371:
368:
367:
364:
362:
359:
355:
351:
347:
341:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
291:
289:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
248:
246:
244:
240:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
178:
172:
165:
160:
157:
154:
152:
151:
146:
142:
138:
135:
134:Linguist List
130:
122:
119:
116:
111:
106:
100:
97:
96:
94:
90:
86:
80:
76:
74:
70:
67:
66:Tawasa people
64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
46:United States
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1027:
1023:
1014:
995:
972:
960:
940:
933:
858:
856:
765:
746:chiri, qichi
534:peétchcuttah
523:pekénnahough
360:
353:
349:
345:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:, and often
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
295:
278:John Swanton
275:
262:
252:
242:
222:John Swanton
220:
203:
202:
174:
155:
148:
120:
98:
77:18th century
977:Hann (1996)
727:salt water
537:peqecheqeta
324:to Timucua
189:instead of
1048:Categories
987:References
951:0300101937
559:tuma-yucha
556:tomo-eúcha
344:. Timucua
292:Vocabulary
887:full moon
857:Although
775:Muskogean
760:how many
661:sit down
589:ocut-soúa
512:pekétchah
479:checúttah
328:. Tawasa
286:Muskogean
267:Tuscarora
230:Muskogean
150:Glottolog
115:ISO 639-3
62:Ethnicity
912:ela-echa
898:ela-toco
884:acu homa
669:(a)ruqui
584:tobacco
578:hewéenou
526:piqinaho
501:mareékah
438:hiyaraba
413:pítcho-t
255:Virginia
249:Evidence
226:Timucuan
195:Help:IPA
93:Timucuan
54:eastern
38:Teouachi
870:Timucua
786:chesapà
778:Timucua
749:little
724:ibi-api
710:wiéo-tt
666:loókqŭy
633:uēkheth
622:uēkqūah
592:ucuchua
515:piqicha
490:márouah
482:cheqeta
446:yáukfah
380:effalàh
372:Timucua
348:were ;
239:Alabama
216:Alabama
191:Unicode
141:tjm-taw
73:Extinct
56:Alabama
1002:
948:
876:notes
867:Tawasa
859:ássick
842:tútcah
814:ássick
800:hássey
795:maize
792:tapola
781:gloss
772:Tawasa
754:sōquàh
738:great
716:water
699:colúte
688:wiedōō
683:woman
639:there
581:hinino
570:hue-le
567:foóley
545:toómah
504:mareca
468:hóp-ho
457:eúksah
449:yanqua
430:drink
424:ocoò-t
419:knife
397:bread
394:pesolo
383:efa-la
375:gloss
369:Tawasa
358:copula
298:oo, ou
263:Tawasa
212:Tawasa
204:Tawasa
99:Tawasa
51:Region
33:Tawasa
18:Tawasa
925:Notes
873:gloss
851:fire
823:moon
757:chuca
655:héwah
650:come
644:hĕmèh
628:here
595:door
573:hand
493:marua
460:yucha
435:heă-t
416:picho
408:meat
391:písso
342:]
338:[
322:e, ee
1000:ISBN
946:ISBN
915:west
901:east
848:taca
809:sun
735:yayu
732:yōwe
705:bow
702:colo
694:man
691:biro
677:néăh
672:boy
658:hiba
647:hime
636:heqe
617:you
548:tuma
471:hapu
441:cat
405:soba
402:soúa
386:dog
346:c, q
306:ough
156:None
121:None
1032:doi
837:he
834:oqe
820:acu
806:ela
713:ibi
680:nia
562:20
551:10
427:ucu
361:-la
316:to
308:to
177:IPA
125:mis
1050::
1028:31
1026:.
625:ca
614:he
611:hé
606:I
603:ho
600:oū
540:9
529:8
518:7
507:6
496:5
485:4
474:3
463:2
452:1
350:qu
318:yu
314:eu
312:,
304:,
245:.
243:-t
95:?
1038:.
1034::
1008:.
954:.
354:t
340:β
334:b
330:w
326:i
310:o
302:u
197:.
127:)
123:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
