453:, are unable to move from the site of a prolonged oil release and are, thus, likely to suffer the most from a spill; he also claims that smaller organisms are typically impacted to a greater extent than larger organisms in cases of oil spills. According to Jones, it is impossible to know how long it will take for marine life to recover because to determine the recovery of the relevant sea life, the pre-spill conditions must be known so post-spill conditions can be measured in comparison. Furthermore, determining recovery also depends on which organisms are being considered because different organisms will recover at different paces. Jones points out a problem with the varying recovery paces of the affected organisms: "...differences in recovery rates may lead to unbalanced ecosystems with consequences for some species even if these species were not directly impacted by the spill itself. However, considering past spills, recovery can, in some cases, take decades."
308:, although Taylor Energy reported the spill to the USCG at the time, The Coast Guard "...monitored the site for more than half a decade without making the public fully aware..." of the severity of the leak. For six years, Taylor Energy secretly repeated attempts to cap the leaks and failed over and over. Because no people died from the accident and because there was no immediate and obvious impact on surrounding ecosystems, Taylor Energy and the government managed to keep the disaster completely secret from the public. Increased attention came in 2010, when observers monitoring the Deepwater Horizon oil spill discovered a persistent oil slick at the Taylor site.
471:
communities to clean up hazardous spills. Oil is still being collected and sold from the Gulf in cleanup efforts from the Taylor spill, and the oil and gas industry continues to experience bankruptcies resulting in tens of thousands of
Louisiana oil and gas workers becoming unemployed. With that said, these unemployed but knowledgeable oil and gas workers could be employed again to evaluate and tend to current oil infrastructure that might decay and become faulty over time. Ultimately, cleaning oil out of the Gulf of Mexico could actually be well-paid work for those who need it. The policy framework for this idea is still quite underdeveloped, however.
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to dwindle to around 12 gallons per day, but after an examination of 2,300 pollution reports by the
Associated Press, the spill was presumed to be dramatically increasing in both volume and area. The spill continues at a rate of approximately a thousand gallons a day which areis being collected subsea by The Couvillion Group. As of June 2022, the Taylor MC20 spill is the longest-running and second largest in US history.
232:
estimated between nine and 108 barrels per day are being spilled, making it one of the worst modern oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico by volume. Since 2019, Couvillion Group, retained by the USCG after a national RFP (Request for
Proposal) process, has been capturing approximately a thousand gallons per day. The reserves are likely sufficient for the spill to continue for more than 100 years if not further contained.
480:
Energy, in agreement with the U.S. Coast Guard, purposefully neglected its obligation to adhere to the aforementioned policy when it chose to hide the spill from the public. In fact, in 2009, a private company testing fish in the area of the spill confirmed that there was an “acceptable risk” to humans, should they consume the fish, yet Taylor Energy still neglected to make the public aware of the spill.
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Coastal Ocean
Science estimated that the flow rate of oil leaking at the site was between 9 and 108 barrels per day. The resulting oil sheen was estimated in 2015 to cover 8 square miles (21 km). As of 2014, the sheen was approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide and 14 miles (23 km) long, with an average of 1 mile (1.6 km) wide and 5.5 miles (8.9 km) long.
42:
414:, and although Taylor Energy formulated plans to resolve the issue and presented these plans to federal regulators, the details were not released to the public. Taylor Energy sold its remaining oil assets to Korea National Oil Corporation and Samsung C&T Corporation in 2008, and as of 2015 had only a single employee and one leaking platform with 28 wells.
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had been fixed. Pecue's goal was to recover $ 450 million, arguing the spill could not be contained and that the disaster was no one's fault because the company had no control over
Hurricane Ivan. He claimed: “I can affirmatively say that we do believe this was an act of God under the legal definition.” However, according to
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to decommission the site, and the USCG established a dedicated multi-agency unified command structure to complete and oversee the work. Although the
Minerals Management Service had ordered Taylor Energy to complete decommissioning by June 2008, they failed to do so, claiming "...the technology needed
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indicated that as of 2015, that the spill may have emptied up to 1,400,000 US gallons (5,300,000 L; 1,200,000 imp gal) of oil, then making it the eighth largest spill in the Gulf of Mexico since 1970. Taylor Energy originally estimated the volume of the spill was in decline and was set
311:
The
Louisiana Environmental Action Network and several other conservationist organizations sued Taylor Energy in 2012, alleging that they, along with the federal government, had withheld information from the public in a way that was "inconsistent with national policy," specifically a provision of the
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Taylor Energy's lawsuit attempting to recover this money was dismissed in 2021, as the lawsuit did not allow the utilization of the Taylor fund. The consent decree reached by US Government and TEC turned over that money. The lawsuit against Timmy
Couvillion and The Couvillion Group for “trespassing”
483:
In accordance with the law, there is a mandatory fine for not reporting a hazardous spill, but there is no fine for lying about the extent of a spill. This is precisely what Taylor Energy did; in 2015, an
Associated Press investigation determined that Taylor Energy had been downplaying the extent of
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In addition to environmental concerns, there is also concern about the oil spill having negative consequences on human health. Research on the effects of the Taylor oil spill on marine life has determined that fish tend not to accumulate the harmful chemicals found in oil to the extent that it poses
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reported that Taylor Energy has spent "tens of millions of dollars" in containment efforts. However, Taylor Energy contends that "nothing can be done to completely halt the chronic slicks..." According to the Bureau of Safety and
Environmental Enforcement, collaborative efforts have resulted in the
331:
In 2015, the Associated Press conducted an investigation into the spill, and when provided with the results, the U.S. Coast Guard updated their leak estimates to one that was "about 20 times greater than one recently touted by the company. Additional information regarding the spill has been withheld
487:
At a 2016 public forum Taylor Energy's President William Pecue, argued that his company should be allowed to walk away from its obligation to clean up the oil spill in the Gulf. A third of the company's $ 666 million trust money had been spent on cleanup, but only about a third of the leaking wells
231:
Upper estimates of the spill have been calculated to be as much as 140,000,000 US gallons (530,000,000 L; 120,000,000 imp gal), or about 3,333,300 barrels of oil lost over the life of the disaster, and affecting an area as large as 8 square miles (21 km). As of late 2019, it was
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As of 2018, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was three years behind the deadline for producing a study of the environmental impacts of the spill. In July 2018, the non-profit Earthjustice filed a lawsuit against NOAA for "failing to produce a timely study." As of 2018, no
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Environmentalists took Taylor Energy to court for engaging in a “secret deal” with the federal government that did not adhere to national policies that state that, in the event of a hazardous spill, citizen participation will be provided, encouraged, and assisted. According to the lawsuit, Taylor
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in 2015, Taylor Energy contended that "there is no evidence to suggest that any wells are leaking," but that a "small residual sheen persists as the result of soil contamination that cannot safely and feasibly be addressed." However, the U.S. government reports concluded that "oil is most likely
470:
As of 2018, there has been no economic impact analysis conducted to investigate the value of oil leaking into the sea and the potential loss of taxpayer dollars. As of 2019, studies focused more on economic opportunities, such as how jobs can be created by the oil companies that work with local
348:
As of October 2018, it was estimated that between 300 and 700 barrels of oil per day were being spilled near the Taylor Energy site. In May 2019, the U.S. Coast Guard installed a containment system that has been collecting 30 barrels per day. As of June 2019, a report by the National Center for
326:
that occurred in 2010. Crews monitoring the area observed a similar contamination profile coming from the old Taylor Energy site. As of 2014, the sheen was approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide and 14 miles (23 km) long, with an average of 1 mile (1.6 km) wide and 5.5 miles
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the spill, claiming that only about two gallons a day were leaking into the Gulf, when in fact it was nearly 90 gallons a day. That number has been further updated to approximately a thousand gallons a day by the verified receipt of oil being captured daily by Couvillion Group.
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a risk to the health of humans consuming the fish. However, the research notes that this is not true for all invertebrates in the area. In other words, some sea life may accumulate harmful chemicals from the oil spill and thereby pose a risk to human health.
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buried beneath the sea floor at approximately 475 feet (145 m) below the surface. At the moment of capsizing, more than 600 barrels of crude oil, each containing 42 gallons, tumbled into the Gulf. The rig, leaking oil, was buried in 150 feet of mud.
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Taylor Energy claims to have spent as much as $ 435 million decommissioning the site, and that nothing further can be done to contain the spill. They further state that current observations of oil plumes in the area are the result of
243:
In 2019, the U.S. Coast Guard and private contractors finally began to contain the majority of the leaking oil, but after 16 years of uncontrolled leakage, the Taylor spill has become the nation's longest continuous oil spill.
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removal of the platform deck, removal of subsea debris, decommissioning of the oil pipeline, and efforts to plug nine of the affected wells, but that, despite these efforts, there is ongoing oil discharge from the site.
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On May 16, 2019, the USCG reported that Couvillion Group's containment system was working well enough to reduce the heavy surface sheen to barely visible, as it was collecting approximately 1,000 gallons per day.
376:
428:, under Captain Christi Luttrell, issues a nationwide RFP to contain the MC20 spill in 2018. This RFP resulted in the creation of a working containment system by Couvillion Group, the selected contractor.
240:, and not an active spill. These claims, have been disputed by non-profit groups, the press and government officials based on the actual volume of oil currently being safely captured by Couvillion Group.
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In an order issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Taylor Energy Co. was told to "institute a … system to capture, contain, or remove oil" from the site or face a $ 40,000 per day fine for failing to comply.
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article exposing a decade of lax enforcement, the USCG issued an order requiring cleanup of the site and blockage of the leaks; otherwise, Taylor Energy would face fines of $ 40,000 a day.
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in 2004. It is the longest-running oil spill in U.S. history. It was first brought to public attention when contamination at the site was noticed in 2010 by those monitoring the nearby
257:
Taylor took over an oil-production platform once operated by BP in 1995. The Taylor Energy Mississippi Canyon 20 site was constructed in 1984, 11 miles (18 km) southeast of the
544:
372:, the leak represented a "...significant threat..." to the surrounding environment, although they did not find evidence that oil from the spill had reached the nearby shoreline.
368:(BSEE), if not contained, the tapped reserves contain sufficient oil for the spill to continue beyond 2100 before the site would be depleted. According to a 2008 report from the
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emanating from one or more of the 25 wells ... because the discharge volume is greater than can reasonably be accounted for by oil released from sediment only."
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of Hurricane Ivan passed within 62 miles (100 km) of the site, generating 145 mph winds and waves of roughly 70 to 80 feet high. The storm caused
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filed a lawsuit against NOAA for "...failing to produce a timely study." As of 2018, no economic impact analysis of the spill had been conducted.
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structure" in 490 feet (150 m) deep water, with 28 active and semi-active wells reaching reservoirs up to 2.08 miles (3.35 km) deep.
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336:(NOAA) was three years behind the deadline for producing a study of the environmental impacts of the spill. In July 2018, the non-profit
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Taylor Energy reached an agreement with the federal government to establish a $ 666 million trust to fund a response to the spill.
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was also dismissed and the contractor continues to capture oil that would otherwise enter Gulf of Mexico waters as of April 2022.
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886:"An Integrated Assessment of Oil and Gas Release into the Marine Environment at the Former Taylor Energy MC20 Site"
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by the company, with the approval of the government, in the "name of protecting trade secrets." As of 2018, the
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989:"The U.S. is trying to end the longest oil spill in history. And this company is fighting against it in court"
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The wells that have had efforts made to plug include: well numbers 1, 4, 10, 11, 13, 16, 17, 19, and 21
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932:"A 14-year-long oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico verges on becoming one of the worst in U.S. history"
655:"More than 1 million gallons of oil – so far – collected from longest-running spill in U.S. history"
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in 2015 challenged the estimates of the extent of the leak originally given by the company and the
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Clean Water Act, which mandates "public participation in the ... enforcement of any regulation."
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687:"Taylor Energy Oil Spill: Stanching the longest-running oil spill you've likely never heard of"
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According to University of Miami marine biologist Robert Jones, some species, namely benthic
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728:"Incident Archive - Taylor Energy Oil Discharge at MC-20 Site and Ongoing Response Efforts"
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228:(USCG), which were then revised to be around 1,000 times greater than initially reported.
834:"Lessons from the Taylor Energy Oil Spill: History, seasonality, and nutrient limitation"
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1123:"This Oil Leak Could Last for 100 Years — and the Company Involved Refuses to Fix It"
782:"Louisiana Company to Pay $ 43 Million for Longest-Running Oil Spill in U.S. History"
755:"Longest Oil Spill in U.S. History May Be 900 Times Larger Than Originally Estimated"
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1328:"Judge dismisses Taylor Energy lawsuit against company cleaning up its oil leak"
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Oil Spill Seeping Into Gulf Of Mexico Contained After 14 Years, Coast Guard Says
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1193:"Coast Guard orders cleanup of massive 14-year oil spill in Gulf of Mexico"
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was one of the hundreds of hurricanes tracked in the Gulf since the 1800s.
1150:. United States District Court Eastern District Of Louisiana. May 22, 2015
959:"The Biggest Oil Leak You've Never Heard Of, Still Leaking After 12 Years"
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to plug the wells at the site did not yet—and still does not—exist..."
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Location of the Taylor oil spill, off the southeast coast of Louisiana
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and 12 miles off the Louisiana coast. It comprised a "fixed, eight-
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United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana
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198:, around 11 miles (18 km) off the coast of the U.S. state of
1291:"The Longest-Running Offshore Oil Spill You've Never Heard About"
1145:"Apalachicola Riverkeeper, et al., v. Taylor Energy Company, LLC"
489:
54:
Louisiana showing spill site relative to the Mississippi delta
808:"Technology Continues to Win in Taylor Energy Spill Recovery"
1170:"UPDATE 1-South Korean firms acquire stakes in oil fields"
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Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States)
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economic impact analysis of the spill had been conducted.
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In 2008, Taylor Energy entered into an agreement with the
16:
Oil spill off the coast of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico
1070:"Secrecy Shrouds Decade-Old Oil Spill In Gulf Of Mexico"
1038:. NOAA Office of Response and Restoration. June 28, 2019
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United States of America vs. Taylor Energy Company LLC.
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Currently collecting approximately 1,000 gallons a day
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1222:"Engineering Firm Helps Contain 15-year-old Oil Spill"
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History of the petroleum industry in the United States
1272:"Assessing the impact of the Taylor Energy oil spill"
1036:"Largest Oil Spills Affecting U.S. Waters Since 1969"
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and moved it 560 feet (170 m) from its original
629:"Skytruth Alert: NRC Report: Unknown Oil 2017-10-12"
1312: (Eastern District of Louisiana 2021),
1101:"Oil Spill Has Been Leaking Into Gulf for a Decade"
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843:Thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the
734:. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
352:Estimates by the environmental non-profit group
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1068:Michael Kunzelman; Jeff Donn (April 16, 2015).
334:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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732:Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
366:Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
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1366:Oil platform disasters in the United States
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202:. It is the result of the destruction of a
1289:Zaitchik, Alexander (September 23, 2020).
1220:Armistead, Thomas F. (September 3, 2019).
890:National Centers for Ocean Coastal Science
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578:The site is alternatively referred to as "
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1011:"Louisiana Environmental Action Network"
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1326:Baurick, Tristan (September 1, 2020).
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406:Containment efforts were disrupted by
417:On October 23, 2018, one day after a
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1172:. Reuters. Reuters. January 31, 2008
1376:2004 disasters in the United States
1191:Darryl Fears (November 20, 2018).
1121:Donaghy, Tim (February 19, 2016).
930:Fears, Darryl (October 21, 2018).
14:
832:Sarah Josephine Harrison (2017).
806:Vaccaro, Nick (January 7, 2022).
289:. The result was 25 – 28 leaking
1356:Oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico
1099:Zoë Schlanger (April 18, 2015).
753:Yessenia Funes (June 25, 2019).
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40:
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1361:Oil spills in the United States
987:Fears, Darryl (March 2, 2019).
253:Taylor Energy oil platform MC20
179:Gulf Coast of the United States
1243:Romo, Vanessa (May 16, 2019),
685:WERTHEIM, JON (June 5, 2022).
375:In documents submitted to the
269:Hurricane Ivan and Gulf storms
1:
580:Taylor Energy platform 23051
170:8 square miles (21 km)
390:Minerals Management Service
273:On September 16, 2004, the
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1386:Maritime incidents in 2004
475:Legal aspects and lawsuits
319:Oil sheen from the nearby
1381:2004 industrial disasters
1224:. Engineering News-Record
426:United States Coast Guard
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1401:2010s in the environment
1396:2000s in the environment
259:Plaquemines-Balize Delta
1391:2004 in the environment
870:CS1 maint: postscript (
188:Taylor Energy oil spill
24:Taylor Energy oil spill
1371:Disasters in Louisiana
1278:. University of Miami.
859:Cite journal requires
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238:contaminated sediments
991:. The Washington Post
934:. The Washington Post
845:University of Georgia
318:
279:underwater landslides
154:Spill characteristics
99:28.93583°N 88.97000°W
784:. The New York Times
540:Anthropogenic hazard
457:Human health impacts
441:Environmental impact
51:class=notpageimage|
1197:The Washington Post
1074:The Huffington Post
759:earther.gizmodo.com
399:The Huffington Post
384:Containment efforts
327:(8.9 km) long.
305:The Washington Post
104:28.93583; -88.97000
95: /
610:(November 7, 2021)
550:List of oil spills
518:Environment portal
329:
281:that capsized the
220:. A report by the
175:Shoreline impacted
1080:on April 17, 2015
810:. Oilman Magazine
408:Hurricane Katrina
322:Deepwater Horizon
216:Deepwater Horizon
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102: /
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1350:Categories
965:. EcoWatch
689:. CBS News
615:References
606:60 Minutes
362:Greenpeace
291:well heads
136:Casualties
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761:. Gizmodo
344:Magnitude
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287:anchorage
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765:July 15,
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128:Cause
123:Cause
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