Teacher - Knowledge (XXG)

1540:' teacher salary survey for the 2006–07 school year found that the average teacher salary was $ 51,009. In a salary survey report for K-12 teachers, elementary school teachers had the lowest median salary earning $ 39,259. High school teachers had the highest median salary earning $ 41,855. Many teachers take advantage of the opportunity to increase their income by supervising after-school programs and other extracurricular activities. In addition to monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance) compared to other occupations. Merit pay systems are on the rise for teachers, paying teachers extra money based on excellent classroom evaluations, high test scores and for high success at their overall school. Also, with the advent of the internet, many teachers are now selling their lesson plans to other teachers through the web in order to earn supplemental income, most notably on TeachersPayTeachers.com. The United Nations 577:, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers. It is important to note, however, that this British study is the only one of its kind and consisted of "a random ... probability sample of 2,869 young people between the ages of 18 and 24 in a computer-assisted study" and that the questions referred to "sexual abuse with a professional," not necessarily a teacher. It is therefore logical to conclude that information on the percentage of abuses by teachers in the United Kingdom is not explicitly available and therefore not necessarily reliable. The AAUW study, however, posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers. "The sample was drawn from a list of 80,000 schools to create a stratified two-stage sample design of 2,065 8th to 11th grade students". Its reliability was gauged at 95% with a 4% margin of error. 1001: 1476: 758:. Second, the pedagogy of the learners comes into play when a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of their students and differentiates for the individual students accordingly. For example, an experienced teacher and parent described the place of a teacher in learning as follows: "The real bulk of learning takes place in self-study and problem solving with a lot of feedback around that loop. The function of the teacher is to pressure the lazy, inspire the bored, deflate the cocky, encourage the timid, detect and correct individual flaws, and broaden the viewpoint of all. This function looks like that of a coach using the whole gamut of psychology to get each new class of rookies off the bench and into the game." 667: 952:

regulations are made by the community as a whole, thence the school atmosphere is one of persuasion and negotiation, rather than confrontation since there is no one to confront. Sudbury model democratic schools' proponents argue that a school that has good, clear laws, fairly and democratically passed by the entire school community, and a good judicial system for enforcing these laws, is a school in which community discipline prevails, and in which an increasingly sophisticated concept of law and order develops, against other schools today, where rules are arbitrary, authority is absolute, punishment is capricious, and

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also lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process. The concept of mere exposure indicates that the teacher's enthusiasm may contribute to the student's expectations about intrinsic motivation in the context of learning. Also, enthusiasm may act as a "motivational embellishment", increasing a student's interest by the variety, novelty, and surprise of the enthusiastic teacher's presentation of the material. Finally, the concept of emotional contagion may also apply: students may become more intrinsically motivated by catching onto the enthusiasm and energy of the teacher.

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achievement depends on the kind of relationship they build with their students. Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial in linking academic success with personal achievement. Here, personal success is a student's internal goal of improving themselves, whereas academic success includes the goals they receive from their superior. A teacher must guide their student in aligning their personal goals with their academic goals. Students who receive this positive influence show stronger self-confidence and greater personal and academic success than those without these teacher interactions.

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Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students has shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm, such as demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements which are varied, and emotional facial expressions, result in college students reporting higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn. But even while a teacher's enthusiasm has been shown to improve motivation and increase task engagement, it does not necessarily improve learning outcomes or memory for the material.

1392:(GTCS). Teaching in Scotland is an all graduate profession and the normal route for graduates wishing to teach is to complete a programme of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) at one of the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses. Once successfully completed, "Provisional Registration" is given by the GTCS which is raised to "Full Registration" status after a year if there is sufficient evidence to show that the "Standard for Full Registration" has been met. 648: 1013: 396: 2710:

rights of students. A student growing up in schools having these features would be ready to move right into society at large. I think it is safe to say that the individual liberties so cherished by our ancestors and by each succeeding generation will never be really secure until our youth, throughout the crucial formative years of their minds and spirits, are nurtured in a school environment that embodies these basic American truths.

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begin teaching after graduation. In addition to certification, many educational institutions especially within the US, require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation to be able to teach in classroom. This is not always the case with adult further learning institutions but is fast becoming the norm in many countries as security concerns grow.

637: 917:). Such individuals claim that many problems with modern schooling stem from the weakness in school discipline and if teachers exercised firm control over the classroom they would be able to teach more efficiently. This viewpoint is supported by the educational attainment of countries—in East Asia for instance—that combine strict discipline with high standards of education. 972:, which can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance. Stress can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, fellow teachers, and administrative personnel, working environment, expectations to substitute, long hours with a heavy workload, and inspections. Teachers are also at high risk for 3592: 899:. Private schools in these and most other states may also use it. Corporal punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle. This often used to take place in the classroom or hallway, but nowadays the punishment is usually given privately in the principal's office. 484:, in others, the status of the profession is low. In the twentieth century, many intelligent women were unable to get jobs in corporations or governments so many chose teaching as a default profession. As women become more welcomed into corporations and governments today, it may be more difficult to attract qualified teachers in the future. 1516:

a standard bachelor's degree and certificate. Salaries vary greatly depending on state, relative cost of living, and grade taught. Salaries also vary within states where wealthy suburban school districts generally have higher salary schedules than other districts. The median salary for all primary and secondary teachers was

925:, for example, although average attainment on standardized tests may exceed those in Western countries, classroom discipline and behavior is highly problematic. Although, officially, schools have extremely rigid codes of behavior, in practice many teachers find the students unmanageable and do not enforce discipline at all. 606:, said that teachers who have sex with pupils over the age of consent should not be placed on the sex offenders register and that prosecution for statutory rape "is a real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about." This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups. Fears of being labelled a 1571:, who are not considered fully qualified teachers, and as such, are guided by teachers but may supervise and teach groups of pupils independently. In the United Kingdom, the term "assistant teacher" used to be used to refer to any qualified or unqualified teacher who was not a head or deputy head teacher. 1487:

determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools. Teaching certification generally lasts three years, but teachers can receive certificates that last as long as ten years. Public school teachers are required to have a bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by

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Education in Wales differs in certain respects from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom. For example, a significant number of students all over Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh: in 2008/09, 22 per cent of classes in maintained primary schools used Welsh as

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by a recognized body before they can teach in a school. In many countries, elementary school education certificate is earned after completion of high school. The high school student follows an education specialty track, obtain the prerequisite "student-teaching" time, and receive a special diploma to

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democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for governments and schools alike. They also claim that in these schools the preservation of public order is easier and more efficient than anywhere else. Primarily because rules and

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Currently detention is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries. It requires the pupil to remain in school at a given time in the school day (such as lunch, recess or after school); or even to attend school on a non-school day,

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This is true throughout most of the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education do exist. One of these, sometimes referred to as a "platoon" system, involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject.

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In the past, teachers have been paid relatively low salaries. However, average teacher salaries have improved rapidly in recent years. US teachers are generally paid on graduated scales, with income depending on experience. Teachers with more experience and higher education earn more than those with

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and a report in 2010 suggested that the average age of teachers in Wales was falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. It was suggested that a proportion of older teachers had faced discrimination and did not have their experience valued. A growing cause of concern at that time was

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To become a teacher in the Philippines, one must have a bachelor's degree in education. Other degrees are also allowed as long they are able to get 18 units of professional education subjects (10 units for arts and sciences degrees). A board exam must be taken to become a professional teacher in the

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It has been found that teachers who showed enthusiasm towards the course materials and students can create a positive learning experience. These teachers do not teach by rote but attempt to invigorate their teaching of the course materials every day. Teachers who cover the same curriculum repeatedly

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has argued that it is necessary to develop a shared definition of the skills and knowledge required by teachers, in order to guide teachers' career-long education and professional development. Some evidence-based international discussions have tried to reach such a common understanding. For example,

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Williamson McDiarmid, G. & Clevenger-Bright M. (2008) 'Rethinking Teacher Capacity', in Cochran-Smith, M., Feiman-Nemser, S. & Mc Intyre, D. (Eds.). 'Handbook of Research on Teacher Education. Enduring questions in changing contexts'. New York/Abingdon: Routledge/Taylor & Francis cited

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Where school class sizes are typically 40 to 50 students, maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response, teachers may concentrate their attention on motivated students, ignoring

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There are several ways to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching. Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment, and offering promotions and bonuses, may be effective in helping to reduce occupational

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There are various mechanisms by which teacher enthusiasm may facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation. Teacher enthusiasm may contribute to a classroom atmosphere of energy and enthusiasm which feeds student interest and excitement in learning the subject matter. Enthusiastic teachers may

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Knowing all this, we would expect; nay, insist (one would think) that the schools, in training their students to contribute productively to the political stability and growth of America, would be democratic and non-autocratic; be governed by clear rules and due process; be guardians of individual

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A modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe relies upon the idea of an assertive teacher who is prepared to impose their will upon a class. Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior and firm, clear boundaries define what is

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teaching is the relationship between teachers and children. In primary schools each class has a teacher who stays with them for most of the week and will teach them the whole curriculum. In secondary schools they will be taught by different subject specialists each session during the week and may

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Students are likely to build stronger relations with teachers who are friendly and supportive and will show more interest in courses taught by these teachers. Teachers that spend more time interacting and working directly with students are perceived as supportive and effective teachers. Effective

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vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting "cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role". Existing staff will be vetted on a

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46,000 in 2004, with the average entry salary for a teacher with a bachelor's degree being an estimated $ 32,000. Median salaries for preschool teachers, however, were less than half the national median for secondary teachers, clock in at an estimated $ 21,000 in 2004. For high school teachers,

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Teaching is a highly complex activity. This is partially because teaching is a social practice, that takes place in a specific context (time, place, culture, socioeconomic situation etc.) and therefore is shaped by the values of that specific context. Factors that influence what is expected (or

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the student in order to cause physical pain) was one of the most common forms of school discipline throughout much of the world. Most Western countries, and some others, have now banned it, but it remains lawful in the United States following a US Supreme Court decision in 1977 which held that

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Research shows that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships. Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at creating beneficial relations with their students. Their ability to create effective learning environments that foster student

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Teachers that exhibit enthusiasm are more likely to have engaged, interested and energetic students who are curious about learning the subject matter. Recent research has found a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom.

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The advantage here is that students learn from teachers who specialize in one subject and who tend to be more knowledgeable in that one area than a teacher who teaches many subjects. Students still derive a strong sense of security by staying with the same group of peers for all classes.

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is required to become a qualified teacher. Salary ranges from $ 40,000/year to $ 90,000/yr. Teachers have the option to teach for a public school which is funded by the provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector, businesses and sponsors.

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Williamson McDiarmid, G. & Clevenger-Bright M. (2008), 'Rethinking Teacher Capacity', in Cochran-Smith, M., Feiman-Nemser, S. & Mc Intyre, D. (Eds.): Handbook of Research on Teacher Education. Enduring questions in changing contexts. New York/Abingdon: Routledge/Taylor &

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and disruptive students. The result of this is that motivated students, facing demanding university entrance examinations, receive disproportionate resources. Given the emphasis on attainment of university places, administrators and governors may regard this policy as appropriate.

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reported that 9.6% of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education; be they a volunteer, bus driver, teacher, administrator or other adult; sometime during their educational career.

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earned from £20,427 for a Probationer, up to £32,583 after 6 years teaching, but could then go on to earn up to £39,942 as they complete the modules to earn Chartered Teacher Status (requiring at least 6 years at up to two modules per year.) Promotion to

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the sole or main medium of instruction. Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education; lessons in the language itself are compulsory for all pupils until the age of 16.

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Teachers are required to be registered with the Teaching Council; under Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001, a person employed in any capacity in a recognised teaching post - who is not registered with the Teaching Council - may not be paid from

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may find it challenging to maintain their enthusiasm, lest their boredom with the content bore their students in turn. Enthusiastic teachers are rated higher by their students than teachers who did not show much enthusiasm for the course materials.

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There are a variety of bodies designed to instill, preserve and update the knowledge and professional standing of teachers. Around the world many teachers' colleges exist; they may be controlled by government or by the teaching profession itself.

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20,133 to £41,004 in September 2007, although some salaries can go much higher depending on experience and extra responsibilities. Preschool teachers may earn an average salary of £19,543 annually. Teachers in state schools must have at least a

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has also become a new trend amongst educational institutions. Co-teaching is defined as two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom. Co-teaching focuses the student on learning by providing a

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A 2000 study found that 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers.

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Standards define the competencies that a good teacher should possess. Schools look for competent teachers across grades. Teachers are appointed directly by schools in private sector, and through eligibility tests in government schools.

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the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g. when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task). In some countries, teaching young people of school age may be carried out in an informal setting, such as within the family

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Apart from this, teachers are often not given sufficient opportunities for professional growth or promotions. This leads to some stagnancy, as there is not sufficient interests to enter the profession. An organisation in India called

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have ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form tutor, specialist teacher and surrogate parent during the course of the day.

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Baker, J. A.Teacher-Student Interaction in Urban At-Risk Classrooms: Differential Behavior, Relationship Quality, and Student Satisfaction with School. The Elementary School Journal Volume 100, Number 1, 1999 by The University of

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Patrick, B.C., Hisley, J. & Kempler, T. (2000) "What's Everybody so Excited about?": The Effects of Teacher Enthusiasm on Student Intrinsic Motivation and Vitality", The Journal of Experimental Education, Vol. 68, No. 3, pp.

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Assistant teachers are additional teachers assisting the primary teacher, often in the same classroom. There are different types around the world, as well as a variety of formal programs defining roles and responsibilities.

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The functions of the teachers' colleges may include setting out clear standards of practice, providing for the ongoing education of teachers, investigating complaints involving members, conducting hearings into

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short form: LdL) is a method which allows pupils and students to prepare and teach lessons or parts of lessons, with the understanding that a student's own learning is enhanced through the teaching process.

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It's not clear, however that this stereotypical view reflects the reality of East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries. In

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appropriate and inappropriate behavior. Teachers are expected to respect their students; sarcasm and attempts to humiliate pupils are seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline.

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as well as supervision to meet the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy can be thought of in two manners. First, teaching itself can be taught in many different ways, hence, using a

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Fraser, B. J., & Fisher, D. L. (1982). Predicting students' outcomes from their perceptions of classroom psychosocial environment. American Educational Research Journal, 19, 498- 518.

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For a review of literature on competences required by teachers, see F Caena (2011) 'Literature review: Teachers' core competences: requirements and development' accessed January 2017 at

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as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities and students with learning

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Teaching using pedagogy also involve assessing the educational levels of the students on particular skills. Understanding the pedagogy of the students in a classroom involves using

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Bryant, Jennings . 1980. Relationship between college teachers' use of humor in the classroom and students' evaluations of their teachers. Journal of educational psychology. 72, 4.

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also aims to substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers through international cooperation by 2030 in an effort to improve the quality of teaching around the world.

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Whilst this is the consensus viewpoint amongst the majority of academics, some teachers and parents advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline (refer to

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see for example Cummings, W.K. (2003) 'The Institutions of Education. A Comparative Study of Educational Development in the Six Core Nations', Providence, MA: Symposium Books.

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There are many similarities and differences among teachers around the world. In almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college. Governments may require

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e.g. "Saturday detention" held at some schools. During detention, students normally have to sit in a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.

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knowledge (such as: the subject matter itself and knowledge about how to teach it, curricular knowledge, knowledge about the educational sciences, psychology, assessment etc.)

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Baker, J. A., Terry, T., Bridger, R., & Winsor, A. (1997). Schools as caring communities: A relational approach to school reform. School Psychology Review, 26, 576-588.

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Hartmut, J. (1978). Supportive dimensions of teacher behavior in relationship to pupil emotional cognitive processes. Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 25, 69-74.

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stress among teachers. Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers.

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as determined by the relevant authority. Many times, teachers assist in learning outside of the classroom by accompanying students on field trips. The increasing use of

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Walter Evans (1965) letter to Roy Glasgow of Naval Postgraduate School, quoted by his son Gregory Walter Evans (December 2004) "Bringing Root Locus to the Classroom",

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Many counties offer alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching, especially for hard-to-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as

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The competences required by a teacher are affected by the different ways in which the role is understood around the world. Broadly, there seem to be four models:

3317: 235:), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college. Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g. youth worker, pastor). 2416:"Teachers can make a difference in bullying: Effects of teacher interventions on students' adoption of bully, victim, bully-victim or defender roles across time" 1686:"Teachers can make a difference in bullying: Effects of teacher interventions on students' adoption of bully, victim, bully-victim or defender roles across time" 2490: 1521:

median salaries in 2007 ranged from $ 35,000 in South Dakota to $ 71,000 in New York, with a national median of $ 52,000. Some contracts may include long-term

2964: 2857: 3127: 1260:, rising incrementally to €53,423 for a teacher with 25 years service. A principal of a large school with many years experience and several qualifications ( 716:. When deciding what teaching method to use teachers consider students' background knowledge, environment, and their learning goals as well as standardized 3648: 3351: 2938: 2836:

Joshi, Ankur; Gupta, Rajen K. (July 2017). "Elementary education in Bharat (that is India): insights from a postcolonial ethnographic study of a Gurukul".

1937: 1885: 1834: 1413: 461:, the science of teaching. Teachers, like other professionals, may have to, or choose to, continue their education after they qualify, a process known as 1865:

for a useful discussion see, for example: Cochran-Smith, M. (2006): 'Policy, Practice, and Politics in Teacher Education', Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press

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teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom, and demonstrate a willingness to play.

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A teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching. Outside of the classroom teachers may accompany students on field trips, supervise

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has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession. This has in some jurisdictions reportedly led to a shortage of male teachers.

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Moos, R. H. (1979). Evaluating Educational Environments: Measures, procedures, findings, and policy implications. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

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support that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential. Co-teachers work in sync with one another to create a climate of learning.

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craft skills (such as lesson planning, using teaching technologies, managing students and groups, monitoring and assessing learning etc.) and

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required) of teachers include history and tradition, social views about the purpose of education, accepted theories about learning, etc.

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The issue of teacher qualifications is linked to the status of the profession. In some societies, teachers enjoy a status on a par with

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Teaching Patterns: a Pattern Language for Improving the Quality of Instruction in Higher Education Settings by Daren Olson. Page 96

677: 65: 3157: 3450: 2048:"A dissociation between engagement and learning: Enthusiastic instructions fail to reliably improve performance on a memory task" 1561: 2541: 2314: 2225: 131:, subject knowledge; competence in teaching the subject, in curriculum, in learner assessment; psychology; planning; leadership. 3653: 1537: 1333: 1312: 1066: 2179:

Osborne, E.;. Salzberger, I.; Wittenberg, G. W. 1999. The Emotional Experience of Learning and Teaching. Karnac Books, London.

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Official corporal punishment, often by caning, remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries.

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Formal teaching tasks include preparing lessons according to agreed curricula, giving lessons, and assessing pupil progress.

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earn from £40,290 to £78,642. Teachers in Scotland can be registered members of trade unions with the main ones being the

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F Caena (2011) 'Literature review: Teachers' core competences: requirements and development' accessed January 2017 at

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F Caena (2011) 'Literature review: Teachers' core competences: requirements and development' accessed January 2017 at

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do not require that their teachers be certified, provided they meet the standards to be highly qualified as set by

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teaching of students is usually carried out by paid professional teachers. This article focuses on those who are

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Madalsa Ujjwal, 2008, "Swami Dayanand Saraswati Life and Ideas", Book Treasure Publications, Jodhpur, pp. 96–97

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until the British invasion. Through strong efforts in 1886 and 1948, the gurukula system was revived in India.

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Teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as

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may also require their teachers to be college members. In other areas these roles may belong to the State

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A study in England showed a 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included

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Scholarly consensus is emerging that what is required of teachers can be grouped under three headings:

2059: 1609: 1581: 1522: 1493: 1360: 1345: 1280: 1135: 1092: 1088: 1032: 973: 876: 813: 589: 488: 3045: 3012: 2730:"Organisational interventions for improving wellbeing and reducing work-related stress in teachers" 2307:"Union Official: Teachers Who Engage in Consensual Sex With Teen Pupils Shouldn't Face Prosecution" 1619: 1241: 1233: 1207: 1109: 1078: 1058: 969: 965: 593: 506:, governing, quality controlling, and enforcing standards of practice for the teaching profession. 281: 2728:

Naghieh, Ali; Montgomery, Paul; Bonell, Christopher P.; Thompson, Marc; Aber, J. Lawrence (2015).

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generally follow an English-speaking, Western curriculum and are aimed at expatriate communities.

867:) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools in 647: 3492: 2908: 2768: 2461: 1731: 1629: 1425: 1253: 1237: 1185: 1062: 953: 532: 269: 1996:

Barkley, S., & Bianco, T. (2006). The Wonder of Wows. Kappa Delta Pi Record, 42(4), 148-151.

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Brooks, Douglas M. (1985). "The Teacher's Communicative Competence: The First Day of School".

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The role and success of a teacher in the modern Indian education system is clearly defined.

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Amatora, M. (1950). Teacher Personality: Its Influence on Pupils. Education, 71(3), 154-158

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citing Altet et al., 1996; Conway et al., 2010; Hansen, 2008; Seifert, 1999; Sockett, 2008

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that attacks on teachers in Welsh schools reached an all-time high between 2005 and 2010.

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is working to reduce this hazard, by trying to open opportunities for teachers in India.

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to ensure that they possess the necessary knowledge, competences and adhere to relevant

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Baumann, Chris (2016). "School discipline, school uniforms and academic performance".

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Motz, B. A.; de Leeuw, J. R.; Carvalho, P. F.; Liang, K. L.; Goldstone, R. L. (2017).

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over the past decade, has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the

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OECD's Education GPS, a review of education policy analysis and statistics: Teachers

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Getting Ready for Benjamin: Preparing Teachers for Sexual Diversity in the classroom

565:, has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts. A study by the 2748: 2697: 1439: 1405: 1244:), experience and qualifications. Extra pay is also given for teaching through the 744: 670: 599: 585: 492: 75: 3201: 1202:

was supported by public donations and the guru would not accept any fees from the

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They are generally established to serve and protect the public interest through

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Motivated Student: Unlocking the Enthusiasm for Learning by Bob Sullo. Page 62

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dispositions (such as essential values and attitudes, beliefs and commitment).

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Teachers—Preschool, Kindergarten, Elementary, Middle, and Secondary: Earnings

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positions attracts a salary of between £34,566 and £44,616; Deputy Head, and

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In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain

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of professional misconduct and taking appropriate disciplinary action and

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Teachers are often required to undergo a course of initial education at a

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Students of a U.S. university with their professor on the far right, 2009

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Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual

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has identified three broad areas of competences that teachers require:

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Transitions in American education : a social history of teaching

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The Crisis in American Education — An Analysis and a Proposal,

2388: 2344:"7.30 Report - 10/12/1999: Shortage of male primary school teachers" 863:

30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in

2606:"Characteristics of East Asian Learners: What We Learned From PISA" 1810:

Child Protection: A guide for teachers and child care professionals

1363:, complete an approved teacher education program, and be licensed. 399:

A teacher interacts with older students at a school in New Zealand.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

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For the salary year beginning April 2008, unpromoted teachers in

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or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and

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International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management

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The American Teacher: Evolution of a Profession in a Democracy

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Educator Sexual Misconduct: A Synthesis of Existing Literature

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National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers

457:. These professional qualifications may include the study of 523:

teacher education programs. In many situations teachers in

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Greenberg, D. (1987) The Sudbury Valley School Experience

739:, or a practical skill. A teacher may follow standardized 692:

The objective is typically accomplished through either an

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Classroom Management: Sound Theory and Effective Practice

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depend mainly on seniority (i.e. holding the position of

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skills. Different ways to teach are often referred to as

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In ancient India, the most common form of education was

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A primary school teacher on a picnic with her students,

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Working with knowledge, technology, and information, and

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must be members in good standing with the college, and

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2007 "Survey & Analysis of Teacher Salary Trends,"

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All Of Us Should Be Teachers, Even If Just For One Day

1388:, anyone wishing to teach must be registered with the 596:

have caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct.

350:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

3120:"Scotland: Headteachers and deputy headteachers' pay" 3578:

The American Teacher : Foundations of Education

1354:, primary and secondary school teachers ranged from 547:

may be responsible for some or all of these duties.

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specified professional qualifications or credentials

2989:. Professional Regulatory Commission, Philippines. 2801:Teachers International Consultancy (17 July 2008). 2175: 2173: 2171: 2161: 2159: 543:or other governmental bodies. In still other areas 162: 148: 135: 124: 119: 107: 95: 87: 82: 19:"Educators" redirects here. For the TV series, see 3488:"Selling Lessons Online Raises Cash and Questions" 3457:American Federation of Teachers. Retrieved 8/7/10. 3071:"Preschool Teacher Salaries in the United Kingdom" 1256:. The basic pay for a starting teacher is €27,814 192:A teacher of a Latin school and two students, 1487 70:A teacher in a classroom at a secondary school in 3438:National Education Association. Retrieved 7/5/07. 2963:. Department of Education and Science, Ireland. 2937:. Department of Education and Science, Ireland. 1016:Math and physics teacher at a junior college in 761:Perhaps the most significant difference between 3467:2008 "Teacher Salary- Average Teacher Salaries" 2885:. Department of Education and Skills, Ireland. 2803:"Teaching at international schools is not TEFL" 2707: 2579:International Journal of Educational Management 835:Medieval schoolboy birched on the bare buttocks 584:especially, several high-profile cases such as 253:context, such as at a school or other place of 1299:Philippines. Upon passing the board exam, the 944:Discipline in Sudbury-model democratic schools 860:paddling did not violate the US Constitution. 735:The objective is typically a course of study, 318:Competences and qualities required by teachers 2261:, Office of the Under Secretary. p. 28. 2187: 2185: 1578:in elementary, junior high and high schools. 8: 3576:Parkerson, Donald H., and Jo Ann Parkerson. 3013:"How To Become A Teacher In The Philippines" 2414:Burger C, Strohmeier D, Kollerová L (2022). 1684:Burger C, Strohmeier D, Kollerová L (2022). 58: 3044:. Tda.gov.uk. 31 March 2011. Archived from 2911:. Office of the Attorney General, Ireland. 2737:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2519:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 112. 246:, as their main role, to teach others in a 3180:"Attacks on teachers in Wales on the rise" 2224:(134): 1. ERIC #: ED436816. Archived from 1122:, are mainly civil servants, recruited by 265:A teacher's role may vary among cultures. 3404:"Spotlight on Statistics: Back to School" 2447: 2081: 2071: 1938:"Homepage | European Education Area" 1886:"Homepage | European Education Area" 1835:"Homepage | European Education Area" 1784: 1766: 1717: 344:the teacher as cultural and civic person. 2687:(pg. 49-55). Retrieved 15 November 2009. 2677:Law and Order: Foundations of Discipline 1414:Scottish Secondary Teachers' Association 990:Centre for Teacher Accreditation (CENTA) 567:American Association of University Women 187: 2213:"Sexual Misconduct by School Employees" 2004: 2002: 1666: 3190:from the original on 23 November 2010. 3130:from the original on 14 September 2017 1574:The Japanese education system employs 1164:) and higher level secondary schools ( 335:the teacher as manager of instruction; 57: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2496:from the original on 14 February 2019 2395:from the original on 8 September 2011 2317:from the original on 10 October 2008. 1500:estimates that there are 1.4 million 1390:General Teaching Council for Scotland 1328:Education in the United Kingdom is a 1061:(secondary schools/high schools) and 640:A primary school teacher in northern 632:Dutch schoolmaster and children, 1662 7: 3429:"Make It Happen: A Student's Guide," 3410:from the original on 11 October 2007 3384:from the original on 11 October 2007 2856:. Department of Education, Ireland. 2698:"Back to Basics - Political basics." 2114:, Huffington Post, 27 September 2016 1488:the state in which they teach. Many 1228:Education in the Republic of Ireland 839:In past times, corporal punishment ( 537:Superintendent of Public Instruction 268:Teachers may provide instruction in 3530:from the original on 1 October 2020 3160:from the original on 30 August 2022 3150:"Wales' teachers 'getting younger'" 2967:from the original on 4 October 2012 2356:from the original on 22 August 2003 2349:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1950:from the original on 9 January 2017 1898:from the original on 9 January 2017 1847:from the original on 9 January 2017 1653:, for training teachers before 1920 1160:), middle level secondary schools ( 938:Obligation to honor students rights 688:, the beginning of the 20th century 561:Misconduct by teachers, especially 463:continuing professional development 296:, community roles, or life skills. 3649:Education and training occupations 3290:from the original on 4 August 2011 3264:from the original on 4 August 2011 2915:from the original on 30 March 2012 2558:from the original on 9 August 2017 2480:"Maintaining Classroom Discipline" 2268:from the original on 11 April 2008 1301:Professional Regulatory Commission 341:the teacher as expert learner; and 14: 3354:from the original on 28 June 2019 3320:from the original on 28 June 2019 3234:from the original on 28 July 2011 3208:from the original on 20 July 2011 3081:from the original on 26 July 2018 2889:from the original on 22 July 2012 2782:from the original on 20 July 2018 1410:Educational Institute of Scotland 1268:, etc.) could earn over €90,000. 1232:Salaries for primary teachers in 1087:requires a post-secondary degree 968:in their line of work, including 3614: 3602: 3590: 3500:from the original on 12 May 2011 3019:from the original on 18 May 2022 2993:from the original on 18 May 2022 2941:from the original on 3 June 2015 2863:from the original on 6 June 2014 2622:from the original on 16 May 2018 2420:Journal of Youth and Adolescence 2250:Shakeshaft, Charol (June 2004). 1690:Journal of Youth and Adolescence 1004:Teacher and pupils in liberated 651:The teacher-student-monument in 91:Teacher, educator, schoolteacher 64: 3486:Hu, Winnie (14 November 2009). 3314:American Federation of Teachers 2641:Munro, Kelsey (November 2016). 2542:"Building Classroom Discipline" 2211:Goorian, Brad (December 1999). 1641:Education policy#Teacher policy 1538:American Federation of Teachers 1334:countries of the United Kingdom 1313:Education in the United Kingdom 1303:will issue a teaching licence. 1057:(primary schools), followed by 724:, specifically the rise of the 684:children with their teacher in 3310:"Downloads and 2019 Wage Data" 2749:10.1002/14651858.CD010306.pub2 1542:Sustainable Development Goal 4 1512:teachers employed in the U.S. 1465:Education in the United States 794:Teachers and school discipline 257:formal education or training. 1: 3619:The dictionary definition of 3524:Global Campaign For Education 3344:Occupational Outlook Handbook 2487:Federal Education Association 2376:IEEE Control Systems Magazine 1562:Pädagogischer Austauschdienst 1438:can be registered members of 1091:. In most provinces a second 338:the teacher as caring person; 16:Person who helps others learn 3476:PayScale. Retrieved 9/16/08. 2909:"Teaching Council Act, 2001" 2259:U.S. Department of Education 2073:10.1371/journal.pone.0181775 1808:Briggs F, Hawkins R (2020). 1294:Education in the Philippines 1156:), lower secondary schools ( 367:Working in and with society. 2604:Sui-chu Ho, Esther (2009). 1576:Assistant Language Teachers 1483:In the United States, each 756:pedagogy of teaching styles 655:, Germany, honors teachers. 602:, the general secretary of 39:Headmaster (disambiguation) 3670: 3348:Bureau of Labor Statistics 3258:Bureau of Labor Statistics 2515:Tauber, Robert T. (2007). 2432:10.1007/s10964-022-01674-6 1702:10.1007/s10964-022-01674-6 1558:Foreign Language Assistant 1498:Bureau of Labor Statistics 1468: 1462: 1423: 1377: 1343: 1321:Schoolmarm, a figurine by 1310: 1291: 1225: 1179: 1150:Teaching Education Studies 1133: 1107: 1076: 1042: 941: 915:Canter Model of Discipline 808:School corporal punishment 797: 752:differentiated instruction 621: 554: 308:extracurricular activities 28: 18: 3472:13 September 2008 at the 3434:28 September 2007 at the 2713:Retrieved 4 January 2010. 2665:The Sudbury Valley School 2647:The Sydney Morning Herald 2591:10.1108/IJEM-09-2015-0118 2033:10.1080/00405848509543148 1471:Paraprofessional educator 1336:having separate systems. 996:Teaching around the world 428:Interaction with learners 63: 51:Paraprofessional educator 35:Teachers (disambiguation) 3564:Parkerson, Donald Hugh. 3286:. Bls.gov. 17 May 2011. 3230:. Bls.gov. 17 May 2011. 3100:Training to be a teacher 2549:University of Washington 1533:and investment options. 1508:teachers, and 1 million 816:the most common form of 208:, is a person who helps 31:Teacher (disambiguation) 3202:"Teacher certification" 3105:29 January 2008 at the 2683:18 January 2017 at the 1768:10.3390/ijerph191811809 1635:Teacher Support Network 1567:British schools employ 1170:Bundesbesoldungsordnung 1124:competitive examination 551:Professional misconduct 525:publicly funded schools 441:Teaching qualifications 3654:Positions of authority 3607:Quotations related to 3453:16 August 2010 at the 2712: 2613:hkier.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/ 2296:see page 8 and page 20 2110:9 October 2016 at the 1923:30 August 2022 at the 1480: 1325: 1240:, deputy principal or 1196:guru-shishya tradition 1051:states and territories 1045:Education in Australia 1021: 1009: 964:Teachers face several 836: 689: 674: 656: 644: 633: 541:State Education Agency 510:Professional standards 416: 400: 220:, via the practice of 193: 143:Teaching certification 3204:. Teacherportal.com. 2540:Charles, C.M (2005). 2328:Kissen, Rita (2002). 2292:11 April 2008 at the 1605:AI teaching assistant 1478: 1469:Further information: 1380:Education in Scotland 1320: 1097:Bachelor of Education 1033:International schools 1015: 1003: 834: 680: 669: 650: 639: 631: 618:Pedagogy and teaching 410: 398: 191: 3599:at Wikimedia Commons 3552:Elsbree, Willard S. 3340:"Preschool Teachers" 2389:"Ingraham v. Wright" 2021:Theory into Practice 1610:Bullying in teaching 1582:Learning by teaching 1523:disability insurance 1494:No Child Left Behind 1346:Education in England 1136:Education in Germany 974:occupational burnout 966:occupational hazards 960:Occupational hazards 814:history of education 789:Classroom management 590:Pamela Rogers Turner 489:College of Education 261:Duties and functions 141:(varies by country) 29:For other uses, see 3520:"SDG4's 10 targets" 2703:11 May 2011 at the 2670:11 May 2011 at the 2231:on 27 February 2008 2064:2017PLoSO..1281775M 1620:School of education 1569:teaching assistants 1242:assistant principal 1208:Indian subcontinent 1110:Education in France 1079:Education in Canada 1059:secondary education 970:occupational stress 822:corporal punishment 594:Mary Kay Letourneau 361:Working with others 282:vocational training 238:In most countries, 60: 3493:The New York Times 3186:. 7 October 2010. 2809:on 9 February 2009 2313:. 6 October 2008. 1630:Substitute teacher 1548:Assistant teachers 1504:teachers, 674,000 1481: 1426:Education in Wales 1326: 1186:Education in India 1063:tertiary education 1022: 1010: 954:due process of law 837: 690: 675: 657: 645: 634: 533:Board of Education 417: 401: 194: 137:Education required 3595:Media related to 3316:. 16 April 2015. 3156:. 20 April 2010. 2653:on 17 March 2018. 2426:(12): 2312–2327. 1969:in F Caena (2011) 1749:Burger C (2022). 1696:(12): 2312–2327. 1646:Teacher education 1615:Certified teacher 1502:elementary school 1402:Principal Teacher 1361:bachelor's degree 1332:with each of the 1093:Bachelor's Degree 1089:Bachelor's Degree 1065:(universities or 1055:primary education 931:attention-seeking 826:substitute parent 818:school discipline 804:School punishment 800:School discipline 783:social networking 563:sexual misconduct 216:, competence, or 186: 185: 3661: 3618: 3606: 3594: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3483: 3477: 3464: 3458: 3445: 3439: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3176: 3170: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3116: 3110: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3067: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3050: 3043: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3009: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2862: 2855: 2847: 2841: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2805:. 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