39:
410:
31:
308:
346:
violation of the understanding, a
British officer of the Legion claimed afterwards that it was an unfortunate local misunderstanding. The impetus for the attack was the seizure by the settlers of the police fortress which the British had invited Glubb Pasha to take over. The settlement would have fallen except that Abdullah told his son Talal to halt the attack. In the wake of the attack 50 children of the kibbutz were evacuated, first to the Ravitz Hotel on the Carmel, and then to a 19th-century French monastery on the grounds of
401:. He said that the parties had brought map overlays to Rhodes from earlier informal negotiations and they were transferred manually onto a 1:250,000 map (shown right). He could not explain why a part of Jordan had been cut off and was sure it had not been brought up in the formal meetings. However, his opinion was that although the region remained sovereign Jordanian territory it was on the Israeli side of the armistice line because the map was an integral part of the agreement which both parties had signed.
461:
257:
47:
393:. According to Jordan, the map had been improperly altered from the original agreed by the parties, was inadequately signed, and in any case the armistice agreement was never intended to alter the territory of Jordan. Israel responded that it was immaterial how the map came to be how it was, as only the final version was binding. The Security Council then questioned
206:
154:
renewable lease ended in 2019. The
Jordanian government announced its intention to end the lease; the treaty gives Jordan the right to do so only on one condition ā that one year prior notice is given, which coincided with the announcement in October 2018. Jordan reclaimed Al-Baqoura in November 2019 after a one-year notice of termination submitted by the
425:, worked some 820 dunams (82 ha) on an island (present day Island of Peace) that was part of PEC land, which was in Israeli hands following the signing of the 1949 armistice agreement. The bulk of the 6,000 dunams, including the destroyed plant, remained in Jordanian hands and were placed under the Guardian of Enemy Property. In the 1994
95:. The site was named by the Palestine Electric Company which assigned "proper names" to the "different quarters of our Jordan Works", one of these being the "works as a whole including the labour camp" to be called "Naharaim", and another being the site of the "Power House and the adjoining staff quarters, offices" to be called
275:
The families of the employees at Tel Or were evacuated from the settlement in April 1948, leaving behind only workers with
Jordanian ID cards. Following a prolonged battle between Palestinian Jewish forces and the Transjordanian Arab Legion in the area, the remaining residents of Tel Or were given an
264:
A residential neighborhood was built near the plant to house employees. It was the only Jewish village in
Transjordan at the time. It was designated for residence of the permanent employees of the power plant and their families, aiming to create an agricultural village at the Eastern border of the
501:
came to Beit
Shemesh to extend his condolences and ask forgiveness in the name of his country, a step which was seen as both touching and courageous. Daqamseh was tried by a Jordanian military tribunal, sentenced to twenty years in prison, and was released on 12 March 2017 after completing his
345:
On the morning of April 29, a Legion officer demanded the evacuation of the fort, but was turned down. After protests to the
British Mandate administration, the shelling was halted, and Abdullah was reprimanded for "aggression against Palestine territory." Although the attack did constitute a
153:
recognized part of the area ā known as the
Naharayim/Baqura Area in the treaty or, according to the map annexed to the treaty and authenticated by both Israel and Jordan, the Baqura/Naharayim area ā to be under Jordanian sovereignty, but leased Israeli landowners freedom of entry. The 25-year
1344:
230:
in 1919. After submitting a plan to the
Zionist movement for the establishment of 13 hydroelectric power stations and securing financing for the plan, he was awarded a concession from the British Mandatory government to generate electricity, first from the
1113:
242:
Naharayim is part of 6,000 dunams (600 ha) sold to the
Palestine Electric Corporation (PEC) run by Pinhas Rutenberg. The Naharayim site was chosen for the strong water flow and the possibility of regulating the flow through storage in the
247:
during the winter rainy season and release of the water reserves in the summer. Construction began in 1927 and continued for five years, providing employment for 3,000 workers. The site was named
Naharayim, Hebrew for "Two Rivers."
1085:, March 16, 1997. Accessed July 22, 2007. "King Hussein of Jordan knelt in mourning Sunday with the families of seven Israeli schoolgirls gunned down last week by a Jordanian soldier, saying they were all 'members of one family.'"
1443:
1106:
358:, where they lived for the next 22 months. An Iraqi brigade invaded at Naharayim on May 15, 1948, in an unsuccessful attempt to take the kibbutz and fort. The power plant was occupied and looted by the Iraqi forces.
272:. Due to its relative isolation and despite the limited number of resident families, the village included a clinic, a kindergarten, and even a school, established by Yosef Hanani for the children of employees.
1099:
1122:
342:(on the Palestinian side of the border). On the evening of 27 April, the Legion began shelling the fort and kibbutz, stepping up the attack the following day. Many of the kibbutz buildings were destroyed.
960:
Cablegram dated 10 September 1950 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan addressed to the Secretary-General concerning the Palestine question, UNSC document S/1780.
972:
Letter dated 21 September 1950 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Hashimite Kingdom of the Jordan addressed to the Secretary-General concerning the Palestine question, UNSC document S/1824.
299:
on 17 November 1947. There was a second meeting in Amman on 10 May 1948, after the Gesher incident (see below), in an attempt by the Jewish leadership to head off Jordanian participation in the war.
429:, Jordanian sovereignty over the 820 dunam area was confirmed, but Israelis retained private land ownership and special provisions allow free Israeli travel and protect Israeli property rights.
38:
620:
1408:
385:
did not explicitly mention this region, the map attached to the agreement showed the armistice line cutting off a corner of Jordan between the two rivers (the present day
365:, the sluice gates of the Degania dam were opened. The rush of water, which deepened the river at this spot, was instrumental in blocking the Iraqi-Jordanian incursion.
432:
The Jordanian King Abdullah II said that as of Sunday, 10 November 2019, Israeli farmers will not be able to access the lands without a visa after the lease ended.
30:
1433:
409:
1448:
1413:
1052:
493:, and Island of Peace. Jordanian soldier Ahmed Daqamseh opened fire at the schoolchildren, killing seven girls aged 13 or 14 and badly wounding six others.
279:
During the 1948 War, 70 Palestinian Arab families from a village just meters away on the Palestinian side of the Jordan River populated the abandoned site.
1453:
307:
288:
276:
ultimatum to surrender or leave the village. Tel Or was abandoned by the residents, who were evacuated to Jewish-controlled areas across the river.
217:
209:
134:. The channels and dams built for the power plant, together with the two rivers, formed a man-made island. The residential area is known today as
88:
558:
374:
665:
1227:
542:
624:
1002:
Fischbach, Michael R. "Settling Historical Land Claims in the Wake of Arab-Israeli Peace." Journal of Palestine Studies 27.1 (1997): 38-50.
718:
268:
Employees of the power station also farmed thousands of dunams of land and sold some of the produce at a company workers' supermarket in
1458:
1034:
1423:
1418:
894:
883:
841:
818:
787:
683:
444:
on the Israel-Jordan border. The project is spearheaded by the trilateral NGO EcoPeace Middle East, headquartered in Tel Aviv,
390:
426:
150:
107:- Hill of Light). Most of the plant was situated in the Emirate of Transjordan and stretched from the northern canal near the
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1438:
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194:
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422:
182:
1428:
918:
Guenter Weissberg (October 1963). "Maps as Evidence in International Boundary Disputes: A Reappraisal".
389:). When Israel sent military forces into this corner in August 1950, Jordan filed a complaint with the
811:
Collusion across the Jordan : King Abdullah, the Zionist movement, and the partition of Palestine
562:
324:
296:
155:
1265:
312:
127:
112:
42:
1935 Palestine Electric Corporation General Scheme for the area around the First Jordan Power House
1147:
943:
935:
490:
131:
1280:
1152:
1212:
824:
814:
783:
777:
759:
642:
538:
532:
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108:
1076:
743:
653:
1187:
927:
123:
1031:
1038:
1014:
511:
441:
386:
197:. When the Rutenberg concession was given, it was defined as the area around Jisr Majami.
139:
100:
72:
60:
1182:
706:
373:
339:
244:
223:
116:
440:
The remains of the power station are part of the Jordan River Peace Park south of the
1402:
1217:
947:
482:
398:
80:
460:
1240:
763:
747:
486:
394:
232:
190:
181:. A railway bridge was built parallel to it in the early 20th century to carry the
84:
91:", constructed between 1927ā33, and located near an ancient Roman bridge known as
1285:
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332:
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239:, and shortly thereafter, utilizing all the running water in western Palestine.
186:
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172:
92:
855:
256:
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320:
292:
46:
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1371:
828:
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445:
351:
205:
1207:
1001:
331:'s 4th Battalion launched a mortar and artillery attack on the Naharayim
236:
291:
and Israeli independence, Naharayim was the venue for a meeting between
1290:
1197:
939:
860:
336:
654:"Jordan to nix parts of peace treaty with Israel, reclaim territories"
599:, ed. Raphael Patai, Herzl Press/McGraw Hill, New York, Vol. 2, p. 818
413:
The 1994 peace treaty included a photo-map of the area in its appendix
17:
1328:
1320:
1235:
1177:
1172:
1134:
498:
227:
931:
319:
On 27 April 1948, in violation of a November 1947 agreement between
177:
Historically the only structure in the area was the Roman bridge of
1345:
Anti-Jewish attacks in Arab countries during the 1948 Palestine War
1250:
1202:
1157:
719:"Jisr Al-Majameh in Baqoura, a Jordanian land with unknown owners"
639:
Beaches, Ruins, Resorts: The Politics of Tourism in the Arab World
534:
Electrical Palestine: Capital and Technology from Empire to Nation
459:
449:
408:
372:
355:
306:
269:
255:
45:
37:
29:
988:
United Nations Security Council, 518th Meeting, 6 November 1950,
464:
Naharayim Memorial to the victims of the Island of Peace massacre
475:
397:, who had been the UN mediator at the armistice negotiations at
1095:
1081:
707:
The Humble Beginnings of Israel Electric Corporation, Revealed
361:
To prevent Iraqi tanks from attacking Jewish villages in the
1444:
Jewish villages depopulated during the 1948 ArabāIsraeli War
1357:
Geopolitical areas defined based on the 1949 armistice lines
1077:"With condolence visit to Israel, King Hussein spurs talks"
884:
The Road to Jerusalem: Glubb Pasha, Palestine and the Jews
843:
The Road to Jerusalem: Glubb Pasha, Palestine and the Jews
779:
The Road to Jerusalem: Glubb Pasha, Palestine and the Jews
185:, opened in 1905. The bridge played a strategic role in
79:
literally "Meeting bridge" area), is the area where the
760:
The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948
1337:
1319:
1301:
1226:
1133:
1015:"Jordan bans Israeli farmers from border enclave"
744:Fabricating Israeli History: The "new Historians"
122:The plant, now no longer in use, was built by
1107:
126:. It produced much of the energy consumed in
8:
968:
966:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
377:Armistice line as shown on the official map
1409:Buildings and structures completed in 1930
1114:
1100:
1092:
896:Jewish-Transjordanian Relations 1921-1948,
813:. Columbia University Press. p. 178.
677:
675:
673:
67:literally "Two rivers"), historically the
984:
982:
980:
978:
920:The American Journal of International Law
762:, Cambridge University Press, chapter by
289:End of the British Mandate for Palestine
204:
50:Nahariyim/Baqoura region in 1953 and now
523:
260:Homes in the workers village, 1932/1933
218:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House
210:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House
89:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House
27:Disused works situated mainly in Jordan
383:1949 Israel-Jordan armistice agreement
34:PEC letter naming Naharaim and Tel-Or.
1123:Jewish towns and villages depopulated
1013:Arutz Sheva Staff (7 November 2019).
592:
590:
7:
1434:Populated places established in 1930
621:"Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty Annex I"
1449:1930s establishments in Transjordan
1414:Former hydroelectric power stations
531:Meiton, Fredrik (15 January 2019).
143:
104:
76:
64:
1032:Projects - Jordan River Peace Park
688:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
597:Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel
537:. University of California Press.
25:
1454:1940s disestablishments in Jordan
992:No. 60, document number S/PV.518.
873:70th anniversary, Rambam Hospital
641:, University of Minnesota Press.
405:Peace treaty and property rights
809:Avi., Shlaim (1 January 1988).
684:"The Power Plant on Two Rivers"
391:United Nations Security Council
682:Avitzur, Shmuel (2003-05-22).
1:
782:. I. B. Tauris. p. 134.
146:- Community Bridge Village).
725:(in Arabic). 16 October 2018
195:Capture of Afulah and Beisan
489:was on a class trip to the
226:-born Zionist and engineer
201:Hydroelectric power station
1477:
1459:Jews and Judaism in Jordan
1246:Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)
467:
427:IsraelāJordan peace treaty
215:
170:
151:IsraelāJordan peace treaty
87:. It was the site of the "
1385:32.6443972Ā°N 35.5728500Ā°E
1353:
1053:"Jordan River Peace Park"
559:"Naharayim - What a rush"
1424:Power stations in Jordan
1419:Power stations in Israel
470:Island of Peace massacre
1127:1947ā1949 Palestine war
656:, YNET, 21 October 2018
474:On March 13, 1997, the
228:immigrated to Palestine
1390:32.6443972; 35.5728500
1051:EcoPeace Middle East.
1019:israelnationalnews.com
465:
414:
378:
316:
287:In the lead up to the
261:
251:
213:
189:; it was taken by the
183:Jezreel Valley railway
51:
43:
35:
463:
419:Ashdot Ya'akov Meuhad
412:
376:
310:
259:
208:
136:Qaryet Jisr Al-Majame
49:
41:
33:
565:on February 27, 2012
222:Pinhas Rutenberg, a
156:Jordanian government
1439:Geography of Jordan
1381: /
776:Morris, B. (2003).
423:Ashdot Ya'akov Ihud
369:1949 armistice line
313:Survey of Palestine
128:Mandatory Palestine
113:Mandatory Palestine
1037:2016-03-04 at the
483:junior high school
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379:
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262:
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132:1948 Palestine war
52:
44:
36:
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544:978-0-520-96848-6
480:Zionist religious
16:(Redirected from
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1193:Mishmar HaYarden
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574:
573:
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561:. Archived from
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549:
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354:neighborhood of
283:1947/8 diplomacy
265:Land of Israel.
252:Workers' village
145:
144:ŁŲ±ŁŲ© Ų¬Ų³Ų± Ų§ŁŁ
Ų¬Ų§Ł
Ų¹
124:Pinhas Rutenberg
106:
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69:Jisr Majami area
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21:
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442:Island of Peace
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417:Two kibbutzim,
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387:Island of Peace
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348:Rambam Hospital
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926:(4): 781ā803.
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845:, Benny Morris
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746:, Frank Cass,
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627:on 2013-08-17.
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119:in the south.
117:Jisr el-Majami
109:Ashdot Ya'akov
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1168:Kfar Yavetz
1125:during the
898:Yoav Gelber
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329:Arab Legion
193:during the
187:World War I
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1271:Ein Tzurim
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795:2016-09-05
729:16 October
693:2009-09-03
569:2015-05-18
518:References
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293:Golda Meir
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1338:See also
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1035:Archived
643:page 180
506:See also
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297:Abdullah
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476:AMIT
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