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The wealth and variety of material items at Bakun and the evidence of large workshop areas point to the existence of local industry and connection/trade with distant regions such as the
Persian Gulf, the central plateau, Kerman, and northeastern Iran whence goods like shells, copper, steatite, lapis,
271:
Tall-i Bakun phase A was inhabited c. 4000-3500 BC. Four layers can be distinguished. Layer III was the best preserved and shows a settlement in which the residential buildings were built close together with no roads or paths. Individual houses consisted of several rooms. Remains of mural paintings
323:
of Iran in the late fifth and fourth millenniums BC. It had a long duration and wide geographical distribution which Its pottery tradition was extremely sophisticated and influential to the surrounding regions which the pottery from in much later durations showed the same cultural and traditional
341:
In the late fifth and early fourth millennia BC, Bakun A settlements were at once manufacturing sites and centres for the administration of production and trade. Their painted pottery featured some unusual specific motifs, such as large-horned mountain sheep and goats, that were rare or unique
383:
567:
Potts, D.T. and
Roustaei, K. (eds.), "The Mamasani Archaeological Project Stage One: A Report on the First two Seasons of the ICAR-University of Sydney Expedition to the Mamasani District, Fars Province, Iran", Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran,
635:
Alexander
Langsdorff and Donald McCown, "Socio-Economic Complexity in Southwestern Iran During the Fifth and Fourth Millennia BC: The Evidence from Tall-e Bakun A", Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, Iran, vol. 26, pp. 17–34,
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and of wooden columns suggest a once rich interior. Richly painted pottery was produced. There were also ceramic female figurines and those of animals. Artifactual remains from the site include objects made of copper, pottery and stone.
516:
Alizadeh, A., N. Kouchoukos, T.J. Wilkinson, A.M. Bauer, and M. Mashkour, "Human-Environment
Interactions on the Upper Khuzestan Plains, Southwest Iran: Recent Investigations", Paléorient, vol. 30, pp. 69-88,
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led by Namio Egami and
Seiichi Masuda in 1956. The most recent excavations, 3 small trenches, were by a joint team of the Oriental Institute and the Iranian Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization in 2004.
646:
359:
489:
Abbas
Alizadeh, Abbas Alizadeh, "The Origins of State Organizations in Prehistoric Highland Fars, Southern Iran: Excavations at Tall-e Bakun", Oriental Institute Publication 128, 2006
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Four other nearby Bakun period sites Tall-i jaleyan Tappeh
Rahmatabad, Tol-e Nurabad, and Tol-e Pir were three times larger than the 'A' layer of excavation from Tall-i Bakun site
280:
and turquoise were procured. If my inferences are correct, we have a settlement that is spatially arranged according to its functional needs and socio-economic organization.
683:
371:
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Namio Egami and
Seiichi Masuda, "Marv-Dasht: I: the excavation at Tall-i-Bakun 1956 and 1959", The Institute for Oriental Culture the University of Tokyo, 1962
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After the decline of Bakun, Lapui period followed. In recent publications, Bakun period is dated 5400-4100 BC, and the Lapui period is dated 4100-3500 BC.
507:
Namio Egami
Seiichi Masuda, "Marv-Dasht: the excavation at Tall-I-Bakun 1959 (report 3)", The Institute for Oriental Culture the University of Tokyo, 1962
262:
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Bakun pottery (Bakun-ware) is known in the Fars region in the form of bowls and jugs with green, reddish brown or deep brown bands and stripes.
275:
Around 140 fired clay sealings were found in various buildings, the majority being from use as door seals. They were created using stamp seals.
577:
Majidzadeh, Yousef, "The
Development of the Pottery Kiln in Iran from Prehistoric to Historical Periods", Paléorient, vol. 3, pp. 207–21, 1975
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Erich F. Schmidt, "Tol-e-Bakun: Prehistoric Mound near Persepolis", University of Pennsylvania Museum Bulletin, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 27-28, 1939
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basin. It was inhabited during bakun period of pre 5500-4100 BC and followed with Lapuid period around 4100-3500 BC in its second fade.
599:
Mohammad Hossein Rezaei et. al, "The Dehdaran mound: a Bakun settlement in Kazeroon, Iran", Antiquity, Vol 82, Issue 316, June 2008
586:
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232:. Alexander Langsdorff and Donald McCown conducted full scale excavations in 1932. Additional work was done at the site in 1937 by
38:
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Socio-Economic Complexity in Southwestern Iran during the Fifth and Fourth Millennia B.C.: The Evidence from Tall-i Bakun A
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233:
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A number of other kilns in the Near East share some elements of the Bakun kilns. There are close parallels with those of
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Herzfeld, E., "Prehistoric Persia I, a Neolithic Settlement at Perspolis", Illustrated London News 25, pp. 892-93, 1929
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Alexander Langsdorff and Donald E. McCown, Tall-i Bakun A, A Season of 1932, Oriental Institute Publication 59, 1942
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The site consists of two mounds, A (about 2 hectares in area) and B. In 1928, exploratory excavation was done by
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Abbas Alizadeh, "A Protoliterate Pottery Kiln from Chogha Mish", Iran, 23:39, January 1985 DOI: 10.2307/4299752
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Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
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Fraser, James A., "An Alternate View Of Complexity At Tall-e Bakun A", Iran, vol. 46, pp. 1–19, 2008
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Handmade bowl painted with three standing or dancing figures, c. 4000 BCE. British Museum, London
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296:. These double-chamber kilns were in use for at least 300 years with no significant changes.
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Investigating Archaeological Cultures: Material Culture, Variability, and Transmission.
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Alizadeh, A., "TALL-E BAKUN", Oriental Institute Annual Report, pp. 26-33, 1991-1992
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Tall-i Bakun 'A' is the only site in the area providing a long sequence of ancient
244:. Some limited work, a single trench, was done at Tall-i Bakun by a team from the
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Collections Search Center, S.I.R.I.S., Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
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Ernst Herzfeld, Alexander Langsdorff, Donald McCown, Namio Egami, Abbas Alizadeh
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Herzfeld, E., "Iranische Denkmaler I A", Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin, 1932
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The site was active from circa 6th millennium BC to circa 4th millennium BC.
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Various artifacts, Bakun culture, 4200-3800 BCE, Oriental Institute, Chicago
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Ernst Herzfeld Papers, Series 5: Drawings and Maps, Records of Tall-e Bakun
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Handmade pottery vessel. Painted, 4500-4000 BCE, British Museum, London
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of the same time period. Also there are parallels with those from the
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Outside Fars this pottery has been found in northern and eastern
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period. Similar designs are not found elsewhere in the Levant.
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Pottery, Bakun culture, Oriental Institute, Chicago
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664:Bowl from Tall-i Bakun at the British Museum
614:Springer Science & Business Media, 2011
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659:Site photograph from the Oriental Institute
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684:Buildings and structures in Fars province
608:Benjamin W. Roberts, Marc Vander Linden,
236:leading the Persepolis Expedition of the
263:University of Chicago Oriental Institute
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353:Examples of pottery from Tall-e Bukan
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319:The Bakun culture flourished in the
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418:List of Iranian artifacts abroad
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204:) was a prehistoric site in the
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428:Cities of the ancient Near East
555:(PDF); text file is available
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261:Artifacts of Tall-i Bakun in
679:Archaeological sites in Iran
338:and Zuhreh regions as well.
208:about 3 kilometers south of
149:1929, 1932, 1937, 1956, 2004
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324:refinement and antiquity.
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551:Abbas Alizadeh (1988),
689:National works of Iran
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242:University of Chicago
146:Excavation dates
94:29.91333°N 52.88667°E
230:University of Berlin
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238:Oriental Institute
178:Public access
99:29.91333; 52.88667
206:Ancient Near East
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126:5th millennium BC
53:Shown within Iran
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135:Chalcolithic
28:Tall-i Bakun
18:Tell-i Bakun
342:elsewhere.
309:New Kingdom
220:Archaeology
194:(in modern
97: /
73:Coordinates
673:Categories
620:1441969705
413:lakh Mazar
301:Tepe Gawra
210:Persepolis
141:Site notes
113:settlement
85:52°53′12″E
82:29°54′48″N
332:Khuzestan
228:, of the
214:Kor River
170:Ownership
162:Condition
407:See also
336:Behbahan
62:Location
349:Gallery
253:History
240:of the
212:in the
131:Periods
123:Founded
118:History
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173:Public
165:Ruined
68:, Iran
434:Notes
294:kilns
636:1988
622:p173
616:ISBN
568:2006
557:here
517:2004
202:Iran
110:Type
190:or
181:Yes
675::
542:^
460:^
200:,
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
