Temple of Apollo (Delphi) - Knowledge (XXG)

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animals such as goats, sheep, or bulls. If the Pythia decided an offering was sufficient, she would proceed to enter Apollo's temple and descend into a chamber below the sanctuary ground. She would then sit on a tripod in the chamber and be cleansed by water from the Castalian spring, which is said to have entered the chamber through a large chasm in the rock floor. Various accounts describe the emission of gases also arising from the chasm while others say burnt bay laurel leaves created the fumes. Reports also state the Pythia inhaled the gases or fumes, drank from a silver bowl containing water from the Castalian spring, and held a branch of the bay laurel plant in her hand and in doing so brought to a state of delirium. In this tranced psychological state came the knowledge of Apollo which the Pythia would begin to voice in words that could not be understood. A priest standing above in the temple hears her voice through an opening in the floor and interprets the prophecy, which was then delivered either verbally to the inquirer or, often in more important cases, written by the priest on a bay laurel leaf. This interpretation has been challenged by some scholars, such as Joseph Fontenrose and Lisa Maurizio, who argue that the ancient sources uniformly represent the Pythia speaking intelligibly, and giving prophecies in her voice.

1078: 994: 1054: 665: 1010: 1030: 1098: 1118: 932: 354: 699:, served as the oracle for the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. Greeks and non-Greeks alike would go to the Temple of Apollo at Delphi from across the Mediterranean and beyond to consult the Pythia on a variety of different topics, ranging from the state level like the establishment of new colonies to the personal level like marriage, children, and health. The Pythia was typically regarded as the foremost oracle within the Greek world, with Herodotus making emphasis on this claim when recounting the story of the Lydian king 270: 885: 830:, several of which saw the looting of the treasuries and the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. While sometimes including the same states, the wars were not directly connected to or continuations of prior conflicts, and are typically used to refer to instances when multiple parties vied for control of Delphi. Several of the Sacred Wars saw the transitioning of control over Delphi and its religious sites, such as the conflict between Sparta and the Athenian-backed 755: 555:: ΓΝΩΘΙ ΣΑΥΤΟΝ (KNOW THYSELF), ΜΗΔΕΝ ΑΓΑΝ (NOTHING IN EXCESS), and ΕΓΓΥΑ, ΠΑΡΑ ΔΑΤΗ (SURETY BRINGS RUIN) as well as the enigmatic Delphic symbol “Ε”. The main cella of the temple was the place where travelers or pilgrims looking to consult the Pythia would wait for a response. The floor of the cella was made of blue-grey limestone slabs that were occasionally washed with water from the Castilian spring, while the walls were decorated with paintings 29: 203:, or the Oracle of Delphi, making the Temple of Apollo and the sanctuary at Delphi a major Panhellenic religious site as early as the 8th century B.C.E., and a place of great importance at many different periods of ancient Greek history. References to Delphi, the sanctuary, the temple, and the prophecies of the Pythia are made throughout ancient Greek mythology and historical accounts from the periods of its use. 295:, though in his writing Pausanias expressed his doubts about Hephaestus' role in its construction. Pausanias also provides two possibilities for the destruction of the third temple, either having been burned down by fire or falling into a deep fissure of the earth. While the Homeric Hymn to Apollo states that Apollo himself laid the foundations, Pausanias states that the fourth temple was one of stone built by 779:. Several ancient writers make reference to major offerings from individuals or states that would have been stored at the temple or the nearby treasuries within the sanctuary. Their exact placement within the temple is unclear and in some cases inconsistent with other authors, though some are more specific in their origins and objects offered. A detailed example of this includes the wealth that 956:, a sculpture from a larger bronze structure and the remaining component of the arrangement. According to the Delphi Archaeological Museum, The Charioteer was a gift from Polyzalos of Gela, dedicated to the site after a victorious trip to the Pythian Games. Another important discovery during excavation at the Temple of Apollo, was a sculpture depicting three women known as the " 1077: 993: 2840: 1009: 1029: 657:, these practices are not entirely well known, though they reference the reincarnation of Dionysus from a mortal into a god and the temple at Delphi housing the mortal remains of Dionysus. Outside of the winter months, ritual practice at the Temple of Apollo at Delphi would largely focus on Apollo and the 741:

The legitimacy of the oracular process which took place at the Temple of Apollo has been a topic of much debate among modern scholars. Research on this topic does not seem to suggest any evidence of a large fissure or chasm in the ground under the temple, nor any indication that consuming bay laurel

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The fifth temple was originally built around the end of the 6th century B.C.E, though it was eventually reconstructed after an earthquake in 330 B.C.E.. Except for some external sculptures that were completed in the later half of the 5th century B.C.E., the temple was fully functioning by 490 B.C.E.

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where visitors to the sanctuary would purify themselves before entering, the path leading to the Temple of Apollo was referred to as the Sacred Way and was lined with treasuries housing the offerings of different major Greek states, like Athens, Corinth, Boeotia, and Thebes many among others. Within

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The first modern excavation at Delphi took place in 1892. In 1891The French government granted the French School of Athens the rights to excavate, and the process went from 1892 to 1894. Archaeologist Jean Théphille Homelle lead the excavation of the entire site of Delphi, which included the Temple

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stone that was presented as the navel of the Earth and universe. One version of the myth references Zeus released two eagles to fly in opposite directions toward the ends of the Earth before meeting at the site of Delphi, thus marking it as the center of the universe. The omphalos within the temple

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While prophecy and the consultation of the oracle were major aspects of religious practice at Delphi, Apollo was likely also worshiped for his capacity as a healer. Inscriptions along the polygonal wall refer to a tax levied to pay for medical attendance for people coming to the temple for healing.

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as the architect, the contract regarding the design of the temple said it was to be made of limestone, though there is a reference that the unexpected increase of the budget allowed for the inclusion of white Parian marble columns. Decorating the exterior of the temple were pediments started by the

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The oracular process of the Pythia is not entirely well known nor without debate, though there are ancient accounts of several different aspects of the process. The inquirer came to the Temple of Apollo at Delphi and offered a gift upon the altar located outside the building, typically sacrificial

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Greek traditions and writing reference five different temples built at Delphi throughout history. Scholars like Henry J. Middleton have argued that the first three temples were constructed before the creation of the Homeric poems and before the cult of Apollo was established at Delphi. The first

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which recounts Pythian Apollo's journey to the site of Delphi. According to Homer, Apollo traveled to the site of Delphi and laid out the foundations for the temple where Trophonius and Agamedes placed a threshold stone for the temple. Upon establishing the sanctuary Apollo traveled to a nearby

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effects. Geological evidence also indicates that fractures below the temple have created possible passage for Castalian spring water to enter the temple. These geological discoveries may be the origins of accounts about the Pythia and the state of delirium they endured when delivering oracular

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In 1938, the French School of Athens would excavate again under the direction of archaeologist Robert Demangel and supervised by future secretary of the school, Pierre Amandry, and archaeologist, Pierre de La Coste-Messeliére. French excavators discovered two small cavities in the ground below

195:, the god of archery, music, light, prophecy, the arts, and healing. There have been several temples built at Delphi throughout the history of the site, though the visible ruins seen in modernity are those of the temple built in the 4th century B.C.E. before its destruction under the orders of 1053: 303:

before it was burned down in 548 B.C.E.. Arguments by historians have been made that the fourth temple was the first sanctuary during the time of Apollo at Delphi, and the temple is referred to in most Greek mythological tradition when talking about Delphi and Apollo's patronage of the city.

492:, built around 560 B.C.E. and which sits on a tall column guarding the sanctuary. The temple itself was built platform situated on a sloped hill with a North to South incline, with evidence of rows with small, stone chambers underneath, all of which were encompassed by large walls made up of 1097: 334:, and a decision was made that a quarter of the payment would be made by the people of Delphi while the rest was to be collected via donations from other civilizations within the known world, though several donations well exceeded that budget such as the Greek colonists of 261:, or "navel", of the Earth that was located in Apollo's sacred temple. The Temple of Apollo at Delphi was perceived as an incredibly sacred site, considered a major center of ancient Greek religious practice and belief as well as a place intimately connected to the gods. 219:

at Delphi and occupies a remote, but central location relative to other Greek cities and settlements. The area is historically a major economic site due to the extensive olive groves nearby, as well as a major religious site between the associations with Dionysus and his

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More recent geological study of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi have identified fractures and fault zones in the ground below the site. During a tectonic event, it is possible hydrocarbon gases were emitted from these fault zones and such gases can have intoxicating and

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depicting humanoid figures. Remains of the statues were preserved well and work began to reconstruct the aesthetics of the statue features. Also found amongst the remains below the Temple of Apollo were gold slates with depictions of animals and mythological figures.

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upon which he would have sung and composed odes to Apollo. The final major point of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi is the oracular vault which the Pythia would have gone into, to receive a prophecy, likely positioned under the temple itself and housing the

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for cultivating sacred land, goods that were then used to fund a mercenary army for the Phocians. At this point, the accumulation of treasures donated or sacrificed to Apollo was sizable, and it is estimated that the Phocians were able to spend 10,000

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serving all Greek settlements, though Apollo was not the only deity worshiped at the temple. For nine months out of the year the cult of Apollo would be the dominant sect within the temple at Delphi, then during the winter months

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council, the religious and later political order that controlled Delphi, held a meeting before the construction of the new temple and decided the cost of building the new temple would be split. The original budget set was at 300

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The Delphic oracle and the site of Delphi are heavily referenced across Greek myth and drama, both indirectly and directly. The mythological origins of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi can be found in the second part of the

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The exact layout of the interior of the temple is unknown, though several Greek writers from different periods make several references to significant offerings or notable architectural points of the temple, such as the

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of Apollo. Excavation uncovered various artistic votives dedicated to Apollo. Offerings included buildings, statues, and bronze and marble structures. Most notable amongst the findings was a bronze statue known as the

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At several different points during the period of 595 B.C.E. and 290 B.C.E., the city of Delphi became a place of major contention with multiple parties vying for control of the city, resulting in a series of

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sculptor Praxias but finished by Androsthenes after the Praxias' death. The pediments occupied the Eastern and Western sides of the temple, with the Eastern pediment including imagery of Apollo,

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at Delphi. In doing so, Apollo took the form of a dolphin, boarded the ship, and the sailors were awed into fearful submission to the deity. A divine wind guided the ship across the sea and to

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Statues of brothers Kleobis and Biton of Argos, sons of a priestess of Hera. Made by Polymedes of Argos and dedicated to Apollo by the people of Argos. Delphi, Greece. Archaic, 610 B.C.E.

807:. The offerings that accumulated at the temple and the treasuries within the sanctuary made Delphi an incredibly wealthy city, a wealth that was so renown that Herodotus made remarks that 869:

and left her body out to rot, the etymological connections between the Greek word 'to' rot' and Python and Pythian. The slaying of Python connects to the banishment of Apollo by Zeus to

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temples and iconography, thus ordering the destruction of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi and the removal or destruction of most of the statues and artwork, leaving few remains.

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when he came to Delphi for a prophecy, and following this future priestess were required to be at least fifty years old though they intentionally dressed like a young woman.

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Capable of inflicting and relieving civilizations of plague, the Temple of Apollo at Delphi was also visited when seeking Apollo's help during large health disasters.

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of slaves upon their dedication to Apollo, among other major declarations, with some dating as far back as the 3rd century B.C.E. while others to Roman times under

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player from the Western Pediment of the Classical temple. Accredited to the sculptures Praxias and Androsthenes. Delphi, Greece. Classical, circa 330 B.C.E.

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The women selected to be the Pythia were originally selected among the women of Delphi. This was supposedly changed when one of the Pythia were violated by

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from the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. The top left was from the Classical temple, bottom right was from the Archaic temple. Delphi, Greece.

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found Northeast of the temple, likely a later reproduction of the one that stood in the adyton. Delphi, Greece. Hellenistic or Roman.

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in 357 B.C.E. saw the seizing and looting of the Temple of Apollo by the Phocians after they refused to pay a fine levied by the

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that saw Sparta return autonomy to the Delphians before Athens returned control to the Phocians. Notably, the

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Other myths in the Greek world related to Delphi reference it as the center of the universe, marked by the

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Apollo's sacred temple where they found pieces of ivory, bronze, and gold that were likely the remains of

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during a 279 B.C.E. invasion. Other major architectural aspects of the exterior of the temple include the

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The offering of sacrificial animals and material goods to the gods were major ritualistic practices in

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https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/greek-art/daedalic-archaic/v/delphi

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also makes claims that the beauty of the temple is accredited to the wealth and good lineage of the

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Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. “Archaeological Site of Delphi.” UNESCO World Heritage Centre,

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would receive prophecies. According to writers from antiquity, inscribed on a column in the

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the ancient Greek world, Delphi was considered the center of the universe, marked by the

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in 390 C.E.. During antiquity, the temple was home to the famous Greek prophetess the

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staged festivals and rituals to honor the god. As the cult of Dionysus was largely a

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Several ancient sources refer to the magnificence of the temple, such as several of

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incorrectly assuming the prophecy from Pythia was about his adopted parents from

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during the mythological founding of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. They included

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likely was adorned with two golden eagles at its side in reference to this myth.

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Following the establishment of the sanctuary and temple, Apollo then intercepted

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when told that a great empire will fall if he went to war with the Persians and

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would have been more familiar with the Delphic wealth than his own in Persia.

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and Delphi being situated among the southern slopes in a valley north of the

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standing along a rising and setting sun while the Western pediment depicted

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leaves or water from the Castalian spring can induce an intoxicated state.

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http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/artifact?object=Site&name=Delphi

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situated along the Sacred Way leading to the Temple of Apollo at Delphi.

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practice is paused, and focus shifts to the cult of Dionysus as the

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Prayers in Stone: Greek Architectural Sculpture (c. 600-100 B.C.E.)

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from the Aarchaic temple. Delphi, Greece. Archaic, 515-505 B.C.E.

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temple at Delphi took the form of a hut made from laurel from the

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The oracle: the lost secrets and hidden message of ancient Delphi

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in Central Greece, the Temple of Apollo at Delphi is part of the

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A model reconstruction of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi at the

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Aspects of Greek history 750-323 BC: a source-based approach

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Aspects of Greek history 750-323 BC: a source-based approach

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International Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe

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in 490 B.C.E. and Gallic shields from the repulsion of the

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Morford, Mark P.O.; Lenardon, Robert J. (2003). "Apollo".

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Classical Philology Volume 22, Number 2 Apr., 1927 p121

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The temple survived until AD 390, when the Roman emperor

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in place of infant Zeus, and an iron chair dedicated to

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shields taken as spoils of war by the Athenians from the

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https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/360881

2825:“Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi (Video).” Khan Academy, 2356:

Fontenrose 1978, pp. 196–227; Maurizio 2001, pp. 38–54.

563:. Following the main cella was the inner sanctuary, or 1513:"The Temple of Apollo - Archaeological Site of Delphi" 535:, the inner sanctuary, and vault or chamber where the 395:

family that handled the contract given to them by the

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Seltman, Charles (1951). "Delphi I: Pythian Apollo".

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Ancient Greece: from prehistoric to Hellenistic times

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council degrees granting special privileges, public

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The ruins of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi in 2012.

317:Pythian odes. The original fifth temple was of the 123: 118: 79: 69: 64: 52: 40: 35: 21: 2880:4th-century BC religious buildings and structures 711:incorrectly assuming he would win and defeat the 2870:Ancient Greek buildings and structures in Delphi 2767:Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2372:Geological Society, London, Special Publications 964:, also a part of the museum, was found in 1893. 583:and Apollo in association with prophecy and the 1177:. University of California Press. p. 211. 1043:. Delphi, Greece. Archaic, circa 570-560 B.C.E. 640:The Temple of Apollo at Delphi functioned as a 2885:Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire 791:or the silver bowl and its iron stand made by 476:. Also attached to the temple's exterior were 1200:Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Bod, 8: 1131:. Delphi, Greece. Roman, circa 117-138 C.E. 496:. These walls have inscriptions relating to 2295:. New York: Penguin Press. pp. 31–32. 1039:which would have sat atop a ten-meter call 2761:Boer, J. Z. De; Hale, J. R. (2000-01-01). 2366:Boer, J. Z. De; Hale, J. R. (2000-01-01). 1196: 1194: 18: 2466:Pilgrims and Pilgrimage in Ancient Greece 930: 695:The priestesses of Apollo, known as the 663: 468:, and Dionysus killing a giant with his 268: 1163: 989: 611:issued an order for the destruction of 2553: 2551: 2468:, Milton Park: Routledge, p. 51, 2179: 2177: 2035: 2033: 1896: 1894: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1615: 1613: 1599: 1597: 2500:. London: Routledge. pp. 20–22. 2053: 2051: 2049: 1809: 1807: 1214: 1212: 7: 1308:Landscapes, Gender, and Ritual Space 1301: 1299: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1242: 1240: 1127:, the posthumously deified lover of 877:and the mythological origins of the 2821:https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/393/ 2699:"Delphi, Naxian Sphinx (Sculpture)" 1733:"Delphi, Naxian Sphinx (Sculpture)" 799:, father of Croesus, both of which 321:order with a six-by-fifteen column 1083:Marble sculpture of Dionysus as a 891:at the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. 360:on the temple's south-east corner. 14: 2346:(8): 15–18 – via EBSCOHost. 865:stream and slayed the she-dragon 313:as they were mentioned in one of 2838: 2586:"The Temple of Apollo at Delphi" 2524:. 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(1999). 1147:List of Ancient Greek temples 187:located in Central Greece at 2584:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 2197:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 2113:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 2058:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1956:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1901:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1814:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1756:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1664:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1546:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1457:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1321:Middleton, J. Henry (1888). 1306:Cole, Susan Guettel (2004). 1133:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1109:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1089:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1069:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1045:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1035:Naxian marble statue of the 1021:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1001:Delphi Archaeological Museum 937:Delphi Archaeological Museum 775:, especially in the form of 175: 2722:Vanderpool, Eugene (1949). 2640:"The Excavations at Delphi" 1123:Parian marble sculpture of 2903: 2845:Temple of Apollo in Delphi 2291:Broad, William J. (2006). 1219:Martin, Thomas R. (2013). 970:Chryselephantine sculpture 942: 818: 707:misunderstandings include 688: 633: 627: 179:) was a major part of the 164: 22:Temple of Apollo at Delphi 732:Echecrates the Thessalian 26: 2460:Matthew, Dillon (1997), 873:for the purification of 399:. Alongside designating 350:giving 1,000 talents. 2875:Destroyed Greek temples 2520:Buckley, Terry (1996). 2496:Buckley, Terry (1996). 2474:10.4324/9780203352441-8 907:intending to make them 685:Prophecy and The Pythia 2572:Homeric Hymn to Apollo 2559:Homeric Hymn to Apollo 2543:Homeric Hymn to Apollo 2326:De defectu oraculorum, 2169:Description of Greece, 1652:Description of Greece, 1416:Description of Greece, 940: 892: 773:Ancient Greek religion 763: 681: 401:Spintharius of Corinth 361: 278:The First Four Temples 274: 81:Geographic coordinates 2847:at Wikimedia Commons 2703:www.perseus.tufts.edu 2650:(20): 373–374. 1909. 2041:Description of Greece 1737:www.perseus.tufts.edu 1634:Description of Greece 1445:Description of Greece 1403:Description of Greece 1390:Description of Greece 1377:Description of Greece 1252:www.perseus.tufts.edu 945:Excavations at Delphi 934: 887: 757: 667: 642:Panhellenic sanctuary 587:, the stone given to 356: 325:on the exterior. The 272: 217:Panhellenic Sanctuary 133:Spintharus of Corinth 103:38.48222°N 22.50111°E 953:Charioteer of Delphi 547:, were three of the 504:to benefactors, the 464:defeating the giant 456:defeating the giant 338:having given twenty 16:Ancient Greek temple 2779:2000GSLSP.171..399D 2644:Scientific American 2384:2000GSLSP.171..399D 2315:Diod. Sic. 16.26.6. 2185:De Iside et Osiride 1280:Classical Mythology 844:Amphictyonic League 397:Amphictyonic league 327:Amphictyonic league 252:. Beginning at the 222:Dionysian mysteries 99: / 2680:. 11 December 2019 2025:De E apud Delphos, 1515:. 10 February 2020 941: 893: 785:Greco-Persian Wars 764: 682: 482:Battle of Marathon 362: 275: 108:38.48222; 22.50111 2865:Temples of Apollo 2843:Media related to 2302:978-1-59420-081-6 1886:De E apud Delphos 1868:Eliza G. Wilkins 1289:978-0-19-515344-6 1230:978-0-300-16005-5 1184:978-0-520-21556-6 958:Dancers of Delphi 927:Modern excavation 836:Second Sacred War 803:mentioned in his 795:and dedicated by 713:Achaemenid Empire 579:, two statues of 494:polygonal masonry 173: 149: 148: 2892: 2842: 2807: 2806: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2710: 2709: 2695: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2685: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2581: 2575: 2568: 2562: 2555: 2546: 2539: 2533: 2518: 2512: 2511: 2493: 2487: 2486: 2457: 2451: 2444: 2438: 2431: 2425: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2363: 2357: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2335: 2329: 2322: 2316: 2313: 2307: 2306: 2288: 2282: 2275: 2269: 2262: 2256: 2249: 2243: 2242: 2194: 2188: 2181: 2172: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2055: 2044: 2037: 2028: 2021: 2015: 2008: 2002: 2001: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1898: 1889: 1882: 1876: 1866: 1860: 1859: 1811: 1802: 1801: 1753: 1747: 1746: 1744: 1743: 1729: 1723: 1716: 1710: 1709: 1661: 1655: 1648: 1637: 1630: 1624: 1617: 1608: 1601: 1592: 1591: 1543: 1537: 1530: 1524: 1523: 1521: 1520: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1454: 1448: 1441: 1435: 1425: 1419: 1412: 1406: 1399: 1393: 1386: 1380: 1373: 1367: 1366: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1303: 1294: 1293: 1275: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1244: 1235: 1234: 1216: 1207: 1198: 1189: 1188: 1168: 1120: 1100: 1080: 1056: 1032: 1012: 996: 903:on their way to 840:Third Sacred War 793:Glaucus of Chios 787:and his loss to 308:The Fifth Temple 254:Castalian Spring 178: 168: 166: 155:, also known as 153:Temple of Apollo 114: 113: 111: 110: 109: 104: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 31: 19: 2902: 2901: 2895: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2890: 2889: 2860:Ruins in Greece 2850: 2849: 2831:Delphi (Site). 2816: 2811: 2810: 2760: 2759: 2755: 2721: 2720: 2716: 2707: 2705: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2683: 2681: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2583: 2582: 2578: 2569: 2565: 2556: 2549: 2540: 2536: 2519: 2515: 2508: 2495: 2494: 2490: 2484: 2459: 2458: 2454: 2445: 2441: 2432: 2428: 2419: 2415: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2303: 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557:Pliny the Elder 522: 490:Sphinx of Naxos 367: 310: 280: 267: 226:Gulf of Corinth 213:Mount Parnassus 209: 145: 107: 105: 101: 98: 93: 90: 88: 86: 85: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2900: 2899: 2896: 2888: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2852: 2851: 2836: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2815: 2814:External links 2812: 2809: 2808: 2773:(1): 399–412. 2753: 2714: 2690: 2669: 2631: 2602:10.2307/623677 2576: 2563: 2547: 2534: 2513: 2506: 2488: 2482: 2452: 2439: 2426: 2413: 2378:(1): 399–412. 2358: 2349: 2330: 2317: 2308: 2301: 2283: 2270: 2257: 2244: 2215:10.2307/623677 2189: 2173: 2160: 2131:10.2307/623677 2105: 2076:10.2307/623677 2045: 2029: 2016: 2003: 1974:10.2307/623677 1948: 1919:10.2307/623677 1890: 1877: 1861: 1832:10.2307/623677 1803: 1774:10.2307/623677 1748: 1724: 1711: 1682:10.2307/623677 1656: 1638: 1625: 1609: 1593: 1564:10.2307/623677 1538: 1525: 1504: 1475:10.2307/623677 1449: 1436: 1420: 1407: 1394: 1381: 1368: 1339:10.2307/623677 1313: 1295: 1288: 1263: 1236: 1229: 1208: 1190: 1183: 1162: 1161: 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1388:Pausanias, 1375:Pausanias, 1015:Two marble 834:during the 828:Sacred Wars 725:Oedipus Rex 553:Seven Sages 474:gilt bronze 442:Bellerophon 340:mina (unit) 238:Neoptolemus 211:Located on 181:Panhellenic 106: / 42:Affiliation 2854:Categories 2708:2021-12-13 2684:2021-12-14 2424:, 1.50-51. 2324:Plutarch, 2268:, 1.90-91. 2255:, 1.47-48. 2023:Plutarch, 1884:Plutarch, 1742:2021-12-13 1636:, 10.5.13. 1519:2021-12-14 1405:, 5.11-12. 1257:2023-06-05 1158:References 1061:akroterion 508:, and the 297:Trophonius 293:Hephaestus 183:religious 176:Apollṓnion 165:Ἀπολλώνιον 157:Apollonion 94:22°30′04″E 91:38°28′56″N 2795:0305-8719 2740:0003-8113 2656:0036-8733 2626:163743047 2610:0075-4269 2545:294-300. 2448:Histories 2435:Histories 2422:Histories 2400:0305-8719 2266:Histories 2253:Histories 2239:163743047 2223:0075-4269 2155:163743047 2139:0075-4269 2100:163743047 2084:0075-4269 2012:Histories 1998:163743047 1982:0075-4269 1943:163743047 1927:0075-4269 1856:163743047 1840:0075-4269 1798:163743047 1782:0075-4269 1722:, 190-219 1706:163743047 1690:0075-4269 1621:Histories 1605:Histories 1588:163743047 1572:0075-4269 1536:, 7.10-5. 1499:163743047 1483:0075-4269 1392:, 5.9-10. 1379:, 10.5.9. 1363:163743047 1347:0075-4269 1135:, Delphi. 1111:, Delphi. 1091:, Delphi. 1071:, Delphi. 1047:, Delphi. 1023:, Delphi. 1003:, Delphi. 855:Mythology 805:Histories 801:Herodotus 767:Offerings 672:and King 466:Enceladus 389:Herodotus 379:Euripides 348:Amasis II 336:Naucratis 323:peristyle 185:sanctuary 170:romanized 137:Xenodoros 47:Hellenism 2803:55986460 2748:41662284 2724:"DELPHI" 2664:26029436 2574:457-505. 2561:389-408. 2408:55986460 1654:10.19.4. 1607:, 2.180. 1532:Pindar, 1434:254-255. 1141:See also 1125:Antinous 1105:omphalos 920:Omphalos 889:Omphalos 871:Thessaly 832:Phocians 809:Xerxes I 797:Alyattes 789:Xerxes I 651:Thyiades 647:oracular 636:Dionysus 573:Omphalos 502:eulogies 444:and the 430:Heracles 418:Thyiades 414:Dionysus 373:Pythian 371:Pindar's 344:Egyptian 315:Pindar's 301:Agamedes 259:omphalos 234:Dionysus 207:Location 70:Location 65:Location 36:Religion 2775:Bibcode 2596:: 295. 2437:, 1.25. 2380:Bibcode 2281:945-59. 2209:: 302. 2171:10.32. 2125:: 289. 2014:, 8.37. 1826:: 320. 1676:: 289. 1623:, 5.62. 1534:Pythian 1447:, 5.13. 1429:Homeric 1333:: 284. 1129:Hadrian 1085:kithara 1059:Marble 986:Gallery 901:Knossos 849:talents 781:Croesus 746:Healing 721:Corinth 717:Oedipus 709:Croesus 701:Croesus 676:(Attic 589:Chronos 551:of the 541:pronaos 527:pronaos 514:Hadrian 478:Persian 470:thyrsus 450:Chimera 446:Pegasus 422:metopes 406:Artemis 342:or the 332:talents 172:: 141:Agathon 2801: 2793: 2746: 2738: 2662: 2654: 2624: 2618:623677 2616: 2608: 2528: 2504: 2480: 2406: 2398: 2299: 2237: 2231:623677 2229: 2221: 2153: 2147:623677 2145: 2137: 2098: 2092:623677 2090: 2082: 1996: 1990:623677 1988: 1980: 1941: 1935:623677 1933: 1925: 1854: 1848:623677 1846: 1838: 1796: 1790:623677 1788: 1780: 1704: 1698:623677 1696: 1688: 1586: 1580:623677 1578: 1570: 1497: 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