88:
63:
44:
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visited this area, and found one farm family taking advantage of the first large rain in six years, planting seeds in the wet ground and harvesting a crop two months later. The most successful crops were tepary beans and a drought-adapted squash. Nabhan calculated that the cultivation in the
Pinacate
456:
Tepary beans are very drought tolerant. Germination requires wet soil, but plants will flourish in dry conditions once established. Too much water inhibits bean production. They were cultivated by various methods, most commonly after an infrequent rain in the desert or after flood waters along a
551:
around ~2.1 Mya. As part of this divergence, the species duplicated genes that supported resistance to abiotic stress in arid zones: binding genes coding for chitin-binding proteins, kinase activity, cell wall macromolecule catabolic/metabolic processes and amino sugar metabolism (Example:
358:. Observation of "a limited number" of wild specimens suggested that "the flowers concur with the summer rains, first appearing in late August, with the pods ripening early in the fall dry season, most of them in October". The beans can be of nearly any color. There are many local
491:
area of Sonora. In the
Pinacate, with an average annual precipitation of 75 mm (3.0 in) and temperatures up to 48 °C (118 °F), Papago and Mexican farmers utilized runoff from sparse rains to grow crops. In the 1980s, author
460:
The tepary bean was a major food staple of natives in the
Southwestern United States and northern Mexico. In addition to being grown in floodplains, it was often grown alongside squash and corn. Growing these plants together, known as
571:). This suggests that above 37°C cells that are in the cell division cycle is arrested in the G1-S phase; it seems that this is done by the cell in order to avoid the development of organism and thus conserve energy.
500:
Northwestern Mexico is the primary area of production for tepary beans. The tepary is also cultivated in many countries in Africa, Australia, and Asia. In India, tepary beans are an ingredient in the snacks
575:
synthesis genes were also found to be overexpressed; trehalose is a sugar that in high concentrations is capable of protecting cell membranes and proteins from the denaturation process. A
556:). The tepary bean uses these amino sugars as a protection mechanism against heat stress, preventing proteins within the body of the plant from starting a denaturation process.
761:
472:(Papago) farmers. The Native American method of planting in the American Southwest was to plant three to five seeds in hills six to eight feet apart. Beans were planted in
1027:
559:
A study, published in 2021, showed that when the tepary bean plant is exposed to high temperatures there is a negative regulation of the genes involved in cell division (
1750:
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1564:
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analysis revealed that there is an intrachromosomal rearrangement on chromosomes 2 and 9; this could be a factor in the difficulties in developing fertile hybrids
1616:
513:
795:
1770:
1735:
732:; Felger, Richard S. (Jan–Mar 1978). "Teparies in Southwestern North America: A Biogeographical and Ethnohistorical Study of Phaseolus acutifolius".
1512:
483:) were mainly hunter-gatherers but cultivated tepary beans and other crops when moisture made it possible for them to do so. In 1912, ethnographer
1577:
1525:
1081:
Reynoso-Camacho, R; González de MejĂa, E; Loarca-Piña, G (January 2003). "Purification and acute toxicity of a lectin extracted from tepary bean (
1114:
GarcĂa-Gasca T, Salazar-Olivo LA, Mendiola-Olaya E, Blanco-Labra A (June 2002). "The effects of a protease inhibitor fraction from tepary bean (
1668:
873:
928:
703:
446:
887:
1189:
1148:
591:
toxins and other compounds from tepary beans may be useful in chemotherapy for treating cancer. However, further research is needed.
1765:
769:
1050:
453:
Valley in Mexico. Tepary beans appear to have been domesticated in a single event in northern Mexico, based on genetic evidence.
1551:
457:
river or ephemeral stream had subsided. The tepary bean is relatively disease free, except under conditions of high humidity.
1582:
313:. The water requirements are low. The crop will grow in areas where annual rainfall is less than 400 mm (16 in).
1760:
321:
The tepary bean is an annual and can be climbing, trailing, or erect, with stems up to 4 m (13 ft) long. The
462:
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803:
286:
87:
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528:, in order to impart the tepary's drought and heat resistance. The latter could be especially helpful given
437:
in them typically refer to non-native species of beans, since those names mean "non-Indian person's bean".
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or "It's a bean". The name for a small bean was recorded in the 17th century, in the now extinct
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In the United States, the tepary bean was introduced to Anglo farmers in the 19th century by
1647:
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988:
972:
961:"The tepary bean genome provides insight into evolution and domestication under heat stress"
729:
691:
627:
493:
479:
Cultivation of tepary beans is possible under the most extreme conditions. The Sand Papago (
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112:
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362:. Beans vary in size but tend to be small. They mature 60 to 120 days after planting.
1729:
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and has been grown there by the native peoples since pre-Columbian times. It is more
72:
67:
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43:
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for thousands of years; cultivated beans have been found dating to 500 BCE in the
1603:
1538:
1435:
1252:
1227:
1147:
Valadez Vega MD, Alvarez M, DubĂłn G, GarcĂa CA, Abdullaev F (July 12–16, 2004).
959:
Moghaddam, Samira Mafi; Oladzad, Atena; Koh, Chushin; et al. (2021-05-11).
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was the most arid area in the world where rain-fed agriculture is practiced.
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17:
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1118:) on in vitro cell proliferation and cell adhesion of transformed cells".
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Delgado-Salinas, A.; Alejandre-Iturbide, G.; Contreras, A. (2019).
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332:
99:
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1491:
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found small cultivated fields primarily of tepary beans in the
933:
465:, enhances their growth and provides more balanced nutrition.
841:
People of the Desert and Sea: Ethnobotany of the Seri
Indians
567:) and a positive regulation of those involved in arrest (
305:) and is grown in desert and semi-desert conditions from
916:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. pp. 107–116.
587:
Research in the United States and Mexico suggests that
929:"Meet The Cool Beans Designed To Beat Climate Change"
826:
Arte y vocabulario de la lengua dohema, heve o eudeva
1410:
1374:
1286:
1208:
859:"Plant Guide for Tepary Bean, Phaseolu acutifolius"
843:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. p. 342.
839:Felger, Richard Stephen; Beck Moser, Mary (1985).
633:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T79087660A79087761.en
547:; genomic studies estimate that it diverged from
402:
354:, are known. Domestic varieties are derived from
696:Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names
476:that had been recently flooded by summer rain.
1183:
828:(in Spanish). Mexico City: UNAM. p. 230.
514:International Center for Tropical Agriculture
8:
698:. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p. 2.
432:
425:
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341:
335:
326:
1398:
1190:
1176:
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724:
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61:
42:
31:
992:
888:"Tepary: the Bean that Laughs at Drought"
790:
788:
786:
631:
365:Other names for this native bean include
1051:Papago (Tohono O'odham) Tepary Bean Soup
1751:Flora of the Southwestern United States
690:Eggli, Urs; Newton, Leonard E. (2004).
600:
1776:Plants used in Native American cuisine
1159:. Las Vegas, NV. 49I-2. Archived from
1149:"Cytotoxicity of tepary bean lectins (
874:Natural Resources Conservation Service
954:
952:
852:
850:
7:
346:(-leaved). A narrow leafed, variety
1771:Crops originating from the Americas
1736:IUCN Red List least concern species
619:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1153:lectins) on human malignant cells"
25:
1687:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513665-1
824:Pennington, Campbell W. (1981).
445:Tepary beans have been grown by
350:, and a broader leafed, variety
86:
802:. Agro Products. Archived from
762:"Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray"
927:Charles, Dan (25 March 2015).
263:(A. Gray) Wooton & Standl.
1:
1132:10.1016/S0887-2333(02)00006-1
1099:10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00215-6
1030:at slowfoodusa.org (archived)
800:agriculturalproductsindia.com
1053:at ocbtracker.com (archived)
857:Gray, A. (September 2018).
532:'s effects on agriculture.
1792:
1057:NRCS: USDA Plants Profile
977:10.1038/s41467-021-22858-x
912:Nabhan, Gary Paul (1990).
287:southwestern United States
463:Three Sisters agriculture
244:
237:
220:
213:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
1766:Flora of Central America
626:: e.T79087660A79087761.
1299:Phaseolus angustissimus
673:"Phaseolus acutifolius"
655:"Phaseolus acutifolius"
543:is a sister species of
524:of the tepary bean and
505:" and Punjabi Tadka by
433:
426:
414:
411:of northern Mexico, as
403:
1346:Phaseolus polystachios
536:Heat stress resistance
431:). Names that contain
342:
340:(pointed, acute), and
336:
327:
1442:Phaseolus acutifolius
1412:Phaseolus acutifolius
1341:Phaseolus pauciflorus
1294:Phaseolus acutifolius
1203:species and cultivars
1151:Phaseolus acutifolius
1116:Phaseolus acutifolius
1083:Phaseolus acutifolius
1059:Phaseolus acutifolius
1036:Phaseolus acutifolius
965:Nature Communications
612:Phaseolus acutifolius
274:Phaseolus acutifolius
260:Phaseolus tenuifolius
248:Phaseolus acutifolius
224:Phaseolus acutifolius
36:Phaseolus acutifolius
1326:Phaseolus harmsianus
1321:Phaseolus filiformis
914:Gathering the Desert
397:may derive from the
277:, also known as the
1761:Flora of Costa Rica
1356:Phaseolus rimbachii
1336:Phaseolus maculatus
1304:Phaseolus coccineus
206:P. acutifolius
53:Conservation status
1361:Phaseolus ritensis
1351:Phaseolus radiatus
1309:Fabes de la Granja
1243:Dragon tongue bean
1210:Phaseolus vulgaris
1157:IFT Annual Meeting
1087:Food Chem. Toxicol
1043:2016-03-04 at the
894:. July–August 1983
331:, is derived from
309:through Mexico to
303:Phaseolus vulgaris
1723:
1722:
1643:Open Tree of Life
1404:Taxon identifiers
1395:
1394:
1331:Phaseolus lunatus
1316:Phaseolus dumosus
1223:Black turtle bean
892:Mother Earth News
705:978-3-540-00489-9
295:drought-resistant
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16:(Redirected from
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1278:Rattlesnake bean
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1120:Toxicol in Vitro
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659:ThePlantList.org
651:
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512:As of 2015, the
494:Gary Paul Nabhan
481:Hia C-eḍ O'odham
447:Native Americans
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323:specific epithet
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27:Species of plant
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1366:Phaseolus rosei
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1045:Wayback Machine
1034:Bean, Tepary —
1028:The Tepary Bean
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730:Nabhan, Gary P.
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1713:wfo-0000174176
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1248:Flageolet bean
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1218:Appaloosa bean
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1163:on 2004-09-29.
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489:Pinacate Peaks
470:Tohono O'Odham
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806:on 2012-07-06
805:
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796:"Tepary Bean"
791:
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772:on 2016-12-20
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692:"acutifolius"
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1387:Shucky beans
1293:
1233:Calypso bean
1198:
1161:the original
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583:Medical uses
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35:
29:
1604:NatureServe
1539:iNaturalist
1436:Wikispecies
1253:Kidney bean
1228:Bolita bean
1093:(1): 21–7.
1067:acutifolius
971:(1): 2638.
766:PROTA4U.org
742:(1): 2–19.
711:19 November
639:25 December
569:GO: 0007050
554:Glucosamine
549:P. vulgaris
545:P. vulgaris
526:common bean
522:crossbreeds
520:is testing
441:Cultivation
393:. The name
348:tenuifolius
328:acutifolius
317:Description
299:common bean
279:tepary bean
252:tenuifolius
178:Subfamily:
126:Angiosperms
18:Tepary bean
1730:Categories
1656:Plant List
1382:Green bean
1273:Pinto bean
1074:latifolius
1047:at ufl.edu
898:2012-07-08
810:2012-07-08
776:2012-07-09
595:References
565:GO:0045786
561:GO:0048523
507:Haldiram's
356:latifolius
352:latifolius
311:Costa Rica
1741:Phaseolus
1661:ild-20284
1258:Navy bean
1200:Phaseolus
1011:234472801
985:2041-1723
573:Trehalose
391:Yori muni
360:landraces
297:than the
200:Species:
193:Phaseolus
182:Faboideae
96:Kingdom:
1700:13031477
1695:Tropicos
1609:2.134969
1596:79087660
1570:10937418
1557:513665-1
1427:Q1639734
1421:Wikidata
1268:Pea bean
1140:12020595
1107:12453724
1041:Archived
1003:33976152
941:25 March
518:Colombia
451:Tehuacán
387:Yorimuni
383:Yori mui
379:Escomite
239:Synonyms
172:Fabaceae
168:Family:
139:Eudicots
73:IUCN 3.1
1518:5350523
1474:Ecocrop
1375:Related
1076:Freeman
1061:A. Gray
1038:A. Gray
994:8113540
866:plants.
748:4253886
577:synteny
474:arroyos
401:phrase
343:-folius
307:Arizona
281:, is a
188:Genus:
162:Fabales
158:Order:
100:Plantae
71: (
1669:PLANTS
1648:867230
1635:120545
1544:122858
1492:640456
1453:128701
1450:APDB:
1138:
1105:
1009:
1001:
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983:
746:
702:
589:lectin
503:bhujia
427:tépari
404:tĘĽpawi
395:tepary
375:Tepari
337:acutus
291:Mexico
283:legume
255:A.Gray
231:A.Gray
152:Rosids
1622:33129
1583:26840
1565:IRMNG
1531:27549
1505:PHSAF
1466:4FVZP
1072:var.
1065:var.
1007:S2CID
862:(PDF)
744:JSTOR
415:tépar
333:Latin
250:var.
146:Clade
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
1682:POWO
1674:PHAC
1617:NCBI
1591:IUCN
1578:ITIS
1552:IPNI
1526:GRIN
1513:GBIF
1500:EPPO
1479:2516
1136:PMID
1103:PMID
1085:)".
999:PMID
981:ISSN
943:2015
936:.org
870:.gov
868:USDA
713:2018
700:ISBN
641:2022
624:2019
434:yori
389:and
371:Pavi
367:Pawi
289:and
1708:WFO
1487:EoL
1461:CoL
1128:doi
1095:doi
989:PMC
973:doi
934:NPR
628:doi
516:in
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