Terms for Palestinian citizens of Israel

27: 1308:"Citizenship, Identity and Political Participation: Measuring the Attitudes of the Arab Citizens in Israel, December 2017: pages 22, 25 and 28; quote (p.28): "The positions of the participants in the focus groups reflect the strength of Palestinian-Arab identity among Arab citizens and the fact that they do not see a contradiction between Palestinian-Arab national identity and Israeli civic identity. The designation "Israeli-Arab" aroused great opposition in the focus groups, as did Israel's Independence Day. A comparison of views expressed in the focus groups with the general results of the survey points to differences between collective positions and memory and individual feelings and attitudes. The collective position presented in the focus group discussions finds expression in the public sphere and emphasizes the Palestinian national identity. Conversely, the responses of the survey participants reveal individual attitudes that assign a broader (albeit secondary, identity) dimension to the component of Israeli civic identity"" 1383:

without a Palestinian component (Israeli, Arab, Arab in Israel, Israeli Arab), 47.1% (increase from 38.4%) chose Palestinian88 Still Playing by the Rules: Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2019 identities with an Israeli component (Israeli Palestinian, Palestinian in Israel, Palestinian Arab in Israel), and 14.8% (down from 21.9%) chose Palestinian identities without an Israeli component (Palestinian, Palestinian-Arab). The identity of 83.0% of the Arabs in 2019 (up from 75.5% in 2017) has an Israeli component and 61.9% (unchanged from 60.3%) has a Palestinian component. However, when these two components were presented as competitors, 69.0% of the Arabs in 2019 chose exclusive or primary Palestinian identity, compared with 29.8% who chose exclusive or primary Israeli Arab identity.

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refers to the realm of culture and ethnicity and not, clearly, politics. The official government intention was for the "Arab" to designate culture and ethnicity and the "Israeli" - to designate the political identity. ... In addition to the category of Israeli Arabs, other categories include "the minorities" and "the Arab sector," or, in certain sectors the more cryptic appellation of "our cousins." The use of these labels denies the existence of any type of political or national identification and the use of "minority" even denies them a distinct cultural identity. With the emergence of a more critical discourse ... the categorization expands to include Israeli Palestinians, Palestinians in Israel, Palestinian Arabs, Israeli Palestinian Arabs, the Palestinians of 1948, and so on.

1111:. "The issue of terminology relating to this subject is sensitive and at least partially a reflection of political preferences. Most Israeli official documents refer to the Israeli Arab community as "minorities". The Israeli National Security Council (NSC) has used the term "Arab citizens of Israel". Virtually all political parties, movements and non-governmental organisations from within the Arab community use the word "Palestinian" somewhere in their description – at times failing to make any reference to Israel. For consistency of reference and without prejudice to the position of either side, ICG will use both Arab Israeli and terms the community commonly uses to describe itself, such as Palestinian citizens of Israel or Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel." 349:

descriptor to Israeli Arab in numerous surveys over the years. In a 2017 telephone poll, 40% of Arab citizens of Israel identified as "Arab in Israel / Arab citizen of Israel", 15% identified as "Palestinian", 8.9% as "Palestinian in Israel / Palestinian citizen of Israel", and 8.7% as "Arab"; the focus groups associated with the poll provided a different outcome, in which "there was consensus that Palestinian identity occupies a central place in their consciousness". A November 2023 poll asked respondents from this demographic what the most important "component in their personal identity" was to them; 33 percent answered "Israeli citizenship", 32 percent "Arab identity", 23 percent "religious affiliation", and 8 percent "Palestinian identity".

525:, conducted in Arabic among 718 Arab adults, 47% of the Arab population chose Palestinian identities with an Israeli component ("Israeli Palestinian", "Palestinian in Israel", "Palestinian Arab in Israel"), 36% prefers Israeli Arab identities without a Palestinian component ("Israeli", "Arab", "Arab in Israel", "Israeli Arab"), and 15% chose Palestinian identities without an Israeli component ("Palestinian", "Palestinian Arab"). When these two components are presented as competitors, 69% chose exclusive or primary Palestinian identity, compared with 30% who chose exclusive or primary Israeli Arab identity. 66% of the Arab population agreed that "the identity of 'Palestinian Arab in Israel' is appropriate to most Arabs in Israel." 1474:(Haberer 1985, 145). In official and popular culture, they ceased being Palestinians and were re-created as Israeli Arabs or Arab citizens of Israel. Expressing Palestinian identity by displaying the flag, singing nationalist songs, or reciting nationalist poetry was illegal in "Israel" until only very recently. Self-identification as Palestinians, Israeli Palestinians, or Palestinian citizens of Israel has increased since 1967 and is now their preferred descriptor. It was only under the influence of the 432:, "The traditional term for this group, Arab Israelis, is increasingly controversial, but it's the one that Abbas prefers." Abbas gave an interview to Israeli media in November 2021 and said "My rights don't just come from my citizenship. My rights also come from being a member of the Palestinian people, a son of this Palestinian homeland. And whether we like it or not, the State of Israel, with its identity, was established inside the Palestinian homeland," 19: 1352:

at the end of 2019, the Druze population stood at approximately 145,000, while according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Circassian population totalled 4,000 people. Considering the number of those defined as Muslim Arabs and Christian Arabs together, the population of Palestinian citizens of Israel amounted to around 1.8 million, that is some 20% of the total population in Israel and occupied East Jerusalem.

244:. Amnesty reports that “Arab citizens of Israel” is an inclusive term used by Israel that describes a number of different and primarily Arabic-speaking groups, including Muslim Arabs, Christian Arabs, Druze and Circassians. At the end of 2019, considering the number of those defined as Muslim Arabs and Christian Arabs together, the population of Palestinian citizens of Israel amounted to around 1.8 million. 681:, occupied and administered by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967 hold Israeli ID cards, but most are non-citizen permanent residents since few accepted Israel's offer of citizenship after the war's end, refusing to recognize its sovereignty, and most maintain close ties with the West Bank. As permanent residents, they are eligible to vote in 316:" or "Arab Israelis", the development of Palestinian nationalism and identity in the 20th and 21st centuries has been met by a marked evolution in self-identification, reflecting a rising identification with Palestinian identity alongside Arab and Israeli signifiers. Many Palestinian citizens of Israel have family ties to Palestinians in the 26: 444:, "... If the past weeks provided lessons for the international community, then a main one is that they cannot continue to ignore the Palestinian citizens of Israel. Any solution should include full equality for all citizens as well as the respect and recognition of our rights as a national minority." 763:

According to the author's survey, approximately 66 percent of the sample of Palestinian Israelis identified themselves in whole or in part as Palestinian. The modal identity is "Palestinian in Israel", which rejects "Israeli" as a psychological identification, but accepts it as a descriptive label of

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The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs states that "Arab citizens of Israel" is an inclusive term that describes a number of different and primarily Arabic-speaking groups, including Muslim Arabs (this classification includes Bedouins), Christian Arabs, Druze and Circassians. According to the ICBS,

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The Palestinians were included in the first population census in 1949 and were given the right to vote and be elected in the Knesset ... This notwithstanding, Israel also subjected them to a host of dominating practices. One was a discursive move involving the state's introduction of a new label to

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The establishment-favoured "Israeli Arab" is the second-most popular response in the survey, reflecting its dominance in Israeli social discourse. About 37 percent of respondents identified themselves in some way as "Israeli", double-counting the "Israeli Palestinian" category as both "Israeli" and

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The focus groups associated with the poll provided a different outcome, in which "there was consensus that Palestinian identity occupies a central place in their consciousness". reflecting "the strength of Palestinian-Arab identity", and that they do not see a contradiction between that and Israeli

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The category of "Israeli Arab" was constructed by the Israeli authorities. As it indicates, this category assumes and constructs two levels of identity. The first is that of Arab. Local Palestinians who remained in what became Israel were designated as Arabs rather than Palestinians. This category

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There are a number of self-identification labels currently in use among Palestinian Israelis. Seven of the most commonly used were included in the 2001 survey. They range from "Israeli" and "Israeli Arab", indicating some degree of identification with Israel to "Palestinian," which rejects Israeli

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identity. The focus group revealed strong opposition to the term "Israeli-Arab" and to the concept of Israel's "Independence Day". The study concluded that the focus group findings of strong Palestinian national identity, not conflicting with Israeli civic identity, match those seen in the public

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The new idiom Israeli Arabs, while purporting to be no more than technical, bureaucratic label, evidenced a deliberate design. A clear reflection of the politics of culture via language, it intentionally misrecognized the group's affinity with and linkage to Palestine as a territorial unit, thus

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Identifying the Arab minority as Palestinian has now become common practice in academic literature. This is because most Israeli citizens of Arab origin increasingly identify themselves as Palestinian, and most Arab NGOs and political parties in Israel use the label "Palestinian" to describe the

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Arab citizens' identities are more nuanced than either "Israeli" or "Palestinian." Members of this population group describe themselves (and are described by others) with many terms. Some common terms include: Arab Israelis, Israeli Arabs, Palestinian citizens of Israel, Arab citizens of Israel,

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or the singing and reciting of nationalist songs or poetry were illegal. With the end of military administrative rule in 1966 and following the 1967 war, national consciousness and its expression among Israel's Arab citizens spread. A majority then self-identified as Palestinian, preferring this

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Arab/Palestinian citizens of Israel may refer to themselves by a wide range of terms. Each of these names, while referring to the same group of people, connotes a different balance in what is often a multilayered identity assigning varying levels of priority or emphasis to the various dimensions

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The three of the nine most attractive identities to the Arabs are: Palestinian Arabs in Israel – 27.1%, Israeli Arabs – 14.9% and Palestinian Arabs – 12.8% These three identities represent three categories: 35.9% of the Arabs in 2019 (unchanged from 31.6% in 2017) chose Israeli Arab identities

666:). With the end of military administrative rule in 1966 and following the 1967 war, national consciousness and its expression among Israel's Arab citizens spread. A majority then self-identified as Palestinian, preferring this descriptor to Israeli Arab in numerous surveys over the years. 225:

asserted in 2021 that "surveys showed" that Israeli Arabs preferred the term "Palestinian citizen of Israel" and that "for people who often feel caught between two worlds, however, the contours of what it means to be a Palestinian citizen of Israel remain a work in progress."

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Between 1948 and 1967, very few Arab citizens of Israel identified openly as "Palestinian", and an "Israeli-Arab" identity, the preferred phrase of the Israeli establishment and public, was predominant. Public expressions of Palestinian identity, such as displays of the

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Palestinians living within Israel's internationally recognized borders are often known colloquially as "the 48 Arabs," a reference to their origins. Hundreds of thousands of Arabs fled or were expelled during the 1948 war that erupted upon the creation of the state of

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Some media using the term "Palestinian citizens of Israel" or "Palestinians in Israel" have treated the terms as interchangeable with "Arab citizens of Israel" or "Israeli Arabs", and have not discussed whether Druze and Circassians are exceptions. such as the

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state and Israeli national identity incorporated Jewish symbols and referents. Government officials categorized and labeled them by religion (Muslims, Christians, Druze), region (Galilee Arab, Triangle Arab, Negev Bedouin), and family connections, or

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What are some names for Arab citizens of Israel? Palestinian citizens of Israel, Israeli Arabs, Israeli Palestinians, Arab Israelis, and Palestinian Israelis. Each of these names, while referring to the same group of people, connotes something

641:, very few citizens of Israel identified openly as "Palestinian". An "Israeli-Arab" identity, the preferred phrase of the Israeli establishment and public, was predominant. Public expressions of Palestinian identity, such as displays of the 767:"Palestinian". Although much smaller than the percentage identifying themselves as Palestinian a nevertheless considerable number include "Israeli" as part of their identity, despite the hardships placed upon them by the Israeli state. 1877:

from the Hebrew vocabulary. The term puts "Israel" in the fore, constructing it as a defining feature of "its" Arabs. The Palestinians, already uprooted in the physical sense of the word, were also transformed into a group bereft of

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2022 report "Israel's Apartheid against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime against Humanity", the organization excludes the Israeli Arab Druze and Circassians from the term Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel:

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included the Druze among the Palestinians. The Council of Foreign Relations stated:"The majority of Arab citizens are Sunni Muslims, though there are many Christians and also Druze, who more often embrace Israeli identity."

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An IDI Guttman Study of 2008 shows that most Arab citizens of Israel identify as Arabs (45%). While 24% consider themselves Palestinian, 12% consider themselves Israelis, and 19% identify themselves according to religion.

40:(a.k.a. Arab citizens of Israel et al.) is a highly politicized issue, and there is a broad range of labels that members of this community use to self-identity. Generally speaking, supporters of Israel tend to use 844:, New York Times 21 July 2012 : "Israeli Palestinians are not required to join the army, and most do not. Many feel like second-class citizens and are deeply conflicted about their place in Israeli society." 1090: 395:

According to Amnesty, the Israeli state views and treats Palestinian citizens of Israel differently from the Druze and Circassians, who must for example serve in the army while Palestinian citizens need not

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The indigenous Palestinians comprise 20 percent of the total population of Israel. While they were allowed to become citizens, they were distanced from the center of power because the Israeli state was a

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in particular is viewed as a construct of the Israeli authorities. It is nonetheless used by a significant minority of the Arab population, "reflecting its dominance in Israeli social discourse."

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Palestinians living in Israel — a population that includes Muslims, Christians and Druze — have become increasingly vocal in speaking out against what many describe as their second-class status.

79:. The tension between their Palestinian Arab national identity and their identity as citizens of Israel was famously described by an Arab public figure as: "My state is at war with my nation". 2011: 465: 373:

officially classifies the roughly 2.1 million Palestinian citizens of Israel as "Arab citizens of Israel", reflecting their attributing a racialized non-Jewish, Arab status to all of them

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12 July 2012: 'After decades of calling themselves Israeli Arabs, which in Hebrew sounds like Arabs who belong to Israel, most now prefer Palestinian citizens of Israel.'

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or the Ottoman political units which preceded it, but rather was part of Syria, and the UN still recognizes it as such, and calls it the Syrian Golan. The remaining

2001: 1972: 1720: 1412: 1033: 1013: 613:. These labels have been criticized for denying this population a political or national identification, obscuring their Palestinian identity and connection to 1335: 92:"), "national" or ethnoreligious (Palestinian, Arab, Israeli, Druze, Circassian), linguistic (Arabic-speaking), civic (feeling "Israeli" or not), etc.: 633:, all citizens were known as Palestinians, and the two primary communities were referred to by the British authorities as "Arabs" and "Jews". Between 890: 1650: 1478:, however, that many Israeli Palestinians felt secure enough to begin to refer to themselves publicly this way (as opposed to choosing the label 1749: 822: 71:

The relationship of Arab citizens to the State of Israel is often fraught with tension and can be regarded in the context of relations between

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In numerous surveys conducted over many years, the majority of Arab citizens define themselves as Palestinian rather than 'Israeli Arab.'

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altogether. A minority of Israel's Arab citizens include "Israeli" in some way in their self-identifying label; the majority identify as

1578: 1445: 123:) and other organizations use to refer to Israeli Arabs, either consistently or alternating the use of other terms for Israeli Arabs. 1852: 1820: 429: 1891: 441: 1696: 1996: 1208: 48:

to refer to this population without mentioning Palestine, while critics of Israel (or supporters of Palestinians) tend to use

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denote them: the hyphenated construct "Israeli Arabs" ('Aravim-Yisraelim) or, sometimes "Arabs of Israel" ('Arviyey-Yisrael).

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Ismael Abu-Saad (2006). "State-Controlled Education and Identity Formation Among the Palestinian Arab Minority in Israel".

1569: 894: 215: 841: 62:, most preferred to identify themselves as Palestinian citizens of Israel rather than as Israeli Arabs, as of 2012. 2006: 674:

Arabs in East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights (Syrian Golan) are special cases regarding citizenship and identity.

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Nonetheless, Israeli authorities and media refer to those who self-identify as Palestinians – as "Israeli Arabs".

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Waxman, Dov (Winter 2012). "A Dangerous Divide: The Deterioration of Jewish-Palestinian Relations in Israel".

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The Logic of Democratic Exclusion: African Americans in the United States and Palestinian citizens in Israel

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of 1981. Few have accepted full Israeli citizenship and the vast majority consider themselves citizens of

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Many identity constructs are used to refer to Palestinians in Israel; the Israeli establishment prefer

752:"Identity, Grievances, and Political Action: Recent Evidence from the Palestinian Community in Israel" 1721:"New York Times Hypocritically Bemoans Lack of Attention Israel's Arab-on-Arab Gun Violence Receives" 325: 75:

populations and state authorities elsewhere in the world. Arab citizens consider themselves to be an

1527: 689: 630: 518: 469: 300: 230: 1396: 1991: 1516: 871: 827: 696:, occupied and administered by Israel in 1967, are considered permanent residents under Israel's 634: 614: 574: 377: 205: 89: 76: 64: 58: 1673:"Long overlooked, Israel's Arab citizens are increasingly asserting their Palestinian identity" 1593:"Long overlooked, Israel's Arab citizens are increasingly asserting their Palestinian identity" 1307: 1274:"Long overlooked, Israel's Arab citizens are increasingly asserting their Palestinian identity" 1897: 1858: 1826: 1451: 1325:

Israel's Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime Against Humanity

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or the singing and reciting of nationalist songs or poetry were illegal. Ever since the 1948

1508: 863: 642: 425: 345: 1697:"We cannot continue to ignore the Palestinian citizens of Israel | Sami Abu Shehadeh" 693: 381: 221: 115: 1526:

identity of the Arab minority. My use of the term "Palestinian is in accordance with the

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Mossawa Center: The Advocacy Center for Arab Citizens of Israel (30 May – 3 June 2005).

685:'s municipal elections, although only a small percentage takes advantage of this right. 233:

poll which showed most Israelis self-identify as either Arab-Israeli or simply Israeli.

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below for more). Terms preferred by most Arab citizens to identify themselves include

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uses both 'Palestinian Israelis' and 'Israeli Arabs' to refer to the same population.

1985: 1520: 1051:"Newsflash, Media: Israel's Arab Minority Does Not 'Largely Identify as Palestinian'" 875: 533:

Common practice in contemporary academic literature is to identify this community as

421: 313: 292: 256: 166: 100: 1651:"Arabs should move past contesting Israel's Jewish identity, Ra'am chief Abbas says" 569:. There are, however, individuals from among the Arab citizenry who reject the term 522: 288:

in 1967, the vast majority of its Arab population does not have Israeli citizenship

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Second class: Discrimination against Palestinian Arab children in Israel's Schools

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also states that most members of the Israeli Arab community prefer this term. The

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Coffins on our shoulders: the experience of the Palestinian citizens of Israel

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is "an outspoken advocate of Palestinian identity". He says, referring to the

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The question of Palestinian identity extends to representation in the Israeli

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identification and wholeheartedly identifies with the Palestinian people. ...

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Similar terms that Israeli Arabs, media and other organizations may use are

1802:"Still Playing by the Rules: Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2019" 1248:"Exploring the Topics of Arab Citizens and Jewish-Arab Relations in Israel" 1917: 1806:

Still Playing by the Rules: Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2019

389: 120: 1825:(Illustrated, reprint ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 171. 417: 337: 1140:(Illustrated ed.). John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 1. 1470: 919:. The Konrad Adenauer Program for Jewish-Arab Cooperation. p. 7. 329: 209:, as of 2012, most Israeli Arabs preferred to identify themselves as 1801: 1736:

the Arab minority in Israel, which largely identifies as Palestinian

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Two appellations, among others listed above, are not applied to the

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The term "Arab citizens of Israel" includes Muslim Arabs including

1450:(Illustrated ed.). University of Michigan Press. p. 13. 1397:

Poll: Most Israelis see themselves as Jewish first, Israeli second

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Politics and sociolinguistic reflexes: Palestinian border villages

701: 646: 333: 296: 252: 162: 25: 17: 914:"The Arabs in Israel – Two Years after The Or Commission Report" 982:"Palestinian citizens of Israel struggle to tell their stories" 476:

National identity with Israeli civil component 49.7%, of which

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There are at least two terms which specifically exclude the

1776:"Survey: 60% of Arab Israelis have positive view of state" 1544:"Survey: 60% of Arab Israelis have positive view of state" 312:

While known officially by the Israeli government only as "

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The Arab minority in Israel, 1967–1991: political aspects

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Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies

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Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies

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Professor (Emeritus) Shimon Shamir (19 September 2005).

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conducted a telephone poll, in which the results were:

169:, as these territories were occupied by Israel in 1967: 1918:"Surge in East Jerusalem Palestinians losing residency" 1172:. Nowadays the widespread terms among Palestinians are 1447:

The limits of coexistence: identity politics in Israel

1750:"Service to Israel Tugs at Identity of Arab Citizens" 103:

prefer to refer to themselves, and which some media (

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have been colloquially known as "48 Arabs" (Arabic:

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High Follow-Up Committee for Arab Citizens of Israel

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Service to Israel Tugs at Identity of Arab Citizens

1695: 1671: 649:, the Palestinians that have remained within the 1846: 1844: 1842: 1530:of the majority of the Arab community in Israel. 1439: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1091:"Identity Crisis: Israel and its Arab Citizens" 670:Special cases: East Jerusalem and Golan Heights 1632:"The Arab-Israeli Power Broker in the Knesset" 464:'s Program for Jewish-Arab Cooperation at the 537:as it is how the majority self-identify (See 229:However, these findings conflict with a 2017 8: 2012:Politics of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1494: 1492: 1490: 1851:Rabinowitz, Dan; Abu Baker, Khawla (2005). 1302: 1300: 1298: 1296: 1294: 1024: 1022: 795:Israel's Palestinians: The Conflict Within 745: 743: 741: 739: 1242: 1240: 1238: 1236: 1234: 1049:Koningsveld, Akiva Van (6 October 2021). 1044: 1042: 934: 932: 930: 928: 926: 56:without referencing Israel. According to 1370:Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 1129: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1117: 1004: 1002: 629:Between 1920 and 1948, in what was then 38:terms for Palestinian citizens of Israel 1971:was invoked but never defined (see the 1482:only in anonymous surveys on identity). 1411:was invoked but never defined (see the 1032:was invoked but never defined (see the 1012:was invoked but never defined (see the 975: 973: 971: 969: 967: 787: 785: 783: 781: 779: 777: 775: 713: 487:Pure national identity 24.1%, of which 1202: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1085: 1083: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1071: 756:International Political Science Review 2002:Israeli people of Palestinian descent 1873:facilitating the erasure of the term 1719:O'Donoghue, Rachel (4 October 2021). 1666: 1664: 721: 719: 717: 694:Druze population of the Golan Heights 7: 1896:. Taylor & Francis. p. 56. 1568:Rudnitzky, Arik (December 3, 2023). 1341:from the original on 1 February 2022 479:Palestinian (citizen) of Israel 8.9% 1966: 1893:Arab Minority Nationalism in Israel 1774:Lynfield, Ben (27 September 2017). 1542:Lynfield, Ben (27 September 2017). 1406: 1213:. Lexington Books. pp. 67–68. 1027: 1007: 654: 563:Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel 420:. Journalist Ruth Margalit says of 371:Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs 295:, that area was originally part of 268: 182: 88:which may be historic-geographic (" 1857:. University of California Press. 1097:(25). 4 March 2004. Archived from 688:The Golan Heights was not part of 589:The Israeli establishment prefers 213:rather than as Israeli Arabs. 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(2000). 842:'Israel's Embattled Democracy' 577:by nationality and Israeli by 567:Palestinian citizens of Israel 517:According to a 2019 survey by 482:Arab (citizen) of Israel 40.8% 211:Palestinian citizens of Israel 97:Palestinian citizens of Israel 1: 1591:Witte, Griff (11 June 2021). 1272:Witte, Griff (11 June 2021). 940:"FAQ:Arab citizens of Israel" 895:UN Commission on Human Rights 856:American Behavioral Scientist 498:Civil identity: Israeli 11.4% 280:). These terms clarify that 1372:. University of Haifa: 87–88 1366:"Still Playing by the Rules" 442:2021 Israel–Palestine crisis 291:Although Israel annexed the 216:Council on Foreign Relations 1260:48ers, Palestinian Israelis 1170:Arabs inside the Green Line 1166:Palestinian Arabs in Israel 764:geographical location. ... 726:Human Rights Watch (2001). 663:ʿArab Thamāniya wa-ʾArbaʿīn 662: 388:, whose origins are in the 276: 238:Palestinian Arabs in Israel 190: 129:Palestinian Arabs in Israel 2028: 1160:. Others refer to them as 986:Columbia Journalism Review 597:, and also uses the terms 462:Konrad Adenauer Foundation 1890:Amal Jamal (2011-03-17). 353:Druze and Circassians as 242:Israeli Palestinian Arabs 141:Israeli Palestinian Arabs 1819:Jacob M. Landau (1993). 1207:Rebecca B. Kook (2002). 1178:the Palestinians of 1948 868:10.1177/0002764205284720 750:Sherry Lowrance (2006). 555:the Palestinians of 1948 284:Although Israel annexed 251:Arab population and the 1255:Israeli Arab Task Force 1134:Muhammad Amara (1999). 611:Arab citizens of Israel 504:Other / Don't know 5.3% 501:Religious identity 9.5% 384:, and even the 4–5,000 255:and other Arabs in the 161:Arab population or the 147:Arab citizens of Israel 101:Arab citizens of Israel 22:Arab citizens of Israel 1997:Demographics of Israel 1364:Smooha, Sammy (2019). 1174:Palestinians in Israel 651:1949 Armistice borders 625:Historical development 547:Palestinians in Israel 392:but are mostly Muslim. 135:Palestinians in Israel 33: 23: 1655:www.timesofisrael.com 1332:Amnesty International 901:on 26 September 2007. 585:Israeli establishment 362:Amnesty International 29: 21: 1162:Israeli Palestinians 551:Israeli Palestinians 326:Palestinian refugees 144:Israeli Palestinians 132:Palestinian Israelis 99:is a term that most 1528:self-identification 1501:Middle East Journal 690:Mandatory Palestine 631:Mandatory Palestine 539:Self-Identification 519:University of Haifa 470:Tel Aviv University 430:governing coalition 301:Mandatory Palestine 231:Tel Aviv University 199:Self-identification 1944:"The Syrian Golan" 1754:The New York Times 1638:. 22 October 2021. 1548:The Jerusalem Post 1095:Middle East Report 828:The New York Times 758:. 27, 2: 167–190. 428:, a member of the 206:The New York Times 90:Palestine (region) 65:The New York Times 59:The New York Times 34: 24: 2007:Society of Israel 1924:. 2 December 2009 1903:978-1-136-82412-8 1864:978-0-520-24557-0 1832:978-0-19-827712-5 1649:Boxerman, Aaron. 1457:978-0-472-11124-4 1409:TuckerRoberts2008 1220:978-0-7391-0442-2 1147:978-90-272-4128-3 805:978-0-521-15702-5 698:Golan Heights Law 660: 559:Palestinian Arabs 529:Academic practice 490:Palestinian 15.4% 434:Sami Abu Shehadeh 274: 188: 126:Palestinian Arabs 77:indigenous people 2019: 1976: 1970: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1940: 1934: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1914: 1908: 1907: 1887: 1881: 1880: 1848: 1837: 1836: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1733: 1731: 1716: 1710: 1709: 1699: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1676:. 11 June 2021. 1675: 1668: 1659: 1658: 1646: 1640: 1639: 1628: 1622: 1617: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1588: 1582: 1577: 1565: 1559: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1496: 1485: 1484: 1441: 1416: 1410: 1405: 1399: 1392: 1386: 1385: 1379: 1377: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1348: 1346: 1340: 1334:. January 2022. 1329: 1321: 1315: 1314: 1312: 1304: 1289: 1288: 1286: 1284: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1252: 1244: 1229: 1228: 1204: 1183: 1182: 1131: 1112: 1110: 1108: 1106: 1101:on 13 March 2011 1087: 1066: 1065: 1063: 1061: 1046: 1037: 1031: 1026: 1017: 1011: 1006: 997: 996: 994: 992: 980:Berger, Miriam. 977: 962: 961: 955: 953: 944: 936: 921: 920: 918: 909: 903: 902: 897:. Archived from 886: 880: 879: 862:(8): 1085–1100. 851: 845: 838: 832: 819: 813: 812: 789: 770: 769: 747: 734: 733: 723: 677:Arabs living in 665: 659:romanized: 658: 656: 643:Palestinian flag 426:United Arab List 346:Palestinian flag 279: 273:romanized: 272: 270: 265:the Arabs within 193: 187:romanized: 186: 184: 179:the Arabs within 153:48ers, '48 Arabs 54:Palestinian Arab 2027: 2026: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2018: 2017: 2016: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1979: 1968: 1962: 1952: 1950: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1925: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1904: 1889: 1888: 1884: 1871: 1865: 1850: 1849: 1840: 1833: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1784: 1782: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1758: 1756: 1747: 1746: 1742: 1729: 1727: 1725:HonestReporting 1718: 1717: 1713: 1704:. 2 June 2021. 1702:The Independent 1694: 1693: 1689: 1670: 1669: 1662: 1648: 1647: 1643: 1630: 1629: 1625: 1618: 1614: 1601: 1599: 1597:Washington Post 1590: 1589: 1585: 1567: 1566: 1562: 1552: 1550: 1541: 1540: 1536: 1513:10.3751/66.1.11 1498: 1497: 1488: 1458: 1443: 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1687: 1660: 1641: 1636:The New Yorker 1623: 1612: 1583: 1560: 1534: 1486: 1456: 1417: 1400: 1387: 1356: 1316: 1290: 1264: 1230: 1219: 1184: 1146: 1113: 1067: 1038: 1018: 998: 963: 922: 904: 881: 846: 833: 821:Jodi Rudoren, 814: 804: 771: 735: 712: 711: 709: 706: 679:East Jerusalem 671: 668: 626: 623: 599:the minorities 586: 583: 530: 527: 506: 505: 502: 499: 496: 495: 494: 491: 485: 484: 483: 480: 457: 454: 450:New York Times 413: 410: 401: 400: 397: 393: 374: 357: 351: 324:as well as to 309: 308:As Palestinian 306: 305: 304: 289: 286:East Jerusalem 249:East Jerusalem 200: 197: 196: 195: 176: 159:East Jerusalem 155: 154: 151: 148: 145: 142: 139: 136: 133: 130: 127: 124: 110:New York Times 84: 81: 36:The choice of 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2024: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1974: 1964: 1961: 1949: 1945: 1939: 1936: 1923: 1919: 1913: 1910: 1905: 1899: 1895: 1894: 1886: 1883: 1879: 1876: 1866: 1860: 1856: 1855: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1828: 1824: 1823: 1815: 1812: 1807: 1803: 1796: 1793: 1781: 1777: 1770: 1767: 1755: 1751: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1726: 1722: 1715: 1712: 1707: 1703: 1698: 1691: 1688: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1645: 1642: 1637: 1633: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1598: 1594: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1579:(Full report) 1575: 1571: 1564: 1561: 1549: 1545: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1529: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1495: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1466: 1459: 1453: 1449: 1448: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1391: 1388: 1384: 1371: 1367: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1337: 1333: 1326: 1320: 1317: 1309: 1303: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1279: 1275: 1268: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1249: 1243: 1241: 1239: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1222: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1154:Israeli Arabs 1149: 1143: 1139: 1138: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1086: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1056: 1052: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1005: 1003: 999: 987: 983: 976: 974: 972: 970: 968: 964: 960: 948: 941: 935: 933: 931: 929: 927: 923: 915: 908: 905: 900: 896: 892: 885: 882: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 850: 847: 843: 837: 834: 830: 829: 824: 818: 815: 811: 807: 801: 797: 796: 788: 786: 784: 782: 780: 778: 776: 772: 768: 757: 753: 746: 744: 742: 740: 736: 731: 730: 722: 720: 718: 714: 707: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 686: 684: 680: 675: 669: 667: 664: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 624: 622: 620: 619:Israeli Arabs 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 591:Israeli Arabs 584: 582: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 528: 526: 524: 520: 515: 512: 503: 500: 497: 492: 489: 488: 486: 481: 478: 477: 475: 474: 473: 471: 467: 463: 455: 453: 451: 445: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 422:Mansour Abbas 419: 411: 409: 406: 398: 394: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 372: 368: 367: 366: 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