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bacterium were returned to Earth aboard a spacecraft, it could be compared to the index and ruled out as something that may have been originally launched with the spacecraft. Additionally, by examining the characteristics of resistant microbes such as
221:
are only known to exist at two locations on Earth, and were independently found in geographically separated clean room facilities nearly 4,000 km (2,500 mi) apart. One example was located during a 2007 microbial test swabbing of the
259:, suggests that this species may exist naturally outside of the clean room environment but has not been seen before due to the difficulty in isolating a single microbe type among the wide variety of different types found in nature.
368:(IISE) declared the bacterium as one of its "Top 10 New Species of 2014", selected from species discovered in 2013, due to the unusual location of its discovery and resistance to sterilization.
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Vaishampayan, Parag; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine; Pukall, Rüdiger; Schumann, Peter; Spröer, Cathrin; et al. (July 2013). "Description of
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measures used in spacecraft clean rooms, scientists study them and index their genetic material so that if a potential
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Vaishampayan, Parag; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri; Schwendner, Petra; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine (June 1, 2012).
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of other celestial bodies by organisms aboard visiting spacecraft, which may have already occurred with the
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741:. Top 10 New Species of 2014. State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry.
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and is resistant to the methods normally used to clean such facilities. The species name is derived from
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584:"Hardy Bacterium Isolated From Two Geographically Distinct Spacecraft Assembly Cleanroom Facilities"
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species is not present. They are able to survive in environments with few nutrients.
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throughout their growth; the rod–coccus life cycle typically observed in nearly all
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gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from spacecraft assembly clean room environments".
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International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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clean room floor in the
Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at
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671:"NASA's Mars Rover Curiosity Had Planetary Protection Slipup"
645:"New species of microbe thrives in spacecraft clean rooms"
508:
List of
Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
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425:"Rare New Microbe Found in Two Distant Clean Rooms"
240:, United States), while the other was found in the
783:"Tinkerbell and cuddly bears top new species list"
609:"New life found in Nasa's spacecraft clean rooms"
255:Parag Vaishampayan, a microbiologist with NASA's
308:are known to exist, one at each discovery site:
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189:spacecraft assembly clean room facilities
696:"Microbial stowaways to Mars identified"
1441:
400:
739:"Clean Room Microbes: Alien Invaders?"
694:Madhusoodanan, Jyoti (May 19, 2014).
7:
1419:
183:is a member of the bacterial family
669:David, Leonard (December 1, 2011).
643:Kooser, Amanda (November 7, 2013).
795:from the original on May 25, 2014.
745:from the original on May 24, 2014.
683:from the original on May 30, 2014.
617:. November 7, 2013. Archived from
14:
756:Frazer, Jennifer (May 22, 2014).
423:Webster, Guy (November 6, 2013).
1444:
1418:
1409:
1408:
328:are hardy enough to survive the
316:at the French Guianan facility.
187:. It has only been found in two
49:
1107:Bacterial cellular morphologies
781:Ahlstrom, Dick (May 22, 2014).
283:. They are roughly spherical (
1:
312:at the American facility and
758:"Top 10 New Species of 2014"
390:Interplanetary contamination
1629:
1603:Bacteria described in 2013
1350:Bacteria (classifications)
1072:Primary nutritional groups
242:Herschel Space Observatory
1404:
710:10.1038/nature.2014.15249
343:prevent the contamination
257:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
167:
160:
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134:
46:Scientific classification
44:
39:
30:
23:
1226:Bacterial outer membrane
560:. Leibniz Institut DSMZ
535:. Leibniz Institut DSMZ
267:These bacteria are non-
199:, Greek for berry; and
1221:Gram-negative bacteria
1200:Gram-positive bacteria
477:10.1099/ijs.0.047134-0
1554:tersicoccus-phoenicis
1501:Tersicoccus phoenicis
1471:Tersicoccus phoenicis
1076:Substrate preference
502:Tersicoccus phoenicis
498:Euzéby JP, Parte AC.
461:Tersicoccus phoenicis
364:On May 23, 2014, the
324:Because species like
219:Tersicoccus phoenicis
180:Tersicoccus phoenicis
145:Tersicoccus phoenicis
25:Tersicoccus phoenicis
1057:Microbial metabolism
621:on November 10, 2013
558:"Details: DSM-30842"
533:"Details: DSM-30849"
234:Kennedy Space Center
16:Species of bacterium
1307:Non-motile bacteria
903:Pathogenic bacteria
763:National Geographic
676:Scientific American
614:The Daily Telegraph
471:(Pt 7): 2463–2471.
246:Guiana Space Centre
195:, Latin for clean;
1236:Lipopolysaccharide
252:, French Guiana).
40:Microscopic image
1590:
1589:
1575:Open Tree of Life
1463:Taxon identifiers
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1431:
1331:
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1277:Bacterial capsule
1243:Periplasmic space
1210:Lipoteichoic acid
1095:
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1067:Microbial ecology
1062:Nitrogen fixation
379:Bacillus safensis
244:'s clean room at
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127:T. phoenicis
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1005:Human microbiome
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770:on May 25, 2014.
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1355:Bacterial phyla
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172:NRRL B-59547
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151:Vaishampayan
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136:Binomial name
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93:Micrococcales
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1394:Mendosicutes
1379:Gracilicutes
1359:
1259:Mycolic acid
1249:Mycobacteria
1247:
1219:
1198:
1134:Coccobacilli
1034:in pregnancy
1000:Extremophile
984:Aerotolerant
918:Biochemistry
880:microbiology
866:Microbiology
828:
821:T. phoenicis
820:
810:T. phoenicis
809:
786:
776:
768:the original
761:
751:
733:
721:. Retrieved
699:
689:
674:
664:
654:November 10,
652:. Retrieved
648:
625:November 10,
623:. Retrieved
619:the original
612:
603:
593:November 10,
591:. Retrieved
587:
564:November 10,
562:. Retrieved
539:November 10,
537:. Retrieved
512:. Retrieved
501:
493:
468:
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460:
435:. Retrieved
428:
385:Extremophile
377:
363:
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339:T. phoenicis
338:
326:T. phoenicis
325:
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320:Significance
313:
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306:T. phoenicis
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294:Arthrobacter
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1495:Wikispecies
1282:Slime layer
962:Facultative
950:Facultative
823:type strain
437:November 6,
360:Recognition
162:Type strain
114:Tersicoccus
1597:Categories
1389:Mollicutes
1384:Firmicutes
1374:Prokaryota
1292:Glycocalyx
1117:plasticity
1080:Lipophilic
933:preference
908:Resistance
396:References
289:morphology
277:non-motile
271:-forming,
214:Occurrence
1486:Q15139876
1342:evolution
1316:Composite
1215:Endospore
1173:Cell wall
1149:Structure
1040:Placental
979:Nanaerobe
957:Anaerobic
888:Infection
348:Curiosity
201:phoenicis
170:DSM 30849
121:Species:
1528:39821904
1480:Wikidata
1414:Category
1337:Taxonomy
1270:envelope
1160:envelope
1050:Salivary
967:Obligate
945:Obligate
893:Exotoxin
870:Bacteria
793:Archived
743:Archived
718:87409424
681:Archived
649:CNET.com
514:June 16,
485:23223813
372:See also
99:Family:
69:Phylum:
63:Bacteria
59:Domain:
1541:7395008
1510:BacDive
1451:Biology
1424:Commons
1323:Biofilm
1302:Fimbria
1287:S-layer
1268:Outside
1129:Bacilli
1045:Uterine
1030:Vaginal
940:Aerobic
923:ecology
878:Medical
813:at the
723:May 23,
314:KO_PS43
302:strains
273:aerobic
238:Florida
225:Phoenix
206:Phoenix
109:Genus:
89:Order:
79:Class:
1580:281621
1567:554083
1437:Portal
1369:Monera
1139:Spiral
931:Oxygen
716:
701:Nature
510:(LPSN)
483:
310:1P05MA
285:coccus
279:, and
250:Kourou
230:'s
227:lander
208:lander
197:coccus
168:1P05MA
155:. 2013
1515:23112
1297:Pilus
1251:only:
1231:Porin
1223:only:
1202:only:
1124:Cocci
1100:Shape
1020:Mouth
993:Other
714:S2CID
350:rover
269:spore
193:tersi
153:et al
1562:NCBI
1549:LPSN
1536:GBIF
1340:and
1158:Cell
1025:Skin
1015:Lung
921:and
829:Dive
725:2014
656:2013
627:2013
595:2013
566:2013
541:2013
516:2022
481:PMID
439:2013
432:.gov
430:NASA
354:Mars
300:Two
1523:EoL
1192:DAP
1187:NAG
1182:NAM
1010:Gut
827:Bac
825:at
706:doi
473:doi
352:on
304:of
1599::
1577::
1564::
1551::
1538::
1525::
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1497::
1482::
1362::
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785:.
760:.
712:.
704:.
698:.
679:.
673:.
647:.
635:^
611:.
586:.
574:^
549:^
524:^
506:.
479:.
469:63
467:.
447:^
427:.
403:^
356:.
275:,
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1036:)
1032:(
858:e
851:t
844:v
727:.
708::
658:.
629:.
597:.
568:.
543:.
518:.
504:"
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487:.
475::
441:.
248:(
236:(
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