34:
321:
213:
547:
552:
946:-induced carcinogenesis (by depression of metabolic activation) for TBHQ and other phenolic antioxidants (TBHQ was one of several, and not the most potent). The EFSA considers TBHQ to be noncarcinogenic. A 1986 review of scientific literature concerning the toxicity of TBHQ determined that a wide margin of safety exists between the levels of intake by humans and the doses that produce adverse effects in animal studies.
938:(FDA) have evaluated TBHQ and determined that it is safe to consume at the concentration allowed in foods. The FDA and European Union both set an upper limit of 0.02% (200mg/kg) of the oil or fat content in foods. At very high doses, it has some negative health effects on lab animals, such as producing precursors to stomach tumors and damage to DNA.
778:
1131:
Hirose, Masao; Yada, Hideaki; Hakoi, Kazuo; Takahashi, Satoru; Ito, Nobuyuki; et al. (1993). "Modification of carcinogenesis by -tocopherol, t-butylhydro-quinone, propyl gallate and butylated hydroxytoluene in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model".
560:
527:
941:
A number of studies have shown that prolonged exposure to very high doses of TBHQ may be carcinogenic, especially for stomach tumors. Other studies, however, have shown opposite effects including inhibition against
868:
and many edible animal fats. It does not cause discoloration even in the presence of iron, and does not change flavor or odor of the material to which it is added. It can be combined with other preservatives such as
1049:"Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to tertiary-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)"
1173:
Hirose M, Takahashi S, Ogawa K, Futakuchi M, Shirai T, Shibutani M, Uneyama C, Toyoda K, Iwata H (1999). "Chemoprevention of heterocyclic amine-induced carcinogenesis by phenolic compounds in rats".
658:
791:
1324:
O'Donoghue, J.L. (ed.). Neurotoxicity of
Industrial and Commercial Chemicals. Volume I. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1985., p. 129 – HSDB cites this source.
370:
935:
987:
Almeida, Eduardo S.; Portela, Flaysner M.; Sousa, Raquel M.F.; Daniel, Daniela; Terrones, Manuel G.H.; Richter, Eduardo M.; Muñoz, Rodrigo A.A. (2011).
33:
654:
1245:
Naidenko, Olga V.; Andrews, David Q.; Temkin, Alexis M.; Stoiber, Tasha; Uche, Uloma Igara; Evans, Sydney; Perrone-Gray, Sean (2021-03-24).
1247:"Investigating Molecular Mechanisms of Immunotoxicity and the Utility of ToxCast for Immunotoxicity Screening of Chemicals Added to Food"
1031:
335:
1027:
646:
1052:
931:
508:
733:
1367:
642:
798:
1210:
612:
278:
682:
551:
1372:
634:
299:
702:
546:
1352:
989:"Behaviour of the antioxidant tert-butylhydroquinone on the storage stability and corrosive character of biodiesel"
484:
110:
950:
220:
1134:
870:
750:
686:
678:
1347:
1307:
1143:
662:
208:
1357:
1342:
897:
150:
1362:
574:
539:
1000:
755:
46:
1088:
Gharavi N, El-Kadi A (2005). "tert-Butylhydroquinone is a novel aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand".
943:
626:
316:
76:
1113:
618:
630:
1286:
1268:
1227:
1190:
1155:
1105:
727:
1064:
1276:
1258:
1219:
1182:
1147:
1097:
1075:
1008:
901:
893:
In perfumery, it is used as a fixative to lower the evaporation rate and improve stability.
828:
473:
393:
885:. It is added to a wide range of foods. Its primary advantage is extending storage life.
666:
287:
170:
670:
650:
86:
1004:
956:
There have been reports of vision disturbances in individuals exposed to this chemical.
694:
320:
212:
130:
1281:
1246:
769:
1186:
1336:
1223:
874:
865:
462:
452:
201:
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1117:
861:
836:
622:
592:
1048:
267:
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421:
161:
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596:
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1231:
1159:
604:
878:
825:
246:
238:
181:
190:
915:
911:
832:
442:
254:
221:
588:
141:
1078:- safety summary from The International Programme on Chemical Safety
768:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
580:
1308:"T-BUTYLHYDROQUINONE - National Library of Medicine HSDB Database"
1208:
Vanesch, G (1986). "Toxicology of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)".
919:
844:
121:
109:
99:
1251:
International
Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
698:
344:
InChI=1S/C10H14O2/c1-10(2,3)8-6-7(11)4-5-9(8)12/h4-6,11-12H,1-3H3
706:
354:
InChI=1/C10H14O2/c1-10(2,3)8-6-7(11)4-5-9(8)12/h4-6,11-12H,1-3H3
17:
674:
304:
457:
127 to 129 °C (261 to 264 °F; 400 to 402 K)
975:
Fats and oils: formulating and processing for applications
786:
239:
266:
85:
8:
907:It is used as an antioxidant in biodiesel.
936:United States Food and Drug Administration
319:
211:
169:
22:
1280:
1262:
1012:
953:as having potential immunotoxic effects.
949:In addition, TBHQ has been identified by
286:
970:
968:
964:
375:
340:
315:
189:
1044:
1042:
1040:
722:171 °C (340 °F; 444 K)
467:273 °C (523 °F; 546 K)
202:
347:Key: BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
149:
129:
7:
357:Key: BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYAP
257:
14:
1032:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
900:to inhibit autopolymerization of
776:
550:
545:
405:
32:
772:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1053:European Food Safety Authority
977:, Richard D. O'Brien, page 168
932:European Food Safety Authority
509:Occupational safety and health
411:
399:
1:
1187:10.1016/S0304-3835(99)00120-2
896:It is used industrially as a
1224:10.1016/0278-6915(86)90289-9
1211:Food and Chemical Toxicology
860:In foods, TBHQ is used as a
1028:"Food Additive Status List"
922:, and oil-field additives.
1389:
1034:. Retrieved June 11, 2016.
1014:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.06.056
822:tertiary butylhydroquinone
15:
1152:10.1093/carcin/14.11.2359
951:high-throughput screening
766:
739:
526:
506:
501:
386:
366:
331:
69:
61:
45:
40:
31:
871:butylated hydroxyanisole
835:. It is a derivative of
751:Butylated hydroxyanisole
613:Precautionary statements
16:Not to be confused with
1144:Oxford University Press
1264:10.3390/ijerph18073332
1102:10.1124/dmd.104.002253
1076:Tert-Butylhydroquinone
55:-Butylbenzene-1,4-diol
926:Safety and regulation
839:, substituted with a
1368:Tert-butyl compounds
910:It is also added to
378:Oc1ccc(O)cc1C(C)(C)C
47:Preferred IUPAC name
1065:21 C.F.R. § 172.185
1005:2011Fuel...90.3480A
831:which is a type of
474:Solubility in water
429: g·mol
247:(antioxidants, ...)
28:
27:-Butylhydroquinone
1373:E-number additives
1312:toxnet.nlm.nih.gov
814:-Butylhydroquinone
799:Infobox references
740:Related compounds
23:
1353:Food antioxidants
1218:(10–11): 1063–5.
1090:Drug Metab Dispos
999:(11): 3480–3484.
902:organic peroxides
856:Food preservative
824:) is a synthetic
807:Chemical compound
805:
804:
746:Related compounds
728:Safety data sheet
575:Hazard statements
479:Slightly soluble
300:CompTox Dashboard
111:Interactive image
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1016:
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864:for unsaturated
829:organic compound
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934:(EFSA) and the
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794: ?)
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1348:Food additives
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1296:
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1135:Carcinogenesis
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1057:
1055:, 12 July 2004
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866:vegetable oils
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854:
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770:standard state
767:
764:
763:
760:-Butylcatechol
748:
745:
742:
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724:
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659:P305+P351+P338
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1358:Preservatives
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1354:
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1349:
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1344:
1343:Hydroquinones
1341:
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1146:: 2359–2364.
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1096:(3): 365–72.
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879:E number
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875:food additive
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734:External MSDS
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463:Boiling point
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317:DTXSID6020220
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203:ECHA InfoCard
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1363:Alkylphenols
1315:. Retrieved
1311:
1299:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1181:(2): 173–8.
1178:
1174:
1168:
1139:
1133:
1126:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1071:
1060:
1023:
996:
992:
982:
974:
955:
948:
940:
929:
909:
906:
895:
892:
882:
873:(BHA). As a
862:preservative
859:
851:Applications
840:
837:hydroquinone
821:
817:
811:
810:
809:
757:
566:
528:
518:Main hazards
507:
488:
151:ChEMBL242080
70:Identifiers
62:Other names
52:
24:
1257:(7): 3332.
1175:Cancer Lett
718:Flash point
561:Signal word
512:(OHS/OSH):
497:10.80±0.18
447:1.050 g/mL
437:Tan powder
434:Appearance
387:Properties
209:100.016.139
131:CHEBI:78886
1337:Categories
1317:2019-11-21
960:References
898:stabilizer
540:Pictograms
422:Molar mass
288:C12674942B
162:ChemSpider
98:3D model (
77:CAS Number
1273:1660-4601
912:varnishes
703:P403+P233
687:P337+P313
683:P333+P313
679:P332+P313
655:P304+P340
651:P302+P352
647:P301+P312
531:labelling
230:217-752-2
222:EC Number
87:1948-33-0
1291:33804855
1195:10503899
1110:15608132
916:lacquers
826:aromatic
522:Harmful
502:Hazards
240:E number
182:DrugBank
1282:8036665
1232:3542758
1160:8242867
1118:5963778
1001:Bibcode
847:group.
792:what is
790: (
567:Warning
485:Acidity
443:Density
427:166.220
255:PubChem
191:DB07726
64:TBHQ(i)
1289:
1279:
1271:
1230:
1193:
1158:
1116:
1108:
920:resins
877:, its
833:phenol
787:verify
784:
762:(TBC)
730:(SDS)
371:SMILES
142:ChEMBL
41:Names
1142:(1).
1114:S2CID
889:Other
845:butyl
753:(BHA)
336:InChI
268:16043
245:E319
171:15235
122:ChEBI
100:JSmol
1287:PMID
1269:ISSN
1228:PMID
1191:PMID
1156:PMID
1106:PMID
993:Fuel
930:The
883:E319
841:tert
818:TBHQ
812:tert
758:tert
711:P501
707:P405
699:P391
695:P363
691:P362
675:P330
671:P322
667:P321
663:P312
643:P280
639:P273
635:P272
631:P271
627:P270
623:P264
619:P261
605:H400
601:H335
597:H319
593:H317
589:H315
585:H312
581:H302
279:UNII
53:tert
25:tert
18:tbqh
1277:PMC
1259:doi
1220:doi
1183:doi
1179:143
1148:doi
1098:doi
1009:doi
944:HCA
881:is
529:GHS
305:EPA
258:CID
1339::
1310:.
1285:.
1275:.
1267:.
1255:18
1253:.
1249:.
1226:.
1216:24
1214:.
1189:.
1177:.
1154:.
1140:14
1138:.
1112:.
1104:.
1094:33
1092:.
1051:.
1039:^
1030:.
1007:.
997:90
995:.
991:.
967:^
918:,
914:,
904:.
820:,
756:4-
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701:,
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693:,
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1120:.
1100::
1017:.
1011::
1003::
843:-
816:(
782:N
492:a
489:K
415:2
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406:H
400:C
307:)
303:(
102:)
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
