1220:
618:
1180:
30:
1520:
1515:
785:, investigated in 1995. He found a few items, but not nearly enough to have been the Invincible. He also found that the sea bottom was hard clay below four layers of silt. The clay would have prevented the wreck from sinking into the sea bed, so he speculated that subsequent hurricanes scattered the ships remains far and wide, burying them in sand.
898:
502:
for violating the laws of the
Republic of Texas and of nations, by carrying contraband and spies to Santa Anna. After the courts released his men, Brown surrendered and also was released. However, the government of Texas agreed to settle with the United States for
569:
settled the debt to release the ship from impoundment. Pursued by a ship sent to arrest the crew for violating the neutrality laws of the United States, she fled back to
Galveston, arriving on March 14, 1837.
494:
on May 1 and took her to New
Orleans, along with 46 of her crew. Brown escaped capture. The crew was soon released when insufficient testimony was offered to counter the defense's claim that
345:, two 9-pounders and four 6-pounders. The costs were borne by General Thomas J. Green, Texas general agent William Bryan, and purchasing agent Edward Hall. By the time the 70-crew
247:(1836-1837). She began her service in January 1836 and immediately began attacking ships supplying the Mexican army in Texas, including capturing the United States merchant vessel
431:'s army in Texas. It also carried important evidence of Santa Anna's plans to seize the ports of Texas and station men on the strategically important and heavily populated
674:
On May 23, 1838, President
Houston agreed to pay the officers and crew one half of the value of the prizes they had obtained, albeit illegally, on their last cruise.
590:, set off for Mexico. The ships captured several pirogues and burned eight or nine Mexican towns before capturing several vessels. One of these was the merchantman
598:
was quickly released, but the
British government later demanded, and received, about $ 4,000.00 compensation for the detainment. Because of such acts and because
308:, the provisional government of Texas in the 1830s became acutely aware of the need for a navy. On the day that Texas acquired the first ship to the purpose,
1554:
219:
334:, who had purchased her for $ 12,013.02 and were asking a 12.5% commission. She was approved and purchased three days thereafter, on January 8, 1836.
1549:
1328:
1574:
1020:
889:
778:
1559:
1113:
565:
arrived in New York city for repairs and might have remained there due to lack of funds to pay for the services. However, Texas benefactor
810:, of 124 tons (bm), had been built at "Chlstn" in 1835. It gave the name of her master and owner as J. Russell, and her homeport as
195:
1544:
614:, who had abandoned his position to join the ships. Thompson would die on November 1, 1837, before he could be brought to trial.
1056:
212:
1394:
428:
1321:
81:
1364:
1219:
1153:
162:
947:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1337:
1248:
1241:
1234:
191:
1564:
1207:
205:
1414:
1314:
1106:
1167:
671:
was dashed to pieces during the night. The First Texas Navy had lost its two final ships and was no more.
524:
310:
174:
1255:
1146:
607:
460:
156:
277:
for violating the neutrality of the United States. She served until she was run aground and wrecked at
1041:
1569:
1028:
611:
378:, the 20-gun man-of-war was near the mouth of the Rio Grande awaiting a refit for a lost rudder when
367:
Captain Brown had been given a specific initial mission: to protect the Texas coast from the
Mexican
583:
1384:
1374:
1353:
1099:
802:
342:
331:
187:
448:
318:
which they recommended be examined and, if suitable, purchased immediately. Originally built as a
1456:
1289:
1282:
327:
326:
shipyard, the schooner was being presented to the government by new owners, Texas special agents
274:
507:
by paying $ 11,750.00. This was paid, with interest to a total of $ 12,455.00, on July 6, 1849.
1497:
1475:
1434:
1275:
885:
727:
711:
399:
286:
256:
1306:
566:
432:
278:
143:
979:
922:
447:'s army received the seized supplies fortified Galveston Island with them. Texas historian
1466:
1404:
617:
305:
264:
1179:
29:
1538:
902:
782:
539:
260:
1199:
282:
1060:
427:
This merchant vessel, captained by Elijah Howe, was carrying food and weapons to
603:
456:
444:
352:
On March 12, 1836, she was given over to the command of
Captain Jeremiah Brown.
338:
667:
attempted to enter the harbor, she too ran aground. Her crew abandoned her and
519:
defended the coast until June, when she was ordered to transport Santa Anna to
1123:
368:
244:
130:
558:
in battle near Vera Cruz, but were told that the crew was not able to fight.
486:, Captain Howe lodged a complaint of piracy against Captain Brown. The sloop
594:, a British ship that was flying a neutral flag and carrying no contraband.
323:
304:
Because of the activities of
Mexican raiding vessels along the coast of the
240:
1091:
602:
had continued sailing several months beyond her sailing orders, President
1138:
955:
606:
relieved
Captain Thompson of his command. Houston also dismissed Texas's
520:
1445:
337:
The schooner had been built sturdily, but for speed, and was fitted in
290:
586:, who after a fruitless search for enemy on the Texas coast alongside
314:, the General Council reported that they were being offered another,
273:
was refitted in New York City and barely avoided being seized by the
811:
616:
319:
901:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
423:
was witnessed by the captain and crew of the
American-owned brig
1267:
382:
came up. One of her lieutenants, William H. Leving, was sent to
255:. Both of these actions caused diplomatic incidents between the
1310:
1095:
1006:
The Texas Navy, in Forgotten Battles and Shirtsleeve Diplomacy
663:
s assistance, but ran aground. When after some time resisting
1088:. (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press) ISBN 1- 55750-893-3
523:. Santa Anna was already aboard the schooner when General
398:
ran aground on a sandbar near the north beach and there
451:, writing during the Texas Centennial in 1936 credited
374:. On April 3, 1836, he found her. By that time renamed
349:
was prepared for service, she cost almost $ 20,000.00.
413:
s crew escaped with Leving and hanged him for piracy.
126:
1):2 × 18 pounder + 2 × 9 pounder + 4 × 6 pounder guns
463:
by depriving the Mexicans of the reinforcements that
636:
returned to Galveston on August 26, 1837, but while
1487:
1344:
1266:
1227:
1198:
1191:
1137:
1130:
181:
149:
142:
281:on August 27, 1837 while fleeing two ships of the
1059:. National Undersea Marine Agency. Archived from
474:s supplies to the Texans just before the battle.
974:
972:
285:. During her short career in the service of the
443:and arrived with her in Galveston on April 8.
1322:
1107:
289:, she was a raider and flagship of the small
213:
8:
954:. The Texas Navy Association. Archived from
917:
915:
913:
911:
1329:
1315:
1307:
1195:
1134:
1114:
1100:
1092:
687:
527:arrived on June 5 from New Orleans aboard
220:
206:
1338:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1837
685:All the vessels captured were schooners.
837:
835:
833:
831:
390:attempted to flee with Leving on board,
1008:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
827:
794:
640:entered the harbor, poor weather kept
467:would have brought and by redirecting
139:
15:
884:. Great Texas Books. pp. 29–35.
875:
873:
871:
869:
867:
779:National Underwater and Marine Agency
625:at Galveston in 1837 by E.M. Schiwetz
27:
7:
986:. Texas State Historical Association
952:Official website of the Texas Navies
929:. Texas State Historical Association
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
406:suffered no damage in the conflict,
582:received a new captain, Commodore
297:Purchase and commissioning of the
14:
1555:Maritime incidents in August 1837
882:The Navy of the Republic of Texas
554:offered to engage the retreating
1550:Shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico
1518:
1513:
1218:
1178:
896:
880:Dienst, Alex (1 November 2010).
28:
1575:1995 archaeological discoveries
455:with contributing mightily to
59:Run aground and destroyed 1837
1:
1192:Second Texas Navy (1839–1846)
546:, which was blockaded by the
1131:First Texas Navy (1836–1838)
1084:Silverstone, Paul H. (2001)
1019:Wright, Mark (Summer 2007).
574:New captain and final battle
1560:History of Galveston, Texas
1086:The Sailing Navy, 1775-1854
435:. After the destruction of
251:and later the British ship
1591:
621:The wreck of the schooner
386:on a small boat, but when
1508:
1216:
1176:
841:Silverstone (2001), p.88.
644:outside. In the morning,
531:to forbid the transport.
201:
186:
154:
129:2):1 × 9-pounder gun + 6
63:
22:
18:
984:Handbook of Texas Online
927:Handbook of Texas Online
245:Revolutionary Texas Navy
1545:Ships of the Texas Navy
542:to defend the schooner
64:General characteristics
1352:March (unknown date):
1004:Hill, Jim Dan (1937).
678:Vessels captured with
626:
525:Thomas Jefferson Green
92:75 ft (23 m)
1403:July (unknown date):
656:attempted to come to
620:
608:Secretary of the Navy
402:destroyed her. While
1021:"Reading the Papers"
612:Samuel Rhoads Fisher
343:18-pounder long guns
239:was one of the four
1045:(1837), Seq. №E327.
511:Repairs in New York
332:Samuel May Williams
742:British; detained
646:Vencedor del Alamo
627:
556:Vencedor del Alamo
548:Vencedor del Alamo
328:Thomas F. McKinney
275:United States Navy
1530:
1529:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1187:
1186:
1031:on July 14, 2007.
891:978-1-932801-16-3
770:
769:
751:Correo de Tabasco
478:Charges of piracy
439:, Brown captured
287:Republic of Texas
257:Republic of Texas
230:
229:
138:
137:
1582:
1565:Texas Revolution
1522:
1517:
1501:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1457:South Australian
1450:
1440:
1429:
1419:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1308:
1222:
1196:
1182:
1135:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1093:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1053:
1047:
1043:Lloyd's Register
1039:
1033:
1032:
1027:. Archived from
1016:
1010:
1009:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
991:
980:"Jeremiah Brown"
976:
967:
966:
964:
963:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
919:
906:
900:
899:
895:
877:
842:
839:
815:
803:Lloyd's Register
799:
688:
662:
567:Samuel Swartwout
498:had apprehended
473:
433:Galveston Island
412:
279:Galveston, Texas
222:
215:
208:
196:Galveston Harbor
144:First Texas Navy
140:
43:January 18, 1836
35:
32:
16:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1504:
1494:
1488:Other incidents
1483:
1473:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1432:
1422:
1412:
1402:
1392:
1382:
1372:
1366:Dunvegan Castle
1362:
1351:
1340:
1335:
1305:
1296:
1262:
1223:
1214:
1183:
1174:
1126:
1120:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1040:
1036:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1003:
1002:
998:
989:
987:
978:
977:
970:
961:
959:
946:
945:
941:
932:
930:
921:
920:
909:
897:
892:
879:
878:
845:
840:
829:
824:
819:
818:
800:
796:
791:
775:
759:17 August 1836
747:12 August 1836
683:
660:
578:In April 1837,
576:
513:
480:
471:
419:'s battle with
410:
365:
360:and capture of
356:Destruction of
302:
234:Texas schooner
226:
51:August 27, 1837
33:
12:
11:
5:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1527:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1495:Unknown date:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1474:Unknown date:
1471:
1461:
1451:
1441:
1430:
1420:
1410:
1400:
1390:
1380:
1370:
1360:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1204:
1202:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1048:
1034:
1011:
996:
968:
939:
907:
890:
843:
826:
825:
823:
820:
817:
816:
806:reported that
793:
792:
790:
787:
774:
771:
768:
767:
765:
760:
756:
755:
753:
748:
744:
743:
740:
735:
734:8 August 1836
731:
730:
728:Sisal, Yucatán
724:
719:
715:
714:
712:Sisal, Yucatán
708:
703:
699:
698:
695:
692:
682:
676:
652:attacked her.
584:H. L. Thompson
575:
572:
561:In September,
512:
509:
479:
476:
459:'s victory at
364:
354:
306:Gulf of Mexico
301:
295:
265:United Kingdom
228:
227:
225:
224:
217:
210:
202:
199:
198:
184:
183:
179:
178:
152:
151:
147:
146:
136:
135:
134:
133:
127:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
78:
74:
73:
70:
69:Class and type
66:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
49:
48:Decommissioned
45:
44:
41:
37:
36:
25:
24:
20:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1587:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:Sydney Packet
1391:
1388:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1200:Sloops-of-war
1197:
1194:
1190:
1181:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1122:Ships of the
1117:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1063:on 2007-08-07
1062:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1000:
997:
985:
981:
975:
973:
969:
958:on 2007-09-28
957:
953:
949:
943:
940:
928:
924:
918:
916:
914:
912:
908:
904:
903:public domain
893:
887:
883:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
844:
838:
836:
834:
832:
828:
821:
813:
809:
808:Eliza Russell
805:
804:
798:
795:
788:
786:
784:
783:Clive Cussler
781:, founded by
780:
772:
766:
764:
761:
758:
757:
754:
752:
749:
746:
745:
741:
739:
736:
733:
732:
729:
725:
723:
720:
718:25 July 1836
717:
716:
713:
709:
707:
704:
702:25 July 1836
701:
700:
696:
693:
690:
689:
686:
681:
677:
675:
672:
670:
666:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
624:
619:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
596:Eliza Russell
593:
592:Eliza Russell
589:
585:
581:
573:
571:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
510:
508:
506:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
482:Upon leaving
477:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
394:opened fire.
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:
363:
359:
355:
353:
350:
348:
344:
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:
307:
300:
296:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
266:
262:
261:United States
258:
254:
253:Eliza Russell
250:
246:
242:
238:
237:
223:
218:
216:
211:
209:
204:
203:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
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176:
171:
170:
165:
164:
159:
158:
153:
148:
145:
141:
132:
128:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
115:
112:
111:
107:
104:
103:
99:
96:
95:
91:
88:
87:
83:
80:100, or 125 (
79:
76:
75:
71:
68:
67:
62:
58:
55:
54:
50:
47:
46:
42:
39:
38:
31:
26:
21:
17:
1532:
1496:
1476:
1465:
1455:
1446:
1436:
1425:
1424:
1416:Duke of York
1415:
1405:
1395:
1385:
1375:
1365:
1355:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1208:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1155:Independence
1154:
1147:
1085:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:the original
1057:"Invincible"
1051:
1042:
1037:
1029:the original
1025:TCU Magazine
1024:
1014:
1005:
999:
988:. Retrieved
983:
960:. Retrieved
956:the original
951:
942:
931:. Retrieved
926:
923:"Invincible"
881:
807:
801:
797:
776:
762:
750:
738:Eliza Russel
737:
721:
705:
684:
679:
673:
668:
664:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:
622:
599:
595:
591:
587:
579:
577:
562:
560:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:was sent to
535:
533:
528:
516:
515:Thereafter,
514:
504:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
481:
468:
464:
452:
449:Jim Dan Hill
440:
436:
424:
420:
416:
415:
407:
403:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
361:
357:
351:
346:
336:
322:trader in a
316:Invincible,
315:
309:
303:
298:
283:Mexican Navy
270:
269:
252:
248:
235:
233:
231:
192:Brazos River
173:
168:
167:
163:Independence
161:
155:
77:Tons burthen
40:Commissioned
1570:1830s ships
1250:San Bernard
1243:San Antonio
1236:San Jacinto
948:"Montezuma"
630:Invincible
604:Sam Houston
534:On July 4,
461:San Jacinto
457:Sam Houston
445:Sam Houston
339:New Orleans
1539:Categories
1426:Invincible
1345:Shipwrecks
1162:Invincible
1124:Texas Navy
1079:References
1067:2007-09-25
990:2007-09-25
962:2007-09-25
933:2007-09-25
773:Postscript
669:Invincible
665:Invincible
658:Invincible
650:Libertador
642:Invincible
623:Invincible
600:Invincible
580:Invincible
563:Invincible
552:Invincible
536:Invincible
517:Invincible
496:Invincible
492:Invincible
453:Invincible
429:Santa Anna
417:Invincible
404:Invincible
400:broadsides
392:Invincible
380:Invincible
369:man-of-war
347:Invincible
299:Invincible
271:Invincible
236:Invincible
182:Skirmishes
169:Invincible
131:carronades
113:Complement
97:Propulsion
1435:HMS
1354:HMS
1228:Schooners
1139:Schooners
822:Citations
763:Rafaelita
722:Adventure
706:Telégrafo
540:Matagorda
490:captured
372:Montezuma
341:with two
324:Baltimore
241:schooners
188:Matamoros
116:40, or 70
1498:Morrison
1467:Caroline
1464:29 Dec:
1433:21 Sep:
1423:27 Aug:
1413:14 Aug:
1406:Adelaide
1393:17 Jul:
1383:16 Jul:
1363:25 Apr:
1356:Pembroke
521:Veracruz
263:and the
259:and the
194:–
190:–
172:–
166:–
160:–
121:Armament
108:variable
72:Schooner
1454:8 Dec:
1444:9 Oct:
1386:Harriet
1376:Norfolk
1373:6 Jul:
1291:Wharton
1284:Potomac
1169:Liberty
425:Pocket.
311:Liberty
243:of the
175:Liberty
23:History
1437:Terror
1277:Archer
1257:Zavala
1209:Austin
1148:Brutus
888:
697:Notes
680:Brutus
654:Brutus
638:Brutus
634:Brutus
588:Brutus
544:Brutus
529:Ocean
505:Pocket
500:Pocket
488:Warren
484:Pocket
469:Pocket
441:Pocket
362:Pocket
358:Bravo
293:navy.
291:Texian
249:Pocket
157:Brutus
89:Length
1477:Lotus
1268:Brigs
812:Alloa
789:Notes
694:Name
691:Date
661:'
472:'
465:Bravo
437:Bravo
421:Bravo
411:'
408:Bravo
396:Bravo
388:Bravo
384:Bravo
376:Bravo
320:slave
150:Ships
105:Speed
34:Texas
1524:1838
1511:1836
1447:Home
886:ISBN
777:The
648:and
632:and
330:and
232:The
100:wind
56:Fate
726:At
710:At
1541::
1023:.
982:.
971:^
950:.
925:.
910:^
846:^
830:^
610:,
550:.
267:.
82:bm
1330:e
1323:t
1316:v
1115:e
1108:t
1101:v
1070:.
993:.
965:.
936:.
905:.
894:.
814:.
221:e
214:t
207:v
84:)
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