116:
which was founded in 1897. The purpose of the group is to create a central organization for women's clubs and their members in Texas relating to education, the environment, home and civic life, the arts and Texas history. Seventy-percent of public libraries in Texas were created through the work of
125:
The TFWC had its origins with local women's clubs throughout the state of Texas. Many of these clubs were organized for "self-culture and intellectual development." Over time the idea that local clubs would benefit by sharing and communicating with other clubs in the state grew among various club
134:. The ideas and networking opportunities for many different women's club members from across Texas helped shape the TFWC. As early as 1895, the Wednesday Club of Fort Worth put forth idea to create a federation of women's clubs. However, it was Mrs. Edward Rotan (Kate Sturm McCall Rotan) in
138:
who finally reached out by letter to invite various clubs to send representatives in order to create the TFWC. The TFWC first organized under the name of the Texas
Federation of Literary Clubs in 1897. Rotan was voted the first president of the TFWC.
242:, helped pass the 1909 bill to create the Texas State Library. TFWC was also heavily invested in creating "traveling libraries," throughout Texas. TFWC maintained responsibility for these libraries until 1916 when the Texas State Library took over.
1099:
229:
was president, and under her tenure, helped establish a "traveling library and art collection" and raised $ 3,500 for women's scholarships at the
University of Texas. Later, TFWC would be involved in establishing the creation of the
1458:
1896:
275:
from TFWC with the help of Katie Ripley of Dallas in 1936. Ripley was able to get TFWC to "pass a resolution recommending that birth control be provided by state and local public clinics" in 1937.
2277:
1069:
263:
In 1932, the first cornerstone was set for the Texas
Federation of Women's Clubs Headquarters in Austin. By the late 1930s, the TFWC had grown to include 1,200 clubs and about 60,000 members.
2223:
1964:
1693:
1268:
1969:
1494:
1084:
1154:
1536:
1023:
1134:
335:
1990:
1787:
1891:
2282:
1064:
1917:
1074:
24:
1808:
1656:
1515:
231:
1620:
1688:
218:
and changed their name to the Texas
Federation of Women's Clubs. TFWC organized itself into five districts, and in 1901, there were 132 clubs involved.
1912:
2173:
1625:
1179:
1054:
260:. TFWC was also involved in traveling art exhibits in the 1920s. Mrs. H.B. Fall helped establish "cottage art centers" around Texas through TFWC.
1557:
1104:
1016:
340:
215:
86:
2272:
2120:
2016:
1589:
1169:
1139:
1124:
810:
1354:
1089:
1288:
1205:
2089:
1594:
1174:
1159:
639:
2287:
2011:
1761:
1473:
505:
2036:
1943:
1823:
1328:
898:
879:
2046:
1009:
2026:
1843:
1828:
1725:
1129:
909:
162:, including the Current Events Club, the Pierian Club, the Shakespeare Club and the Standard Club, the Ariel Literary Society of
2292:
2051:
1833:
1672:
1385:
1308:
1114:
202:. The TFWC limited club membership to groups who were recommended by two other clubs already in the TFWC and most members were
2021:
2061:
1359:
2110:
1756:
1746:
1278:
1184:
762:
239:
68:
667:
2152:
1927:
1709:
246:
1985:
1094:
1792:
1630:
1323:
1237:
295:
Club membership decreased over time, with a membership of 13,000 women and 500 clubs in 1985 and in 1992, 384 clubs.
2115:
2075:
2041:
1777:
1615:
1520:
1499:
1478:
1406:
1318:
1149:
1059:
2136:
1859:
1782:
1541:
1375:
1333:
1221:
1079:
271:
for women would be important to helping Texas support birth control. Sanger was able to obtain an endorsement of
235:
23:
2247:
2105:
1813:
1426:
1421:
1313:
1242:
1032:
469:
Woman's Who's Who of
America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporary Women of the United States and Canada
1751:
1573:
1463:
1411:
1283:
1252:
1247:
304:
245:
TFWC has also been involved in historic preservation. In 1904, they helped to raise money to purchase the
140:
252:
In 1916, there were 450 clubs with a membership of 16,000. TFWC worked to influence women to run for local
1922:
1875:
1468:
1416:
1119:
146:
The twenty-one original charter clubs of TFWC were the
American History Club and the Pathfinder's Club of
109:
1640:
1164:
1144:
1390:
1380:
2056:
1298:
284:
1635:
1442:
930:"'All Good Things Start With the Women': The Origin of the Texas Birth Control Movement, 1933-1945"
127:
996:
612:
Looscan, Adele B. (July 1904). "The Work of the
Daughters of the Republic of Texas of the Alamo".
473:
1273:
958:
851:
621:
253:
2198:
831:"'How Can We Fail?': The Texas State Library's Traveling Libraries and Bookmobilies, 1916-1966"
1001:
950:
915:
894:
875:
816:
763:
Pact
Originator Is Salt Lake Visitor: Woman Who Suggested League of Nations Up for Nobel Prize
167:
1948:
991:
942:
843:
310:
226:
171:
155:
268:
264:
179:
151:
780:
547:
467:
386:
1338:
1303:
222:
199:
191:
183:
2266:
2168:
1995:
1293:
1109:
855:
322:
272:
163:
147:
962:
1610:
316:
207:
203:
187:
1818:
1741:
211:
195:
135:
58:
1100:
Daughters of the
Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World
983:
954:
919:
820:
267:
recognized that receiving the endorsement of the TFWC for the promotion of
946:
891:
Call Her a
Citizen: Progressive-Era Activist and Educator Anna Pennybacker
625:
1838:
847:
175:
929:
830:
159:
131:
736:
1459:
Chicago and Northern District Association of Colored Women's Clubs
113:
1189:
1897:
Federation of Women's Clubs for Oklahoma and Indian Territories
1005:
644:. Vol. XVIII. J.B. Pond Lyceum Bureau. 1916. p. 199.
872:
The State Library and Archives of Texas: A History, 1835-1962
96:
1070:
Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching
911:
History of the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs: 1918-1938
583:
581:
2224:
First National Conference of the Colored Women of America
472:. New York: The American Commonwealth Company. pp.
422:
420:
707:
705:
1965:
General Federation of Women's Clubs of South Carolina
1694:
Mississippi State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
126:
members. In 1894, a Woman's Congress was held at the
1269:
California State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
815:. Vol. 1. Houston, Texas: Dealy-Adey-Elgin Co.
812:
The History of the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
2236:
2212:
2186:
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2145:
2129:
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2082:
2070:
2004:
1978:
1957:
1936:
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1347:
1261:
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1198:
1047:
1040:
769:, September 20, 1920, p. 3 (subscription required).
174:, the Women's Club and the Ladies' Reading Club of
92:
82:
74:
64:
54:
46:
38:
30:
1970:South Carolina Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
928:
829:
1495:Indiana State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
1135:National Society of the Colonial Dames of America
641:The Official Register of Women's Clubs in America
166:, The Women's Wednesday Club and the '93 Club of
2278:Women's organizations based in the United States
1537:Topeka Council of Colored Women's Clubs Building
997:Texas Women's University online exhibit on TFWC
1065:Associated Daughters of Early American Witches
336:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs Headquarters
1017:
506:"Marker at Woman's Club Honors Olga Kohlberg"
8:
1892:Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
992:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs Collection
16:
232:Texas State Library and Archives Commission
2240:
2216:
2190:
1621:Colored Female Religious and Moral Society
1044:
1024:
1010:
1002:
282:became a bimonthly publication called the
256:. In 1923, the group began to publish the
22:
15:
572:
489:
450:
438:
426:
411:
1809:Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs
1657:Ladies' Library Association of Kalamazoo
1516:Iowa Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
1055:American Association of University Women
599:
587:
1689:Mississippi Federation of Women's Clubs
356:
194:, the Literary and the Woman's Club of
696:
614:Texas Historical Association Quarterly
530:
1626:New England Woman's Press Association
1180:Women's Joint Congressional Committee
1140:National Society of New England Women
1125:National Association of Colored Women
874:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
723:
711:
541:
539:
380:
7:
1558:Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs
1090:Daughters of the American Revolution
787:. Texas State Historical Association
654:
554:. Texas State Historical Association
500:
498:
461:
459:
393:. Texas State Historical Association
378:
376:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
362:
360:
1595:Maryland Woman Suffrage Association
1190:Young Women's Christian Association
1160:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1105:General Federation of Women's Clubs
1085:Daughters of the American Colonists
836:Libraries & the Cultural Record
743:. Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
466:Leonard, John William, ed. (1914).
387:"Texas Federation of Women's Clubs"
341:General Federation of Women's Clubs
319:, nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize
216:General Federation of Women's Clubs
117:the members and clubs of the TFWC.
87:General Federation of Women's Clubs
2283:Women's clubs in the United States
2017:Texas Association of Women's Clubs
2012:Daughters of the Republic of Texas
1590:Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore
1170:Women's Christian Temperance Union
893:. Texas A&M University Press.
809:Christian, Stella L., ed. (1919).
546:Cordery, Stacy A. (15 June 2010).
225:in Texas in 1898. From 1901-1903,
221:The TFWC agreed to help establish
42:Texas Federation of Literary Clubs
14:
2037:Dallas Equal Suffrage Association
2032:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
1175:Women's National Republican Club
935:Southwestern Historical Quarterly
927:Smith, Harold L. (January 2011).
106:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
17:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
2027:Texas Equal Suffrage Association
1829:Equal Suffrage League (Brooklyn)
1130:National Council of Jewish Women
548:"Pennybacker, Anna J. Hardwicke"
249:and the grounds surrounding it.
1474:Frederick Douglass Woman's Club
1155:United States Daughters of 1812
908:Potter, Fannie C., ed. (1941).
668:"Art in Houston - As We See It"
385:Seaholm, Megan (15 June 2010).
2022:Texas Equal Rights Association
1206:Alabama's Colored Women's Club
914:. Vol. 2. W.H. McNitzky.
779:Church, Diana (15 June 2010).
143:was the first vice-president.
1:
313:, president from 1901 to 1903
190:, the Social Science Club of
69:Non-governmental organization
2273:1897 establishments in Texas
1834:Newswomen's Club of New York
1309:Hollywood Women's Press Club
1115:Ladies' Memorial Association
870:Gracy, II, David B. (2010).
1095:Daughters of the Cincinnati
1075:Colonial Dames XVII Century
828:Cummings, Jennifer (2009).
238:and George Garrison of the
214:. In 1899, they joined the
2309:
2121:University Club of Seattle
2076:Daughters of Utah Pioneers
1407:Atlanta Neighborhood Union
1185:Women's Trade Union League
1150:Queen Isabella Association
325:, president from 1904-1906
182:, the Shakespeare Club of
97:https://www.gfwctexas.org/
2288:History of women in Texas
2243:
2219:
2193:
1080:Colonial Dames of America
972:– via Project MUSE.
865:– via Project MUSE.
765:." Salt Lake City, Utah:
292:is still in publication.
236:Texas Library Association
21:
1631:New England Women's Club
889:King, Kelley M. (2010).
785:Handbook of Texas Online
552:Handbook of Texas Online
391:Handbook of Texas Online
186:, the Quid Nunc Club of
170:, The Wednesday Club of
112:women's organization in
1060:American Woman's League
781:"Turner, Adella Kelsey"
305:Olga Bernstein Kohlberg
234:. TFWC, along with the
150:, the Magazine Club of
141:Olga Bernstein Kohlberg
2293:History of Waco, Texas
1616:College Club of Boston
1542:Woman's Club of Topeka
1469:Fortnightly of Chicago
1120:League of Women Voters
767:The Salt Lake Telegram
307:, first vice president
154:, XIX Century Club of
2248:List of women's clubs
2237:List of women's clubs
1918:Colored Women's Clubs
1814:Brooklyn Woman's Club
1641:Saturday Morning Club
1165:United Order of Tents
1145:Phillis Wheatley Club
947:10.1353/swh.2011.0016
737:"The Texas Clubwoman"
678:(1): 17. January 1928
280:Texas Federation News
258:Texas Federation News
158:, several clubs from
1991:Country Woman's Club
1464:Chicago Woman's Club
1412:Atlanta Woman's Club
1284:College Women's Club
1035:in the United States
198:and the XXI Club of
1443:Daughters of Hawaii
741:The Texas Clubwoman
240:University of Texas
18:
1274:Berkeley City Club
848:10.1353/lac.0.0080
672:Civics for Houston
178:, the Owl Club of
2260:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2232:
2231:
2208:
2207:
2182:
2181:
2174:Women's City Club
1986:19th Century Club
1944:Cosmopolitan Club
1844:Women's City Club
1824:Cosmopolitan Club
1726:20th Century Club
1329:Metropolitan Club
512:. 26 January 2015
478:mrs edward rotan.
102:
101:
2300:
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1636:Woman's Era Club
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311:Anna Pennybacker
227:Anna Pennybacker
223:public libraries
128:Texas State Fair
26:
19:
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2303:
2302:
2301:
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2297:
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2199:The Woman's Era
2178:
2162:Washington D.C.
2157:
2141:
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2094:
2078:
2066:
2052:Houston Heights
2000:
1974:
1953:
1932:
1901:
1880:
1864:
1848:
1797:
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1762:Upper Montclair
1730:
1714:
1698:
1677:
1661:
1645:
1599:
1578:
1562:
1546:
1525:
1504:
1483:
1479:Three Arts Club
1447:
1431:
1395:
1386:Fort Lauderdale
1364:
1343:
1324:LA Nurses' Club
1257:
1226:
1210:
1194:
1036:
1030:
986:Texas Clubwoman
980:
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299:Notable members
290:Texas Clubwoman
285:Texas Clubwoman
269:family planning
265:Margaret Sanger
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1339:Wilfandel Club
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1304:Francisca Club
1301:
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978:External links
976:
975:
974:
941:(3): 253–285.
924:
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899:
886:
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842:(3): 299–325.
825:
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799:
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726:, p. 280.
716:
714:, p. 257.
701:
699:, p. 343.
689:
659:
657:, p. 184.
647:
631:
604:
602:, p. 303.
592:
590:, p. 304.
577:
575:, p. 158.
573:Gracy, II 2010
565:
535:
523:
494:
490:Christian 1919
482:
455:
451:Christian 1919
443:
439:Christian 1919
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427:Christian 1919
416:
412:Christian 1919
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1996:Ossoli Circle
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1300:
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1294:Ebell Society
1292:
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1279:Beverly Hills
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1110:Junior League
1108:
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1033:Women's clubs
1027:
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900:9781603443302
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881:9780292779051
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600:Cummings 2009
596:
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588:Cummings 2009
584:
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574:
569:
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536:
533:, p. 45.
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323:Adella Turner
321:
318:
315:
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309:
306:
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298:
296:
293:
291:
287:
286:
281:
278:In 1948, the
276:
274:
273:birth control
270:
266:
261:
259:
255:
254:school boards
250:
248:
247:Alamo Mission
243:
241:
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63:
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49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2197:
2187:Publications
2090:Mount Vernon
2031:
1949:Plastic Club
1937:Pennsylvania
1710:East Glacier
985:
966:. Retrieved
938:
934:
910:
890:
871:
859:. Retrieved
839:
835:
811:
789:. Retrieved
784:
774:
766:
757:
745:. Retrieved
740:
731:
719:
692:
680:. Retrieved
675:
671:
662:
650:
640:
634:
617:
613:
607:
595:
568:
556:. Retrieved
551:
526:
514:. Retrieved
509:
485:
477:
468:
453:, p. 9.
446:
441:, p. 8.
434:
429:, p. 5.
414:, p. 4.
407:
395:. Retrieved
390:
317:Mary Shapard
294:
289:
283:
279:
277:
262:
257:
251:
244:
220:
145:
124:
108:(TFWC) is a
105:
103:
83:Affiliations
78:volunteerism
31:Abbreviation
2213:Conventions
2062:San Antonio
2057:Lyceum Club
1819:Colony Club
1793:Silver City
1742:Kalmia Club
1682:Mississippi
1299:Ebell of LA
1238:Casa Grande
697:Potter 1941
531:Potter 1941
510:El Paso Inc
212:upper class
59:Waco, Texas
39:Predecessor
2267:Categories
2099:Washington
2047:Fort Worth
1788:Las Cruces
1778:Alamogordo
1771:New Mexico
1757:Rutherford
1747:Morristown
1735:New Jersey
1673:Saint Paul
1521:Des Moines
1360:Wilmington
1262:California
1048:Nationwide
724:Smith 2011
712:Smith 2011
347:References
168:Fort Worth
110:non-profit
55:Founded at
2137:Wauwatosa
2130:Wisconsin
1979:Tennessee
1928:Town Club
1860:Charlotte
1783:Carrizozo
1666:Minnesota
1567:Louisiana
1500:Vincennes
1376:Bradenton
1334:San Pedro
1222:Anchorage
856:109738294
655:King 2010
620:(1): 80.
352:Citations
172:Galveston
156:Corsicana
2111:Longview
2106:Kirkland
2083:Virginia
1885:Oklahoma
1802:New York
1752:Red Bank
1650:Michigan
1583:Maryland
1574:Era Club
1551:Kentucky
1452:Illinois
1427:Tennille
1422:Demorest
1348:Delaware
1314:La Jolla
1243:Glendale
963:29360093
955:21574284
791:30 April
682:30 April
626:30242843
558:30 April
397:28 April
330:See also
180:McKinney
152:Cleburne
2146:Wyoming
2116:Olympia
2042:El Paso
1913:Ashland
1839:Sorosis
1703:Montana
1611:Chilton
1488:Indiana
1400:Georgia
1369:Florida
1355:Milford
1319:Lincoln
1253:Willcox
1231:Arizona
1199:Alabama
920:1689884
821:1689884
803:Sources
200:Denison
192:Terrell
184:Sherman
176:Houston
121:History
93:Website
75:Purpose
47:Founded
2153:Casper
1923:Dundee
1906:Oregon
1876:Dayton
1719:Nevada
1530:Kansas
1436:Hawaii
1417:Dawson
1289:Corona
1215:Alaska
961:
953:
918:
897:
878:
854:
819:
624:
288:. The
208:middle
164:Denton
160:Dallas
148:Austin
132:Dallas
2005:Texas
1391:Miami
1381:Davie
1041:Clubs
968:1 May
959:S2CID
861:1 May
852:S2CID
747:1 May
622:JSTOR
516:1 May
204:white
188:Tyler
114:Texas
2071:Utah
1869:Ohio
1509:Iowa
1248:Mesa
984:The
970:2016
951:PMID
916:OCLC
895:ISBN
876:ISBN
863:2016
817:OCLC
793:2016
749:2016
684:2016
560:2016
518:2016
399:2016
206:and
196:Waco
136:Waco
104:The
65:Type
50:1987
34:TFWC
943:doi
939:114
844:doi
474:704
210:or
130:in
2269::
957:.
949:.
937:.
933:.
850:.
840:44
838:.
834:.
783:.
739:.
704:^
674:.
670:.
616:.
580:^
550:.
538:^
508:.
497:^
476:.
458:^
419:^
389:.
359:^
1025:e
1018:t
1011:v
945::
922:.
903:.
884:.
846::
823:.
795:.
761:"
751:.
686:.
676:1
628:.
618:8
562:.
520:.
401:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
