419:
prices (which later rose substantially) and outstanding purchase debt eventually crippled the
European business. TXU considered investing £250 million from its US business to bolster the equity base, but following Rating Agency pressure this was shelved in order to protect the credit ratings of the US parent. As a consequence the directors of the UK businesses appointed Administrators in September 2002. The UK retail business and several of its gas fields were purchased by Eon (owners of Powergen), who closed its commercial operations in Rayleigh, Essex and relocated them to Powergen offices in Nottingham & Coventry. TXU's incomplete new UK headquarters were not part of the deal and are now used by Suffolk County Council.
1381:
610:
Sierra Club has filed a Clean Air enforcement case against the Martin Lake Plant, and a magistrate judge in that case made a recommendation in 2013 in favor of Sierra Club on an EFH request to stop or slow the case. On July 13, 2012, the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency sent EFH's Luminant subsidiary an enforcement notice under the Clean Air Act about alleged violations of the "New Source Review" provisions of the act, for actions taken by Luminant at the Big Brown and Martin Lake plants.
1845:
70:
621:, a subsidiary of Energy Future Holdings, sued Milam, Freestone, Rusk, and Titus counties in 2011 to challenge the taxable values that the counties had set for Luminant coal plants in each county. As a result of the lawsuits, Luminant reduced its tax liabilities by several hundred million dollars. As significant taxpayers in each county, the decisions have reduced funding to local
637:
496:. The buyout, which left Dallas-based Energy Future with a debt of more than $ 40 billion, was a gamble that natural gas prices would rise and give its coal-fired plants a competitive advantage. Instead, natural gas prices fell sharply. Consequently, Energy Future Holdings was mired in financial problems, leading to the April 29, 2014 filing for
555:
The upcoming maturity of a significant amount of debt, coupled with sizable financial losses, had many observers predicting that EFH will ultimately file for bankruptcy, which it did on April 29, 2014. The prominent credit-rating firm Moody's had called EFH "a financially distressed company with an
609:
EFH and its
Luminant subsidiary are the subject of litigation by the Sierra Club for alleged violations of the Clean Air Act at the Big Brown Plant, and in 2013 a federal district court judge ruled in favor of Sierra Club on a motion by EFH to stop or slow the case from coming to trial. Similarly,
600:
The Sierra Club and allies launched their "Beyond TXU" campaign to encourage retail electricity customers to switch from EFH's TXU Energy to other retail electric providers without a connection to the EFH coal fleet. Through a variety of advertisements in the DFW area, coupled with a social media
418:
holdings and then of its
Australian holdings in 2004. The UK operations had been purchased following a bidding war with PacifiCorp which pushed up the price paid substantially from opening offers but most of the cost thereof was indebted back onto the UK businesses themselves. Falling UK energy
587:
The Martin Lake, Big Brown, and
Monticello plants ranked first, third, and fourth, respectively, in airborne mercury pollution in the United States according to company reports submitted to the EPA. Such high levels of mercury pollution have drawn criticism for their harmful effects on child
571:
Energy Future
Holdings owns, and has closed the mines for, four of the nation's highest emitting coal-fired power plants, which together account for approximately one quarter of all industrial/utility air pollution reported to Texas regulators. Its
310:
was formed as a publicly owned holding company that owned DP&L, TP&L and TESCO. The three operating companies continued to operate separately until 1984, when they were merged into one operating company, called
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963:
1919:
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NOx emissions from EFH's coal plants help contribute to harmful levels of ozone in the air in Dallas and other parts of east Texas, and ozone pollution can trigger asthma attacks and respiratory problems.
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campaign, these groups have encouraged customers to visit www.powertochoose.org, a website administered by the Public
Utility Commission of Texas, that provides information on retail electric providers.
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entered a limited partnership to form
Capgemini Energy Limited Partnership, a new company that will initially provide business process services and information technology solutions to TXU.
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TXU continued to own transmission and distribution facilities, but was required to open retail sales to competition. Competitors during this time period included
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625:. Some have suggested that Luminant only sued over property appraisals for coal plant sites that will require pollution upgrades or changes in the near future.
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purchased TXU in 2007; the sale became final on
October 10, 2007. As part of the buyout, the electric distribution part of the company became
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plants have been the subject of scrutiny by environmental groups for pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, mercury, and sulfur dioxides.
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as solely a retail provider of electricity, without any electrical distribution or production assets. Luminant owns and operates the
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327:, Texas Utilities became TXU, and was by 2000 the fifth largest energy company in the world, after its purchase of NORWEB from
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287:(TP&L, founded 1912), which served other areas of northern and west-central Texas. All three companies were owned by the
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The company traces its history to the beginnings of electric service in northern Texas. Predecessor companies include
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As of
February 2013, the company has been described as "struggling" which resulted in the April 29, 2014 filing for
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The pending bankruptcy represents the biggest bankruptcy of a private equity-backed company since the failure of
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In 2012, financial ties among subsidiaries were substantially severed, securing their financial independence.
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In 1996, TXU merged with the parent company of Lone Star Gas, allowing TXU to become the largest provider of
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406:. Surprisingly, many utility customers opted to remain with TXU despite active retail competition.
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and two municipal utility companies in Germany, Stadtwerke Kiel and Braunschweiger Versorgungs AG.
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power plants. From 1998 to 2007, the company was known as TXU Corporation until its $ 45 billion
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World Energy Magazine - Texas Electric Market Restructuring: Unleashing "Competitive Darwinism"
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251:. On July 7, 2017, the company announced its Oncor transmission business would be acquired by
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in 1932. The three companies were deemed to be an integrated system with the passage of the
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TXU divested itself of its European holdings in late 2002 mainly due to the collapse of its
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1221:"EPA accuses Energy Future Holdings' Luminant of pollution violations at two coal plants"
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1081:"ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934"
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271:(DP&L, founded 1917 with roots dating to 1882), which served the city of Dallas;
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Mike Spector; Matt Wirz (9 February 2013), "Texas Power Giant Could Be Split Up",
1192:"SIERRA CLUB, ALLIES ISSUE STATEMENT ON COURT RULING AGAINST LUMINANT, BIG BROWN"
446:, and onsold the electricity retail and generation businesses to Hong-Kong-based
259:'s higher $ 9.45 billion bid was eventually accepted instead on August 21, 2017.
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200:, United States. The majority of the company's power generation is through
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943:"Sempra Energy Announces Agreement To Acquire Ownership Interest In Oncor"
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subsidiary which is the company's electricity delivery unit, focusing on
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925:"Berkshire Hathaway Makes a $ 9 Billion Bid for Energy Future Holdings"
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1206:"Federal Magistrate Judge: Texas Coal Plant Can't Dodge Clean Air Act"
1000:"TXU to Become Second Largest Energy Retailer in the United Kingdom".
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1122:"Sierra Club steps up campaign against Energy Future Holdings"
1100:"Energy Future Proposes Pre-Packaged Bankruptcy of Some Units"
275:(TESCO, founded 1929 with roots dating to 1885), which served
1178:"Sierra Club Launches Beyond TXU Campaign with Dallas Ad Buy"
831:"Former Qualcomm chairman Jacobs to exit board of directors"
537:
subsidiary when engages in competitive selling in the Texas
315:("TU" meaning "Texas Utilities"). Following acquisitions of
1291:
1266:"EFH sues four rural counties over coal plant appraisals"
1034:"WORLD BUSINESS BRIEFING: EUROPE; TXU BUYS UTILITY STAKE"
1920:
Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
1296:
1152:"Biggest LBO Failure Is Energy Future Purgatory for KKR"
899:"Energy Future Holdings files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy"
298:
DP&L, TP&L and TESCO were connected by a single
1915:
Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2014
1308:
World Energy Magazine - Powering the Future of Texas"
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Non-renewable resource companies established in 1912
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1247:"Luminant, county settle on taxable property value"
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1085:United States Securities and Exchange Commission
897:Fuquay, Jim; Kaskovich, Steve (28 April 2014).
434:, which retained the distribution businesses (
1910:Privately held companies of the United States
1870:Electric power companies of the United States
1329:
1137:"Debt bomb ticking at Energy Future Holdings"
856:Energy Future Holdings Offers Bankruptcy Plan
808:
806:
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656:Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)
8:
1875:Nuclear power companies of the United States
651:Deregulation of the Texas electricity market
484:and the electric generation business became
62:
1017:"TXU Europe's acquisition of Norweb Energi"
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304:Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935
61:
964:"Eastern Electricity changes hands again"
1598:America's Best Contacts & Eyeglasses
1171:
1169:
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1052:"TXU buys Braunschweiger Versorgungs-AG"
796:
442:distribution networks) in the state of
1885:American companies established in 1912
1223:. Dallas Morning News. Archived from
1115:
1113:
430:. TXU sold its Australian assets to
353:deregulated the Texas electric market
7:
1890:Energy companies established in 1912
1304:- Article by John Wilder, CEO of TXU
1069:TEXAS UTILITIES TO BUY ENSERCH CORP.
422:Also, in October 2004, TXU sold its
1310:- Article by John Wilder, CEO of TX
531:Texas Competitive Electric Holdings
232:is a subsidiary of publicly traded
1905:Private equity portfolio companies
183:Energy Future Holdings Corporation
63:Energy Future Holdings Corporation
25:
1925:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts companies
1150:Carey, David (25 February 2013).
494:Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant
1844:
1843:
1379:
1249:. Cameron Herald. Archived from
1176:Garland, Jenna (11 April 2013).
981:Fisher. Daniel (9 August 1999).
635:
319:for $ 10 billion in 1998 in the
224:. That purchase was the largest
68:
1603:Hospital Corporation of America
1194:. Sierra Club. 8 February 2013.
1098:Chediak, Mark (15 April 2013).
1002:Power Engineering International
819:, Ryan Dezember, pp. B1–B2
661:List of power stations in Texas
461:2007 buyout and 2014 bankruptcy
289:Electric Bond and Share Company
1208:. Earth Justice. 6 March 2013.
962:Jameson. A (22 October 200w).
556:untenable capital structure."
478:Goldman Sachs Capital Partners
273:Texas Electric Service Company
222:Goldman Sachs Capital Partners
161:Goldman Sachs Capital Partners
1:
1935:2007 mergers and acquisitions
1058:. No. 20506. 2 May 2002.
859:April 15, 2013 New York Times
1900:1912 establishments in Texas
410:2002–2004 divestitures
1139:. Fort Worth Star-Telegram.
580:, Monticello (closed), and
139:Electric power distribution
1956:
578:Martin Lake (mines closed)
1880:Companies based in Dallas
1839:
1593:Academy Sports + Outdoors
1535:Northgate Public Services
1377:
704:
697:Dow Jones Utility Average
323:and a power generator in
189:company headquartered in
67:
1763:Veen Bosch & Keuning
1726:Gallery Publishing Group
903:Fort Worth Star-Telegram
605:Environmental litigation
453:On May 18, 2004 TXU and
450:, trading as TRUenergy.
269:Dallas Power & Light
228:in history. As of 2019,
27:American utility company
1346:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
1015:OFGEM (7 August 2000).
816:The Wall Street Journal
714:American Electric Power
614:Property tax litigation
513:Oncor Electric Delivery
500:bankruptcy protection.
482:Oncor Electric Delivery
214:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
153:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
107:, United States in 1912
48:32.783139°N 96.799106°W
1825:Barbarians at the Gate
1819:Kohlberg & Company
1716:Atria Publishing Group
1635:Energy Future Holdings
1623:Industrial manufacture
1268:. Dallas Morning News.
1124:. Dallas Morning News.
135:Electricity generation
1930:TPG Capital companies
1608:Oasis Shopping Centre
1135:Schnurman, Mitchell.
870:"Chapter 11 Petition"
596:"Beyond TXU" campaign
567:Environmental impacts
396:Green Mountain Energy
285:Texas Power and Light
247:of the United States
143:Electricity retailing
53:32.783139; -96.799106
1698:Simon & Schuster
1571:Colonial First State
1421:ProSiebenSat.1 Media
744:Edison International
317:The Energy Group plc
255:for $ 9 billion but
172:energyfutureholdings
1586:Health & retail
1361:Jerome Kohlberg Jr.
1264:Souder, Elizabeth.
1219:Souder, Elizabeth.
1120:Lee Loftis, Randy.
64:
44: /
1667:NXP Semiconductors
1411:Laureate Education
1396:Bharti Enterprises
929:The New York Times
574:Big Brown (closed)
551:Financial problems
539:electricity market
521:power transmission
515:, an independent,
291:, a subsidiary of
279:and areas west of
253:Berkshire Hathaway
1857:
1856:
1807:
1806:
1630:Colonial Pipeline
1469:Arnott's Biscuits
1426:Sealy Corporation
1371:George R. Roberts
1158:. Bloomberg News.
1106:. Bloomberg News.
787:
786:
533:, an independent
243:protection under
180:
179:
16:(Redirected from
1947:
1847:
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1688:John Laing Group
1672:Oriental Brewery
1650:Marelli Holdings
1459:
1431:Seven West Media
1416:Nielsen Holdings
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1285:Official website
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1087:. 21 March 2001.
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1004:. 8 August 2000.
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643:Companies portal
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623:school districts
347:in the state of
329:United Utilities
293:General Electric
226:leveraged buyout
210:leveraged buyout
187:electric utility
176:
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91:Electric utility
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360:Champion Energy
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308:Texas Utilities
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249:Bankruptcy Code
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126:, United States
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1277:External links
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1253:on 2013-06-28.
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1180:. Sierra Club.
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1040:. 8 July 2000.
1038:New York Times
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983:"Waiting Game"
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931:. 7 July 2017.
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372:Entrust Energy
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1789:El Paso Corp
1634:
1614:Pets at Home
1520:BMC Software
1474:Borden Dairy
1455:Subsidiaries
1366:Henry Kravis
1259:
1251:the original
1240:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:the original
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877:PacerMonitor
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837:. 2018-03-16
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306:. In 1945,
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191:Energy Plaza
182:
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116:Energy Plaza
112:Headquarters
77:Company type
29:
1940:Vistra Corp
1799:RJR Nabisco
1508:Electronics
1441:Toys "R" Us
1389:Investments
779:Xcel Energy
754:FirstEnergy
739:Duke Energy
535:unregulated
474:TPG Capital
440:natural gas
436:electricity
424:natural gas
392:Gexa Energy
368:Texas Power
345:natural gas
341:electricity
313:TU Electric
218:TPG Capital
157:TPG Capital
51: /
1864:Categories
1794:Legg Mason
1756:Free Press
1640:KION Group
1577:First Data
1231:2013-04-24
948:2017-12-10
909:29 October
882:29 October
841:2018-03-18
791:References
729:Con Edison
699:components
498:Chapter 11
490:TXU Energy
488:, leaving
277:Fort Worth
241:bankruptcy
230:TXU Energy
39:96°47′57″W
36:32°46′59″N
1751:Threshold
1559:Financial
1545:Trainline
1540:OverDrive
1156:Bloomberg
1104:Bloomberg
968:The Times
563:in 2009.
517:regulated
455:Capgemini
448:CLP Group
325:Australia
1849:Category
1731:Pimsleur
1721:Scribner
1711:Atheneum
1494:US Foods
1406:Capsugel
1354:Founders
1292:Luminant
629:See also
619:Luminant
545:Luminant
486:Luminant
444:Victoria
364:Dynowatt
245:Title 11
195:Downtown
131:Products
87:Industry
1812:Related
1779:Aricent
1706:Aladdin
1645:Legrand
1489:Upfield
1436:TDC A/S
835:Reuters
281:Abilene
263:History
206:nuclear
167:Website
97:Founded
81:Private
1784:Borden
1772:Former
1746:Pocket
1741:Howard
1736:37 INK
1662:Maxeda
1515:Alludo
987:Forbes
769:Sempra
749:Exelon
476:, and
468:firms
402:, and
283:; and
185:is an
120:Dallas
101:Dallas
1610:(60%)
1573:(55%)
1550:Yageo
1446:Visma
1297:Oncor
1020:(PDF)
873:(PDF)
349:Texas
149:Owner
124:Texas
105:Texas
1830:film
1566:CICC
1499:Wild
1462:Food
911:2015
884:2015
764:PSEG
523:and
438:and
343:and
300:grid
220:and
204:and
202:coal
174:.com
1525:DZS
709:AES
470:KKR
212:by
193:in
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