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Opponents also argue that the statute has also been overridden and rendered moot by later legislation that was enacted by
Congress, the Act which admitted Texas into the Union as a state. The text of the subsequent Texas Admission Act, signed on 29 December 1845, states that Texas would be admitted
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Opponents argue that there was no such "pre-approval" granted to Texas by
Congress within the statute and that the Constitution requires future congressional approval of any new states that are proposed to be formed from what is now the state of Texas. According to opponents, the statute does not
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expressly prohibits any other state from dividing up and forming smaller states without congressional approval. The relevant section states "New states may be admitted by the
Congress into this union; but no new states shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any
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Proponents of the right of Texas to divide itself to create new states without congressional approval argue that the resolution of 1845, a bill which passed both houses of
Congress, stands as congressional "pre-approval" under the terms of the Constitution for formation of such new states. That
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to the United States in 1845 allowed up to four new States, in addition to the State of Texas, to be formed out of the territory of the former
Republic of Texas. This was due to the fact that Texas was the largest state in the Union at the time and in belief that the population would be shared
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Third – New States of convenient size not exceeding four in number, in addition to said State of Texas and having sufficient population, may, hereafter by the consent of said State, be formed out of the territory thereof, which shall be entitled to admission under the provisions of the
Federal
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wrote an article covering the topic of dividing Texas. He argued that a division could slightly help
Republicans in the Senate while slightly hurting them in the Electoral College, ultimately concluding that there was not much rationale for either political party to support such a division.
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Texas would then be admitted under
Reconstruction plans. The new territories would join when they were considered able to function as states. A competing plan from the state in 1871 proposed a north, east, south, and west division. Neither legislature made final approval of either plan.
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to the Union "on an equal footing with the original States in all respects whatever," which moots any supposed special right for Texas to divide itself up into five states without the future approval of
Congress in accordance to Article V, Section 3, of the US Constitution.
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that sought the additional government positions that the division of Texas would provide. So the readmittance
Constitutional Convention led to five plans being introduced and additional plans of division lines. In the end, the Convention adopted no plan.
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In 1935, in response to what proponents felt was lack of state attention to road infrastructure, A. P. Sights proposed that 46 northern Texas counties and 23 western Oklahoma counties secede to form a new, roughly rectangular state called
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argues that splitting Texas, and California, in two will be one effective way of solving the disproportionate influence of the two biggest states in the electoral college to facilitate a more proportional state-wide representation.
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from Texas. This plan never made it out of the committee. Instead, the Howard Bill was introduced calling for two territories and future states, Jefferson and Matagorda, to be formed from Texas. Texas east of the
240:, discussion of the division question was renewed in 1914. Proponents believed that, as the western part of Texas had grown in population, it should thus have gotten more representation, but this was dismissed by
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in both area and population, Texas is too large to be governed efficiently as one political unit or that in several states, Texans would gain more power at the federal level, particularly in the
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grant Texas any congressional "pre-approval" for partition, but the statute simply limits the number of new states that could be carved out of the annexed Texas territory to four.
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state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress."
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The division of the state of Texas was frequently proposed in the early decades of Texan statehood, particularly in the decades immediately prior to and following the
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Constitution; and such states as may be formed out of the territory lying south of thirty-six degrees thirty minutes north latitude, commonly known as the
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into as many as five states, as some considered to be statutorily permitted by a provision included in the resolution admitting the former
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proposed division into two southern states, with the assent of Texas, in February 1850. New Mexico would get all Texas land north of the
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Support grew for the State of Jefferson in 1921 with the governor's veto over an agricultural and mechanical college to be located in
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The State of Lincoln was proposed in 1869, to be carved out of the territory of Texas from the area south and west of the state's
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Texas divisionists argue that the division of their state could be desirable because, as the second-largest state in the
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The Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States, approved by Congress on March 1, 1845, states:
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in which each state gets two electoral votes for their senators in addition to an electoral vote for each
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into two Southern states, balancing the admission of California and New Mexico as free states.
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The "division of the state" issue continued over the years with an additional plan in 1906.
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would have been a new state formed by one of two plans for the division of the State of
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In a 2019 Yale lecture series called "Power and Politics in Today's World", Professor
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With no plan from the Texas Convention, a Congressional plan was drafted to create a
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equally between the planned states. With a few division plans drawn up before the
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blog on the political implications of a hypothetical modern-day division of Texas
475:"Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States Approved March 1, 1845"
344:"Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States Approved March 1, 1845"
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is a mainly historical movement that advocates the division of the U.S. state of
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state senate districts. With only six senators supporting the bill, it failed.
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500:, accessed July 06, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
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The boundaries of the State of Lincoln overlaying present-day Texas counties
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517:. The Daily Banner, Greencastle, Indiana (United Press). June 12, 1935
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Hoosier State Chronicles: Indiana's Digital Historic Newspaper Program
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since each state elects two senators, and by extension in the
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With no reapportionment of representatives following the
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interpretation of the statute is disputed by opponents.
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Article IV, Section 3, of the United States Constitution
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Historical movement to divide Texas into several states
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Proposed states and territories of the United States
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Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association
511:"Proposal Made to Create 49th State of Texlahoma"
616:Snopes.com entry on the history of the proposal
477:. Texas State Libraries and Archive Commission.
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358:"Article IV | U.S. Constitution"
437:W. J. Spillman (January 1904).
564:Silver, Nate (24 April 2009).
536:Trinklein, Mike (5 May 2010).
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538:"Lost States: Texlahoma"
498:Handbook of Texas Online
390:"Texas Statehood Issues"
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46:U.S. Senate
637:Categories
423:2020-11-09
399:2020-10-20
325:References
273:West Texas
458:from the
296:In 2009,
286:Texlahoma
279:Texlahoma
196:Civil War
127:John Bell
313:See also
598:YouTube
187:annexed
121:In the
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