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environment is notorious for its emulation of certain EGA/VGA text mode features, particularly random access to the text buffer, even if the application runs in a window. On the other hand, programs running under
Windows (both native and DOS applications) have much less control of the display and
925:
and is activated with a mouse middle-click. Text displayed anywhere on the screen can be edited, and if formatted with the required command syntax, can be middle-clicked and executed. Any text file containing suitably-formatted commands can be used as a so-called
909:, first released in 1988 and still maintained. Unlike most other text-based user interfaces, Oberon does not use a text-mode console or terminal, but requires a large bit-mapped display, on which text is the primary target for mouse clicks. Analogous to a
930:, thus serving as a user-configurable menu. Even the output of a previous command can be edited and used as a new command. This approach is radically different from both conventional dialogue-oriented console menus or
803:, typically accessed through a Ctrl-Alt-F key combination. For example, under Linux up to 64 consoles may be accessed (12 via function keys), each displaying in full-screen text mode.
441:
Most often those programs used a blue background for the main screen, with white or yellow characters, although commonly they had also user color customization. They often used
437:. A more precise cursor (per-pixel resolution) was achieved by regenerating the glyphs of characters used where the cursor was visible, at each mouse movement in real-time.
1510:
988:
are capable of displaying TUI on a monitor like personal computers. This functionality is usually implemented using specialized integrated circuits, modules, or using
873:). The feature is intended for running jobs, parallel builds, or tests, but can also be used (with window splits and tab pages) as a lightweight terminal multiplexer.
280:. This usually supports programs which expect a real text mode display, but may run considerably slower. Certain functions of an advanced text mode, such as an own
693:
led to more widespread use of "visual" Unix programs, which occupied the entire terminal screen instead of using a simple line interface. This can be seen in
1457:
60:
1270:
846:
text editor can run a shell inside of one of its buffers to provide similar functionality. There are several shell implementations in Emacs, but only
373:
movements and color changes. However, not all terminals follow this standard, and many non-compatible but functionally equivalent sequences exist.
233:'s point of view, a text screen (and communications with it) can belong to one of three types (here ordered in order of decreasing accessibility):
568:
and TUI programs. The console usually opens in window mode, but it can be switched to full, true text mode screen and vice versa by pressing the
1020:
8-bit computers was advanced in its market segment for its time. Users could move the cursor over the entire screen area, entering and editing
889:
known as the Screen
Management facility or SMG. This could be invoked from the command line or called from programs using the SMG$ library.
1786:
1757:
354:
1164:
949:, it is referred to as a Text User Interface or TUI. For a short introduction, see the 2nd paragraph on page four of the first published
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79:
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only emulate command lines and TUI programs will complain "Terminal is not fully functional" or display a garbled interface. The
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input was added – either at text resolution as a simple colored box or at graphical resolution thanks to the ability of the
86:
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driver could process standard ANSI escape sequences. However, programmers soon learned that writing data directly to the
1972:
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brought many former DOS users to a Unix-like platform, which has fostered a DOS influence in many TUIs. The program
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keys together. Full-screen mode is not available in
Windows Vista and later, but may be used with some workarounds.
1727:
1566:
1443:
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311:. This is the worst case, because software restrictions hinder the use of capabilities of a remote display device.
245:
or the central processor itself. This is a normal condition for a locally running application on various types of
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1233:(Technical report). ETH Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Institut für Informatik. Vol. 88.
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programming environment included
Commando, a TUI shell. It was the inspiration for BBEdit's shell worksheet.
789:
369:). Escape sequences may be supported for all three cases mentioned in the above section, allowing arbitrary
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provides for managing multiple sessions inside a single TUI, and so can be thought of as being like a
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keyboard than Linux and DOS programs can have, because of aforementioned
Windows console layer.
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created a portable and stable API for which to write TUIs. The ability to talk to various
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Screenshot of the desktop of an Oberon System showing an image and several text viewers
815:
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for details. This change in programming methods resulted in many DOS TUI programs. The
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and other inputs. They may also use color and often structure the display using
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character set, which included character glyphs suitable for making a TUI.
656:
operating systems, TUIs are often constructed using the terminal control
410:
261:
190:
1179:"Microsoft unveils Windows Terminal, a new command line app for Windows"
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27:
Type of interface based on outputting to or controlling a text display
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includes a console to display DOS software. Later versions added the
550:
304:
257:, a smart program may exploit the full power of a hardware text mode.
1435:
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is suitable for running TUI programs. The other common shell modes,
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and many others. Some of these interfaces survived even during the
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1021:
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201:, before the advent of bitmapped displays and modern conventional
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was far faster and simpler to program, and less error-prone; see
1000:
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819:
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Most Unix-like operating systems (Linux, FreeBSD, etc.) support
409:
system calls provide a way to write text on the screen, and the
402:
1439:
1252:
1909:
942:
738:
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to any of the three cases because the same interface (namely,
36:
291:. The communication capabilities usually become reduced to a
941:, only plain text, but offers comparable functionality to a
648:
btop - task manager utility for Linux and other unix-like OS
749:
library, performing many of the functions associated with
1003:, FPGA designs usually allow direct video memory access.
753:
within the application. Custom TUI applications based on
1167:. Social.technet.microsoft.com. Retrieved on 2013-06-15.
784:, for example, is modeled after the popular DOS program
365:
that can be used to drive terminals to create TUIs (see
217:
such as ┌ and ╣. The modern context of use is usually a
995:
Video circuits or modules are usually controlled using
839:
function that works as a full-screen shell window. The
1065:-based text interface on a full-page pivoting display.
905:
Another kind of TUI is the primary interface of the
549:
6.0 compiler, used to write true GUI programs under
1902:
1839:
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1519:
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1286:
449:. Later, the interface became deeply influenced by
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1054:, a set of graphical glyphs used for making a TUI.
671:(a mostly compatible library), or the alternative
205:(GUIs). Like modern GUIs, they can use the entire
185:, to reflect a dependence upon the properties of
980:Embedded system displaying menu on an LCD screen
869:text editors have terminal windows (simulating
284:uploading, almost certainly become unavailable.
1197:"OpenVMS RTL Screen Management (SMG$ ) Manual"
491:redefine the text character shapes by software
1451:
1264:
8:
545:period in the early 1990s. For example, the
818:for text-mode and command-line interfaces.
1678:
1586:
1458:
1444:
1436:
1271:
1257:
1249:
331:) controls the display and keyboard. See
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
896:
643:
631:
496:Some notable programs of this kind were
493: – providing additional functions.
380:
157:
138:
1157:
788:. Some other TUI programs, such as the
776:In addition, the rise in popularity of
342:are available to help developers build
636:Snapshot of 'XFdrake', a TUI used in
624:, and other Windows-based terminals.
355:American National Standards Institute
165:is a very widely used TUI text editor
7:
295:or its emulation, possibly with few
65:adding citations to reliable sources
1165:cmd prompt full screen in Windows 7
616:text-based apps on Windows, within
757:can be easily developed using the
713:, system management tools such as
25:
1109:Examples of programming libraries
962:Acme text editor and email client
741:, and older versions of pine and
640:to configure the graphical system
401:, the Basic Input Output System (
1562:Object-oriented operating system
1288:Natural-language user interfaces
937:Since it does not use graphical
553:Windows, still has its own TUI.
197:(UI) common as an early form of
41:
1087:Natural-language user interface
1041:Macintosh Programmer's Workshop
597:and later as a replacement for
377:Under DOS and Microsoft Windows
52:needs additional citations for
1572:Supercomputer operating system
1146:Early versions of Visual Basic
608:which was added to Windows by
1:
1311:Conversational user interface
999:-compatible command set over
960:influenced the design of the
737:. Some applications, such as
339:
1547:Just enough operating system
1532:Distributed operating system
1115:curses (programming library)
885:) had a similar facility to
350:On ANSI-compatible terminals
332:
1660:User space and kernel space
1177:Warren, Tom (May 6, 2019).
951:Report on the Oberon System
917:, a command has the format
677:library. The advent of the
606:Windows Subsystem for Linux
335:for comparison to Windows.
76:"Text-based user interface"
1994:
1567:Real-time operating system
1224:; Gutknecht, JĂĽrg (1988).
1024:program lines, as well as
612:in 2019, supports running
564:as a native interface for
489:(VGA) display adapters to
361:defines a standard set of
323:systems, a program easily
199:human–computer interaction
175:text-based user interfaces
29:
1763:Multilevel feedback queue
1758:Fixed-priority preemptive
1542:Hobbyist operating system
1537:Embedded operating system
1425:Multimodal user interface
1415:Text-based user interface
1331:Graphical user interfaces
527:(the latter included the
483:Enhanced Graphics Adapter
451:graphical user interfaces
340:TUI programming libraries
303:channel in such cases as
253:. If not deterred by the
241:display, controlled by a
203:graphical user interfaces
189:and not just text), is a
1806:General protection fault
1557:Network operating system
1511:User features comparison
1239:10.3929/ethz-a-000487176
1132:, a widget-based toolkit
1061:computer of 1982 used a
1028:commands. All Commodore
881:VAX/VMS (later known as
419:VGA-compatible text mode
183:terminal user interfaces
30:Not to be confused with
1552:Mobile operating system
1367:Tangible user interface
932:command-line interfaces
907:Oberon operating system
628:Under Unix-like systems
276:(in a window mode) for
225:Types of text terminals
1655:Loadable kernel module
1420:Natural user interface
1344:Zooming user interface
1076:Command-line interface
981:
902:
649:
641:
566:command-line interface
443:box-drawing characters
438:
395:IBM Personal Computers
390:
215:box-drawing characters
166:
155:
32:Command-line interface
1723:Process control block
1689:Computer multitasking
1527:Disk operating system
1408:Other user interfaces
1354:Touch user interfaces
1306:Voice user interfaces
979:
966:Plan 9 from Bell Labs
947:tiling window manager
900:
689:types using the same
647:
635:
432:
384:
193:describing a type of
161:
142:
1894:Virtual tape library
1486:Forensic engineering
1094:, a game using a TUI
487:Video Graphics Array
270:X Window System
209:area and may accept
61:improve this article
18:Text-based interface
1973:Text user interface
1903:Supporting concepts
1889:Virtual file system
1399:Positional tracking
1082:Console application
1032:computers used the
972:In embedded systems
389:Edit user interface
1826:Segmentation fault
1674:Process management
1377:3D user interfaces
1014:full screen editor
982:
968:operating system.
903:
822:can also do this.
769:program (based on
761:program (based on
745:use the less-able
650:
642:
593:has developed for
475:keyboard shortcuts
439:
391:
247:personal computers
187:computer terminals
167:
156:
151:Midnight Commander
1960:
1959:
1816:Memory protection
1787:Memory management
1781:
1780:
1773:Shortest job next
1668:
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1467:Operating systems
1433:
1432:
1316:Virtual assistant
1227:The Oberon System
919:Module.Procedure
587:terminal emulator
558:Microsoft Windows
556:Since its start,
278:Microsoft Windows
219:terminal emulator
147:implement a TUI (
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16:(Redirected from
1985:
1915:Computer network
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986:embedded systems
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825:The proprietary
801:virtual consoles
622:Windows Terminal
580:Windows Terminal
510:Norton Commander
433:Mouse cursor in
367:ANSI escape code
363:escape sequences
357:(ANSI) standard
344:TUI applications
329:standard streams
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231:text application
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599:Windows Console
562:Windows console
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435:Impulse Tracker
423:Windows console
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264:. Examples are
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792:desktop, were
638:Mandriva Linux
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498:Microsoft Word
457:, overlapping
453:(GUI), adding
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72:Find sources:
66:
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50:This article
48:
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1846:file systems
1738:Time-sharing
1414:
1321:Voice search
1226:
1216:
1205:. Retrieved
1200:
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1141:Turbo Vision
1063:function key
1018:Commodore 64
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731:web browsers
703:mail clients
695:text editors
678:
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584:multi-tabbed
578:
555:
543:Windows 3.1x
521:Turbo Pascal
514:Turbo Vision
495:
469:operated by
463:dialog boxes
440:
392:
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325:accommodates
314:
309:Secure Shell
260:A text mode
228:
182:
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59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1864:Device file
1854:Boot loader
1768:Round-robin
1693:Cooperative
1629:Rump kernel
1619:Multikernel
1609:Microkernel
1506:Usage share
1362:Multi-touch
1026:direct mode
835:includes a
830:text editor
547:Microsoft C
536:Lotus 1-2-3
506:WordPerfect
467:GUI widgets
399:compatibles
301:out-of-band
293:serial line
1967:Categories
1794:protection
1750:algorithms
1748:Scheduling
1697:Preemptive
1643:Components
1614:Monolithic
1481:Comparison
1207:2021-01-01
1152:References
1007:Other uses
921:parameters
812:GNU Screen
765:), or the
727:Sysinstall
691:interfaces
595:Windows 10
485:(EGA) and
359:ANSI X3.64
319:and other
299:()s as an
237:A genuine
87:newspapers
1884:Partition
1801:Bus error
1728:Real-time
1708:Interrupt
1634:Unikernel
1599:Exokernel
1385:Augmented
1183:The Verge
1052:MouseText
956:Oberon's
928:tool text
915:hypertext
848:ansi-term
654:Unix-like
610:Microsoft
591:Microsoft
540:Microsoft
502:DOS Shell
471:mnemonics
445:in IBM's
321:Unix-like
287:A remote
239:text mode
171:computing
1930:Live USB
1792:resource
1682:Concepts
1520:Variants
1501:Timeline
1070:See also
1048:Apple II
1039:Apple's
964:for the
810:program
767:Whiptail
733:such as
705:such as
697:such as
411:ANSI.SYS
262:emulator
191:retronym
1925:Live CD
1879:Journal
1843:access,
1841:Storage
1718:Process
1624:vkernel
1491:History
1474:General
1339:Widgets
1296:Chatbot
1201:hpe.com
1120:ncurses
1034:PETSCII
1016:of the
984:Modern
945:with a
939:widgets
923: ~
883:OpenVMS
877:OpenVMS
782:minicom
763:ncurses
755:widgets
747:termcap
723:FreeBSD
668:ncurses
658:library
532:library
525:Turbo C
518:Borland
477:. Soon
459:windows
387:FreeDOS
101:scholar
1733:Thread
1604:Hybrid
1582:Kernel
1203:. 2001
1136:S-Lang
1046:Later
893:Oberon
887:curses
867:Neovim
856:eshell
833:BBEdit
796:over.
794:ported
771:S-Lang
759:dialog
751:curses
679:curses
674:S-Lang
662:curses
551:16-bit
516:based
405:) and
371:cursor
315:Under
305:Telnet
207:screen
149:here:
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1935:Shell
1874:Inode
1231:(PDF)
1078:(CLI)
1030:8-bit
1022:BASIC
997:VT100
871:xterm
852:shell
844:Emacs
827:macOS
786:Telix
778:Linux
665:, or
614:Linux
589:that
582:is a
574:Enter
529:conio
479:mouse
338:Many
333:below
317:Linux
297:ioctl
266:xterm
229:From
211:mouse
143:Some
108:JSTOR
94:books
1496:List
1387:and
1130:Newt
1057:The
1012:The
1001:UART
990:FPGA
911:link
865:and
860:free
854:and
841:free
820:Tmux
806:The
790:Twin
735:lynx
729:and
715:SMIT
711:mutt
707:pine
604:The
572:and
523:and
465:and
403:BIOS
397:and
385:The
307:and
282:font
272:and
268:for
249:and
80:news
1952:PXE
1940:CLI
1920:HAL
1910:API
1713:IPC
1235:doi
1125:CDK
1103:MDA
943:GUI
913:in
863:Vim
773:).
739:w3m
725:'s
719:SAM
709:or
652:In
601:.
570:Alt
534:),
473:or
407:DOS
393:On
346:.
179:TUI
169:In
163:Vim
63:by
1969::
1695:,
1199:.
1181:.
992:.
958:UI
953:.
934:.
743:vi
721:,
717:,
701:,
699:vi
620:,
512:,
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461:,
221:.
173:,
1789:,
1699:)
1691:(
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177:(
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115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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