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writing that the edits made using
Photoshop could be registered but that the portion of the image created using Midjourney and Gigapixel AI had to be excluded. Allen filed a second request for reconsideration on July 12, 2023, arguing that case law as well as public policy reasons supported registration of the image.
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The digital art category had 11 participants, with 18 images in total. Allen submitted three images and disclosed that he used
Midjourney to create them. The two judges for the category later said they did not know that Midjourney used AI to generate images, but that they would have awarded Allen the
243:
In
December 2022, the Copyright Office issued a first formal refusal, noting that the image included "inextricably merged, inseparable contribution" from Allen and Midjourney. In January 2023, Allen filed a first request for reconsideration. In June 2023, the Copyright Office continued the refusal,
274:
The category was for "Emerging
Artists" (as opposed to "Professional Artists") and was called "Digital Arts/Digitally-Manipulated Photography", where "Digital Arts" was defined as: "Artistic practice that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentation
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of the image was AI-generated and the rules "exclude works produced by non-humans". This decision continued the
Copyright Office's previous guidance given in respect to AI. Allen insists he will continue to try to gain copyright registration.
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216:. He responded: "I'm not going to apologize for it. I won, and I didn't break any rules." The next year, the 2023 Colorado State Fair required participants to disclose if they used AI for their submission.
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Wilson, Suzanne V.; Strong, Maria; Rubel, Jordana; et al. (U.S. Copyright Office Review Board) (September 5, 2023).
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491:"An AI-Generated Artwork Won First Place at a State Fair Fine Arts Competition, and Artists Are Pissed"
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were upset. They wrote that Allen didn't deserve to win, comparing it to robots participating at the
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On
September 5, 2023, the Copyright Office Review Board made a final determination and found that
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top prize anyway. One judge, art historian Dagny McKinley, said the image reminded her of
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312:"Explained: The controversy surrounding the AI-generated artwork that won US competition"
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636:"An old master? No, it's an image AI just knocked up ... and it can't be copyrighted"
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Though there was little contention about the image at the fair, some artists on
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93:, 'Space Opera Theater') is an image created by Jason Michael Allen with the
608:"Art Made With A.I. Won a State Fair Last Year. Now, the Rules Are Changing"
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403:"AI and Heritage: A Discussion on Rethinking Heritage in a Digital World"
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160:-themed entries submitted by Allen to the competition. One is called
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for
Midjourney to create the initial image. He then edited it with
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category on August 29, becoming one of the first images made using
366:"An A.I.-Generated Picture Won an Art Prize. Artists Aren't Happy"
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An earlier version of the image, created using only
Midjourney
679:"Why This Award-Winning Piece of AI Art Can't Be Copyrighted"
574:"He used AI to win a fine-arts competition. Was it cheating?"
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On
September 21, 2022, Allen submitted an application to the
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for display at the fair, two of which were later sold for
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was not eligible for copyright protection as more than a
187:, an art critic, said the image reminded him of work by
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Allen said he used at least 624 texts and revisions as
469:"Théâtre D'opéra Spatial Review Board Decision letter"
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2022 artwork created by Jason M. Allen with
Midjourney
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International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies
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191:. Allen had printed his three submissions on
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587:from the original on September 24, 2023
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634:Helmore, Edward (September 24, 2023).
526:. Colorado State Fair. August 5, 2022.
105:'s annual fine art competition in the
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289:Artificial intelligence and copyright
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571:Harwell, Drew (September 2, 2022).
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489:Gault, Matthew (August 31, 2022).
363:Roose, Kevin (September 2, 2022).
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606:Kuta, Sarah (September 8, 2023).
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663:United States Copyright Office
521:"2022 Fine Arts Accepted List"
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169:Théâtre de l'opéra de l'espace
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345:. Colorado State Fair. 2022.
90:[teatʁdɔpeʁaspasjal]
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101:. The image won the 2022
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419:10.46442/intjcss.1397403
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320:. September 5, 2022
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449:. August 29, 2022.
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665:. March 16, 2023.
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158:space opera
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702:October 8,
295:References
255:de minimis
99:Midjourney
86:pronounced
692:1059-1028
553:March 26,
386:March 26,
381:0362-4331
324:March 26,
317:Firstpost
275:process."
220:Copyright
97:platform
696:Archived
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413:(1): 4.
283:See also
213:Comedian
208:Olympics
126:upscaled
65:Movement
424:July 4,
204:Twitter
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193:canvas
183:while
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38:Artist
684:Wired
659:(PDF)
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262:Notes
199:750.
704:2023
688:ISSN
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547:CNN
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
