243:
255:
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1219:, the significant number of skyscrapers in North America dominated the 100 tallest buildings in the world. In 1930, 99 of the 100 tallest buildings in the world were in North America. In the future, this percentage is expected to decline to only 22 percent. The predominance of skyscrapers in North America is decreasing because of skyscraper construction in other parts of the world, especially in Asia. In Asia, there has been an increase in the number of supertall skyscrapers beginning with the completion of the
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2335:
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554:(160 m (520 ft)) both surpassed not only any older tallest building, but also the tallest structures until then, the Pyramids. They were constructed from the 12th century, reaching completion and their maximum height in the 1310s (1314 and 1311 respectively). Lincoln Cathedral's spire collapsed in 1549, and its previous height was not surpassed elsewhere for a long time.
1612:
1598:
916:
1304:(which already had a higher occupied floor than the World Trade Center) had its antenna extended to give that building the world's tallest tip a title it held until the 2010 completion of Burj Khalifa. Petronas Towers and Taipei 101 were never the world's tallest buildings by the highest–tip criterion.
1153:, in New York City. The Chrysler Building was the first building in the world to break the 300 m (980 ft) barrier, and the Empire State Building was the first building to have more than 100 floors. It stands at 381 m (1,250 ft) and has 102 floors. The next tallest skyscraper was the
1232:
Since the skyscraper era began, the great majority of skyscrapers were used predominantly as office space. From 1930 to 2000, the percentage of office towers never fell below 86 percent, but in the future it is expected to be as low as 46 percent. By 2010, fewer than half of the 100 tallest buildings
1303:
is not on the above list, but it surpassed Taipei 101 in 2008 to become the building with the highest occupied floor. Using the criterion of highest tip (including antennae), the World Trade Center in New York City was the world's tallest building from 1971 to 1973, until the Willis Tower in
Chicago
222:
should be considered the world's tallest building, the CTBUH adopted three new height criteria. When determining the height of a tall building, each of the three criteria may give a different result. "Height of the highest floor" is one criterion, and "height to the top of any part of the building"
213:
The
Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) has been generally recognized as the arbiter on the building height of skyscrapers since the mid-20th century. In the early 1970's they promulgated the criteria that height is measured "from the sidewalk of the main entrance to the structural
204:
Tall churches and cathedrals occupy a middle ground: their lower areas are regularly occupied, but much of their height is in bell towers and spires which are not. Whether a church or cathedral is a "building" or merely a "structure" for the purposes of determining the title of "world's tallest
1676:
This significant proportion can be judged as 15% or greater of either the total floor area, or the total building height in terms of number of floors occupied for the function. However, care should be taken in the case of supertall buildings. For example, a 20-story hotel function as part of a
1223:
in Hong Kong in 1990. Currently, sixty of the world's 100 tallest buildings are in Asia (including the Middle East), while all six megatall skyscrapers reside in Asia. All proposed future megatall skyscrapers are also in Asia with the exception of the Lakhta Center 2 in St. Petersburg.
1168:
In 2004, the construction of Taipei 101 brought the height of skyscrapers to a new level, standing at 508 m (1,667 ft) with 101 floors. It is 59 m (194 ft) taller than the previous record-holders, the
Petronas Towers. Burj Khalifa surpassed the height of
415:, South Korea. Completed in the 7th century, the enormous nine-storey structure was built entirely of interlocking timbers with no iron nails. It had a standing total height of 68 to 80 m (223 to 262 ft), making it the tallest structure in East Asia and the
141:
was the next to hold the record; the building's status as the world's tallest building lasted from 2004 to 2009, when it was transferred to the Burj
Khalifa, the current record-holder of 828 meters tall, upon its completion in the United Arab Emirates.
846:
The 159.7 m (524 ft) height of
Lincoln Cathedral is disputed by some, but accepted by most sources. The completion date for the spire is given as 1311 rather than 1300 by some sources. Also the 149 m (489 ft) height of the spire of
196:
in the sense of being regularly inhabited or occupied. It is in this sense of being regularly inhabited or occupied that the term "building" is generally applied when determining the world's tallest building. The non-profit international organization
1244:
Skyscrapers used primarily or exclusively as hotels or residential space are generally shorter than office and mixed-use buildings, with only a few supertall buildings of the residential or hotel types among the 100 tallest skyscrapers. The
1240:
A mixed-use tall building is defined as having two or more functions that occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not contribute towards mixed-use status.
1157:, which was completed in 1971. The North Tower was 417 m (1,368 ft) and the South Tower 415 m (1,362 ft) tall. It surpassed the height of the Empire State Building by 36 m (118 ft). Two years later the
201:(CTBUH), which maintains a set of criteria for determining the height of tall buildings, defines a "building" as "(A) structure that is designed for residential, business or manufacturing purposes" and that "has floors".
1132:
Comparison of the vanity height as defined as the difference between the pinnacle height and the height to the floor of the highest occupied top floor of some buildings that have at one point registered as the world's
1173:
by 319 m (1,047 ft) in 2009, making it 60% taller. It has broken several skyscraper records, and it is almost twice as tall as the Empire State
Building. Burj Khalifa, however has not broken the record of
2497:
1780:. Lee, Soyoung, 1971, Leidy, Denise Patry,, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.),, Samsŏng Chŏnja,, National Endowment for the Arts, Han'guk Kukche Kyoryu Chaedan. New York. p. 22.
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379:, completed around AD 200, had a height of between 120 and 170 m (390 and 560 ft). The Chinese explorer Xuanzhang described it as the tallest building in the world in his book
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1650:
1299:
The following list of tallest buildings is based on the default metric of CTBUH, that of measuring to the highest architectural element. Other criteria would generate a different list.
886:, which reached completely new heights at 300 m (980 ft) (its 24 m (79 ft) antennas were added after 1957), leaving heights of skyscrapers behind and opening up the
232:
1190:, the Burj Khalifa's highest occupiable floor is only 585 m (1,919 ft) above ground. This would still make it the tallest building in the world but only by 2 meters over the
3200:
1165:' antenna spires yet discounting the Sears Tower's antennae, the former rose 10 meters above the latter, standing at a height of 452 m (1,483 ft) and each having 88 floors.
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3170:
125:
housing the tallest building for 86 years and
Chicago housing it for 30 years. After just over a century (1885–1998), the distinction of the world's tallest building moved to
2614:
566:
in
Beauvais was tallest from 1569 until it collapsed in 1573, making St. Mary's the tallest once again. In 1647, the bell tower of St. Mary's burned down, making the shorter
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3461:
242:
78:, which was completed in approximately 280 BC, has been estimated to have been 100 m (330 ft) tall, but its true height is not known. For thousands of years, the
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223:
is another, but the default criterion used by the CTBUH is "height of the architectural top of the building", which includes spires but not antennae, masts or flag poles.
1726:
3260:
3049:
3435:
3250:
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was built in
Chicago, standing at 442 m (1,450 ft) with 110 floors, surpassing the height of the World Trade Center by 25 m (82 ft). Counting the
390:
stupa, constructed in the 3rd century, measured 122 m (400 ft) from its construction until the 11th century. Its current height is 71 m (233 ft).
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434:. They were one of the tallest wooden buildings in the world at the time. By the 14th century, both were burned down by fires caused by war or lightning strikes.
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343:
1946:
915:
3634:
2843:
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in 1890 that the world's tallest building was again also the tallest building ever constructed, surpassing the original configuration of
Lincoln Cathedral.
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3034:
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from floor to top of 43.45 m (142.6 ft), which exactly corresponds to the diameter of its interior space and was only slightly surpassed by the
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in 1884, the world's tallest structure has generally not simultaneously been the world's tallest building. The exception is 1930 through 1954 when the
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Construction was completed in 1889... At the time of its completion, at 167.5 meters in height, it was the tallest masonry building in all of Europe.
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171:, at an original height of 146.5 m (481 ft), was the tallest structure in the world for over 3,800 years, until the construction of
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Since the completion of the first skyscraper taller than 150 m (490 ft) (depending on the definition of skyscraper, 1894 with the
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in the world until Lincoln Cathedral of 1311, but the Great Pyramid is not considered a building since it is not habitable. Similarly, the
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became the tallest church ever built, but it was the last church to claim the position of tallest building, which eventually went to the
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and mixed use. Only four of the ten tallest buildings in the world, and twenty-eight of the top fifty, were used primarily as offices.
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had already overtaken the long-standing record held by churches. But five years later in 1889 it was significantly surpassed by the
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oil platform as the tallest structure. It has a record-breaking height of 1,432 metres (4,698 feet). However the majority of the
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525:
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churches and cathedrals. Prior to then, the tallest buildings in the world cannot be conclusively determined. For instance, the
1734:
1300:
1220:
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555:
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had a height of between 103 and 118 m (338 and 387 ft) and existed between the 3rd century BC and 14th century AD.
259:
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Early tall buildings were similar to the record-setting Egyptian pyramid structures. In 1400 BC the 70 m (230 ft)
962:
held the record for the world's tallest free-standing structure for 32 years from 1975 until 2007 when it was surpassed by
562:
became the world's tallest building after the collapse of the Lincoln spire. The 153 m (502 ft) central tower of
530:
17:
3563:
3114:
2022:
512:, completed some time before 1185, was originally 70 m (230 ft) tall, later raised to 92 m (302 ft).
129:, which was the first country to break the United States' record of constructing the tallest buildings in the world when
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After the construction of the first skyscraper taller than 150 m (490 ft), depending on definition the
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986:
438:
36:
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in 1908, the incrementation in the height category of supertall skyscrapers began with the construction of the
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328:
75:
1695:
Clayton, Peter A. (2013). "Chapter 7: The Pharos at Alexandria". In Peter A. Clayton; Martin J. Price (eds.).
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In the 8th century, two seven-storied pagodas with a height of 100 m (330 ft) were constructed at
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building" is a subjective matter of definition (this article treats churches and cathedrals as buildings).
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992:
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Rasch, Jürgen (1985), "Die Kuppel in der römischen Architektur. Entwicklung, Formgebung, Konstruktion",
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in 1894, the first skyscraper taller than 150 m (490 ft) (or, depending on definition, the
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top of the building including penthouse and tower." In 1996, during the controversy over whether the
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2085:"Column: The same people who demoted Willis Tower could strip Chicago of another skyscraper title"
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150-story tower does not comply with the 15% rule, though this would clearly constitute mixed use.
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in the world at the time of its construction. It was destroyed by invading Mongol forces in 1238.
150:
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1803:
1400:
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and, still later, some radio masts and television towers, were the world's tallest structures.
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1979:
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was the world's tallest structure from 1889, when it was built, but not the tallest building.
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reached at various times and locations heights of 30 m (98 ft) (as in the city of
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179:(capped in 1884) the world's tallest structures were churches or cathedrals. Later, the
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1191:
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in 2010, it is the world's tallest building and world's tallest structure of any kind.
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1919:
The Cathedrals of England: an account of some of their distinguishing characteristics
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1362:
1216:
1187:
508:, completed in 1106, reach a height of 71.3 m (234 ft). The still-standing
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122:
118:
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460:, completed in 1010 is 66 m (217 ft) tall, slightly taller and older than
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289:
219:
106:
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if it is 300 m (980 ft) or taller. The CTBUH defines a building as a
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with a height of about 137 m (449 ft) to 155 m (509 ft) in
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1029:. Buildings that have been specifically called the first skyscrapers include:
728:
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63:
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2282:"Tallest single-function office buildings in the world (as of December 2009)"
2160:
2133:
1795:
954:, which was later surpassed by a succession of structures, starting with the
491:, includes a spire and orbs. It was completed under the reign of the Berber
2291:. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. December 2009. Archived from
887:
704:
657:
559:
484:
384:
317:
309:
263:
1848:
Hidden History: Lost Civilizations, Secret Knowledge, and Ancient Mysteries
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1992:
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Churches and Cathedra: Tallest buildings between the 13th and 20th century
163:
The earliest structures now known to be the tallest in the world were the
680:
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192:
126:
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1611:
966:, and was the world's tallest tower until 2009 when it was surpassed by
407:, or Hwangnyong Temple, and sometimes spelled Hwangryongsa, is a former
2310:"Search results - tallest completed residential buildings (as of 2018)"
1500:
1093:
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were churches or cathedrals from the 13th/14th century until 1884, and
492:
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297:
117:. For the next century, the world's tallest building was always in the
98:
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1974:
1548:
1022:
495:
134:
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was built in 1180 and reached a height of 131 m (430 ft).
2191:. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 2008. Archived from
250:, Guatemala, a 72 m (236 ft) tall temple built in 300 BC.
1572:
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332:
321:
268:
253:
241:
149:
83:
32:
2149:"IN THE NEW YORK REGION; The Lost Skyscrapers of Bygone New York"
1997:
Museo Nazionale del Cinema (Italian National Film Museum) website
855:(1632–1723), who suggested a height of 140 m (460 ft).
39:" has been held by various buildings in modern times, including
1825:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Cathedral Church of Lincoln"
1040:
tall, 5 floors, first use of a passenger elevator, built in 1857
950:
in 1930, and in 1931 the Chrysler Building was surpassed by the
894:(319 m (1,047 ft)) in 1930 and fully overtaken by the
300:(91 m (299 ft)) followed. The 70 m (230 ft)
2414:
534:
An 1850 comparison of the height of 30 notable world structures
70:
1311 and 1884 the tallest buildings and structures were mostly
851:, destroyed by lightning in 1561, is disputed, for example by
825:
2055:"The Birth of Height: What was the World's First Skyscraper?"
2023:"Which is taller, the Chrysler Building or the Eiffel Tower?"
2215:"Magnolia TLP Oil Platform - the World's Tallest Structure?"
1060:
tall, 9 floors, built in 1875, expanded in 1907 to 19 floors
890:
era, whose heights were only reached by the pinnacle of the
2390:
These are the world's tallest structures throughout history
878:
Among all structures, in 1884 the 169 m (554 ft)
18:
The tallest buildings in the world past, present and future
1096:, 68.3 m (224 ft) tall, 16 floors, built in 1891
393:
Another short-lived structure was the 6th-century wooden
2336:"Search results - tallest completed hotels (as of 2018)"
1651:
List of tallest structures built before the 20th century
1233:
in the world were office towers, the majority being for
1102:, 66 m (217 ft) tall, 17 floors, built in 1891
233:
List of tallest structures built before the 20th century
1949:. Institute of Public Affairs Australia. Archived from
644:
Tallest building ever until 1890. Spire collapsed 1549
342:
in Rome, finished in the early 2nd century CE, has an
27:
The tallest building in the world, as of 2024, is the
2118:. Victoria, Australia: The Images Publishing Group.
1295:
Skyscraper § History of the tallest skyscrapers
3539:
3454:
3191:
3143:
3132:
3007:
2565:
2480:
2471:
1215:Since the early skyscraper boom that took place in
1025:) or even up to 100 m (330 ft) among the
1933:"A Brief History of the World's Tallest Buildings"
999:), skyscrapers have consistently been the tallest
1727:"Height: The History of Measuring Tall Buildings"
1178:. In 2009, Guinness World Records recognised the
2362:"Philadelphia City Hall - The Skyscraper Center"
1720:
1718:
1106:Later record-setting early skyscrapers include:
3599:List of visionary tall buildings and structures
620:Final completion in 1314. Spire collapsed 1561
361:, reaches a height of 55 m (180 ft).
175:in 1311. From then until the completion of the
1211:Supertall and Megatall skyscrapers by location
1194:, a substantially smaller margin than before.
2426:
2342:. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
2316:. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
2257:"Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat"
1206:if it is 600 m (1970 ft) or taller.
546:until the beginning of the 20th century. The
437:In 1057, the 100 m (330 ft) wooden
8:
2399:100 Tallest Completed Buildings in the World
1731:Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
199:Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
3140:
2477:
2433:
2419:
2411:
1808:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1776:Lee, Soyoung; Leidy, Denise Patry (2013).
1306:
925:A history of the world's tallest buildings
579:
2189:"The History of Measuring Tall Buildings"
1902:Porter, Darwin; Prince, Danforth (2010).
981:Skyscrapers: tallest buildings since 1908
902:Tallest structures since the 20th century
550:(149 m (489 ft)) in London and
2251:
2249:
2229:"Shanghai Tower - The Skyscraper Center"
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
1656:List of oldest known surviving buildings
1631:List of tallest buildings and structures
1289:List of historically tallest skyscrapers
1198:Note: The CTBUH defines a building as a
908:List of tallest buildings and structures
154:The world's tallest buildings as of 2015
1861:Woods, Michael; Woods, Mary B. (2009).
1687:
1247:tallest completed residential buildings
1186:height difference (29%) is gained from
573:It was not until the completion of the
1801:
1698:The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
1007:High-rise blocks and early skyscrapers
2107:
2105:
2078:
2076:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
1978:. London: Seeley & Co at
1947:"Cathedrals and the birth of freedom"
504:The eastern spires of the Romanesque
324:) were constructed in around 300 BC.
7:
2115:100 of the world's tallest buildings
3635:History of buildings and structures
1778:Silla : Korea's golden kingdom
724:Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg
1863:Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
1701:. London: Routledge. p. 147.
312:) and the 73 m (240 ft)
25:
3645:History of structural engineering
2392:, 5 Sep 2019, Visual Capitalist,
2147:Gray, Christopher (15 May 1988).
1117:Manhattan Life Insurance Building
468:. The entire complex is built of
186:However, though all of these are
2442:Tallest buildings and structures
2083:Kamin, Blair (7 November 2019).
1999:. Maria Adriana Prolo Foundation
1671:
1646:List of tallest church buildings
1610:
1596:
1269:(primarily hotel space) are the
1119:, 106 m (348 ft), 1894
914:
526:List of tallest church buildings
3035:Countries with most skyscrapers
2021:Lieber, John (5 January 2022).
1301:Shanghai World Financial Center
1113:, 94 m (308 ft), 1890
715:Bell tower burned down in 1647
97:The skyscraper was invented in
1626:History of tallest skyscrapers
1249:(minimum 85% residential) are
1080:tall, 12 floors, built in 1885
1070:tall, 10 floors, built in 1883
830:161.53 m (530.0 ft)
802:157.38 m (516.3 ft)
570:the world's tallest building.
454:Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
260:Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
1:
3564:Antenna height considerations
1443:318.9 m (1,046 ft)
1084:Lancashire Insurance Building
1050:tall, 9 floors, built in 1870
958:in Oklahoma. The CN Tower in
381:Records of the western Region
371:, located in the present-day
67:
3559:All buildings and structures
3030:Cities with most skyscrapers
1972:Benham, William (1902).
973:Since the completion of the
930:Since the completion of the
475:The 77 m (253 ft)
3025:Buildings by height to roof
2112:Wood, Anthony, ed. (2015).
1577:828 m (2,717 ft)
1553:510 m (1,670 ft)
1529:452 m (1,483 ft)
1505:442 m (1,450 ft)
1481:417 m (1,368 ft)
1462:381 m (1,250 ft)
638:159.7 m (524 ft)
344:ancient Roman height record
53:original World Trade Center
3671:
3650:Lists of tallest buildings
1292:
1086:, 10 floors, built in 1890
1010:
984:
905:
523:
276:at 77 m (253 ft)
230:
3569:Architectural engineering
3090:Skyscrapers by floor area
2448:
1917:Taber, Mary Jane (1905).
1641:List of tallest buildings
1636:List of Egyptian pyramids
1424:283 m (928 ft)
1405:241 m (791 ft)
1386:213 m (699 ft)
1367:192 m (630 ft)
1361:
1343:167 m (548 ft)
1275:JW Marriott Marquis Dubai
1176:world's tallest structure
1124:The height of skyscrapers
1054:New York Tribune Building
987:List of tallest buildings
779:151 m (495 ft)
756:147 m (482 ft)
733:142 m (466 ft)
709:151 m (495 ft)
685:153 m (502 ft)
662:151 m (495 ft)
614:149 m (489 ft)
3549:Additionally guyed tower
2027:BindleyHardware & Co
1975:Old St. Paul's Cathedral
1846:Haughton, Brian (2007).
1267:tallest completed hotels
1034:E. V. Haughwout Building
956:Griffin Television Tower
417:tallest wooden structure
329:Lighthouse of Alexandria
105:was constructed using a
76:Lighthouse of Alexandria
37:world's tallest building
3640:History of construction
3594:Height restriction laws
3472:Before the 20th century
1827:. George Bell & Son
1382:Metropolitan Life Tower
1111:New York World Building
1078:42 m (138 ft)
1074:Home Insurance Building
1068:40 m (130 ft)
1058:79 m (259 ft)
1048:40 m (130 ft)
1044:Equitable Life Building
849:Old St Paul's Cathedral
607:Old St Paul's Cathedral
548:Old St Paul's Cathedral
238:Before the 13th century
227:Before the 20th century
209:Determination of height
133:was completed in 1998.
103:Home Insurance Building
3100:Voluntarily demolished
2615:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1904:Frommer's England 2010
1334:Philadelphia City Hall
1265:in New York City. The
1139:Philadelphia City Hall
1134:
1038:24 m (79 ft)
993:Philadelphia City Hall
869:Philadelphia City Hall
747:Church of St. Nicholas
676:St. Pierre's Cathedral
564:St. Pierre's Cathedral
535:
277:
266:
251:
155:
3609:Partially guyed tower
1725:Gerometta, Marshall.
1458:Empire State Building
1151:Empire State Building
1131:
952:Empire State Building
946:was surpassed by the
896:Empire State Building
691:Tower collapsed 1573
533:
357:, built in AD 537 in
272:
257:
245:
231:Further information:
169:Great Pyramid of Giza
159:Meaning of "building"
153:
66:era emerged, between
49:Empire State Building
3554:Air traffic obstacle
2969:United Arab Emirates
2394:World Economic Forum
2366:skyscrapercenter.com
2340:skyscrapercenter.com
2314:skyscrapercenter.com
2298:on 12 February 2010.
2233:skyscrapercenter.com
2059:Building the Skyline
1255:111 West 57th Street
1017:Before skyscrapers,
568:Strasbourg Cathedral
538:The world's tallest
292:, and in 601 BC the
216:Petronas Twin Towers
3655:Record progressions
3171:former Soviet Union
2498:Indian subcontinent
2401:, Skyscraper Center
1993:"Mole Antonelliana"
1883:on 10 November 2005
1877:"Lincoln Cathedral"
1618:Architecture portal
1325:Title Held (Years)
1221:Bank of China Tower
932:Washington Monument
880:Washington Monument
859:Turn of the Century
810:Washington Monument
449:, was constructed.
288:was constructed in
177:Washington Monument
146:Definition of terms
2405:Buildings database
2153:The New York Times
1737:on 29 January 2018
1477:World Trade Center
1401:Woolworth Building
1251:Central Park Tower
1155:World Trade Center
1149:, followed by the
1135:
1100:Monadnock Building
1090:Manhattan Building
836:Tallest structure
808:Tallest structure
603:13th century–1311
536:
452:The Vimana of the
278:
267:
252:
156:
115:load-bearing walls
62:Before the modern
3622:
3621:
3579:Early skyscrapers
3535:
3534:
3467:400 to 500 metres
3462:300 to 400 metres
3128:
3127:
3110:Early skyscrapers
3045:Designed by women
2125:978-1-86470-651-2
1980:Project Gutenberg
1587:
1586:
1439:Chrysler Building
1277:twin towers, the
1263:Billionaire's Row
1147:Chrysler Building
1027:Towers of Bologna
1013:Early skyscrapers
995:or 1908 with the
948:Chrysler Building
892:Chrysler Building
873:Mole Antonelliana
844:
843:
793:Cologne Cathedral
700:St. Mary's Church
653:St. Mary's Church
629:Lincoln Cathedral
556:St. Mary's Church
552:Lincoln Cathedral
439:Shwesandaw Pagoda
369:stupa of Kanishka
173:Lincoln Cathedral
165:Egyptian pyramids
41:Lincoln Cathedral
16:(Redirected from
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1823:Kendrick, A. F.
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1307:
1285:, all in Dubai.
1079:
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1064:Montauk Building
1059:
1049:
1039:
936:Washington, D.C.
918:
853:Christopher Wren
580:
514:Malmesbury Abbey
506:Speyer Cathedral
481:Koutoubia Mosque
274:Kutubiyya Mosque
86:was the tallest
69:
45:Lincoln, England
35:. The title of "
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1953:on 3 March 2016
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1358:Singer Building
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1143:Singer Building
1141:in 1894 or the
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997:Singer Building
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770:Rouen Cathedral
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499:Yaqub al-Mansur
411:in the city of
409:Buddhist temple
395:Yongning Pagoda
314:Amaravati Stupa
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190:, some are not
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2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2654:
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2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
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2633:
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2623:
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2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2556:
2555:Latin America
2553:
2551:
2550:South America
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:North America
2538:
2537:
2536:The Americas
2535:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:Baltic states
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2315:
2311:
2305:
2302:
2294:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2140:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2014:
2010:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1968:
1965:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1913:
1910:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1865:. p. 41.
1864:
1857:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1839:
1826:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1787:9781588395023
1783:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1708:9781135629281
1704:
1700:
1699:
1691:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1594:
1589:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:2010–present
1563:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1363:New York City
1359:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:North America
1210:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1188:vanity height
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1075:
1072:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
980:
978:
976:
971:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
923:
917:
909:
901:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
858:
856:
854:
850:
839:
835:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:1890–present
816:
815:
811:
807:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
788:
787:
784:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
765:
764:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
742:
741:
738:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
671:
670:
667:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
648:
647:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
624:
623:
619:
616:
613:
610:
608:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
581:
578:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
532:
527:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
502:
501:around 1195.
500:
497:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
400:
396:
391:
389:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:Dur-Kurigalzu
283:
275:
271:
265:
261:
256:
249:
244:
237:
234:
226:
224:
221:
217:
208:
206:
202:
200:
195:
194:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
158:
152:
145:
143:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
123:New York City
120:
119:United States
116:
112:
111:curtain walls
108:
104:
101:in 1884 when
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
80:Great Pyramid
77:
73:
65:
60:
58:
57:New York City
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
3604:Oil platform
3574:Construction
3507:Freestanding
3431:Turkmenistan
3396:South Africa
3376:Saudi Arabia
2919:South Africa
2894:Saudi Arabia
2452:
2369:. Retrieved
2365:
2356:
2344:. Retrieved
2339:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2313:
2304:
2293:the original
2288:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2260:
2236:. Retrieved
2232:
2223:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2193:the original
2164:. Retrieved
2152:
2142:
2114:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:
2063:. Retrieved
2058:
2030:. Retrieved
2026:
2016:
2008:
2001:. Retrieved
1996:
1987:
1973:
1967:
1955:. Retrieved
1951:the original
1941:
1927:
1918:
1912:
1903:
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1881:the original
1871:
1862:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1829:. Retrieved
1818:
1777:
1771:
1762:
1759:Architectura
1758:
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1735:the original
1730:
1697:
1690:
1672:
1667:
1568:Burj Khalifa
1525:Kuala Lumpur
1496:Willis Tower
1339:Philadelphia
1298:
1283:Burj Al Arab
1271:Gevora Hotel
1243:
1239:
1231:
1214:
1203:
1199:
1167:
1136:
1105:
1019:tower blocks
1016:
1000:
990:
975:Burj Khalifa
972:
968:Canton Tower
964:Burj Khalifa
940:Eiffel Tower
929:
884:Eiffel Tower
877:
862:
845:
838:Eiffel Tower
572:
543:
539:
537:
503:
474:
451:
436:
421:
405:Hwangnyongsa
403:
392:
380:
364:The ancient
363:
355:Hagia Sophia
350:
348:Pont du Gard
337:
326:
296:ziggurat of
279:
246:La Danta in
212:
203:
191:
187:
185:
181:Eiffel Tower
162:
96:
92:Eiffel Tower
87:
61:
29:Burj Khalifa
26:
3614:Tower block
3512:Lighthouses
3416:Switzerland
3356:Philippines
3346:New Zealand
3341:Netherlands
3201:Afghanistan
3085:Residential
3060:Educational
3015:100+ floors
2939:Switzerland
2924:South Korea
2869:Philippines
2839:North Korea
2829:Netherlands
2515:Scandinavia
2371:17 February
2346:19 November
2320:19 November
2199:16 February
2094:19 November
2032:19 February
1831:12 February
1235:residential
1228:Skyscrapers
1159:Sears Tower
1046:, at least
865:Ulm Minster
821:Ulm Minster
575:Ulm Minster
290:Mesopotamia
220:Sears Tower
113:instead of
107:steel frame
3629:Categories
3446:Uzbekistan
3331:Luxembourg
3193:By country
3134:Structures
3020:Architects
2759:Kazakhstan
2605:Bangladesh
2600:Azerbaijan
2567:By country
2458:Skyscraper
1682:References
1544:Taipei 101
1540:2004–2010
1516:1998–2004
1492:1973–1998
1473:1971–1973
1454:1931–1971
1435:1930–1931
1397:1913–1930
1378:1909–1913
1354:1908–1909
1330:1894–1908
1281:, and the
1279:Rose Tower
1171:Taipei 101
985:See also:
875:in 1889).
840:from 1889
812:from 1884
789:1880–1890
766:1876–1880
743:1874–1876
729:Strasbourg
720:1647–1874
696:1573–1647
672:1569–1573
649:1549–1569
625:1311–1549
540:structures
462:Angkor Wat
458:Tamil Nadu
385:Sri Lankan
306:El Mirador
294:Etemenanki
258:Vimana of
248:El Mirador
188:structures
139:Taipei 101
64:skyscraper
55:, both in
47:, and the
3497:Flagpoles
3406:Sri Lanka
3306:Indonesia
3216:Australia
3159:West Asia
3144:By region
3115:Supertall
3070:Hospitals
2989:Venezuela
2904:Singapore
2789:Lithuania
2729:Indonesia
2649:Hong Kong
2590:Australia
2585:Argentina
2503:Southeast
2481:By region
2473:Buildings
2289:ctbuh.org
2266:23 August
2261:ctbuh.org
2238:23 August
2161:0362-4331
2134:930796742
1804:cite book
1796:862096677
1322:Increase
1316:Location
1261:, all on
1200:supertall
1001:buildings
898:in 1931.
888:supertall
863:In 1890,
705:Stralsund
658:Stralsund
595:Increase
589:Location
560:Stralsund
544:buildings
485:Marrakesh
401:, China.
351:structure
318:Amaravati
310:Guatemala
264:Tamilnadu
193:buildings
88:structure
72:Christian
3482:Chimneys
3391:Slovakia
3366:Portugal
3236:Bulgaria
3120:Megatall
3040:Churches
2999:Zimbabwe
2954:Thailand
2949:Tanzania
2914:Slovakia
2909:Slovenia
2879:Portugal
2859:Pakistan
2814:Mongolia
2794:Malaysia
2659:Colombia
2630:Cambodia
2625:Bulgaria
2003:18 March
1887:29 March
1741:29 March
1590:See also
1204:megatall
1180:Magnolia
681:Beauvais
466:Cambodia
413:Gyeongju
377:Peshawar
373:Pakistan
340:Pantheon
302:La Danta
282:ziggurat
127:Malaysia
51:and the
3540:Related
3517:Statues
3487:Crosses
3477:Bridges
3421:Tunisia
3371:Romania
3336:Myanmar
3316:Ireland
3296:Iceland
3291:Hungary
3281:Germany
3271:Finland
3266:Estonia
3256:Denmark
3231:Belgium
3226:Bahrain
3221:Austria
3211:Algeria
3206:Albania
3055:Mosques
2994:Vietnam
2984:Uruguay
2964:Ukraine
2884:Romania
2834:Nigeria
2824:Myanmar
2819:Morocco
2784:Lebanon
2739:Ireland
2719:Iceland
2709:Germany
2704:Georgia
2694:Finland
2689:Estonia
2684:Ecuador
2679:Denmark
2664:Croatia
2610:Bolivia
2595:Austria
2580:Algeria
2575:Albania
2532:Oceania
2525:Balkans
2453:History
2166:17 July
2065:17 July
1501:Chicago
1319:Height
1133:tallest
1094:Chicago
960:Toronto
798:Cologne
752:Hamburg
634:Lincoln
611:London
592:Height
493:Almohad
489:Morocco
477:minaret
470:granite
447:Myanmar
399:Luoyang
375:, near
298:Babylon
218:or the
121:, with
99:Chicago
3542:topics
3522:Towers
3426:Turkey
3411:Sweden
3385:Kosovo
3381:Serbia
3361:Poland
3351:Norway
3286:Greece
3276:France
3241:Canada
3166:Europe
3151:Africa
3075:Hotels
3065:Future
2959:Turkey
2944:Taiwan
2934:Sweden
2899:Serbia
2889:Russia
2874:Poland
2854:Panama
2849:Norway
2809:Monaco
2804:Mexico
2779:Latvia
2774:Kuwait
2769:Kosovo
2744:Israel
2714:Greece
2699:France
2669:Cyprus
2635:Canada
2620:Brazil
2510:Europe
2488:Africa
2463:Storey
2159:
2132:
2122:
1794:
1784:
1705:
1549:Taipei
1430:<1
1273:, the
1257:, and
1023:Shibam
712:−1.3%
665:−5.4%
598:Notes
496:Caliph
383:. The
366:Kushan
353:. The
167:: the
135:Taiwan
3584:Fires
3455:Lists
3401:Spain
3326:Japan
3321:Italy
3301:India
3261:Egypt
3246:China
3155:Asia
3008:Lists
2929:Spain
2799:Malta
2764:Kenya
2754:Japan
2749:Italy
2724:India
2653:Macau
2645:China
2640:Chile
2296:(PDF)
2285:(PDF)
1957:6 May
1662:Notes
1573:Dubai
1416:1930
1313:Name
944:Paris
833:2.6%
805:4.2%
782:2.7%
775:Rouen
759:3.5%
688:1.3%
641:7.2%
586:Name
443:Bagan
432:Japan
333:Egypt
322:India
109:with
84:Egypt
33:Dubai
3492:Dams
3311:Iran
3105:Wood
2864:Peru
2734:Iran
2493:Asia
2373:2022
2348:2018
2322:2018
2268:2020
2240:2020
2201:2010
2168:2020
2157:ISSN
2130:OCLC
2120:ISBN
2096:2020
2067:2020
2034:2022
2005:2014
1959:2011
1889:2011
1833:2023
1810:link
1792:OCLC
1782:ISBN
1743:2011
1703:ISBN
1580:62%
1556:13%
1465:19%
1446:13%
1427:17%
1408:13%
1389:11%
1370:15%
736:−6%
428:Nara
338:The
327:The
1583:14
1532:2%
1511:25
1508:6%
1484:9%
1468:40
1411:17
1349:14
1346:0%
1092:in
942:in
934:in
826:Ulm
617:0%
558:in
483:in
479:of
441:of
426:in
331:in
316:of
304:of
284:of
137:'s
82:in
43:in
31:in
3631::
2651:,
2364:.
2338:.
2312:.
2287:.
2259:.
2248:^
2231:.
2176:^
2155:.
2151:.
2128:.
2104:^
2087:.
2075:^
2057:.
2042:^
2025:.
2007:.
1995:.
1806:}}
1802:{{
1790:.
1763:15
1761:,
1729:.
1717:^
1668:A.
1559:6
1535:6
1487:2
1449:1
1392:4
1373:1
1253:,
1076:,
1066:,
1056:,
1036:,
1003:.
970:.
487:,
472:.
464:,
456:,
445:,
430:,
262:,
68:c.
59:.
3387:)
3383:(
2655:)
2647:(
2434:e
2427:t
2420:v
2375:.
2350:.
2324:.
2270:.
2242:.
2217:.
2203:.
2170:.
2136:.
2098:.
2069:.
2036:.
1961:.
1891:.
1835:.
1812:)
1798:.
1755:*
1745:.
1711:.
320:(
308:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
