96:
329:, intending all true believers to gather beneath it and thus bolster opposition to the Janissaries. Turkish historians claim that the counter-Janissary force, which was great in numbers, included the local residents who had hated the Janissaries for years. In the ensuing fight the Janissary barracks were set ablaze by artillery fire, resulting in 4,000 Janissary deaths; more were killed in the heavy fighting on the streets of
142:
354:
369:
The
Janissary leaders were executed and their possessions confiscated by the Sultan. The younger and older Janissaries were either exiled or imprisoned, but those who were competent and showed promise and performed diplomatic or military duties were allowed to stay on in the Ottoman foreign ministry
273:
However, by the early 17th century, the
Janissary corps had ceased to function as an elite military force, and had become a privileged hereditary class, and their exemption from paying taxes made them highly unfavorable in the eyes of the rest of the population. The number of Janissaries grew from
333:(the capital of the Ottoman Empire and the center of the Janissary order). The survivors either fled or were imprisoned, their possessions confiscated by the Sultan. By the end of 1826 the captured Janissaries, constituting the remainder of the force, were put to death by decapitation in the
285:
As opportunities and power continued to rise within the
Janissary corps, it began to undermine the empire. Over time it became clear that for the empire to restore its position as a major power of Europe, it needed to replace the Janissary corps with a modern army.
209:
on 15 June 1826. Most of the 135,000 Janissaries revolted against Mahmud II, and after the rebellion was suppressed, most of them were executed, exiled or imprisoned. The disbanded
Janissary corps was replaced with a more modern military force.
384:("The Victorious Soldiers of Muhammad"), was established by Mahmud II to guard the Sultan and replace the Janissaries. Many ordinary Janissaries, especially in the provinces, began rogue revolts and demanded autonomy. Christians in the
407:("Foundation of Victory"), was printed in Istanbul in 1828 and served as the main source for every other Ottoman account of this period. The incident had a negative impact on the Muslim communities in the
294:
Historians suggest that Mahmud II purposely incited the revolt and have described it as the sultan's "coup against the
Janissaries". The sultan informed them that he was forming a new army, the
218:
The
Janissaries were first created by the Ottoman Sultans in the late 14th century and were employed as household troops. Janissaries began as an elite corps made up through the
274:
20,000 in 1575 to 135,000 in 1826, about 250 years later. Many were not soldiers but still collected pay from the empire, as dictated by the corps since it held an effective
266:. During the 15th and 16th centuries they were recognized as one of the best-trained and most effective military units in Europe. They became known for their discipline,
39:
879:
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203:
667:
884:
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741:
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or join the new
Ottoman Army as officers. Thousands of Janissaries had been killed, and thus the elite order came to its end. The
426:
Taking advantage of the temporary weakness in the military position of the
Ottoman Empire following the Auspicious Incident, the
319:
167:
380:
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78:
685:
279:
310:, and had previously decided they would never allow its dissolution. Thus, as predicted, they mutinied, advancing on the
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and professionalism. They were paid regularly and were expected to be ready to enter battle at any time.
378:, a core Janissary institution, was outlawed, and its followers executed or exiled. A new modern corps,
342:
468:
443:
431:
259:
179:
904:
400:
282:. Any sultan who tried to diminish its status or power was immediately either killed or deposed.
609:
337:
fort that soon came to be called the "Blood Tower" (but which has been known since 1912 as the
145:
A janissary musketeer. The entire janissary corps was disbanded during the
Auspicious Incident.
860:
843:
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399:
Immediately after the
Janissaries had been disbanded, Mahmud II ordered the court chronicler,
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522:
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302:-dominated. The Janissaries saw their institution as crucial to the well-being of the
873:
818:
504:
298:, organized and trained along modern European lines, and that the new army would be
17:
463:
458:
334:
263:
141:
780:
Levy, Avigdor. "The Ottoman Ulama and the Military Reforms of Sultan Mahmud II."
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726:
365:, 1836, presumably commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Auspicious Incident
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396:. Some Janissaries survived by keeping a low profile and taking ordinary jobs.
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neighbors and began to rally against the new Turkish armies sent from
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840:
The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire
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411:, who lost their privileges, as rebellions broke out across
795:
The Establishment of the Balkan National States, 1804-1920
403:, to record the official version of events. This account,
823:
Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire
668:"Vaka I Hayriye Hayırlı Olay | Osmanlı Tarihi"
725:
198:) was the forced disbandment of the centuries-old
859:(Vol. II). New York: Cambridge University Press.
603:
601:
857:History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
662:
660:
40:Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
32:
27:1826 disbandment of the Ottoman Janissary corps
590:Cleveland, William L.; Bunton, Martin (2009).
341:). Roughly 100 other Janissaries fled to the
278:over the state and contributed to the steady
8:
552:
550:
540:
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536:
135:were killed, executed, exiled or imprisoned.
674:. Archived from the original on 2021-09-25.
641:Historical Dictionary of the Napoleonic Era
594:(4th ed.). Westview Press. p. 43.
672:Gozlemci.net – Online Eğitim Ansiklopedisi
29:
226:, by which young Christian boys, notably
797:. University of Washington Press, 1986.
579:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 129.
758:"ÜÇ ADET GRAVÜR - AlifArt Auction Sale"
495:
677:
7:
643:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 153–54.
162:
592:A History of the Modern Middle East
430:forced the Ottomans to accept the
25:
314:. Mahmud II then brought out the
62:Istanbul and other cities of the
94:
77:disbanded and replaced with the
855:& Shaw, Ezel Kural (1977).
793:Jelavich, Charles and Barbara.
732:. Simon and Schuster. pp.
610:"Army & the Military Ranks"
880:Politics of the Ottoman Empire
381:Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye
194:, "Event of Malignity" in the
184:'Event of Fortune' in
79:Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye
1:
577:The New Encyclopedia of Islam
388:became very hostile to their
280:decline of the Ottoman Empire
890:Reform in the Ottoman Empire
703:. John Murray. p. 435.
635:Nafziger, George F. (2001).
262:, and incorporated into the
190:
173:
575:Glassé, Cyril, ed. (2008).
363:Henri-Guillaume Schlesinger
921:
885:1826 in the Ottoman Empire
782:Asian and African Studies
699:Finkel, Caroline (2005).
684:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
123:
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88:
45:
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900:1826 in military history
474:Ottoman military reforms
616:. LuckyEye Interactive
449:First Serbian Uprising
366:
345:, where many drowned.
146:
724:Barber, Noel (1973).
608:Ozgen, Korkut (ed.).
544:Goodwin, pp. 296–299.
356:
343:Cistern of Philoxenos
144:
124:Casualties and losses
825:. New York: H. Holt
556:Kinross, pp. 456–457
254:were taken from the
18:The Auspicious Event
842:London: Perennial.
509:İslâm Ansiklopedisi
505:"Vak'a-i Hayri̇yye"
444:Sanjak of Smederevo
434:on 7 October 1826.
432:Akkerman Convention
376:Bektaşi Brotherhood
151:Auspicious Incident
33:Auspicious Incident
784:7 (1971): 13 - 39.
484:Husein Gradaščević
469:Reşid Mehmed Pasha
401:Mehmet Esad Efendi
367:
260:converted to Islam
147:
100:Ottoman Government
865:978-0-521-29166-8
853:Shaw, Stanford J.
848:978-0-688-08093-8
503:Kemal, Beydilli.
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16:(Redirected from
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895:June 1826 events
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320:Islamic prophet
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258:, circumcised,
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200:Janissary Corps
191:Vaka-i Şerriyye
159:Ottoman Turkish
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296:Sekban-ı Cedit
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765:. Retrieved
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618:. Retrieved
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464:Hursid Pasha
459:Halet Efendi
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404:
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357:Portrait of
335:Thessaloniki
327:Sacred Trust
295:
293:
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264:Ottoman army
217:
154:
150:
148:
131:Most of the
89:Belligerents
53:15 June 1826
805:. pp. 48-51
728:The Sultans
523:"Janissary"
405:Üss-i Zafer
339:White Tower
316:Holy Banner
244:Macedonians
163:وقعۀ خيريّه
133:Janissaries
105:Janissaries
874:Categories
813:References
767:2024-05-17
454:Mustafa IV
372:Sufi Order
236:Bulgarians
214:Background
905:Mahmud II
359:Mahmud II
349:Aftermath
252:Romanians
232:Albanians
207:Mahmud II
168:romanized
821:(1998).
680:cite web
438:See also
323:Muhammad
220:devşirme
111:Strength
58:Location
38:Part of
838:(1977)
734:135–136
620:26 July
421:Albania
413:Rumelia
409:Balkans
386:Balkans
374:of the
318:of the
308:Rumelia
300:Turkish
256:Balkans
224:slavery
196:Balkans
182:
170::
116:Unknown
863:
846:
829:
801:
740:
707:
647:
417:Bosnia
390:Muslim
290:Mutiny
268:morale
250:, and
248:Greeks
240:Croats
71:Result
490:Notes
228:Serbs
861:ISBN
844:ISBN
827:ISBN
799:ISBN
738:ISBN
705:ISBN
686:link
645:ISBN
622:2024
419:and
276:veto
180:lit.
149:The
50:Date
361:by
202:by
153:or
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157:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
