Knowledge (XXG)

The Bridges at Toko-Ri

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548: 666: 251: 401:. Brubaker complains about the unfairness of his recall when most actively flying/actively drilling Naval Reserve pilots weren't recalled (Brubaker hadn't been flying in the Reserve), America is not actually "at war", and most Americans have no involvement. Tarrant advises that, "All through history, men have had to fight the wrong war in the wrong place, but that's the one they're stuck with." 782:, who noted how the film adaptation was true to the original story and was "vividly and movingly developed in this punctilious film." The close cooperation of the U.S. Navy led to spectacular aerial scenes as well as carrier action. A raid sequence with large scale models intercut with combat footage was a particularly effective scene that was later recognized in the 463:
soldiers. Tarrant, angered by the news of Brubaker's death, demands an explanation from Commander Lee of why he attacked the second target. Lee defends his actions, noting that Brubaker was his pilot too, and that despite his loss, the mission was a success. Tarrant, realizing that Lee is correct,
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after a brawl. Nancy expresses her bewilderment to Tarrant, who explains that Forney saved her husband from freezing to death when he had to ditch his jet at sea and warns her that when they return to Korea, Brubaker will have to attack the dangerous bridges at Toko-Ri. He advises her to face the
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once too often, and then he is exiled to a helicopter scow. As he is leaving the ship, he notices Brubaker's distress, and relates a "cure" for bad nerves that has worked for him, standing on the bow of the ship and facing the waves. Brubaker follows his advice and finds renewed strength within
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with the Rear Admiral and others. The final scenes of the movie document the hopeless deaths of the main protagonists as they lie in a muddy ditch in a foreign land. As the movie progresses through dangerous missions (ditching, flak fly throughs), Brubaker experiences moments of panic and
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was well received by critics and public alike. As an example of the films that came out of the Korean War, it was considered more of a multi-faceted account that dealt with both ordinary seamen and command officers involved in combat. Typical of the reviews was one by
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on land. Forney and Gamidge attempt to pick him up, but communist troops shoot down the helicopter. Gamidge is killed, and Forney takes cover in a muddy ditch with Brubaker. They try to hold off the enemy with pistols and Forney's and Gamidge's
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to photograph the bridges. Lee briefs his pilots on the coming mission using the film he took and Brubaker loses his nerve. However, he cannot bring himself to quit the mission or write a final letter to Nancy. Forney crosses the captain of the
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was considered a quiet anti-war themed movie. The Korean War never got the same attention in media as World War II as its geopolitical purpose in world security was considered dubious. Brubaker's character questions the purpose of the
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Forney had often been in trouble for brawling and sporting a non-regulation green top hat and scarf while flying his helicopter as encouragement to downed pilots in the water. Back aboard his ship, the aircraft carrier USS
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is intense, but the jets destroy the bridges without a loss. Lee then leads them to attack a secondary target, where Brubaker's jet is hit. Leaking fuel and descending, he tries to return to the carrier, but he cannot and
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as the Bridge mission looms closer and closer. Grace Kelly's character being a metaphorical representation of the country's confusion over the Korean War but remaining dutiful and unquestioning in its purpose.
725:. The movie also took advantage of the early uses of helicopters in the military. Rooney's character flies a S-51/HO3S-1/H-5F, G, H Sikorsky "DragonFly" which was well-known as a naval rescue aircraft. 1457: 2484: 2434: 1132: 1017: 1273: 604:
in 1951 and technical advisor for the film; and Forney on Chief (NAP) Duane Thorin, himself a colorful enlisted pilot known for his trademark non-regulation green headgear.
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reality that Harry might be killed, which neither his wife nor daughter-in-law did, and thus were crushed by despair. Late that night Nancy asks Brubaker about the bridges.
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during the filming, and from its part in the movie, thereafter, billed itself as the "World Famous Golden Dragons." VF-192 had two war deployments to Korea, but aboard
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that had been shot down while bombing the railroad bridges at Samdong-ni. However, though the shot-down aviators in the second attempt were initially listed as
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The pilot's rescue attempt at the climax of the novel and film was a composite of a pair of unrelated rescue attempts on February 8, 1952, both in the area of
2147: 2499: 2222: 1904: 783: 331:. It emphasizes the lives of the pilots and crew in the context of the Korean War; a conflict that seems remote to all except those who fight in Korea. 1185: 1078: 1322: 2504: 1454: 589:. Michener based the character of Harry Brubaker on Lieutenant Donald S. Brubaker, who like his counterpart, was a 29-year-old Naval Reservist from 805:(1956). Mark Robson was also nominated for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures in the Directors Guild of America Awards (1956). 2469: 2449: 2444: 2439: 1129: 733: 653:
Film rights were purchased for $ 100,000 by the team of George Seaton and William Perlberg, who had a production unit at Paramount. They wanted
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with his wife Nancy and their children. The reunion is interrupted when Gamidge comes to Brubaker asking his help in bailing Forney out of the
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Lee, the carrier air group commander known as "CAG" (from his position as Commander, Air Group in the carrier), on a dangerous
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Although the film was released in Canada in December 1954, it opened in the rest of the world, including the U.S., in 1955.
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commander, who has taken an interest in Brubaker because he reminds Tarrant of his son, a Navy Pilot killed in
2314: 2240: 2171: 2040: 1637: 1075: 525: 2016: 1861: 1701: 1319: 897: 501: 288: 109: 2080: 1805: 1661: 1553: 715: 703: 699: 681: 627: 612: 1813: 1050:"The Bridges at Toko-Ri: The Real Story by Capt Paul N. Gray, USN, Ret, USNA '41, former CO of VF-54." 2358: 2306: 2195: 2187: 2008: 1976: 1653: 1577: 1365: 2399: 2394: 2139: 2096: 1928: 1773: 1015:"The Screen in Review: Samuel Goldwyn's 'I Want You' opens run at Criterion; Script by Irwin Shaw." 982: 634: 608: 354: 2322: 2298: 2104: 1992: 1984: 1968: 1797: 1645: 1613: 1190: 1157: 1049: 987: 928: 778: 737: 722: 339: 296: 163: 152: 1472: 2131: 2112: 2056: 1913: 1869: 1853: 1529: 1505: 1490: 1468: 1443: 1421: 1406: 1391: 1244: 620: 451: 342: 241: 1960: 1944: 1789: 1170: 931:, who was also a serving U.S. naval officer, provided the armed forces liaison for the film. 590: 576: 573: 446: 378: 230: 79: 59: 2274: 2064: 1741: 1717: 1629: 1461: 1348: 1326: 1277: 1136: 1082: 1056: 1021: 911: 773: 421: 665: 250: 2179: 2088: 2048: 2024: 1952: 1765: 1693: 1621: 855: 838: 630: 507: 477: 433: 320: 272: 93: 69: 35: 641:
that were needed. Instead, they carried out the perilous mission of suppressing enemy
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who was called back to active duty from his civilian profession as an attorney to fly
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Such Men as These: The Story of the Navy Pilots Who Flew the Deadly Skies over Korea.
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in the Korean War. Returning from a mission with battle damage, he is forced to
328: 276: 105: 623:, they survived their ordeal, and they were captured by North Korean soldiers. 1341: 819: 456: 268: 135: 1547: 2072: 863: 843: 572:, during the winter of 1951–52, when he was a news correspondent aboard the 2266: 1564: 565: 264: 1523: 1558: 964: 962: 707: 459:
until they can be rescued, but both are killed by the North Korean and
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Harwick, Jack and Ed Schnepf. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies".
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was actually decommissioned after World War II, before the Korean War
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The Great Combat Pictures: Twentieth-Century Warfare on the Screen.
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for the role of admiral, but this was played by Frederic March.
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Michener based his novel on actual missions flown against the
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War Movies: The Belle & Blade Guide to Classic War Videos
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Atypical of the World War II movies produced by Hollywood,
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Back on a carrier off Korea, Brubaker flies as wingman for
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plays an aging actor named "Jack Holden" who starred with
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assigned to bomb a group of heavily defended bridges in
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Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services
1130:"Hollywood Captured Armstrong's Korean War Missions." 2485:
Films that won the Best Visual Effects Academy Award
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Films about the United States Navy in the Korean War
1504:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2007. 1455:"Bizarre Beauty: 1950s Runaway Production in Japan". 1241:
The Aircraft-Spotter's Film and Television Companion
2351: 2233: 2206: 2123: 1920: 1420:. Bandon, Oregon: Robert D. Reed Publishers, 2011. 626:In the attacks against the historical bridges, the 611:, with the second one involving a propeller-driven 236: 226: 218: 208: 169: 159: 141: 131: 123: 115: 89: 75: 65: 55: 45: 28: 1442:Metuchen, New Jersey: The Scarecrow Press, 1990. 1478:Sears, David. "Chapter 12: Epics in failure." 1271:"Movie Review: The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1954)." 1027:December 24, 1951. Retrieved: August 30, 2013. 801:(1956) and Alma Macrorie was nominated for an 1898: 1585: 8: 2164:Collectors, Forgers – And A Writer: A Memoir 706:. The squadron depicted is an actual unit, 1223:"The World's First Helicopter Naval Rescue" 534:as Flight Intelligence Officer (uncredited) 307:make early screen appearances in the film. 1905: 1891: 1883: 1592: 1578: 1570: 1435:, General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989. 1342:"Awards: 'The Bridges at Toko-Ri' (1954)." 1070: 1068: 310:The screenplay is based on the 1953 novel 34: 25: 2455:Films based on works by James A. Michener 1405:. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2000. 1035: 1033: 901:(1951), also dealing with the Korean War. 537:US Navy Commander Marshall Beebe as Pilot 1500:Wise, James E. and Anne Collier Rehill. 1098:Kaufman, Richard F. (March–April 2002). 698:. The aircraft used in the film is the 389:, Brubaker is called to the quarters of 943: 888: 1433:The Making of the Great Aviation Films 1153:"Par, Metro Hot After Michener Latest" 799:Academy Award for Best Special Effects 694:aircraft carriers standing in for USS 412:, where Brubaker is given a three-day 1184:Pryor, Thomas M. (October 26, 1953). 16:1954 American war film by Mark Robson 7: 568:bridges at Majon-ni and Samdong-ni, 1076:"Articles: The Bridges at Toko-Ri." 710:"Golden Dragons," which was aboard 2500:Films produced by William Perlberg 728:Location filming was also done in 445:In the attack on the bridges, the 291:. The film, which was directed by 14: 1320:"Awards: The Bridges at Toko-Ri." 1142:2012. Retrieved: August 27, 2012. 361:into the sea and is rescued by a 1292:Harwick and Schnepf 1989, p. 54. 1186:"TRACY IS SOUGHT FOR KOREA FILM" 2505:Films produced by George Seaton 1100:"Behind the Bridges At Toko-Ri" 836:In a scene from the 2021 movie 593:recalled to active duty aboard 2470:Films set on aircraft carriers 2450:Films based on military novels 2445:Films based on American novels 2440:Films about shot-down aviators 1782:The Inn of the Sixth Happiness 803:Academy Award for Best Editing 669:Grace Kelly and William Holden 254:Grace Kelly as Nancy Brubaker. 21:The Bridges at Toko-ri (novel) 1: 2460:Films directed by Mark Robson 2430:Japan in non-Japanese culture 1390:. London: Bison Books, 1985. 1212:Wise and Rehill 2007, p. 131. 991:. January 25, 1956. p. 1 968:"New Hollywood Cast System," 927:Former child star and actor, 752:, was also used for filming. 708:Fighter Squadron 192 (VF-192) 2410:1950s English-language films 2374:James A. Michener Art Museum 1542:AFI Catalog of Feature Films 1403:Brassey's Guide to War Films 1161:. August 26, 1953. p. 3 895:Robson had earlier directed 2364:Michener Center for Writers 2359:Mari Yoriko Sabusawa (wife) 1088:Retrieved: August 30, 2013. 1062:Retrieved: August 29, 2012. 673:Exteriors were shot aboard 522:as AMN (NAC) Nestor Gamidge 466:"Where do we get such men?" 178:December 31, 1954 150:Perlberg-Seaton Productions 2521: 2465:Films scored by Lyn Murray 2215:Tales of the South Pacific 1846:Happy Birthday, Wanda June 1475:. (Subscription required.) 1243:. McFarland. Pages 49-50. 983:"1955's Top Film Grossers" 193:January 20, 1955 18: 2490:Korean War aviation films 1608: 972:, January 15, 1955, p. 94 956:, December 31, 1954, p. 7 750:Thousand Oaks, California 240:$ 4.7 million (US/Canada 40:Theatrical release poster 33: 2495:Paramount Pictures films 2475:Films set in North Korea 2425:American war drama films 1366:"The Bridges of Toko-Ri" 1354:Retrieved: May 10, 2012. 1332:Retrieved: May 10, 2012. 1119:Sears 2010, pp. 225–248. 498:as CPO (NAP) Mike Forney 153:Paramount Pictures Corp. 2207:Short story collections 2172:The Eagle and the Raven 1489:: Da Capo Press, 2010. 1239:Beck, Simon D. (2016). 852:The Bridges of Toko-San 2292:Adventures in Paradise 2251:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1937:The Bridges at Toko-ri 1838:Daddy's Gone A-Hunting 1734:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1560:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1549:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1536:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1525:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 1438:Parish, James Robert. 1330:Turner Classic Movies. 1086:Turner Classic Movies. 874:, in the same scene). 860:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 815:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 795:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 769:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 704:McDonnell F2H Banshees 670: 613:Douglas AD-1 Skyraider 556: 492:as RADM George Tarrant 313:The Bridges at Toko-ri 260:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 255: 29:The Bridges at Toko-Ri 2415:1950s war drama films 1465:The Velvet Light Trap 1388:Hollywood Goes to War 1386:Dolan, Edward F. Jr. 1048:Harribine, YNCS Don. 954:Vancouver News-Herald 723:Vought F4U-4 Corsairs 700:Grumman F9F-2 Panther 668: 628:McDonnell F2H Banshee 555:during the Korean War 550: 395:Carrier Task Force 77 318:Pulitzer Prize winner 253: 2405:1950s American films 2196:Literary Reflections 2188:The World Is My Home 1758:The Harder They Fall 1227:sikorskyarchives.com 1039:Frietas 2001, p. 86. 480:as LT Harry Brubaker 345:Harry Brubaker is a 2148:Rascals in Paradise 2140:The Bridge at Andau 1929:The Fires of Spring 1830:Valley of the Dolls 1310:Parish 1990, p. 78. 1283:, January 21, 1955. 1260:Dolan 1985, p. 111. 1107:Naval Aviation News 1060:uss-bennington.org. 1025:The New York Times, 970:New York Daily News 740:, and the historic 635:Grumman F9F Panther 609:Wonsan, North Korea 464:rhetorically asks, 408:returns to port in 367:Chief Petty Officer 263:is a 1954 American 19:For the novel, see 2480:Films set in Japan 2259:Return to Paradise 2223:Return to Paradise 2105:Miracle in Seville 1814:Von Ryan's Express 1798:Nine Hours to Rama 1710:Return to Paradise 1614:The Seventh Victim 1600:Films directed by 1554:TCM Movie Database 1460:2016-03-04 at the 1364:Betzold, Michael. 1347:2014-02-28 at the 1325:2012-04-26 at the 1301:Evans 2000, p. 32. 1281:The New York Times 1276:2021-05-13 at the 1269:Crowther, Bosley. 1191:The New York Times 1140:Military.com News, 1135:2013-01-17 at the 1081:2012-04-26 at the 1055:2008-10-07 at the 1020:2021-05-13 at the 1013:Crowther, Bosley. 929:Frank Coghlan, Jr. 832:In Popular Culture 779:The New York Times 738:Yokosuka, Kanagawa 671: 557: 528:as Lieutenant Olds 381:) Nestor Gamidge. 373:) Mike Forney and 297:Paramount Pictures 295:, was produced by 256: 164:Paramount Pictures 2382: 2381: 2132:The Voice of Asia 1914:James A. Michener 1880: 1879: 1870:Avalanche Express 1670:Home of the Brave 1510:978-1-59114-944-6 1495:978-0-306-81851-6 1453:Provencher, Ken. 1448:978-0-8108-2315-0 1416:Frietas, Gary A. 850:in a film called 790:Awards and honors 621:missing in action 574:aircraft carriers 486:as Nancy Brubaker 447:antiaircraft fire 248: 247: 2512: 2420:1955 drama films 1907: 1900: 1893: 1884: 1790:From the Terrace 1678:My Foolish Heart 1638:Isle of the Dead 1594: 1587: 1580: 1571: 1374: 1373: 1361: 1355: 1339: 1333: 1317: 1311: 1308: 1302: 1299: 1293: 1290: 1284: 1267: 1261: 1258: 1252: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1219: 1213: 1210: 1204: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1171:Internet Archive 1168: 1166: 1149: 1143: 1126: 1120: 1117: 1111: 1110: 1104: 1095: 1089: 1072: 1063: 1046: 1040: 1037: 1028: 1011: 1005: 1004: 998: 996: 979: 973: 966: 957: 951: 932: 925: 919: 908: 902: 893: 633:(represented by 510:as CDR Wayne Lee 504:as "Beer Barrel" 325:U.S. Navy pilots 200: 198: 185: 183: 80:William Perlberg 60:Valentine 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Canada and 187: 186: 175: 173: 170: 167: 166: 161: 160:Distributed by 157: 156: 149: 147: 142: 139: 138: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 117: 116:Cinematography 113: 112: 110:Robert Strauss 94:William Holden 91: 87: 86: 77: 73: 72: 70:James Michener 67: 63: 62: 57: 53: 52: 47: 43: 42: 39: 31: 30: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2517: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2369:Journey Prize 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2343: 2341: 2340:South Pacific 2337: 2334: 2333: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2308:The Hawaiians 2305: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2283:South Pacific 2280: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2242:South 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A ranch in 747: 743: 739: 735: 734:US Naval Base 731: 726: 724: 720: 719: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 691: 687:, 27,100-ton 686: 685: 679: 678: 667: 660: 658: 656: 655:Spencer Tracy 648: 646: 644: 643:anti-aircraft 640: 636: 632: 629: 624: 622: 618: 614: 610: 605: 603: 599: 598: 592: 588: 587: 581: 580: 575: 571: 567: 559: 554: 549: 542: 536: 533: 532:Dennis Weaver 530: 527: 524: 521: 520:Earl Holliman 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 496:Mickey Rooney 494: 491: 490:Fredric March 488: 485: 482: 479: 476: 475: 470: 468: 467: 462: 458: 453: 448: 443: 440: 435: 431: 426: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 402: 400: 396: 393:Tarrant, the 392: 388: 382: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 351:Naval Aviator 348: 347:Naval Reserve 344: 341: 334: 332: 330: 326: 322: 319: 315: 314: 308: 306: 305:Earl Holliman 302: 301:Dennis Weaver 298: 294: 290: 286: 285:Mickey Rooney 282: 281:Fredric March 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 261: 252: 243: 239: 235: 232: 229: 225: 222:United States 221: 217: 213: 207: 192: 191: 177: 176: 174: 171:Release dates 168: 165: 162: 158: 154: 148: 140: 137: 134: 130: 127:Alma Macrorie 126: 122: 118: 114: 111: 107: 103: 102:Fredric March 99: 98:Mickey Rooney 95: 92: 88: 85: 84:George Seaton 81: 78: 74: 71: 68: 64: 61: 58: 56:Screenplay by 54: 51: 48: 44: 37: 32: 27: 22: 2339: 2331: 2323: 2315: 2307: 2299: 2291: 2282: 2273: 2265: 2257: 2250: 2249: 2241: 2221: 2213: 2194: 2186: 2178: 2170: 2162: 2154: 2146: 2138: 2130: 2111: 2103: 2095: 2087: 2079: 2071: 2063: 2055: 2047: 2039: 2031: 2023: 2015: 2009:The Covenant 2007: 2001:The Watermen 1999: 1991: 1983: 1977:The Drifters 1975: 1967: 1959: 1951: 1943: 1935: 1927: 1868: 1860: 1852: 1844: 1836: 1828: 1822:Lost Command 1820: 1812: 1804: 1796: 1788: 1780: 1774:Peyton Place 1772: 1764: 1756: 1748: 1740: 1733: 1732: 1724: 1716: 1708: 1700: 1692: 1686:Edge of Doom 1684: 1676: 1668: 1660: 1652: 1644: 1636: 1628: 1620: 1612: 1559: 1548: 1535: 1524: 1501: 1479: 1464: 1439: 1432: 1417: 1402: 1387: 1380:Bibliography 1379: 1378: 1369: 1359: 1351: 1337: 1329: 1315: 1306: 1297: 1288: 1280: 1265: 1256: 1240: 1235: 1226: 1217: 1208: 1196:. 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Index

The Bridges at Toko-ri (novel)

Mark Robson
Valentine Davies
James Michener
William Perlberg
George Seaton
William Holden
Mickey Rooney
Fredric March
Grace Kelly
Robert Strauss
Lyn Murray
Paramount Pictures Corp.
Paramount Pictures
English
rentals

war film
Korean War
William Holden
Grace Kelly
Fredric March
Mickey Rooney
Robert Strauss
Mark Robson
Paramount Pictures
Dennis Weaver
Earl Holliman
The Bridges at Toko-ri

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