Cave of the Patriarchs - Knowledge (XXG)

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the entrance gate of the Mosque, there is an opening, through which I was allowed to go down for three steps, and I was able to ascertain by sight and touch that the rock exists there, and to conclude it to be about five feet thick. From the short observations I could make during my brief descent, as also from the consideration of the east wall of the Mosque, and the little information I extracted from the Chief Santon, who jealously guards the sanctuary, I consider that a part of the grotto exists under the Mosque, and that the other part is under the court, but at a lower level than that lying under the Mosque. This latter must be separated from the former by a vertical stratum of rock which contains an opening, as I conclude, for two reasons : first, because the east wall being entirely solid and massive, requires a good foundation; secondly, because the petitions which the Mussulmans present to the Santon to be transmitted to the Patriarchs are thrown, some through one opening, some through the other, according to the Patriarch to whom they are directed; and the Santon goes down by the way I went, whence I suppose that on that side there is a vestibule, and that the tombs may be found below it. I explained my conjectures to the Santon himself after leaving the Mosque, and he showed himself very much surprised at the time, and told the Pacha afterwards that I knew more about it than the Turks themselves. The fact is that even the Pacha who governs the province has no right to penetrate into the

3043:"The Gentiles have erected six sepulchres in this place, which they pretend to be those of Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebekah, Jacob and Leah. The pilgrims are told that they are the sepulchres of the fathers, and money is extorted from them. But if any Jew comes, who gives an additional fee to the keeper of the cave, an iron door is opened, which dates from the time of our forefathers who rest in peace, and with a burning candle in his hands, the visitor descends into a first cave, which is empty, traverses a second in the same state, and at last reaches a third, which contains six sepulchres, those of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and of Sarah, Rebekah, and Leah, one opposite the other. All these sepulchres bear inscriptions, the letters being engraved. Thus, upon that of Abraham we read: – "This is the sepulchre of our father Abraham; upon " whom be peace," and so on that of Isaac, and upon all the other sepulchres. A lamp burns in the cave and upon the sepulchres continually, both night and day, and you there see tombs filled with the bones of Israelites—for unto this day it is a custom of the house of Israel to bring hither the bones of their saints and of their forefathers, and to leave them there." 995:"Here that there is the great church called St. Abram, and this was a Jewish place of worship at the time of the Mohammedan rule, but the Gentiles have erected there six tombs, respectively called those of Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebekah, Jacob and Leah. The custodians tell the pilgrims that these are the tombs of the Patriarchs, for which information the pilgrims give them money. If a Jew comes, however, and gives a special reward, the custodian of the cave opens unto him a gate of iron, which was constructed by our forefathers, and then he is able to descend below by means of steps, holding a lighted candle in his hand. He then reaches a cave, in which nothing is to be found, and a cave beyond, which is likewise empty, but when he reaches the third cave behold there are six sepulchres, those of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, respectively facing those of Sarah, Rebekah and Leah, upon which the names of the three Patriarchs and their wives are inscribed in Hebrew characters. The cave is filled with barrels containing bones of people, which are taken there as to a sacred place. At the end of the field of the Machpelah stands Abraham's house with a spring in front of it". 1617:, and who was hard of hearing, did not understand what was transpiring, and why his grandfather was not being buried, so he asked for an explanation; after being given one he became angry and said: "Is my grandfather to lie there in contempt until Naphtali returns from the land of Egypt?" He then took a club and killed Esau, and Esau's head rolled into the cave. This implies that the head of Esau is also buried in the cave. Some Jewish sources record the selling of Esau's right to be buried in the cave—according to a commentary on the "Book of Exodus", Jacob gave all his possessions to acquire a tomb in the Cave of the Patriarchs. He put a large pile of gold and silver before Esau and asked, "My brother, do you prefer your portion of this cave, or all this gold and silver?" Esau's selling to Jacob his right to be buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs is also recorded in 1341: 923: 1226: 130: 94: 1385:), was similarly lined with masonry, but partly blocked up. Having unblocked the passage, Arnoul discovered a large round room with plastered walls. In the floor of the room, he found a square stone slightly different from the others and, upon removing it, found the first of the caves. The caves were filled with dust. After removing the dust, Arnoul found bones; believing the bones to be those of the biblical Patriarchs, Arnoul washed them in wine and stacked them neatly. Arnoul carved inscriptions on the cave walls describing whose bones he believed them to be. 123: 5142: 1320:, each housed in a separate octagonal room, those dedicated to Jacob and Leah being on the northwest, and those to Abraham and Sarah on the southeast. A corridor runs between the cenotaphs on the northwest, and another between those on the southeast. A third corridor runs the length of the southwestern side, through which access to the cenotaphs, and to the southeastern section, can be gained. An entrance to the enclosure exists on the southwestern side, entering this third corridor; a mosque outside this entrance must be passed through to gain access. 87: 1575: 734: 461:. In 1968, special Jewish services were authorized outside the usual permitted hours on the Jewish New Year and Day of Atonement, leading to a hand-grenade attack on 9 October which injured 47 Israelis; and a second bombing on 4 November, which wounded 6 people. In 1972, the Israeli government increased the Jewish prayer area. New change to the "status quo" were made by Israeli authorities in 1975, which again led to protests by Muslims. In 1976, a scuffle took place between Jewish and Muslim worshippers, during which a 1005: 70: 1449:, entered the passage after a group of Jewish settlers from Hebron had entered the chamber via the entrance near the mihrab and discovered the square stone in the round chamber that concealed the cave entrance. The reports state that after entering the first cave, which seemed to Jevin to be empty, he found a passage leading to a second oval chamber, smaller than the first, which contained shards of pottery and a wine jug. Findings published in the 1247:(Islamic charitable trust) controls 81% of the building. This includes the whole of the southeastern section, which lies above the only known entrance to the caves and possibly over the entirety of the caves themselves. As a consequence, Jews are not permitted to visit the Cenotaphs of Isaac or Rebecca, which lie entirely within the southeastern section, except for 10 days a year that hold special significance in Judaism. One of these days is the 1143: 5148: 4692: 840:. Herod's building, with 6-foot-thick (1.8 m) stone walls made from stones that were at least 3 feet (0.91 m) tall and sometimes reach a length of 24 feet (7.3 m), did not have a roof. Archaeologists are not certain where the original entrance to the enclosure was located, or even if there was one. The Herodian building stands on an earlier structure possibly built during the 762:, who lives in Mamre and owns the cave of Machpelah which he is offering to buy for "the full price". Ephron slyly replies that he is prepared to give Abraham the field and the cave within it, knowing that it would not result in Abraham having a permanent claim to it. Abraham politely refuses the offer and insists on paying for the field. Ephron replies that the field is worth four hundred 960:(writing in 1173), a certain part over the cave of Abraham had given way, and "a number of Franks had made their entrance therein". And they discovered "(the bodies) of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob", "their shrouds having fallen to pieces, lying propped up against a wall...Then the King, after providing new shrouds, caused the place to be closed once more". Similar information is given in 718: 1135: 810: 1389: 1309: 754:. He tells them that he is a foreigner in their land and requests that they give him a burial site so that he can bury his dead. The Hittites flatter Abraham, call him a Lord and mighty prince, and say that he can bury his dead in any of their tombs. Abraham doesn't take them up on their offer and instead asks them to contact 801:(13th–12th century BCE), three out of the six real estate contracts discovered were for the sum of 400 silver shekels, and the terms of sale in them parallel the Biblical description of the sale of Machpelah. Apparently 400 shekels was a common price for Canaanite real estate transactions in this period. 1670:

to Jerusalem to stop by the tomb and pay his respects. For this reason the tomb quickly became a popular Islamic pilgrimage site. It was said that Muhammad himself encouraged the activity, saying "He who cannot visit me, let him visit the Tomb of Abraham" and "He who visits the Tomb of Abraham, Allah

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Michal explored the round chamber, but failed to find the square stone in the floor that led to the caves. Michal did, however, explore the passage and find steps leading up to the surface, though the exit was blocked by a large stone (this is the entrance near the mihrab). According to the report of

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entrance, Dayan concentrated his attention on the shaft visible below the decorative grate and had the idea of sending someone thin enough to fit through the shaft and down into the chamber below. Dayan eventually found a slim 12-year-old girl named Michal to assist and sent her into the chamber with

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of the Ibrahimi mosque. The order was enforced 61 times in October 2014, and 52 times in December of that year. This was following numerous complaints by the Jewish residents who claim that the calls violate legal decibel limits. In December 2009 Israeli authorities banned Jewish music played at the

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The true entrance to the Patriarchs' tomb is to be seen close to the western wall of the enclosure, and near the north-west comer; it is guarded by a very thick iron railing, and I was not allowed to go near it. I observed that the Mussulmans themselves did not go very near it. In the court opposite

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The next burial in the cave is that of Abraham himself, who at the age of 175 years was buried by his sons Isaac and Ishmael. The title deed to the cave was part of the property of Abraham that passed to his son Isaac. The third burial was that of Isaac, by his two sons Esau and Jacob, who died when

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At the center of the northeastern side, there is another entrance, which enters the roofed area on the southeastern side of the northwestern section and through which access can also be gained to the southeastern (fully roofed) section. This entrance is approached on the outside by a corridor which

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The rectangular stone enclosure lies on a northwest–southeast axis, and is divided into two sections by a wall running between the northwestern three fifths, and the southeastern two fifths. The northwestern section is roofed on three sides, the central area and north eastern side being open to the

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to Hebron. In Hebron he realized that the Arabs had surrendered and quickly made his way to the Cave of the Patriarchs. He shot at the doors of the mosque with his Uzi submachine gun. But when that was ineffective in prying the doors open, he attached chains to his Jeep and the doors, proceeding to

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all the sepulchres of the patriarchs are covered with rich carpets of green silk, magnificently embroidered with gold; those of the wives are red, embroidered in like manner. The sultans of Constantinople furnish these carpets, which are renewed from time to time. Ali Bey counted nine, one over the

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According to the Islamic belief, Al-Haram Al-Ibrahimi/Tombs of the Patriarchs is considered to be the fourth most important religious site in Islam after Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem and the second holiest place after the Aqsa Mosque in Palestine. Additionally, according to the Jewish belief, it is

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These caves had been rediscovered only in 1119 CE by a monk named Arnoul, after an unnamed monk at prayer "noticed a draught" in the area near the present location of the mihrab and, with other "brethren", removed the flagstones and found a room lined with Herodian masonry. Arnoul, still searching

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In 1968, a special arrangement was made to accommodate Jewish services on the Jewish New Year and Day of Atonement. This led to an attack on worshippers, with a hand-grenade being thrown on the stairway leading to the tomb on 9 October; 47 Israelis were injured, 8 seriously. On 4 November, a large

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so that visitors to the enclosure would not need to leave and travel round the outside just to pay respects. The Mamluks also built the northwestern staircase and the six cenotaphs (for Isaac, Rebecca, Jacob, Leah, Abraham, and Sarah, respectively), distributed evenly throughout the enclosure. The

826:) dated pottery from the caves (recovered surreptitiously by local residents in 1981) to the 8th century BCE. The different origins of the shards, from various areas around Hebron and Jerusalem, suggest the site may have been a pilgrimage site as early as this date, according to the study authors. 784:

In the final chapter of Genesis, Joseph had his physicians embalm his father Jacob, before they removed him from Egypt to be buried in the cave of the field of Machpelah. When Joseph died in the last verse, he was also embalmed. He was buried much later in Shechem after the children of Israel came

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79.7: "And he bought the parcel of ground, where he had spread his tent... for a hundred pieces of money." Rav Yudan son of Shimon said: ‘This is one of the three places where the non-Jews cannot deceive the Jewish People by saying that they stole it from them, and these are the places: Ma’arat

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dating from 1163 CE, states that after passing through an iron door, and descending, the caves would be encountered. According to Benjamin of Tudela, there was a sequence of three caves, the first two of which were empty; in the third cave were six tombs, arranged to be opposite to one another.

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The caves under the enclosure are not themselves generally accessible; the waqf have historically prevented access to the actual tombs out of respect for the dead. Only two entrances are known to exist, the most visible of which is located to the immediate southeast of Abraham's cenotaph on the

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Under the present arrangements, Jews are restricted to entering by the southwestern side, and limited to the southwestern corridor and the corridors that run between the cenotaphs, while Muslims may enter only by the northeastern side but are allowed free rein of the remainder of the enclosure.

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After Jordan occupied the West Bank in 1948, no Jews were allowed in the territory and consequently no Jews could visit the tomb. In the 1960s, Jordan renovated the area surrounding the mosque, destroying several historical buildings in the process, among them, the ruins of the nearby Crusader

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leads from a long staircase running most of the length of the northwestern side. The southeastern section, which functions primarily as a mosque, contains two cenotaphs, symmetrically placed, near the center, dedicated to Isaac and Rebecca. Between them, in the southeastern wall, is a

1283:. The announcement sparked protests from the UN, Arab governments and the United States. A subsequent UNESCO vote in October aimed to affirm that the "al-Haram al-Ibrahimi/Tomb of the Patriarchs in al-Khalil/Hebron" was "an integral part of the occupied Palestinian Territories." 4071:

Williams, Caroline. 1983. "The Cult of 'Alid Saints in the Fatimid Monuments of Cairo. Part I: The Mosque of al-Aqmar". In Muqarnas I: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Oleg Grabar (ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press, 37–52 , Wiet, "notes," pp. 217ff. RCEA,

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During the 10th century, an entrance was pierced through the north-eastern wall, some way above the external ground level, and steps from the north and from the east were built up to it (one set of steps for entering, the other for leaving). A building known as the

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The story reflects a time when Hebron was settled by non-Israelites, following the exile or desertion after 587/586 BCE. One may safely assume that it was composed to justify the rights of the post-Exilic community to the burial site in the former Judahite city of

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sky; the southeastern section is fully roofed, the roof being supported by four columns evenly distributed through the section. Nearly the entire building itself was built by King Herod and it remains the only Herodian building surviving today virtually intact.

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surround the site with soldiers and control access to the shrines. Israeli forces also subject locals to checkpoints and bar all non-Jews from setting foot on some of the main roads to the complex and ban Palestinian vehicles from many of the roads in the area.

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was torn. Muslim and Arab figures went to Hebron the next day to protest what was called a "profanation of the Quran". The Tomb was closed and a curfew was imposed on the whole city. A few days later, about two hundred Arab youths entered the Tomb and destroyed

1594:, were also interred in the Cave of the Patriarchs, a tradition supported by ancient Samaritan texts. The tradition is supported by the simple wording of Genesis 23:2, which refers to "Kiryat Arba... Hevron" ("arba" means 'four'). Commenting on that passage, 1175:

pull them down. He entered the mosque and began to pray. While praying, a messenger from the Mufti of Hebron delivered a surrender note to him, whereby the rabbi replied "This place, Ma'arat HaMachpela, is a place of prayer and peace. Surrender elsewhere."

964:'s Chronicle under the year 1119; "In this year was opened the tomb of Abraham, and those of his two sons Isaac and Jacob ...Many people saw the Patriarch. Their limbs had nowise been disturbed, and beside them were placed lamps of gold and of silver." The 1190:

Israeli settlers reestablished a small synagogue under the mosque. The first Jewish wedding ceremony to take place in it was on 7 August 1968. The stone stairway leading to the mosque was also destroyed in order to erase the humiliating "seventh step".

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he was 180 years old. There is no mention of how or when Isaac's wife Rebecca died, but she is included in the list of those that had been buried in Machpelah in Jacob's final words to the children of Israel. Jacob himself died at the age of 147 years.

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in September 1993, which gave limited autonomy to the PLO in the West Bank city of Jericho and the Gaza Strip. The city of Hebron and the rest of the major Palestinian population centers in the West Bank were not included in the initial agreement. The

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This deterioration has long-term implications for the Palestinians, since the old city of Hebron forms an important part of the Palestinian and indeed the Muslim heritage. It is one of the four holiest cities in Islam, along with Mecca, Medina, and

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wide, 17.37 metres (57.0 ft) and 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) high. In the round chamber, which is 12 metres (39 ft) below the entrance to the shaft, there are three stone slabs, the middle of which contains a partial inscription of

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near Hebron in the land of Canaan at the age of 127, being the only woman in the Bible whose exact age is given, while Abraham is tending to business elsewhere. Abraham comes to mourn for her. After a while he stands up and speaks to the

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visited Hebron and wrote, "On Sunday, 9 Marheshvan (17 October), I left Jerusalem for Hebron to kiss the tombs of my ancestors in the Cave. On that day, I stood in the cave and prayed, praise be to God, (in gratitude) for everything."

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Alshweiky, Rabab; Gül Ünal, Zeynep (2016). "An approach to risk management and preservation of cultural heritage in multi identity and multi managed sites: Al-Haram Al-Ibrahimi/Abraham's Tombs of the Patriarchs in Al-Khalil/Hebron".

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for the source of the draught, hammered on the cave walls until he heard a hollow sound, pulled down the masonry in that area, and discovered a narrow passage. The narrow passage, which subsequently became known as the

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operations in the West Bank, because she was slender enough to be lowered into the narrow, 28 centimetres (11 in) wide hole on 9 October 1968, to gain access to the tomb site, after which she took photographs.

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inside of the southeastern section. This entrance is a narrow shaft covered by a decorative grate, which itself is covered by an elaborate dome. The other entrance is located to the southeast, near the

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The time from which the Israelites regarded the site as sacred is unknown, though some scholars consider that the biblical story of Abraham's burial there probably dates from the 6th century BCE.

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isn't an adjective describing the cave but rather is a proper noun describing the tract of land on which it sits. This hypothesis is supported by the phrasing of some Bible verses, such as

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A contemporary traveller, M. Ermete Pierotti, in 1862 described the great jealousy with which the Muslims guarded the sanctuary and the practice of sending petitions to the patriarchs:

1158:, Hebron came under Jewish control for the first time in 2,000 years, though restrictions on visits by Jews were to continue. According to the autobiography of the Chief Rabbi of the 1081:

Mamluks forbade Jews from entering the site, allowing them only as close as the fifth step on a staircase at the southeast, but after some time this was increased to the seventh step.

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conquered the area and destroyed the castle, leaving only ruins; but in 637, the area came under the control of the Arab Muslims and the building was reconstructed as a roofed mosque.

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According to one tradition, childless women threw petitions addressed to Sarah, known for giving birth at an advanced age, through a hole in the mosque floor to the caves below.

1340: 1472:, Abraham specifically purchased the land for use as a burial plot from Ephron the Hittite, making it one of two purchases by Abraham of real estate in the Land of Canaan, the 2943: 976:

purported to be those of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, a discovery that excited eager curiosity among all three communities in the southern Levant, Muslim, Jewish, and Christian.

3916: 2088: 902:) was also constructed near the middle of the southwestern side. Its purpose is unknown but one historic account claims that it marked the spot where Joseph was buried (see 3774:

HaMachpela, the Temple and Joseph's burial place. Ma’arat HaMachpela because it is written: ‘And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron; and Abraham weighed to Ephron the silver,’ (

1685:, this holy place was "simply taken over from the Jewish tradition" by the new rulers; the Herodian enclosure was converted into a mosque and placed under the control of a 3212: 910:, under the influence of a local tradition regarding Joseph's tomb. Some archaeologists believe that the original entrance to Herod's structure was in the location of the 3554:

Note: English translation based on a paper by Count Riant, "L'Invention de la Sépulture des Patriarches Abraham, Isaac et Jacob à Hébron, le 25 juin 1119," issued by the

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built a large, rectangular enclosure over the cave to commemorate the site for his subjects. It is the only fully surviving Herodian structure from the period of

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In all printings of b. Eruvin, beginning with the 1509 Florence edition, this line reads "one chamber and a mezzanine above it", which reflects the citation of

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Berger, Roni. "Impressions and thoughts of an incidental tourist in Tunisia in January 2011." Journal of International Women's Studies 12.1 (2011): 177–78.

1222:, an Israeli-American settler in February 1994, left 29 Palestinian Muslims dead and scores injured. The resulting riots resulted in a further 35 deaths. 391:

as a burial plot, although most historians believe the Abraham-Isaac-Jacob narrative to be primarily mythological. The site is considered a holy place in

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visited the cave in 1210; he says that the visitor must descend by twenty-four steps in a passageway so narrow that the rock touches him on either hand.

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her findings, which Michal gave to Dayan after having been lifted back through the shaft, there are 16 steps leading down into the passage, which is 1

6412: 5041: 4462: 3782:, 21:26); and Joseph's burial place because it is written: ‘And he bought the parcel of ground... Jacob bought Shechem.’ (Genesis, 33:19)." See also: 3518: 3492: 1280: 6800: 6715: 6310: 5334: 5311: 200: 6294: 2660: 1225: 6262: 3568: 3034:

Early Travels in Palestine: Comprising the Narratives of Arculf, Willibald, Bernard, Saewulf, Sigurd, Benjamin of Tudela, Sir John Maundeville, de

1111:, where (according to the Mussulman legend) the Patriarchs are living, and only condescend to receive the petitions addressed to them by mortals. 3951:

Totah, Faedah M. "Return to the origin: negotiating the modern and unmodern in the old city of Damascus." City & Society 21.1 (2009): 58–81.

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tradition conserved the idea that he wished to be interred at Hebron, and the Islamic version may reflect this. The Jewish apocryphal book, The

1643:. The Patriarchs are said not to be dead but "sleeping". They rise to beg mercy for their children throughout the generations. According to the 6740: 5610: 5533: 5409: 3295: 871:, c. 333, reported "a monument of square form built of stone of wondrous beauty, in which lie Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Sara, Rebecca, and Leah". 33: 3292:"Separation policy in Hebron: Military renews segregation on main street; wide part – for Jews, narrow, rough side passage – for Palestinians" 6391: 4191: 4160: 2809: 2624: 2321: 2279: 2237: 2191: 1941: 1875: 1206:

In 1981, a group of Jewish settlers from the Hebron community led by Noam Arnon broke into the caves and took photos of the burial chambers.

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may mean "doubled", "multiplied" or "twofold", so a literal translation would be "cave of the double". Two hypotheses are discussed by the

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and prayer books at the tomb. In May 1980, an attack on Jewish worshippers returning from prayers at the tomb left 6 dead and 17 wounded.

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had recaptured the area, though the roof of the circular room was pierced, and a decorative grate was placed over it. In 1967, after the

434:, who again converted the structure into a mosque. In 1119 CE, a monk found bones inside the cave, believing them to be the bones of the 6795: 6725: 6073: 4901: 2327: 2285: 2243: 2197: 1709: 1455:

in 2020 stated that the pottery dated from the 8th century BCE and originated from various locations in the Hebron and Jerusalem areas.

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conquered the area, reconverting the enclosure to a mosque but allowing Christians to continue worshipping there. Saladin also added a

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in his commentary to Gen. 23:9. "Two chambers, one above the other", however, reflects all extant manuscripts and b. Bava Batra 58a.

4641: 3913: 3543: 3099: 2080: 3325: 1241:, included a temporary status agreement for the site restricting access for both Jews and Muslims. As part of this agreement, the 6705: 6358: 4942: 4291: 4603: 4091: 3209: 2511: 1867:

What Did the Biblical Writers Know, and when Did They Know It?: What Archaeology Can Tell Us about the Reality of Ancient Israel

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Hebron is regarded by the Jews as second in sanctity to Jerusalem, and by the Muslims as the fourth-holiest city after Mecca.

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During the Ottoman period, the dilapidated state of the patriarchs' tombs was restored to a semblance of sumptuous dignity.

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58a, Abba Arikha and Samuel of Nehardea agreed that the two chambers, whatever their layout, shared identical dimensions.

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The Modern Traveller: A Description, Geographical, Historical, and Topographical, of the Various Countries of the Globe

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within the Haram enclosure to enlarge the prayer space and accommodate worshipers. In the late 14th century, under the

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The Wiles of Women/the Wiles of Men: Joseph and Potiphar's Wife in Ancient Near Eastern, Jewish, and Islamic Folklore,

3865:, "Holy lands and their political consequences", Nations and Nationalism, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 29–54, January 2003. 4039:

Desplat, Patrick. "The Making of a ‘Harari’ City in Ethiopia: Constructing and Contesting Saintly Places in Harar."

1555:. These verses are the common source for the religious beliefs surrounding the cave. While they are not part of the 1263:

The Israeli authorities do not allow Jewish religious authorities the right to maintain the site and allow only the

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Mir, Altaf Hussain. Impact of tourism on the development in Kashmir valley. Diss. Aligarh Muslim University, 2008.

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was sent to Egypt to retrieve the document stating Esau sold his part in the cave to Jacob. As this was going on,

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of silver and Abraham agrees to the price without any further bargaining. He then proceeded to bury his dead wife

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the world's most ancient Jewish site and the second holiest place for the Jews, after Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

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is kept at the mosque. According to an Arabic inscription written on the minbar, it was commissioned by Fatimid

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concerning the death of Sarah and the purchase by Abraham of the land in which the caves are situated, is read.

552:; one said, "It is two chambers, one behind the other", and one said, "It is two chambers, one above the other." 6710: 6270: 6246: 5499: 4985: 4256: 3756: 3726: 2776: 868: 300: 6028: 1574: 6198: 5759: 5727: 5686: 5605: 5494: 1568: 953: 697: 177: 3484: 2972: 2968: 2037:

Jacobsson, David M. (2000). "Decorative Drafted-margin Masonry in Jerusalem and Hebron and its Relations".

1689:. The waqf continues to maintain most of the site, while the Israeli military controls access to the site. 733: 6643: 6566: 6384: 6334: 6230: 5943: 5676: 5199: 5189: 5147: 5071: 4833: 4691: 4651: 4568: 4480: 4368: 3645: 1780: 1716: 351: 5626: 1667: 6805: 6770: 6559: 6453: 6437: 5719: 5656: 5538: 5395: 4797: 4628: 4588: 4283: 1405: 1364:

When the enclosure was controlled by crusaders, access was occasionally possible. One account, by Rabbi

1272: 1159: 914:

and that the northeastern entrance was created so that the kalah could be built by the former entrance.

678: 407: 4134:

Kohler, C. (1896). "Un nouveau récit de l'invention des Patriarches Abraham, Isaac et Jacob à Hebron".

3572: 2613: 3640: 1605:

prevented the burial, claiming that he had the right to be buried in the cave; after some negotiation

864:

was constructed at the southeastern end and the enclosure was roofed everywhere except at the centre.

6535: 6326: 6214: 6206: 6159: 6055: 5936: 5681: 5253: 5174: 5066: 4960: 4744: 4382: 4017:

Okonkwo, Emeka E., and C. A. Nzeh. "Faith–Based Activities and their Tourism Potentials in Nigeria."

3888: 3809:

Vitullo, Anita (2003). "People Tied to Place: Strengthening Cultural Identity in Hebron's Old City".

3447: 1678: 943: 872: 4245: 4082:

Brief History of Transfer of the Sacred Head of Hussain ibn Ali, From Damascus to Ashkelon to Qahera

3291: 490:

who had gathered to pray at the site, killing 29 people, including children, and wounding over 125.

6628: 6573: 5831: 5666: 5076: 4934: 4759: 4666: 4392: 3969:

Nagel, Ronald L. "Jews of the Sahara." Einstein Journal of Biology and Medicine 21.1 (2016): 25–32.

1738: 837: 384: 328: 4116: 6720: 6654: 6552: 6497: 6405: 6318: 6066: 5993: 5866: 5751: 5711: 5377: 5346: 5338: 5286: 5209: 5045: 4916: 4825: 4703: 3845: 3783: 2768: 2489: 2062: 2015: 1614: 1477: 1365: 1267:

to do so. Tourists are permitted to enter the site. Security at the site has increased since the

1090: 988: 875:(c. 570) noted in his pilgrimage account that Jews and Christians shared possession of the site. 777:

in the Bible, and Abraham's purchase of Machpelah is the first commercial transaction mentioned.

755: 634: 549: 487: 479: 471: 435: 376: 143: 3932: 3038: 2132: 1442: 1195:

explosion went off near the gate to the compound and 6 people, Jews and Arabs, were wounded. On

1004: 69: 1068:, two additional entrances were pierced into the western end of the south western side and the 6605: 6492: 6088: 6081: 6061: 6021: 5959: 5951: 5767: 5590: 5560: 5548: 5268: 5184: 5179: 5164: 5106: 4980: 4975: 4965: 4853: 4787: 4736: 4548: 4499: 4218: 4187: 4156: 3598: 3387: 2933: 2891: 2864: 2805: 2799: 2760: 2317: 2311: 2275: 2269: 2233: 2227: 2187: 2181: 2054: 1937: 1871: 1829: 1723: 1234: 1179: 1037: 841: 751: 689:, "the cave in the field of the Makhpela . . ." The question over the right interpretation of 670: 1865: 6775: 6690: 6648: 6103: 5917: 5909: 5850: 5791: 5783: 5242: 5204: 5116: 5101: 5091: 5061: 4952: 4878: 4858: 4843: 4721: 4681: 4517: 4512: 4485: 4402: 3818: 3671: 3408: 3166: 2481: 2046: 2007: 1973: 1929: 1861: 1772: 1693: 1552: 1219: 1108: 1061: 961: 903: 860:, the interior of the enclosure remained exposed to the sky. Under Byzantine rule, a simple 857: 823: 654: 411: 259: 162: 161:

Tomb of the Patriarchs, Cave of Machpelah, Sanctuary of Abraham, Ibrahimi Mosque (Mosque of

1361:

on the outside of the enclosure, beyond which the Mamelukes forbade Jews from approaching.

6471: 6445: 6003: 5807: 5661: 5570: 5543: 5436: 5263: 5194: 4805: 4208: 4095: 4059: 3939: 3920: 3862: 3775: 3444: 3216: 3103: 2723: 1654:

There are Hebrew prayers of supplication for marriage on the walls of the Sarah cenotaph.

1548: 1469: 1268: 1057: 969: 884: 833: 585: 530: 507: 427: 423: 418:

was built on the site; the structure was converted into the Ibrahimi Mosque following the

342: 263: 17: 4873: 4490: 4183:

Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500

4181: 3437: 722: 3317: 3096: 2825:

Na'aman, Nadav (2005). "The 'Conquest of Canaan' in the Book of Joshua and in History".

1142: 991:

visited the city, which he called by its Frankish name, St. Abram de Bron. He reported:

949:

When the Crusaders took control of the site Jews were banned from using the synagogues.

6755: 6745: 6342: 6174: 6153: 6119: 5975: 5901: 5893: 5858: 5580: 5528: 5220: 5111: 5081: 4848: 4838: 4563: 4553: 4527: 4522: 4407: 4353: 4177: 3770: 2859:

Avni, Gideon (2014). "Prologue: Four Eyewitness Accounts versus 'Arguments in Stone'".

1742: 1734: 1640: 1625: 1560: 867:

During this period, the site became an important Christian pilgrimage destination. The

798: 666: 626: 271: 3281:

3rd edition, (Brookings Institution and University of California Press, 2005): 321–29.

3032: 1286:

Israeli authorities have placed restrictions on calling the faithful to prayer by the

6684: 6095: 6008: 5998: 5967: 5651: 5636: 5585: 5565: 5462: 5229: 5169: 4970: 4863: 4815: 4749: 4543: 4089: 3778:, 23:16); the Temple because it is written: ‘So David gave to Ornan for the place,’ ( 3687: 2507: 2066: 1601:

Another Jewish tradition tells that when Jacob was brought to be buried in the cave,

1473: 1257: 1049: 786: 4277: 2382: 6661: 6587: 6503: 5823: 5799: 5671: 5523: 5418: 5364: 5238: 4417: 4412: 3779: 2442: 2412: 2352: 1435: 1252: 1210: 1200: 1163: 589: 396: 292: 4214:

A History of the Crusades:The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East 1100–1187

1639:, the Patriarchs were buried in the cave because the cave is the threshold to the 4212: 4150: 4149:

Kraemer, Joel L (2001). "The Life of Moses Ben Maimon". In Fine, Lawrence (ed.).

4052: 3170: 2885: 1977: 657:

believed it referred to a "cave within a cave". Another hypothesis, supported by

6623: 6476: 5646: 5518: 5359: 4332: 3615: 1409: 1401: 1171: 1167: 1155: 746: 662: 650: 545: 467: 442: 422:. By the 12th century, the mosque and its surrounding regions had fallen under 5156: 4924: 4868: 4767: 3704: 3382:. unesco.org. 21 October 2010. Archived from the original on 11 November 2010. 2050: 1746: 1564: 1354: 1196: 980: 939: 717: 622: 3822: 3161:

Alshweiky, Rabab; Gül Ünal, Zeynep (2016). "Patriarchs in Al-Khalil/Hebron".

2764: 2058: 215: 202: 6041: 6035: 5053: 4782: 4377: 4344: 1933: 1583: 1134: 1053: 474:

returning from prayers at the tomb left 6 dead and 17 wounded. In 1994, the

458: 380: 372: 240: 188: 107: 809: 560:. However, according to the position that one is behind the other, what is 1388: 1308: 1279:

On 21 February 2010, Israel announced that it would include the site in a

5775: 5595: 5553: 4676: 4444: 4301: 4152:

Judaism in Practice: From the Middle Ages Through the Early Modern Period

2861:

The Byzantine-Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach

2081:"In Hebron, Israelis and Palestinians share a holy site ... begrudgingly" 1663: 1648: 1606: 1317: 1183: 1073: 965: 931: 861: 415: 267: 3836:

Bishop, Eric F. F (1948). "Hebron, City of Abraham, the Friend of God".

3708:(ed. Moses Gaster), The Royal Asiatic Society: London 1927, pp. 210, 212 2772: 890:

The Muslims permitted the building of two small synagogues at the site.

5234: 5010: 4336: 3849: 3718: 3438:'Israel banned call to prayer at Ibrahimi mosque 52 times in December,' 3352: 2493: 2019: 1750: 1705: 1697: 1636: 1629: 1506: 1484: 1397: 1287: 1248: 1033: 1017: 1013: 763: 658: 605: 593: 499: 483: 431: 392: 388: 334: 255: 3252: 3184: 3133: 1138:

Cave of the Patriarchs, 2010, as seen from the Israeli-controlled side

457:, after which the mosque was divided, with half of it repurposed as a 5600: 5575: 5479: 5303: 4473: 4434: 3914:

Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

2716: 1998:

Sellic, Patricia (1994). "The Old City of Hebron: Can It be Saved?".

1901: 1899: 1701: 1610: 1598:

listed the four couples chronologically, starting with Adam and Eve.

1544: 1378: 1350: 1325: 1065: 1025: 973: 907: 774: 581: 527: 523: 454: 371:), is a series of caves situated 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of 236: 173: 4263:

Demands for Equal Rights for the Jewish People at Ma'arat HaMachpela

3722: 2748: 2011: 1712:, also states that this is the burial place of Jacob's twelve sons. 2485: 1825:

Middle East and Africa: International Dictionary of Historic Places

1344:

The stone canopy above the more visible known entrance to the caves

1209:

Tensions would later increase as the Israeli government signed the

556:

The position that the chambers are stacked is satisfactory—this is

406:

Over the cave stands a large rectangular enclosure dating from the

4558: 4439: 4006:

From Shamanism to Sufism: Women, Islam and Culture in Central Asia

1800: 1644: 1595: 1556: 1520: 1502: 1488: 1431: 1422: 1387: 1307: 1141: 1093:, one of the few foreigners to gain access, reported in 1807 that, 1072:

was extended upwards to the level of the rest of the enclosure. A

1003: 935: 921: 808: 767: 759: 732: 726: 716: 609: 601: 597: 577: 573: 569: 462: 400: 4084:

By: Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas Borhany & Shahadat al A'alamiyyah.

693:

has been discussed extensively in various Biblical commentaries.

32:"Machpelah" redirects here. For the historic site in the US, see 5489: 5472: 5467: 5441: 4727:

Church of the Holy Forefathers and Monastery of the Holy Trinity

4276: 1908:

Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland: an Encyclopedia, Vol 1

1686: 1682: 1602: 1587: 1524: 1427: 1243: 1020:

at each corner—two of which still survive—and added an existing

613: 288: 5391: 5387: 5307: 5014: 4592: 4305: 1692:

According to some Islamic sources the cave is also the tomb of

972:

in his chronicle also alludes at this time to the discovery of

5446: 3923:, edited by Michael Dumper, Bruce E. Stanley, ABC CLIO, p. 121 2133:"Patriarchal Burial Site Explored for First Time in 700 Years" 1591: 1563:. The story of Abraham's burial is recounted in, for example, 4019:

International Journal of Research in Arts and Social Sciences

2039:

The Journal of the Council for British Research in the Levant

1586:

literature avows that, in addition to the patriarch couples,

1233:

The increased sensitivity of the site meant that in 1996 the

311: 4690: 4041:

Dimensions of Locality: Muslim Saints, Their Place and Space

2749:"Iron Age Pottery from the Cave of the Patriarchs at Hebron" 2183:

Human rights in the Israeli-occupied territories, 1967–1982

1291:

cave following similar complaints from the Arab residents.

3569:"photograph of Michal descending through the grated shaft" 1647:, this tomb is the gateway through which souls enter into 1076:

in memory of Joseph was created in the upper level of the

6731:

Religious buildings and structures converted into mosques

3889:"The Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs (R. H. Charles)" 1763:

List of burial places of founders of religious traditions

1353:, and is sealed by a large stone, and usually covered by 1281:

national heritage site protection and rehabilitation plan

1229:

Jewish bride praying at the site before her wedding, 2010

822:

In 2020, Israeli archaeologists led by David Ben-Shlomo (

3086:"Pal. Explor. Fund," Quarterly Statement, 1882, p. 212). 1396:

This passage to the caves was sealed at some time after

979:

Towards the end of the period of Crusader rule, in 1166

4991:

Church of Saint Porphyrius (Orthodox Christian Church)

4297:

Photos and Diagram of Underground at Caves of Machpela

3485:"Tombs of the Patriarchs – Hebron, State of Palestine" 3318:"Israel to include West Bank shrines in heritage plan" 2747:

Arnon, Noam; Ben-Shlomo, David; Mommsen, Hans (2020).

1822:

K..A. Berney; Trudy Ring; Noelle Watson, eds. (1996).

1768:

List of World Heritage Sites in the State of Palestine

6522:

Doraemon: Nobita's Diary on the Creation of the World

3978:

Harris, Ray, and Khalid Koser. "Islam in the Sahel."

3474:

by Bruce Manning Metzger, Michael David Coogan p. 99

3185:"Hebron Liberation Day Celebrates Freedom of Worship" 2801:

The Origin Myths and Holy Places in the Old Testament

1182:, the 13-year-old daughter of Yehuda Arbel, chief of 482:

entered the complex during the Islamic holy month of

4053:

Harar – the Ethiopian city known as 'Africa's Mecca'

3472:

The Oxford Guide to People & Places of the Bible

1480:

and their wives, the matriarchs, were buried there.

356: 6791:

Religious buildings and structures in the West Bank

6616: 6597: 6545: 6513: 6485: 6464: 6429: 6369: 6146: 5986: 5928: 5885: 5842: 5695: 5619: 5511: 5455: 5425: 5345: 5218: 5155: 5052: 4951: 4933: 4915: 4887: 4824: 4796: 4758: 4735: 4702: 4627: 4536: 4498: 4472: 4461: 4391: 4376: 4367: 4352: 4343: 3210:"This Week in History: 1st Jew in Patriarch's Cave" 1199:eve, 3 October 1976, an Arab mob destroyed several 478:occurred at the Ibrahimi Mosque, in which an armed 251: 246: 231: 194: 184: 169: 157: 3241:] (in Hebrew) (1st ed.). Sifriat Netzaim. 2160:Shalom/Salaam/Peace: A Liberation Theology of Hope 1543:The only matriarch missing is Jacob's other wife, 3991:Jones, Kevin. "Slavs and Tatars: Language arts." 3348:"US slams Israel over designating heritage sites" 1715:According to some sources, the mosque is the 4th 387:, the cave and adjoining field were purchased by 6581:Daesong Heavy Industries II: Return to Innocence 4155:. Princeton University Press. pp. 413–428. 3460:Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans 2472:Merrill, Selah (1890). "The Cave of Machpelah". 2305: 2303: 2186:. Manchester University Press ND. p. 215. 1104: 6786:World Heritage Sites in the State of Palestine 3062:Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers 2887:This is Israel: pictorial guide & souvenir 906:), the area having been excavated by a Muslim 773:The burial of Sarah is the first account of a 129: 93: 5403: 5319: 5026: 4604: 4317: 3106:. 7 November 2011. Retrieved on 2 March 2012. 2221: 2219: 2217: 2215: 8: 5875:The Creation of the World and Other Business 4902:Greek Orthodox Church of the Transfiguration 3407:Waked, Ali; Levy, Yael (15 September 2009). 3118:, p. 198. The source was a manuscript, 2175: 2173: 2171: 2169: 1993: 1991: 1828:. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 338. 1392:The more visible known entrance to the caves 1357:; this is very close to the location of the 1178:The first Jew to enter the burial caves was 930:In 1100, after the area was captured by the 58: 52: 45: 5002:Access to the site is controlled by Israel. 4251:The Cave of Machpelah Tomb of the Patriarch 3980:Continuity and Change in the Tunisian Sahel 2848:. Translated by Aubrey Stewart. p. 27. 2589:"A Burial Plot for Sarah (Genesis 23:1–20)" 2316:. Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 286. 2263: 2261: 1924:Har-El, Shai (2014). "The Gate of Legacy". 1906:Davidson, Linda Kay; Gitliz, David Martin. 5410: 5396: 5388: 5326: 5312: 5304: 5033: 5019: 5011: 4986:Holy Family Church (Latin Catholic Church) 4611: 4597: 4589: 4469: 4388: 4373: 4364: 4349: 4324: 4310: 4302: 4257:Tombs of the Patriarchs Article and Photos 2964: 2932:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 98. 1753:and kept it at a mosque and shrine there. 44: 3532:International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 2996: 2929:Daily Life of the Jews in the Middle Ages 1777:– a 1993 multimedia opera set in the cave 1719:; other sources rank other sites as 4th. 1146:Entrance to Ibrahimi Mosque, Hebron, 2019 426:control, but were retaken in 1188 by the 3020:"Itinerary," ed. Asher, pp. 40–42, Hebr. 2844:Palestine Pilgrims Text Society (1887). 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2728:Journal of the American Oriental Society 2583: 2581: 1817: 1815: 1696:. Though the Bible has Joseph buried in 1573: 1339: 1224: 1133: 6263:The Garden of Eden with the Fall of Man 3942:, Sarah Birke, New York Review of Books 3008: 2921: 2919: 1811: 1792: 6413:Let's Give Adam and Eve Another Chance 5611:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis 5534:Tree of the knowledge of good and evil 4088:, Karachi, Pakistan on 3 January 2009 3619:, 52/2008 Title Story: Abraham, p. 104 3385: 3115: 2984: 2126: 1404:, the area fell into the hands of the 34:Machpelah (Townsville, North Carolina) 3593:Joseph Free and Howard F. Vos (1992) 3419:from the original on 17 November 2015 3328:from the original on 13 November 2010 3259:from the original on 30 November 2018 3191:from the original on 30 November 2018 3142:from the original on 30 November 2018 3051: 3049: 2946:from the original on 25 February 2024 2827:Canaan in the Second Millennium B.C.E 2661:Easton's Bible Dictionary "Machpelah" 2363:from the original on 27 November 2022 2347: 2345: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2091:from the original on 29 November 2018 1926:Where Islam and Judaism Join Together 1884:from the original on 25 February 2024 1842:from the original on 25 February 2024 1700:(the present-day Palestinian city of 1316:In the northwestern section are four 1170:on 8 June 1967, he made his way from 1098:other, upon the sepulchre of Abraham. 952:In the year 1113 during the reign of 588:said, "The City of the Four Couples: 333:'Cave of the Double') and to 7: 4778:Monastery of Saint George of Choziba 4287:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 3653:from the original on 9 December 2016 3495:from the original on 13 October 2018 2904:from the original on 10 January 2020 2846:Itinerary from Bordeaux to Jerusalem 2804:. New York: Routledge. p. 120. 2779:from the original on 7 December 2023 2595:from the original on 1 December 2018 2540:from the original on 22 October 2012 2514:from the original on 4 December 2018 2423:from the original on 3 December 2022 2274:. Trafford Publishing. p. 160. 2232:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 383. 1958: 1956: 1919: 1917: 304: 6074:Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan 3552:from the original on 14 April 2014. 2863:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2798:Niesiolowski-Spano, Lukasz (2014). 2200:from the original on 3 January 2014 1710:Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 1476:. The book describes how the three 1152:Israeli occupation of the West Bank 1056:, a province that included Hebron, 346: 59: 53: 6811:Buildings and structures in Hebron 6279:Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden 2730:, vol. 99, no. 1, 1979, pp. 15–23. 2625:Easton's Bible Dictionary "Burial" 2566:from the original on 18 March 2012 2139:from the original on 10 March 2021 580:, the 'City of the Four' which is 470:and prayer books. In May 1980, an 74:Southern view of the complex, 2009 25: 6420:Man Gave Names to All the Animals 6311:Expulsion from the Garden of Eden 6167:Expulsion from the Garden of Eden 6136:The Rise and Fall of Adam and Eve 5736:The Private Lives of Adam and Eve 4889:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 4662:St. George's Monastery, Al-Khader 4275:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 3895:from the original on 2 April 2014 3548:. Religious Tract Society. 1884. 3360:from the original on 20 June 2010 3298:from the original on 2 April 2015 3068:from the original on 8 March 2019 2474:The Old and New Testament Student 564:? That it is doubled in couples: 6359:The Serpent Chooses Adam and Eve 5146: 5140: 3729:from the original on 17 May 2019 2453:from the original on 7 June 2022 2393:from the original on 7 June 2022 2353:"MikraotGedolot – AlHaTorah.org" 2330:from the original on 30 May 2013 2288:from the original on 2 June 2013 2246:from the original on 30 May 2013 2135:. Biblical Archaeology Society. 1459:Religions beliefs and traditions 1060:ordered the construction of the 128: 121: 92: 85: 68: 6801:Tombs in the State of Palestine 6716:Caves of the State of Palestine 5132:Sultan Ibrahim Ibn Adham Mosque 3253:"Entering the Cave of Machpela" 2884:Mann, Sylvia (1 January 1983). 1741:when he discovered the head of 1590:, the first man, and his wife, 1216:Cave of the Patriarchs massacre 745:, Abraham's wife Sarah dies in 476:Cave of the Patriarchs massacre 6191:The Garden of Earthly Delights 5249:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque 4642:Chapel of the Shepherd's Field 4621:Occupied Palestinian Territory 3891:. Earlychristianwritings.com. 2180:Esther Rosalind Cohen (1985). 2131:Nancy Miller (May–June 1985). 1870:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 1008:Muslims pray, in January 2014. 818:First and Second Temple period 709:, a verb meaning “to double”. 148:Show map of State of Palestine 29:Holy site in Hebron, Palestine 1: 6741:Israel National Heritage Site 6015:Book of the Penitence of Adam 5282:Category:Mosques in Palestine 4672:Monastery of Saint Theodosius 4186:. London: Alexander P. Watt. 3838:Journal of Bible and Religion 3595:Archaeology and Bible History 3545:The Sunday at Home, Volume 31 3409:"'Loudspeaker war' in Hebron" 2313:In the shadow of the struggle 1445:, the former director of the 845: 420:Muslim conquest of the Levant 6378:Dese Bones G'wine Rise Again 3811:Journal of Palestine Studies 3171:10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.014 3163:Journal of Cultural Heritage 2829:. Eisenbrauns. p. 374. 2000:Journal of Palestine Studies 1978:10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.014 1966:Journal of Cultural Heritage 1668:nocturnal journey from Mecca 1447:Israel Antiquities Authority 1116:British mandate on Palestine 629:58 gives a third hypothesis: 472:attack on Jewish worshippers 447:Jordanian-occupied West Bank 312: 5642:Adam in rabbinic literature 4907:Holy Family Catholic Church 4773:Monastery of the Temptation 3878:SUNY Press, 1995 pp. 126–27 3489:www.sacred-destinations.com 2717:Commodity Prices at Ugarit. 2383:"Rashbam on Genesis 23:9:1" 1737:during the reign of Caliph 1551:as having been buried near 1048:Between 1318 and 1320, the 737:Tomb of Sarah in the Mosque 414:of the region, a Christian 357: 6827: 6796:Jews and Judaism in Hebron 6726:Christian pilgrimage sites 6670:Ransom theory of atonement 6639:Adam and Eve cylinder seal 6223:Eve, the Serpent and Death 6112:Extracts from Adam's Diary 5433:Genesis creation narrative 5259:Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem) 5127:Sheikh Ali al-Bakka Mosque 5122:Mosque of Omar (Bethlehem) 4717:Sheikh Ali al-Bakka Mosque 4688: 4008:. Vol. 3. IB Tauris, 2011. 3982:. Routledge, 2018. 107–20. 3462:by Peter Richardson p. 61 2753:Israel Exploration Journal 2534:"Strong's H4375 - Makpela" 2443:"Sforno on Genesis 23:9:1" 2413:"Ramban on Genesis 23:9:2" 1624:An early Jewish text, the 1452:Israel Exploration Journal 1239:Arab–Israeli peace process 1036:to the mosque's interior. 852:Byzantine Christian period 637:'s field which was in the 31: 18:The Cave of the Patriarchs 5632:Adam and Eve in Mormonism 5373: 5277: 5138: 5087:Jamal Abdel Nasser Mosque 4999: 4897:Jamal Abdel Nasser Mosque 4647:Church of Saint Catherine 4637:Chapel of the Milk Grotto 3723:"Talmud Bavli, Sotah 13a" 3556:Société de l'Orient Latin 3392:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3233:Hoberman, Haggai (2008). 2912:– via Google Books. 2560:"Strong's H3717 - kaphal" 2051:10.1179/lev.2000.32.1.135 514:, is uncertain. The word 112:Show map of the West Bank 79: 67: 50: 6766:Tombs of biblical people 4121:. Vol. 1. J. Duncan 4094:14 December 2017 at the 3823:10.1525/jps.2003.33.1.68 3678:4:2; Babylonian Talmud, 1126:fortress built in 1168. 793:Extra-biblical parallels 725:depicting the burial of 6706:Jewish pilgrimage sites 6295:The Koren Picture-Bible 5744:El pecado de Adán y Eva 5687:Our Lady of Endor Coven 4811:Church of Saint Lazarus 4619:Religious sites in the 4137:Revue de l'Orient Latin 4058:4 December 2018 at the 3938:4 December 2018 at the 3919:6 November 2023 at the 3031:Wright, Thomas (1848). 2310:Ervin Birnbaum (1990). 2271:The Unavoidable Surgery 2229:Middle East Record 1968 1934:10.1057/9781137388124_6 1569:Stories of the Prophets 1438:, Verse of the Throne. 1430:2, verse 255, from the 1030:Shrine of Husayn's Head 968:nobleman and historian 954:Baldwin II of Jerusalem 494:Etymology of "Makhpela" 178:Palestinian Territories 6644:Genealogies of Genesis 6634:Cave of the Patriarchs 6567:Simpsons Bible Stories 5677:Tree of Jiva and Atman 5200:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque 5190:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque 5072:Great Mosque of Nablus 5062:Bilal ibn Rabah Mosque 4943:Church of Saint George 4834:Great Mosque of Nablus 4696: 4652:Church of the Nativity 4569:Joshua the High Priest 4253:Jewish Virtual Library 4246:Cave of the Patriarchs 3646:Jewish Virtual Library 3443:4 January 2015 at the 3122:, vol. ii, pp. 232–33. 3120:The Travels of Ali Bey 2722:21 August 2020 at the 2715:Stieglitz, Robert R. “ 2158:Hammond, Constance A. 1781:Tomb of the Matriarchs 1666:visited Hebron on his 1579: 1559:they exist in Islam's 1393: 1345: 1313: 1230: 1162:, Major general Rabbi 1147: 1139: 1113: 1100: 1009: 927: 832:Between 31 and 4 BCE, 814: 813:Tomb of Isaac, c. 1911 738: 730: 643: 619: 618: 554: 285:Tomb of the Patriarchs 281:Cave of the Patriarchs 136:Cave of the Patriarchs 100:Cave of the Patriarchs 46:Cave of the Patriarchs 36:. For other uses, see 6560:Probe 7, Over and Out 6454:Snakes for the Divine 6438:The Cainian Chronicle 6029:El amigo de Él y Ella 5539:Serpents in the Bible 4798:Jerusalem Governorate 4694: 4629:Bethlehem Governorate 4284:Catholic Encyclopedia 3933:Damascus: What’s Left 3747:"Shemot Rabbah" 31:17 3215:12 April 2018 at the 3029:Another translation: 2562:. Blue Letter Bible. 2536:. Blue Letter Bible. 1671:abolishes his sins." 1662:Muslims believe that 1577: 1406:Israel Defense Forces 1391: 1343: 1311: 1273:Israel Defense Forces 1228: 1160:Israel Defense Forces 1145: 1137: 1095: 1007: 925: 856:Until the era of the 812: 736: 720: 679:Samuel David Luzzatto 631: 566: 543: 535: 506:The etymology of the 305:מְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה 158:Alternative name 54:מְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה 6514:Story within a story 6215:The Haywain Triptych 6207:The Creation of Adam 6160:Tapestry of Creation 6056:Life of Adam and Eve 5682:Tree of life (Quran) 5175:Great Mosque of Gaza 5067:Fatima Khatun Mosque 4961:Great Mosque of Gaza 4745:Fatima Khatun Mosque 4574:Esther and Mordechai 3356:. 24 February 2010. 3324:. 22 February 2010. 3235:Keneged Kol HaSikuim 3135:The Mosque of Hebron 3102:5 March 2016 at the 2967:, pp. 317–18 = 2926:Norman Roth (2005). 873:The Piacenza Pilgrim 698:Strong's Concordance 518:means "cave of" and 375:in the heart of the 363:al-Ḥaram al-Ibrāhīmī 339:Sanctuary of Abraham 318:Məʿāraṯ ha-Mmaḵpēlāh 142:Location within the 106:Location within the 6781:7th-century mosques 6751:Islamic pilgrimages 6736:Hebrew Bible places 6701:Arabic architecture 6629:Generations of Adam 6574:In-A-Gadda-Da-Leela 6128:The Book of Genesis 5667:Mashya and Mashyana 5077:Al-Hamadiyya Mosque 4935:Tulkarm Governorate 4760:Jericho Governorate 4667:Al-Hamadiyya Mosque 4259:Sacred Destinations 4062:, BBC, 21 July 2017 3784:Kook, Abraham Isaac 3725:. www.sefaria.org. 3684:Pirke Rebbe Eliezer 3641:"Cave of Machpelah" 3521:on 20 October 2006. 3058:"Haram al-Ibrahimi" 3056:al-Natsheh, Yusuf. 1312:Cenotaph of Abraham 869:Pilgrim of Bordeaux 838:Hellenistic Judaism 584:..." (Gen. 35:27). 572:came to his father 510:name for the site, 488:Palestinian Muslims 486:and opened fire on 451:seized and occupied 443:Six-Day War of 1967 385:Abrahamic religions 383:. According to the 216:31.5247°N 35.1107°E 212: / 47: 6655:Legend of the Rood 6498:Y-chromosomal Adam 6406:In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida 6399:The Garden of Eden 6319:The First Mourning 6067:Testimony of Truth 5994:Apocalypse of Adam 5867:The Tragedy of Man 5816:The Tragedy of Man 5752:La Biblia en pasta 5712:Good Morning, Eve! 5292:Mosques by country 5287:Islam in Palestine 5210:Umm al-Nasr Mosque 4917:Salfit Governorate 4826:Nablus Governorate 4704:Hebron Governorate 4697: 4292:Bible Land Library 4004:Sultanova, Razia. 3219:, by Tamara Zeve, 2268:Mati Alon (2003). 1928:. pp. 69–86. 1580: 1394: 1366:Benjamin of Tudela 1346: 1314: 1231: 1148: 1140: 1010: 989:Benjamin of Tudela 928: 926:Print from c. 1890 848:2nd century BCE). 815: 756:Ephron the Hittite 739: 731: 550:Samuel of Nehardea 512:Me'arat haMakhpela 377:Old City of Hebron 144:State of Palestine 38:Machpelah Cemetery 6761:Mosques in Hebron 6696:Jewish mausoleums 6678: 6677: 6606:Demon: The Fallen 6493:Mitochondrial Eve 6183:The Last Judgment 6089:Adam lay ybounden 6082:Old Saxon Genesis 6062:Testament of Adam 6049:Harrowing of Hell 6022:Cave of Treasures 5768:Second Time Lucky 5627:Adam–God doctrine 5591:Seed of the woman 5561:Figs in the Bible 5385: 5384: 5301: 5300: 5269:Sidna Omar Mosque 5185:Ibn Uthman Mosque 5180:Ibn Marwan Mosque 5165:Abu Khadra Mosque 5107:Nabi Yahya Mosque 5008: 5007: 5003: 4981:Ibn Uthman Mosque 4976:Ibn Marwan Mosque 4966:Abu Khadra Mosque 4854:Nabi Yahya Mosque 4788:Jericho synagogue 4737:Jenin Governorate 4695:Flag of Palestine 4586: 4585: 4582: 4581: 4500:Judea and Samaria 4457: 4456: 4453: 4452: 4430: 4429: 4426: 4425: 4278:"Machpelah" 4269:Aerial Photograph 4217:. Penguin Books. 4193:978-1-143-27239-4 4162:978-0-691-05787-3 4021:1 (2009): 286–98. 3761:Chapter 27 p. 77b 3448:Ma'an News Agency 3132:Stanley, Arthur. 3097:History of Hebron 2987:, pp. 447ff. 2811:978-1-84553-334-2 2323:978-965-229-037-3 2281:978-1-4120-1004-7 2239:978-0-470-21611-8 2193:978-0-7190-1726-1 1943:978-1-349-48283-2 1877:978-0-8028-2126-3 1862:Dever, William G. 1635:According to the 1468:According to the 1235:Wye River Accords 1121:Jordanian control 1062:Amir Jawli Mosque 1038:Samuel ben Samson 842:Hasmonean dynasty 752:Biblical Hittites 675:Ernst Rosenmüller 671:Moses Mendelssohn 646:Later scholarship 355: 332: 310: 297:Cave of Machpelah 277: 276: 16:(Redirected from 6818: 6649:Carnal knowledge 6553:"Adam & Eve" 6287:The Four Seasons 6226:(1510s or 1520s) 6104:Le Dernier Homme 6091:" (15th century) 5918:Children of Eden 5910:Up from Paradise 5760:The Annunciation 5728:The Original Sin 5512:Related theology 5412: 5405: 5398: 5389: 5328: 5321: 5314: 5305: 5243:Dome of the Rock 5205:Al-Shamah Mosque 5150: 5144: 5117:Al-Nurayn Mosque 5102:Al-Jawali Mosque 5092:Al-Khadra Mosque 5035: 5028: 5021: 5012: 5001: 4953:Gaza Governorate 4859:Al-Nurayn Mosque 4844:Al-Khadra Mosque 4722:Al-Jawali Mosque 4613: 4606: 4599: 4590: 4470: 4465:biblical figures 4403:Foundation Stone 4389: 4374: 4365: 4359:Laws and customs 4350: 4326: 4319: 4312: 4303: 4288: 4280: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4145: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4099: 4079: 4073: 4069: 4063: 4050: 4044: 4037: 4031: 4028: 4022: 4015: 4009: 4002: 3996: 3989: 3983: 3976: 3970: 3967: 3961: 3958: 3952: 3949: 3943: 3930: 3924: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3885: 3879: 3874:Shalom Goldman, 3872: 3866: 3863:Hastings, Adrian 3860: 3854: 3853: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3806: 3800: 3797: 3791: 3768: 3762: 3754: 3748: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3715: 3709: 3701: 3695: 3672:Jerusalem Talmud 3669: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3637: 3631: 3629:Genesis 35:19–20 3626: 3620: 3612: 3606: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3571:. 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Nachman 655:Abraham ibn Ezra 651:Saadia b. Joseph 621:According to b. 370: 368: 367: 366: 364: 350: 348: 347:الحرم الإبراهيمي 327: 325: 323: 322: 321: 319: 309:romanized: 308: 306: 227: 226: 224: 223: 222: 221:31.5247; 35.1107 217: 213: 210: 209: 208: 205: 149: 132: 131: 125: 113: 96: 95: 89: 72: 62: 61: 60:الحرم الإبراهيمي 56: 55: 48: 21: 6826: 6825: 6821: 6820: 6819: 6817: 6816: 6815: 6711:Book of Genesis 6681: 6680: 6679: 6674: 6612: 6593: 6541: 6509: 6481: 6472:Adam-ondi-Ahman 6460: 6446:Visions of Eden 6425: 6392:Forbidden Fruit 6385:Adam-ondi-Ahman 6365: 6271:The Fall of Man 6247:The Fall of Man 6142: 6084:" (9th century) 6004:Book of Abraham 5982: 5924: 5881: 5838: 5691: 5662:Manu (Hinduism) 5615: 5571:Adamic language 5544:Forbidden fruit 5507: 5451: 5437:Book of Genesis 5421: 5416: 5386: 5381: 5369: 5355:Patriarchs cave 5341: 5332: 5302: 5297: 5294: 5273: 5264:Al Dissi Mosque 5214: 5195:Mahkamah Mosque 5151: 5145: 5136: 5097:Ibrahimi Mosque 5048: 5039: 5009: 5004: 4995: 4947: 4929: 4911: 4883: 4820: 4806:Tomb of Lazarus 4792: 4754: 4731: 4712:Ibrahimi Mosque 4698: 4686: 4623: 4617: 4587: 4578: 4537:Other countries 4532: 4494: 4464: 4449: 4422: 4394: 4380: 4356: 4339: 4330: 4274: 4242: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4207: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4176: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4148: 4133: 4124: 4122: 4111: 4108: 4103: 4102: 4096:Wayback Machine 4080: 4076: 4070: 4066: 4060:Wayback Machine 4051: 4047: 4038: 4034: 4029: 4025: 4016: 4012: 4003: 3999: 3995:91 (2014): 141. 3990: 3986: 3977: 3973: 3968: 3964: 3959: 3955: 3950: 3946: 3940:Wayback Machine 3931: 3927: 3921:Wayback Machine 3912: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3887: 3886: 3882: 3873: 3869: 3861: 3857: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3798: 3794: 3788:Moadei Hare'iya 3769: 3765: 3755: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3732: 3730: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3698: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3654: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3627: 3623: 3613: 3609: 3592: 3588: 3578: 3576: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3542: 3541: 3537: 3530: 3526: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3498: 3496: 3483: 3482: 3478: 3470: 3466: 3458: 3454: 3450:4 January 2015. 3445:Wayback Machine 3436: 3432: 3422: 3420: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3363: 3361: 3346: 3345: 3341: 3331: 3329: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3290: 3289: 3285: 3276: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3232: 3231: 3227: 3217:Wayback Machine 3208: 3204: 3194: 3192: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3145: 3143: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3114: 3110: 3104:Wayback Machine 3094: 3090: 3085: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3055: 3054: 3047: 3030: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2995: 2991: 2983: 2979: 2965:Le Strange 1890 2963: 2959: 2949: 2947: 2940: 2925: 2924: 2917: 2907: 2905: 2898: 2890:. Palphot Ltd. 2883: 2882: 2878: 2871: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2843: 2842: 2838: 2824: 2823: 2819: 2812: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2782: 2780: 2746: 2745: 2734: 2724:Wayback Machine 2714: 2710: 2703: 2699: 2694:Genesis 50:1–14 2692: 2688: 2681: 2677: 2670: 2666: 2659: 2655: 2648: 2644: 2634: 2630: 2623: 2619: 2614:Genesis 23:9–20 2612: 2608: 2598: 2596: 2587: 2586: 2579: 2569: 2567: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2543: 2541: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2517: 2515: 2506: 2505: 2501: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2456: 2454: 2447:www.sefaria.org 2441: 2440: 2436: 2426: 2424: 2417:www.sefaria.org 2411: 2410: 2406: 2396: 2394: 2387:www.sefaria.org 2381: 2380: 2376: 2366: 2364: 2351: 2350: 2343: 2333: 2331: 2324: 2309: 2308: 2301: 2291: 2289: 2282: 2267: 2266: 2259: 2249: 2247: 2240: 2226:Dishon (1973). 2225: 2224: 2213: 2203: 2201: 2194: 2179: 2178: 2167: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2140: 2130: 2129: 2104: 2094: 2092: 2079: 2078: 2074: 2036: 2035: 2031: 2012:10.2307/2538213 1997: 1996: 1989: 1962: 1961: 1954: 1944: 1923: 1922: 1915: 1905: 1904: 1897: 1887: 1885: 1878: 1860: 1859: 1855: 1845: 1843: 1836: 1821: 1820: 1813: 1808: 1807: 1801:Samuel b. Isaac 1798: 1794: 1789: 1759: 1681:of the city by 1660: 1578:Tomb of Abraham 1547:, described in 1493:Genesis 23:1–20 1470:Book of Genesis 1466: 1461: 1338: 1302: 1297: 1132: 1130:Israeli control 1123: 1118: 1087: 1058:Sanjar al-Jawli 1046: 1002: 970:Ibn al-Qalanisi 956:, according to 920: 918:Crusader period 881: 854: 834:Herod the Great 820: 807: 795: 743:Genesis 23:1–20 715: 713:Biblical origin 648: 586:Isaac the Smith 504: 496: 480:Israeli settler 455:State of Israel 362: 360: 359: 358: 317: 315: 314: 313: 301:Biblical Hebrew 220: 218: 214: 211: 206: 203: 201: 199: 198: 153: 152: 151: 150: 147: 146: 140: 139: 138: 137: 133: 116: 115: 114: 111: 110: 104: 103: 102: 101: 97: 75: 63: 57: 41: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6824: 6822: 6814: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6683: 6682: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6672: 6667: 6666: 6665: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6620: 6618: 6614: 6613: 6611: 6610: 6601: 6599: 6595: 6594: 6592: 6591: 6584: 6577: 6570: 6563: 6556: 6549: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6539: 6532: 6529:Island of Love 6525: 6517: 6515: 6511: 6510: 6508: 6507: 6500: 6495: 6489: 6487: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6479: 6474: 6468: 6466: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6458: 6450: 6442: 6433: 6431: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6373: 6371: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6355: 6347: 6339: 6331: 6323: 6315: 6307: 6306:(19th century) 6299: 6291: 6283: 6275: 6267: 6259: 6251: 6243: 6235: 6227: 6219: 6211: 6203: 6195: 6187: 6179: 6178:(15th century) 6175:Vienna Diptych 6171: 6163: 6162:(11th century) 6157: 6154:Bernward Doors 6150: 6148: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6140: 6132: 6124: 6116: 6108: 6100: 6092: 6085: 6078: 6070: 6064: 6059: 6052: 6045: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5990: 5988: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5980: 5972: 5964: 5956: 5952:La mort d'Adam 5948: 5947: 5946: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5922: 5914: 5906: 5898: 5894:The Apple Tree 5889: 5887: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5879: 5871: 5863: 5859:The Broken Jug 5855: 5854:(12th century) 5846: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5836: 5828: 5820: 5812: 5804: 5796: 5788: 5780: 5772: 5764: 5756: 5748: 5740: 5732: 5724: 5720:The Broken Jug 5716: 5708: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5623: 5621: 5620:Other cultures 5617: 5616: 5614: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5581:Protevangelium 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5557: 5556: 5551: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5529:Garden of Eden 5526: 5521: 5515: 5513: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5505: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5477: 5476: 5475: 5470: 5459: 5457: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5422: 5417: 5415: 5414: 5407: 5400: 5392: 5383: 5382: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5351: 5349: 5343: 5342: 5333: 5331: 5330: 5323: 5316: 5308: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5289: 5284: 5278: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5254:Marwani Mosque 5251: 5246: 5232: 5226: 5224: 5221:East Jerusalem 5216: 5215: 5213: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5161: 5159: 5153: 5152: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5112:An-Nasr Mosque 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5082:Hanbali Mosque 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5058: 5056: 5050: 5049: 5040: 5038: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5015: 5006: 5005: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4957: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4945: 4939: 4937: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4927: 4925:Tomb of Joshua 4921: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4893: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4849:Hanbali Mosque 4846: 4841: 4839:An-Nasr Mosque 4836: 4830: 4828: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4802: 4800: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4764: 4762: 4756: 4755: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4741: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4708: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4657:Mosque of Omar 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4633: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4618: 4616: 4615: 4608: 4601: 4593: 4584: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4540: 4538: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4504: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4476: 4467: 4459: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4431: 4428: 4427: 4424: 4423: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4408:Holy of Holies 4405: 4399: 4397: 4386: 4371: 4362: 4354:Land of Israel 4347: 4341: 4340: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4321: 4314: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4272: 4266: 4260: 4254: 4248: 4241: 4240:External links 4238: 4237: 4236: 4223: 4205: 4192: 4178:Le Strange, G. 4174: 4161: 4146: 4131: 4107: 4104: 4101: 4100: 4074: 4064: 4045: 4043:8 (2008): 149. 4032: 4023: 4010: 3997: 3993:ArtAsiaPacific 3984: 3971: 3962: 3953: 3944: 3925: 3906: 3880: 3867: 3855: 3828: 3801: 3792: 3771:Genesis Rabbah 3763: 3758:Sefer Hayashar 3749: 3740: 3710: 3696: 3686:, chapter 20; 3664: 3632: 3621: 3607: 3586: 3575:on 29 May 2008 3560: 3535: 3524: 3506: 3476: 3464: 3452: 3430: 3399: 3371: 3339: 3309: 3283: 3270: 3244: 3225: 3221:Jerusalem Post 3202: 3176: 3153: 3124: 3108: 3095:Dandis, Wala. 3088: 3079: 3045: 3022: 3013: 3011:, p. 422. 3001: 2999:, p. 319. 2997:Runciman 1965b 2989: 2977: 2957: 2939:978-0313328657 2938: 2915: 2896: 2876: 2870:978-0199684335 2869: 2851: 2836: 2817: 2810: 2790: 2732: 2708: 2697: 2686: 2675: 2664: 2653: 2650:Genesis 25:5–6 2642: 2636:Genesis 25:7–8 2628: 2617: 2606: 2577: 2551: 2525: 2508:"Genesis 23:9" 2499: 2486:10.1086/470621 2480:(6): 327–335. 2464: 2434: 2404: 2374: 2341: 2322: 2299: 2280: 2257: 2238: 2211: 2192: 2165: 2150: 2102: 2072: 2029: 1987: 1952: 1942: 1913: 1895: 1876: 1853: 1835:978-1134259939 1834: 1810: 1809: 1806: 1805: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1770: 1765: 1758: 1755: 1743:Husayn ibn Ali 1735:Badr al-Jamali 1659: 1656: 1641:Garden of Eden 1626:Genesis Rabbah 1619:Sefer HaYashar 1561:oral tradition 1541: 1540: 1533:Genesis 50:4–5 1518: 1500: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1337: 1334: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1237:, part of the 1150:Following the 1131: 1128: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1086: 1085:Ottoman period 1083: 1045: 1042: 1001: 1000:Ayyubid period 998: 997: 996: 919: 916: 880: 877: 853: 850: 819: 816: 806: 803: 799:Ugaritic texts 794: 791: 714: 711: 667:Obadiah Sforno 659:Samuel b. Meir 647: 644: 627:Genesis Rabbah 503: 497: 495: 492: 424:Crusader-state 412:Byzantine rule 275: 274: 253: 249: 248: 244: 243: 233: 229: 228: 196: 192: 191: 186: 182: 181: 171: 167: 166: 159: 155: 154: 141: 135: 134: 127: 126: 120: 119: 118: 117: 105: 99: 98: 91: 90: 84: 83: 82: 81: 80: 77: 76: 73: 65: 64: 51: 28: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6823: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6671: 6668: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6656: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6621: 6619: 6615: 6608: 6607: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6596: 6589: 6585: 6582: 6578: 6575: 6571: 6568: 6564: 6561: 6557: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6531: 6530: 6526: 6524: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6456: 6455: 6451: 6448: 6447: 6443: 6440: 6439: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6421: 6417: 6414: 6410: 6407: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6389: 6386: 6382: 6379: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6368: 6361: 6360: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6329: 6328: 6324: 6321: 6320: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6308: 6305: 6304: 6303:Paradise Lost 6300: 6297: 6296: 6292: 6289: 6288: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6265: 6264: 6260: 6257: 6256: 6252: 6249: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6232: 6228: 6225: 6224: 6220: 6217: 6216: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6180: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6145: 6138: 6137: 6133: 6130: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6121: 6117: 6114: 6113: 6109: 6106: 6105: 6101: 6098: 6097: 6096:Paradise Lost 6093: 6090: 6086: 6083: 6079: 6077:(6th century) 6076: 6075: 6071: 6069:(3rd century) 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6051: 6050: 6046: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6024: 6023: 6019: 6017: 6016: 6012: 6010: 6009:Books of Adam 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5999:Book of Moses 5997: 5995: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5985: 5978: 5977: 5973: 5970: 5969: 5968:Genesis Suite 5965: 5962: 5961: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5927: 5920: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5904: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5884: 5877: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5868: 5864: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5851:Le Jeu d'Adam 5848: 5847: 5845: 5841: 5834: 5833: 5829: 5826: 5825: 5821: 5818: 5817: 5813: 5810: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5801: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5781: 5778: 5777: 5773: 5770: 5769: 5765: 5762: 5761: 5757: 5754: 5753: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5705: 5704:Mama's Affair 5701: 5700: 5698: 5694: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5652:Book of Moses 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5637:Adam in Islam 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5618: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5586:Rosh Hashanah 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5546: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5516: 5514: 5510: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5483: 5482: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5465: 5464: 5463:Cain and Abel 5461: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5413: 5408: 5406: 5401: 5399: 5394: 5393: 5390: 5380: 5379: 5372: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5329: 5324: 5322: 5317: 5315: 5310: 5309: 5306: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5279: 5276: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5230:Abdeen Mosque 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5222: 5217: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5170:Aybaki Mosque 5168: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5154: 5149: 5143: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5036: 5031: 5029: 5024: 5022: 5017: 5016: 5013: 4998: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4971:Aybaki Mosque 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4950: 4944: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4886: 4880: 4879:Joseph's Tomb 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4864:Mount Gerizim 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4816:Abdeen Mosque 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4795: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4750:Burqin Church 4748: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4734: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4701: 4693: 4683: 4682:Rachel's Tomb 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4614: 4609: 4607: 4602: 4600: 4595: 4594: 4591: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4497: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4460: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4379: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4366: 4363: 4360: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4322: 4320: 4315: 4313: 4308: 4307: 4304: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4286: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4265:Hebron.org.il 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4226: 4224:9780521347716 4220: 4216: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4195: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4179: 4175: 4164: 4158: 4154: 4153: 4147: 4144:. Paris: 477. 4143: 4139: 4138: 4132: 4120: 4119: 4114: 4110: 4109: 4105: 4097: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4083: 4078: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4054: 4049: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4027: 4024: 4020: 4014: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3998: 3994: 3988: 3985: 3981: 3975: 3972: 3966: 3963: 3957: 3954: 3948: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3934: 3929: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3915: 3910: 3907: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3881: 3877: 3871: 3868: 3864: 3859: 3856: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3832: 3829: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3805: 3802: 3796: 3793: 3790:, pp. 413–15. 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3772: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3753: 3750: 3744: 3741: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3711: 3707: 3706: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3692:Genesis Rabba 3689: 3688:Midrash Rabba 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3668: 3665: 3652: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3636: 3633: 3630: 3625: 3622: 3618: 3617: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3603:0-310-47961-4 3600: 3596: 3590: 3587: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3557: 3551: 3547: 3546: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3528: 3525: 3520: 3516: 3515:"a floorplan" 3510: 3507: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3480: 3477: 3473: 3468: 3465: 3461: 3456: 3453: 3449: 3446: 3442: 3439: 3434: 3431: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3403: 3400: 3395: 3389: 3381: 3375: 3372: 3359: 3355: 3354: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3310: 3297: 3293: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3279:Peace Process 3274: 3271: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3236: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3211: 3206: 3203: 3190: 3186: 3180: 3177: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3157: 3154: 3141: 3137: 3136: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3112: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3098: 3092: 3089: 3083: 3080: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3052: 3050: 3046: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3026: 3023: 3017: 3014: 3010: 3005: 3002: 2998: 2993: 2990: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2961: 2958: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2931: 2930: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2903: 2899: 2897:9789652800008 2893: 2889: 2888: 2880: 2877: 2872: 2866: 2862: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2821: 2818: 2813: 2807: 2803: 2802: 2794: 2791: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2718: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2683:Genesis 47:28 2679: 2676: 2673: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2610: 2607: 2594: 2590: 2584: 2582: 2578: 2565: 2561: 2555: 2552: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2513: 2509: 2503: 2500: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2468: 2465: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2438: 2435: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2408: 2405: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2378: 2375: 2362: 2359:(in Hebrew). 2358: 2354: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2329: 2325: 2319: 2315: 2314: 2306: 2304: 2300: 2287: 2283: 2277: 2273: 2272: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2245: 2241: 2235: 2231: 2230: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2199: 2195: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2162:. p. 37. 2161: 2154: 2151: 2138: 2134: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2076: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1910:. p. 91. 1909: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1883: 1879: 1873: 1869: 1868: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1802: 1796: 1793: 1786: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1720: 1718: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1627: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1613:, the son of 1612: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1576: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1515:Genesis 49:31 1512: 1511:Genesis 35:29 1508: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1497:Genesis 49:31 1494: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1474:Promised Land 1471: 1463: 1458: 1456: 1454: 1453: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1437: 1434:, the famous 1433: 1429: 1424: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1370: 1367: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1342: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1327: 1321: 1319: 1310: 1306: 1299: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1284: 1282: 1277: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1259: 1258:Torah portion 1255: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1236: 1227: 1223: 1221: 1218:committed by 1217: 1212: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1201:Torah scrolls 1198: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1176: 1173: 1169: 1166:, during the 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1144: 1136: 1129: 1127: 1120: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1044:Mamluk period 1043: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1006: 999: 994: 993: 992: 990: 985: 982: 977: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 950: 947: 945: 941: 937: 933: 924: 917: 915: 913: 909: 905: 904:Joseph's Tomb 901: 897: 891: 888: 886: 878: 876: 874: 870: 865: 863: 859: 851: 849: 843: 839: 835: 830: 827: 825: 817: 811: 804: 802: 800: 792: 790: 788: 787:Promised Land 782: 778: 776: 771: 769: 765: 761: 758:, the son of 757: 753: 748: 744: 741:According to 735: 728: 724: 719: 712: 710: 708: 704: 700: 699: 694: 692: 688: 687:Genesis 49:30 684: 681:, holds that 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 645: 642: 640: 636: 630: 628: 624: 617: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 565: 563: 559: 553: 551: 547: 542: 540: 534: 532: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 501: 498: 493: 491: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 468:Torah scrolls 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 445:, the entire 444: 439: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 404: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 369: 365: 353: 344: 340: 336: 330: 324: 320: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 254: 250: 245: 242: 238: 234: 230: 225: 197: 193: 190: 187: 183: 179: 175: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 145: 124: 109: 88: 78: 71: 66: 49: 43: 39: 35: 27: 19: 6806:Sacred caves 6771:Torah places 6662:Ystorya Adaf 6660: 6653: 6633: 6604: 6588:Holly Bibble 6536:The Visitors 6534: 6527: 6520: 6504:The Real Eve 6502: 6452: 6444: 6436: 6357: 6351:Adam and Eve 6349: 6341: 6335:Adam and Eve 6333: 6327:Adam and Eve 6325: 6317: 6309: 6301: 6293: 6285: 6277: 6269: 6261: 6255:Adam and Eve 6253: 6245: 6239:Adam and Eve 6237: 6231:Adam and Eve 6229: 6221: 6213: 6205: 6199:Adam and Eve 6197: 6189: 6181: 6173: 6165: 6134: 6126: 6118: 6110: 6102: 6094: 6072: 6054: 6047: 6040: 6034: 6020: 6013: 5974: 5966: 5958: 5950: 5937:The Creation 5935: 5929:Compositions 5916: 5908: 5900: 5892: 5873: 5865: 5857: 5849: 5830: 5824:Adam and Dog 5822: 5814: 5806: 5800:The Last Eve 5798: 5790: 5782: 5774: 5766: 5758: 5750: 5742: 5734: 5726: 5718: 5710: 5702: 5672:Serpent seed 5606:Tree of life 5524:Original sin 5419:Adam and Eve 5375: 5365:Qumran Caves 5354: 5239:Qibli Mosque 5219: 5096: 4874:Jacob's Well 4711: 4507: 4418:Western Wall 4413:Temple Mount 4282: 4228:. Retrieved 4213: 4209:Runciman, S. 4197:. Retrieved 4182: 4166:. Retrieved 4151: 4141: 4135: 4123:. Retrieved 4117: 4106:Bibliography 4085: 4081: 4077: 4067: 4048: 4040: 4035: 4026: 4018: 4013: 4005: 4000: 3992: 3987: 3979: 3974: 3965: 3956: 3947: 3928: 3909: 3897:. Retrieved 3883: 3875: 3870: 3858: 3844:(2): 94–99. 3841: 3837: 3831: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3795: 3787: 3780:I Chronicles 3766: 3757: 3752: 3743: 3731:. Retrieved 3713: 3703: 3699: 3691: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3655:. Retrieved 3644: 3635: 3624: 3614: 3610: 3594: 3589: 3577:. Retrieved 3573:the original 3563: 3555: 3544: 3538: 3531: 3527: 3519:the original 3509: 3497:. Retrieved 3488: 3479: 3471: 3467: 3459: 3455: 3433: 3421:. Retrieved 3412: 3402: 3374: 3362:. Retrieved 3351: 3342: 3330:. Retrieved 3321: 3312: 3300:. Retrieved 3286: 3278: 3273: 3261:. Retrieved 3247: 3238: 3234: 3228: 3220: 3205: 3193:. Retrieved 3179: 3162: 3156: 3144:. Retrieved 3134: 3127: 3119: 3111: 3091: 3082: 3070:. 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Retrieved 1824: 1795: 1773: 1739:al-Mustansir 1721: 1714: 1691: 1676: 1673: 1661: 1653: 1634: 1623: 1618: 1600: 1581: 1542: 1467: 1450: 1440: 1436:Ayatul Kursi 1419: 1413: 1395: 1382: 1374: 1371: 1363: 1359:seventh step 1358: 1347: 1330: 1322: 1315: 1303: 1285: 1278: 1264: 1262: 1253:Chayei Sarah 1251: 1242: 1232: 1211:Oslo Accords 1208: 1205: 1193: 1189: 1180:Michal Arbel 1177: 1164:Shlomo Goren 1149: 1124: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1088: 1077: 1069: 1052:governor of 1047: 1011: 986: 978: 962:Ibn al Athir 958:Ali of Herat 951: 948: 942:windows and 929: 911: 899: 895: 892: 889: 883:In 614, the 882: 866: 855: 831: 828: 821: 796: 783: 779: 772: 740: 723:Gustave Doré 706: 702: 696: 695: 690: 682: 649: 638: 632: 620: 590:Adam and Eve 567: 561: 557: 555: 544: 538: 537:The cave of 536: 519: 515: 511: 505: 440: 408:Herodian era 405: 397:Christianity 338: 296: 284: 280: 278: 42: 26: 6624:Pre-Adamite 6477:Tomb of Eve 6298:(1692–1696) 6120:Eve's Diary 5519:Fall of man 5376:Located in 5360:Shuqba cave 4369:Holy cities 4333:Holy places 4271:Google Maps 3694:), ch. 28:3 3616:Der Spiegel 3597:Zondervan, 3423:13 November 3364:29 November 3263:29 November 3195:30 November 3146:29 November 3116:Conder 1830 2985:Kohler 1896 2095:29 November 1410:Moshe Dayan 1402:Six-Day War 1355:prayer mats 1256:, when the 1172:Gush Etzion 1168:Six-Day War 1156:Six-Day War 1028:) from the 898:(قلعة i.e. 879:Arab period 747:Kiryat Arba 729:in the cave 721:Woodcut by 546:Abba Arikha 441:During the 287:, known to 219: / 195:Coordinates 6685:Categories 6546:Television 5987:Literature 5566:Adam's ale 5157:Gaza Strip 4869:Mount Ebal 4768:Deir Hajla 4508:Patriarchs 4481:Matriarchs 4211:(1965b) . 4113:Conder, J. 4086:Daily News 3799:Zohar 127a 3705:The Asatir 3499:19 October 3072:18 October 3037:. p. 2783:7 December 2599:3 December 2518:4 December 2334:14 October 2292:14 October 2250:14 October 2204:14 October 2143:21 January 2045:: 135–54. 2025:Jerusalem. 1972:: 709–14. 1888:1 December 1787:References 1704:), Jewish 1677:After the 1651:(heaven). 1565:Ibn Kathir 1478:patriarchs 1443:Seev Jevin 1417:a camera. 1197:Yom Kippur 981:Maimonides 940:clerestory 623:Bava Batra 520:haMakhpela 436:patriarchs 207:35°06′39″E 204:31°31′29″N 6721:Cenotaphs 6465:Geography 6282:(c. 1650) 6258:(c. 1550) 6042:Genesis B 6036:Genesis A 5944:structure 5657:Endowment 5456:Offspring 5347:Palestine 5339:Palestine 5054:West Bank 5046:Palestine 4783:Nabi Musa 4395:Jerusalem 4393:Temple in 4378:Jerusalem 4345:Holy Land 4072:7:260–63. 3817:: 68–83. 2950:2 October 2765:0021-2059 2067:162263112 2059:0075-8914 1846:2 October 1584:midrashic 1553:Bethlehem 1441:In 1981, 1318:cenotaphs 1295:Structure 987:In 1170, 966:Damascene 932:Crusaders 785:into the 502:proposals 459:synagogue 410:. During 381:West Bank 373:Jerusalem 352:romanized 260:Byzantine 241:synagogue 189:West Bank 108:West Bank 6562:" (1963) 6422:" (1979) 6415:" (1970) 6408:" (1968) 6401:" (1956) 6394:" (1915) 6387:" (1835) 5886:Musicals 5808:Year One 5776:Adipapam 5647:Al-A'raf 5596:Shamsiel 5554:Fig leaf 4677:Mar Saba 4486:Benjamin 4463:Tombs of 4445:Tiberias 4383:Holiness 4180:(1890). 4115:(1830). 4092:Archived 4056:Archived 3936:Archived 3917:Archived 3899:10 April 3893:Archived 3727:Archived 3651:Archived 3579:26 April 3550:Archived 3493:Archived 3441:Archived 3417:Archived 3413:Ynetnews 3388:cite web 3358:Archived 3326:Archived 3296:Archived 3257:Archived 3213:Archived 3189:Archived 3140:Archived 3100:Archived 3066:Archived 2944:Archived 2902:Archived 2777:Archived 2773:27100275 2720:Archived 2593:Archived 2564:Archived 2538:Archived 2512:Archived 2451:Archived 2421:Archived 2391:Archived 2361:Archived 2328:Archived 2286:Archived 2244:Archived 2198:Archived 2137:Archived 2089:Archived 1882:Archived 1864:(2002). 1840:Archived 1774:The Cave 1757:See also 1679:conquest 1664:Muhammad 1649:Gan Eden 1607:Naphtali 1300:Building 1269:Intifada 1184:Shin Bet 1074:cenotaph 1012:In 1188 944:vaulting 862:basilica 703:makhpela 701:derives 691:makhpela 683:makhpela 639:makhpela 562:makhpela 558:makhpela 539:makhpela 508:Biblical 416:basilica 293:Biblical 268:Crusader 252:Cultures 170:Location 6776:Ziyarat 6691:Abraham 6486:Biology 6290:(1660s) 5940:(1798) 5832:Tropico 5504:Jumella 5435:in the 5235:Al-Aqsa 5042:Mosques 4549:Ezekiel 4337:Judaism 4230:26 July 4199:25 July 4168:20 July 4125:26 July 3850:1457287 3776:Genesis 3719:Sefaria 3676:Taanith 3657:3 March 3558:, 1883. 3353:Haaretz 3332:30 June 3322:Reuters 3302:2 April 2908:5 April 2832:Hebron. 2494:3157472 2020:2538213 1751:Ascalon 1724:Fatimid 1706:aggadic 1698:Shechem 1637:Midrash 1630:Abraham 1582:Jewish 1549:Genesis 1507:Rebekah 1485:Abraham 1464:Judaism 1398:Saladin 1383:passage 1288:muezzin 1249:Shabbat 1154:in the 1091:Ali Bey 1066:Mamluks 1034:Ascalon 1018:minaret 1014:Saladin 805:History 797:In the 770:there. 764:shekels 606:Rebecca 594:Abraham 516:Me'arat 500:Amoraic 484:Ramadan 453:by the 432:Saladin 430:sultan 428:Ayyubid 393:Judaism 389:Abraham 379:in the 354:: 337:as the 335:Muslims 331: 291:by its 272:Ottoman 264:Ayyubid 247:History 163:Abraham 6609:(2002) 6555:(1992) 6457:(2010) 6449:(2006) 6441:(1996) 6430:Albums 6362:(1958) 6354:(1932) 6346:(1931) 6338:(1909) 6330:(1905) 6322:(1888) 6314:(1828) 6274:(1628) 6266:(1617) 6250:(1550) 6242:(1550) 6234:(1528) 6218:(1516) 6210:(1512) 6202:(1507) 6194:(1504) 6186:(1482) 6170:(1425) 6156:(1015) 6139:(2017) 6131:(2009) 6123:(1905) 6115:(1904) 6107:(1805) 6099:(1667) 5979:(2001) 5976:Lilith 5971:(1945) 5963:(1875) 5955:(1809) 5921:(1991) 5913:(1973) 5905:(1972) 5897:(1966) 5878:(1972) 5870:(1861) 5862:(1808) 5835:(2013) 5827:(2011) 5819:(2011) 5811:(2009) 5803:(2005) 5795:(2000) 5787:(1992) 5779:(1988) 5771:(1984) 5763:(1984) 5755:(1984) 5747:(1969) 5739:(1960) 5731:(1948) 5723:(1937) 5715:(1934) 5707:(1921) 5601:Lilith 5576:Camael 5484:Luluwa 5480:Aclima 5426:Source 5378:Area C 4554:Daniel 4528:Samuel 4523:Joshua 4518:Joseph 4513:Rachel 4474:Israel 4435:Hebron 4221: 4190: 4159: 3848: 3733:17 May 3680:Erubin 3601: 2973:p. 318 2969:p. 317 2936: 2894: 2867: 2808: 2771: 2763: 2570:7 June 2544:7 June 2492: 2457:6 June 2427:6 June 2397:6 June 2367:6 June 2320: 2278: 2236: 2190: 2065: 2057: 2018: 1940: 1874: 1832: 1732:vizier 1728:minbar 1702:Nablus 1694:Joseph 1611:Hushim 1545:Rachel 1414:serdab 1408:, and 1379:Arabic 1375:serdab 1351:mihrab 1326:mihrab 1271:; 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